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Mukarram M, Petrik P, Mushtaq Z, Khan MMA, Gulfishan M, Lux A. Silicon nanoparticles in higher plants: Uptake, action, stress tolerance, and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119855. [PMID: 35940485 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is absorbed as uncharged mono-silicic acid by plant roots through passive absorption of Lsi1, an influx transporter belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Lsi2 then actively effluxes silicon from root cells towards the xylem from where it is exported by Lsi6 for silicon distribution and accumulation to other parts. Recently, it was proposed that silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) might share a similar route for their uptake and transport. SiNPs then initiate a cascade of morphophysiological adjustments that improve the plant physiology through regulating the expression of many photosynthetic genes and proteins along with photosystem I (PSI) and PSII assemblies. Subsequent improvement in photosynthetic performance and stomatal behaviour correspond to higher growth, development, and productivity. On many occasions, SiNPs have demonstrated a protective role during stressful environments by improving plant-water status, source-sink potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and enzymatic profile. The present review comprehensively discusses the crop improvement potential of SiNPs stretching their role during optimal and abiotic stress conditions including salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, in the later section of this review, we offered the understanding that most of these upgrades can be explained by SiNPs intricate correspondence with phytohormones, antioxidants, and signalling molecules. SiNPs can modulate the endogenous phytohormones level such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (IAAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), and jasmonic acid (JA). Altered phytohormones level affects plant growth, development, and productivity at various organ and tissue levels. Similarly, SiNPs regulate the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle leading to an upgraded defence system. At the cellular and subcellular levels, SiNPs crosstalk with various signalling molecules such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, nitric oxide (NO), ROS, soluble sugars, and transcription factors (TFs) was also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Petrik
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Gulfishan
- Glocal School of Agricultural Science, Glocal University, Saharanpur, 247121, India
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Kataria S, Jajoo A, Guruprasad KN. Impact of increasing Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on photosynthetic processes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 137:55-66. [PMID: 24725638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increased UV-B radiation on the earth's surface due to depletion of stratospheric ozone layer is one of the changes of current climate-change pattern. The deleterious effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and photosynthetic productivity of plants are reviewed. Perusal of relevant literature reveals that UV-B radiation inflicts damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of green plants at multiple sites. The sites of damage include oxygen evolving complex, D1/D2 reaction center proteins and other components on the donor and acceptor sides of PS II. The radiation inactivates light harvesting complex II and alters gene expression for synthesis of PS II reaction center proteins. Mn cluster of water oxidation complex is the most important primary target of UV-B stress whereas D1 and D2 proteins, quinone molecules and cytochrome b are the subsequent targets of UV-B. In addition, photosynthetic carbon reduction is also sensitive to UV-B radiation which has a direct effect on the activity and content of Rubisco. Some indirect effects of UV-B radiation include changes in photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance and leaf and canopy morphology. The failure of protective mechanisms makes PS II further vulnerable to the UV-B radiation. Reactive oxygen species are involved in UV-B induced responses in plants, both as signaling and damaging agents. Exclusion of ambient UV components under field conditions results in the enhancement of the rate of photosynthesis, PS II efficiency and subsequently increases the biomass accumulation and crop yield. It is concluded that predicted future increase in UV-B irradiation will have significant impact on the photosynthetic efficiency and the productivity of higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Kataria
- School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India.
| | - Anjana Jajoo
- School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
| | - Kadur N Guruprasad
- School of Life Science, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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Jia X, Ren L, Chen QJ, Li R, Tang G. UV-B-responsive microRNAs in Populus tremula. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 166:2046-57. [PMID: 19628301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in down-regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. A set of 24 UV-B stress-responsive miRNAs (13 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated) was identified in Populus tremula plantlet by expression profiling with our in-house miRNA filter array. Six of the UV-B-responsive miRNA and their corresponding target genes were verified for their expressions by RNA blotting and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. The predicted target genes for these miRNAs encode diverse proteins including transcription factors and phytohormone signal-related proteins. Promoter analysis of the UV-B-responsive miRNAs revealed the presence of many light-relevant cis-elements. However, these cis-elements were not necessarily specific to the promoters of UV-responsive miRNAs, indicating that other machinery may be involved in the regulation of UV-responsive miRNAs. Finally, a model was developed to describe the potential regulatory networks mediated by the UV-B-responsive miRNAs in P. tremula. These results provide new insights into the understanding of miRNAs as ubiquitous regulators in plant response to UV-B and other stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Jia
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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Kalbina I, Li S, Kalbin G, Björn LO, Strid Å. Two separate UV-B radiation wavelength regions control expression of different molecular markers in Arabidopsis thaliana. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2008; 35:222-227. [PMID: 32688776 DOI: 10.1071/fp07197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluence-response curves were obtained at nine wavelengths in the interval 280-360 nm for mRNA transcripts of four molecular markers induced by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.: CHS (encoding chalcone synthase), PDX1.3 (encoding an enzyme involved in formation of pyridoxine), MEB5.2 (encoding a protein with unknown function but which is strongly upregulated by UV-B), and LHCB1*3 (encoding a chlorophyll a/b binding protein). Intact Arabidopsis plants were irradiated for 3 h using a high intensity deuterium radiation source and narrow bandwith filters without supplementary PAR. The results obtained suggest the existence of two distinct UV-B signal responses: one sensitive between 300 and 310 nm and the other sensitive around 280-290 nm. Among the investigated molecular markers, CHS and PDX1.3 were regulated through the chromophore absorbing around 300 nm, whereas MEB5.2 and LHCB1*3 were regulated through the chromophore absorbing at 280-290 nm. The results obtained show that at least two signal transduction pathways exist that regulate gene expression as a result of absorption of UV-B radiation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kalbina
- Department of Science and Örebro Life Science Center, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Department of Science and Örebro Life Science Center, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Georgi Kalbin
- Department of Science and Örebro Life Science Center, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lars Olof Björn
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Åke Strid
- Department of Science and Örebro Life Science Center, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
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Hectors K, Prinsen E, De Coen W, Jansen MAK, Guisez Y. Arabidopsis thaliana plants acclimated to low dose rates of ultraviolet B radiation show specific changes in morphology and gene expression in the absence of stress symptoms. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2007; 175:255-270. [PMID: 17587374 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02092.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UV-B) acclimation comprises complex and poorly understood changes in plant metabolism. The effects of chronic and ecologically relevant UV-B dose rates on Arabidopsis thaliana were determined. The UV-B acclimation process was studied by measuring radiation effects on morphology, physiology, biochemistry and gene expression. Chronic UV-B radiation did not affect photosynthesis or the expression of stress responsive genes, which indicated that the UV-acclimated plants were not stressed. UV-induced morphological changes in acclimated plants included decreased rosette diameter, decreased inflorescence height and increased numbers of flowering stems, indicating that chronic UV-B treatment caused a redistribution rather than a cessation of growth. Gene expression profiling indicated that UV-induced morphogenesis was associated with subtle changes in phytohormone (auxins, brassinosteroids and gibberellins) homeostasis and the cell wall. Based on the comparison of gene expression profiles, it is concluded that acclimation to low, chronic dose rates of UV-B is distinct from that to acute, stress-inducing UV-B dose rates. Hence, UV-B-induced morphogenesis is functionally uncoupled from stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Hectors
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Els Prinsen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim De Coen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- Department of Zoology, Ecology and Plant Science, University College Cork, Distillery Field, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
| | - Yves Guisez
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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