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Zhang X, Sun Y, Qiu X, Lu H, Hwang I, Wang T. Tolerant mechanism of model legume plant Medicago truncatula to drought, salt, and cold stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847166. [PMID: 36160994 PMCID: PMC9490062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Legume plants produce one-third of the total yield of primary crops and are important food sources for both humans and animals worldwide. Frequent exposure to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt, and cold, greatly limits the production of legume crops. Several morphological, physiological, and molecular studies have been conducted to characterize the response and adaptation mechanism to abiotic stresses. The tolerant mechanisms of the model legume plant Medicago truncatula to abiotic stresses have been extensively studied. Although many potential genes and integrated networks underlying the M. truncatula in responding to abiotic stresses have been identified and described, a comprehensive summary of the tolerant mechanism is lacking. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the adaptive mechanism by which M. truncatula responds to drought, salt, and cold stress. We also discuss future research that need to be explored to improve the abiotic tolerance of legume plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Hai Lu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Tianzuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhao X, Wang R, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yue Y, Zhou T, Wang C. Comprehensive analysis of the stress associated protein (SAP) gene family in Tamarix hispida and the function of ThSAP6 in salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:1-9. [PMID: 34029940 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress associated proteins (SAPs), a class of A20/AN1 zinc finger domain-containing proteins, are involved in a variety of biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. However, little is known about the SAP gene family and their functions in Tamarix hispida. In this study, we isolated and characterized 11 SAPs from T. hispida. The expression patterns of ThSAPs were analyzed under various stresses (salt and drought) and phytohormone treatment (SA, ABA and MeJA) using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Most ThSAPs exhibited transcriptional responses to abiotic stresses and phytohormones. Among these ThSAPs, ThSAP6 was significantly induced by salt stress. Gain-and loss-of-function analyses revealed that ThSAP6 was a positive regulator of salt stress response. Overexpression of ThSAP6 in T. hispida increased antioxidant enzymes activity and proline content and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cell membrane damage under salt stress, while the opposite physiological changes were observed in ThSAP6-RNAi (RNA interference) lines. This study provides a comprehensive description of the SAP gene family in T. hispida, and demonstrates that ThSAP6 is a potential candidate for biotechnological approaches to improve salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Tianchang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Li W, Wang Y, Li R, Chang X, Yuan X, Jing R. Cloning and Characterization of TaSAP7-A, a Member of the Stress-Associated Protein Family in Common Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:609351. [PMID: 33828570 PMCID: PMC8020846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.609351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress association proteins (SAPs) are A20/AN1 zinc-finger domain proteins, which play important roles in plant adaptation to abiotic stress and plant development. The functions of SAPs in some plants were reported, but little is known about it in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this study, we characterized a novel 2AN1-type stress association protein gene TaSAP7-A, which was mapped to chromosome 5A in wheat. Subcellular localization indicated that TaSAP7-A was distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Unlike previously known A20/AN1-type SAP genes, TaSAP7-A was negatively regulated to abiotic stress tolerance. Overexpressing TaSAP7-A Arabidopsis lines were hypersensitive to ABA, osmotic and salt stress at germination stage and post-germination stage. Overexpression of TaSAP7-A Arabidopsis plants accelerated the detached leaves' chlorophyll degradation. Association analysis of TaSAP7-A haplotypes and agronomic traits showed that Hap-5A-2 was significantly associated with higher chlorophyll content at jointing stage and grain-filling stage. These results jointly revealed that TaSAP7-A is related to the chlorophyll content in the leaves of Arabidopsis and wheat. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that TaSAP7-A interacted with TaS10B, which was the component of regulatory subunit in 26S proteasome. In general, TaSAP7-A was a regulator of chlorophyll content, and favorable haplotypes should be helpful for improving plant chlorophyll content and grain yield of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yixue Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaoping Chang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ben Saad R, Farhat-Khemekhem A, Ben Halima N, Ben Hamed K, Brini F, Saibi W. The LmSAP gene isolated from the halotolerant Lobularia maritima improves salt and ionic tolerance in transgenic tobacco lines. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:378-391. [PMID: 32290960 DOI: 10.1071/fp17202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The A20/AN1 zinc-finger domain-containing proteins of the stress-associated proteins (SAPs) family are fast emerging as potential candidates for biotechnological approaches to improve abiotic stress tolerance in plants. We identified LmSAP, one of the SAPs genes in Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv., a halophyte brassicaceae, through its transcript accumulation in response to salinity and ionic stresses. Sequence homology analysis revealed that LmSAP contains two conserved zinc-finger domains A20 and AN1. Phylogeny analyses showed that LmSAP exhibited high amino acid sequence identity to other plant SAPs. Heterologous expression of LmSAP in yeast increased cell tolerance to salt and osmotic stress. In addition, the overexpression of LmSAP conferred high salt and ionic tolerance to transgenic tobacco plants. Transgenic tobacco seedlings showed higher survival rates and antioxidant activities under salt and ionic stresses. Enhanced antioxidant activities paralleled lower malondialdehyde and superoxide anion O2- levels in the LmSAP transgenic seedlings. Overall, our results suggest that overexpression of LmSAP enhanced salt tolerance by maintaining ionic balance and limiting oxidative and osmotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Ben Saad
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P '1177', 3018, Sfax - Tunisia
| | - Ameny Farhat-Khemekhem
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Biomolecules, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P 1177, 3018, Sfax - Tunisia
| | - Nihed Ben Halima
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P '1177', 3018, Sfax - Tunisia
| | - Karim Ben Hamed
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, PO Box 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Faical Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P '1177', 3018, Sfax - Tunisia
| | - Walid Saibi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P '1177', 3018, Sfax - Tunisia
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Ahanger MA, Akram NA, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L, Ahmad P. Plant responses to environmental stresses-from gene to biotechnology. AOB PLANTS 2017; 9:plx025. [PMID: 28775828 PMCID: PMC5534019 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plx025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global population, urbanization and industrialization are increasing the rate of conversion of arable land into wasteland. Supplying food to an ever-increasing population is one of the biggest challenges that agriculturalists and plant scientists are currently confronting. Environmental stresses make this situation even graver. Despite the induction of several tolerance mechanisms, sensitive plants often fail to survive under environmental extremes. New technological approaches are imperative. Conventional breeding methods have a limited potential to improve plant genomes against environmental stress. Recently, genetic engineering has contributed enormously to the development of genetically modified varieties of different crops such as cotton, maize, rice, canola and soybean. The identification of stress-responsive genes and their subsequent introgression or overexpression within sensitive crop species are now being widely carried out by plant scientists. Engineering of important tolerance pathways, like antioxidant enzymes, osmolyte accumulation, membrane-localized transporters for efficient compartmentation of deleterious ions and accumulation of essential elements and resistance against pests or pathogens is also an area that has been intensively researched. In this review, the role of biotechnology and its successes, prospects and challenges in developing stress-tolerant crop cultivars are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nudrat Aisha Akram
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Pakistan Science Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Leonard Wijaya
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190001, India
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Liu J, Yang X, Yang X, Xu M, Liu J, Xue M, Ma P. Isolation and characterization of LcSAP, a Leymus chinensis gene which enhances the salinity tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 44:5-9. [PMID: 27853974 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4091-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A number of members of the SAP ("stress-associated protein") gene family have been implicated in the plant stress response. Here, a SAP gene has been isolated using PCR RACE from the perennial grass Leymus chinensis, a species which has reputation for ecological adaptability. The 17.6 kDa LcSAP product comprised 161 residues, including both an A20 domain and an AN1 domain, a feature of type I SAPs. Using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay to profile its transcription, it was shown that LcSAP was more strongly transcribed in the leaf than in the root under control conditions. The level of LcSAP transcription began to rise 6 h after the plant's exposure to 400 mM NaCl, and the abundance of transcript remained stable for at least 24 h. Exposing the plant to 100 mM Na2CO3 also induced LcSAP transcription, but the abundance of SAP transcript faded after 6 h. When LcSAP was introduced into yeast cells, the transgenic cells grew better than wild type ones when the medium contained 1.4 M NaCl. The ability of LcSAP to respond to salinity stress in yeast suggests that it also makes a contribution to the stress tolerance shown by L. chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangna Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhe Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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Kang Y, Li M, Sinharoy S, Verdier J. A Snapshot of Functional Genetic Studies in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1175. [PMID: 27555857 PMCID: PMC4977297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the current context of food security, increase of plant protein production in a sustainable manner represents one of the major challenges of agronomic research, which could be partially resolved by increased cultivation of legume crops. Medicago truncatula is now a well-established model for legume genomic and genetic studies. With the establishment of genomics tools and mutant populations in M. truncatula, it has become an important resource to answer some of the basic biological questions related to plant development and stress tolerance. This review has an objective to overview a decade of genetic studies in this model plant from generation of mutant populations to nowadays. To date, the three biological fields, which have been extensively studied in M. truncatula, are the symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the seed development, and the abiotic stress tolerance, due to their significant agronomic impacts. In this review, we summarize functional genetic studies related to these three major biological fields. We integrated analyses of a nearly exhaustive list of genes into their biological contexts in order to provide an overview of the forefront research advances in this important legume model plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kang
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationArdmore, OK, USA
| | - Minguye Li
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- Shanghai Plant Stress Center, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Senjuti Sinharoy
- Department of Biotechnology, University of CalcuttaCalcutta, India
| | - Jerome Verdier
- Shanghai Plant Stress Center, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jerome Verdier
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Lavania D, Dhingra A, Siddiqui MH, Al-Whaibi MH, Grover A. Current status of the production of high temperature tolerant transgenic crops for cultivation in warmer climates. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 86:100-108. [PMID: 25438142 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is resulting in heightened incidences of plant heat stress episodes. Production of transgenic crops with enhanced heat stress tolerance is a highly desired agronomic trait for the sustainability of food production in 21st century. We review the current status of our understanding of the high temperature stress response of plants. We specifically deliberate on the progress made in altering levels of heat shock proteins (Hsp100, Hsp70/Hsp40 and sHsps), heat shock factors and specific metabolic proteins in improving plant tolerance to heat stress by transgenic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Lavania
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Anuradha Dhingra
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed H Al-Whaibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Anil Grover
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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