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Farvardin A, González-Hernández AI, Llorens E, Camañes G, Scalschi L, Vicedo B. The Dual Role of Antimicrobial Proteins and Peptides: Exploring Their Direct Impact and Plant Defense-Enhancing Abilities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2059. [PMID: 39124177 PMCID: PMC11314357 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants face numerous environmental stresses that hinder their growth and productivity, including biotic agents, such as herbivores and parasitic microorganisms, as well as abiotic factors, such as cold, drought, salinity, and high temperature. To counter these challenges, plants have developed a range of defense strategies. Among these, plant antimicrobial proteins and peptides (APPs) have emerged as a promising solution. Due to their broad-spectrum activity, structural stability, and diverse mechanisms of action, APPs serve as powerful tools to complement and enhance conventional agricultural methods, significantly boosting plant defense and productivity. This review focuses on different studies on APPs, emphasizing their crucial role in combating plant pathogens and enhancing plant resilience against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Beginning with in vitro studies, we explore how APPs combat various plant pathogens. We then delve into the defense mechanisms triggered by APPs against biotic stress, showcasing their effectiveness against bacterial and fungal diseases. Additionally, we highlight the role of APPs in mitigating the abiotic challenges associated with climatic change. Finally, we discuss the current applications of APPs in agriculture, emphasizing their potential for sustainable agricultural practices and the need for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Farvardin
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain; (A.F.); (G.C.); (B.V.)
| | | | - Eugenio Llorens
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain; (A.F.); (G.C.); (B.V.)
| | - Gemma Camañes
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain; (A.F.); (G.C.); (B.V.)
| | - Loredana Scalschi
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain; (A.F.); (G.C.); (B.V.)
| | - Begonya Vicedo
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain; (A.F.); (G.C.); (B.V.)
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Satchanska G, Davidova S, Gergova A. Diversity and Mechanisms of Action of Plant, Animal, and Human Antimicrobial Peptides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:202. [PMID: 38534637 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are usually made up of fewer than 100 amino acid residues. They are found in many living organisms and are an important factor in those organisms' innate immune systems. AMPs can be extracted from various living sources, including bacteria, plants, animals, and even humans. They are usually cationic peptides with an amphiphilic structure, which allows them to easily bind and interact with the cellular membranes of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens. They can act against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens and have various modes of action against them. Some attack the pathogens' membranes, while others target their intracellular organelles, as well as their nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolic pathways. A crucial area of AMP use is related to their ability to help with emerging antibiotic resistance: some AMPs are active against resistant strains and are susceptible to peptide engineering. This review considers AMPs from three key sources-plants, animals, and humans-as well as their modes of action and some AMP sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Satchanska
- BioLaboratory-MF-NBU, Department of Natural Sciences, New Bulgarian University, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Slavena Davidova
- BioLaboratory-MF-NBU, Department of Natural Sciences, New Bulgarian University, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexandra Gergova
- BioLaboratory-MF-NBU, Department of Natural Sciences, New Bulgarian University, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Yadav P, Sharma K, Tiwari N, Saxena G, Asif MH, Singh S, Kumar M. Comprehensive transcriptome analyses of Fusarium-infected root xylem tissues to decipher genes involved in chickpea wilt resistance. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:390. [PMID: 37942053 PMCID: PMC10630269 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt is the most destructive soil-borne disease that poses a major threat to chickpea production. To comprehensively understand the interaction between chickpea and Fusarium oxysporum, the xylem-specific transcriptome analysis of wilt-resistant (WR315) and wilt-susceptible (JG62) genotypes at an early timepoint (4DPI) was investigated. Differential expression analysis showed that 1368 and 348 DEGs responded to pathogen infection in resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. Both genotypes showed transcriptional reprogramming in response to Foc2, but the responses in WR315 were more severe than in JG62. Results of the KEGG pathway analysis revealed that most of the DEGS in both genotypes with enrichment in metabolic pathways, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and carbon metabolism. Genes associated with defense-related metabolites synthesis such as thaumatin-like protein 1b, cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinases, MLP-like proteins, polygalacturonase inhibitor 2-like, ethylene-responsive transcription factors, glycine-rich cell wall structural protein-like, beta-galactosidase-like, subtilisin-like protease, thioredoxin-like protein, chitin elicitor receptor kinase-like, proline transporter-like, non-specific lipid transfer protein and sugar transporter were mostly up-regulated in resistant as compared to susceptible genotypes. The results of this study provide disease resistance genes, which would be helpful in understanding the Foc resistance mechanism in chickpea. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03803-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Yadav
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Kritika Sharma
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Nikita Tiwari
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Garima Saxena
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Mehar H. Asif
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Swati Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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4
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Bouteraa MT, Ben Romdhane W, Baazaoui N, Alfaifi MY, Chouaibi Y, Ben Akacha B, Ben Hsouna A, Kačániová M, Ćavar Zeljković S, Garzoli S, Ben Saad R. GASA Proteins: Review of Their Functions in Plant Environmental Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2045. [PMID: 37653962 PMCID: PMC10223810 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) gene family is a class of functional cysteine-rich proteins characterized by an N-terminal signal peptide and a C-terminal-conserved GASA domain with 12 invariant cysteine (Cys) residues. GASA proteins are widely distributed among plant species, and the majority of them are involved in the signal transmission of plant hormones, the regulation of plant development and growth, and the responses to different environmental constraints. To date, their action mechanisms are not completely elucidated. This review reports an overview of the diversity, structure, and subcellular localization of GASA proteins, their involvement in hormone crosstalk and redox regulation during development, and plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Knowledge of this complex regulation can be a contribution to promoting multiple abiotic stress tolerance with potential agricultural applications through the engineering of genes encoding GASA proteins and the production of transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Taieb Bouteraa
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, B.P “1177”, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte UR13ES47, University of Carthage, BP W, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Walid Ben Romdhane
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Narjes Baazaoui
- Biology Department, College of Sciences and Arts Muhayil Assir, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosra Chouaibi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, B.P “1177”, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Bouthaina Ben Akacha
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, B.P “1177”, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Anis Ben Hsouna
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, B.P “1177”, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Nutrition, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Mahdia, University of Monastir, Mahdia 5100, Tunisia
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St, 35601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rania Ben Saad
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, B.P “1177”, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
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Bakare OO, Gokul A, Fadaka AO, Wu R, Niekerk LA, Barker AM, Keyster M, Klein A. Plant Antimicrobial Peptides (PAMPs): Features, Applications, Production, Expression, and Challenges. Molecules 2022; 27:3703. [PMID: 35744828 PMCID: PMC9229691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for an extraordinary array of defense strategies is imperative to reduce the challenges of microbial attacks on plants and animals. Plant antimicrobial peptides (PAMPs) are a subset of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). PAMPs elicit defense against microbial attacks and prevent drug resistance of pathogens given their wide spectrum activity, excellent structural stability, and diverse mechanism of action. This review aimed to identify the applications, features, production, expression, and challenges of PAMPs using its structure-activity relationship. The discovery techniques used to identify these peptides were also explored to provide insight into their significance in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and their expression against disease-causing pathogens. This review creates awareness for PAMPs as potential therapeutic agents in the medical and pharmaceutical fields, such as the sensitive treatment of bacterial and fungal diseases and others and their utilization in preserving crops using available transgenic methods in the agronomical field. PAMPs are also safe to handle and are easy to recycle with the use of proteases to convert them into more potent antimicrobial agents for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan Olanrewaju Bakare
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.); (A.M.B.); (M.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu 121001, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Arun Gokul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of the Free State, Phuthadithjaba 9866, South Africa;
| | - Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Bio labels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Ruomou Wu
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.); (A.M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.); (A.M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Adele Mariska Barker
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.); (A.M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.); (A.M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Wink M. Current Understanding of Modes of Action of Multicomponent Bioactive Phytochemicals: Potential for Nutraceuticals and Antimicrobials. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2022; 13:337-359. [PMID: 35333591 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-052720-100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plants produce a diversity of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs), which function as defense chemicals against herbivores and microorganisms but also as signal compounds. An individual plant produces and accumulates mixtures of PSMs with different structural features using different biosynthetic pathways. Almost all PSMs exert one or several biological activities that can be useful for nutrition and health. This review discusses the modes of action of PSMs alone and in combinations. In a mixture, most individual PSMs can modulate different molecular targets; they are thus multitarget drugs. In an extract with many multitarget chemicals, additive and synergistic effects occur. Experiments with the model system Caenorhabditis elegans show that polyphenols and carotenoids can function as powerful antioxidative and longevity-promoting PSMs. PSMs of food plants and spices often exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which can be beneficial for health and the prevention of diseases. Some extracts from food plants and spices with bioactive PSMs have potential for nutraceuticals and antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany;
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7
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Sun Z, Zang Y, Zhou L, Song Y, Chen D, Zhang Q, Liu C, Yi Y, Zhu B, Fu D, Zhu H, Qu G. A tomato receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, SlZRK1, acts as a negative regulator in wound-induced jasmonic acid accumulation and insect resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:7285-7300. [PMID: 34309647 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates accumulate rapidly and act as key regulators in response to mechanical wounding, but few studies have linked receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) to wound-induced jasmonic acid (JA) signaling cascades. Here, we identified a novel wounding-induced RLCK-XII-2 subfamily member (SlZRK1) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) that was closely related to Arabidopsis HOPZ-ETI-DEFICIENT 1 (ZED1)-related kinases 1 based on phylogenetic analysis. SlZRK1 was targeted to the plasma membrane of tobacco mesophyll protoplasts as determined by transient co-expression with the plasma membrane marker mCherry-H+-ATPase. Catalytic residue sequence analysis and an in vitro kinase assay indicated that SlZRK1 may act as a pseudokinase. To further analyse the function of SlZRK1, we developed two stable knock-out mutants by CRISPR/Cas9. Loss of SlZRK1 significantly altered the expression of genes involved in JA biosynthesis, salicylic acid biosynthesis, and ethylene response. Furthermore, after mechanical wounding treatment, slzrk1 mutants increased transcription of early wound-inducible genes involved in JA biosynthesis and signaling. In addition, JA accumulation after wounding and plant resistance to herbivorous insects also were enhanced. Our findings expand plant regulatory networks in the wound-induced JA production by adding RLCKs as a new component in the wound signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyan Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yudi Zang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Zhou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Song
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoli Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxia Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuetong Yi
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Daqi Fu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guiqin Qu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Chen B, Sun Y, Tian Z, Fu G, Pei X, Pan Z, Nazir MF, Song S, Li H, Wang X, Qin N, Shang J, Miao Y, He S, Du X. GhGASA10-1 promotes the cell elongation in fiber development through the phytohormones IAA-induced. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:448. [PMID: 34615467 PMCID: PMC8493757 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton is an important cash crop. The fiber length has always been a hot spot, but multi-factor control of fiber quality makes it complex to understand its genetic basis. Previous reports suggested that OsGASR9 promotes germination, width, and thickness by GAs in rice, while the overexpression of AtGASA10 leads to reduced silique length, which is likely to reduce cell wall expansion. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the function of GhGASA10 in cotton fibers development. RESULTS To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying fiber elongation regulation concerning GhGASA10-1, we revealed an evolutionary basis, gene structure, and expression. Our results emphasized the conservative nature of GASA family with its origin in lower fern plants S. moellendorffii. GhGASA10-1 was localized in the cell membrane, which may synthesize and transport secreted proteins to the cell wall. Besides, GhGASA10-1 promoted seedling germination and root extension in transgenic Arabidopsis, indicating that GhGASA10-1 promotes cell elongation. Interestingly, GhGASA10-1 was upregulated by IAA at fiber elongation stages. CONCLUSION We propose that GhGASA10-1 may promote fiber elongation by regulating the synthesis of cellulose induced by IAA, to lay the foundation for future research on the regulation networks of GASA10-1 in cotton fiber development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Chen
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Street, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zailong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Street, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Guoyong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Xinxin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Zhaoe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Mian Faisal Nazir
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Hongge Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Ning Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Jiandong Shang
- National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Street, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shoupu He
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China.
| | - Xiongming Du
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 455000, Anyang, China.
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9
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López WR, Garcia-Jaramillo DJ, Ceballos-Aguirre N, Castaño-Zapata J, Acuña-Zornosa R, Jovel J. Transcriptional responses to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder & Hansen infection in three Colombian tomato cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:412. [PMID: 34496757 PMCID: PMC8425103 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is a compendium of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungal strains. Pathogenic strains may cause vascular wilt disease and produce considerable losses in commercial tomato plots. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms mediating resistance to Fol in tomato, the aim of our study was to characterize the transcriptional response of three cultivars (CT1, CT2 and IAC391) to a pathogenic (Fol-pt) and a non-pathogenic (Fo-npt) strain of Fo. RESULTS All cultivars exhibited differentially expressed genes in response to each strain of the fungus at 36 h post-inoculation. For the pathogenic strain, CT1 deployed an apparent active defense response that included upregulation of WRKY transcription factors, an extracellular chitinase, and terpenoid-related genes, among others. In IAC391, differentially expressed genes included upregulated but mostly downregulated genes. Upregulated genes mapped to ethylene regulation, pathogenesis regulation and transcription regulation, while downregulated genes potentially impacted defense responses, lipid transport and metal ion binding. Finally, CT2 exhibited mostly downregulated genes upon Fol-pt infection. This included genes involved in transcription regulation, defense responses, and metal ion binding. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that CT1 mounts a defense response against Fol-pt. IAC391 exhibits an intermediate phenotype whereby some defense response genes are activated, and others are suppressed. Finally, the transcriptional profile in the CT2 hints towards lower levels of resistance. Fo-npt also induced transcriptional changes in all cultivars, but to a lesser extent. Results of this study will support genetic breeding programs currently underway in the zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Ricardo López
- Departamento de Física y Química. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Garcia-Jaramillo
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Nelson Ceballos-Aguirre
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
| | - Jairo Castaño-Zapata
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas. Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Acuña-Zornosa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Juan Jovel
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
- Research Office. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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10
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Antimicrobial Peptides from Plants: A cDNA-Library Based Isolation, Purification, Characterization Approach and Elucidating Their Modes of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168712. [PMID: 34445412 PMCID: PMC8395713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in a natural ecosystem, plants are continuously threatened by various microbial diseases. To save themselves from these diverse infections, plants build a robust, multilayered immune system through their natural chemical compounds. Among the several crucial bioactive compounds possessed by plants’ immune systems, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) rank in the first tier. These AMPs are environmentally friendly, anti-pathogenic, and do not bring harm to humans. Antimicrobial peptides can be isolated in several ways, but recombinant protein production has become increasingly popular in recent years, with the Escherichia coli expression system being the most widely used. However, the efficacy of this expression system is compromised due to the difficulty of removing endotoxin from its system. Therefore, this review suggests a high-throughput cDNA library-based plant-derived AMP isolation technique using the Bacillus subtilis expression system. This method can be performed for large-scale screening of plant sources to classify unique or homologous AMPs for the agronomic and applied field of plant studies. Furthermore, this review also focuses on the efficacy of plant AMPs, which are dependent on their numerous modes of action and exceptional structural stability to function against a wide range of invaders. To conclude, the findings from this study will be useful in investigating how novel AMPs are distributed among plants and provide detailed guidelines for an effective screening strategy of AMPs.
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Cavaco AR, Matos AR, Figueiredo A. Speaking the language of lipids: the cross-talk between plants and pathogens in defence and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4399-4415. [PMID: 33638652 PMCID: PMC11073031 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipids and fatty acids play crucial roles in plant immunity, which have been highlighted over the past few decades. An increasing number of studies have shown that these molecules are pivotal in the interactions between plants and their diverse pathogens. The roles played by plant lipids fit in a wide spectrum ranging from the first physical barrier encountered by the pathogens, the cuticle, to the signalling pathways that trigger different immune responses and expression of defence-related genes, mediated by several lipid molecules. Moreover, lipids have been arising as candidate biomarkers of resistance or susceptibility to different pathogens. Studies on the apoplast and extracellular vesicles have been highlighting the possible role of lipids in the intercellular communication and the establishment of systemic acquired resistance during plant-pathogen interactions. From the pathogen perspective, lipid metabolism and specific lipid molecules play pivotal roles in the pathogen's life cycle completion, being crucial during recognition by the plant and evasion from the host immune system, therefore potentiating infection. Studies conducted in the last years have contributed to a better understanding of the language of lipids during the cross-talk between plants and pathogens. However, it is essential to continue exploring the knowledge brought up to light by transcriptomics and proteomics studies towards the elucidation of lipid signalling processes during defence and disease. In this review, we present an updated overview on lipids associated to plant-pathogen interactions, exploiting their roles from the two sides of this battle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Cavaco
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Matos
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Saikia B, Debbarma J, Maharana J, Singha DL, Velmuruagan N, Dekaboruah H, Arunkumar KP, Chikkaputtaiah C. SlHyPRP1 and DEA1, the multiple stress responsive eight-cysteine motif family genes of tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) are expressed tissue specifically, localize and interact at cytoplasm and plasma membrane in vivo. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:2553-2568. [PMID: 33424164 PMCID: PMC7772121 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00913-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Owing to rapid global climate change, the occurrence of multiple abiotic stresses is known to influence the outburst of biotic stress factors which affects crop productivity. Therefore, it is essential to understand the molecular and cell biology of key genes associated with multiple stress responses in crop plants. SlHyPRP1 and DEA1, the members of eight-cysteine motif (8CM) family genes have been recently identified as putative regulators of multiple stress responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). In order to gain deeper insight into cell and molecular biology of SlHyPRP1 and DEA1, we performed their expression analysis in three tomato cultivars and in vivo cell biological analysis. The semi-quantitative PCR and qRT-PCR results showed the higher expression of SlHyPRP1 and DEA1 in leaf, stem, flower and root tissues as compared to fruit and seed tissues in all three cultivars. The expression levels of SlHyPRP1 and DEA1 were found to be relatively higher in a wilt susceptible tomato cultivar (Arka Vikas) than a multiple disease resistant cultivar (Arka Abhed). In vivo cell biological analysis through Gateway cloning and Bi-FC assay revealed the predominant sub-cellular localization and strong protein-protein interaction of SlHyPRP1 and DEA1 at the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Moreover, SlHyPRP1 showed in vivo interaction with stress responsive proteins WRKY3 and MST1. Our findings suggest that SlHyPRP1 with DEA1 are co-expressed with tissue specificity and might function together by association with WRKY3 and MST1 in plasma membrane for regulating multiple stress responses in the tomato plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banashree Saikia
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785 006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Johni Debbarma
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785 006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Jitendra Maharana
- Distributed Information Centre (DIC), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam India
- Present Address: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Dhanawantari L. Singha
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785 006 India
| | - Natarajan Velmuruagan
- Biological Sciences Division, Branch Laboratory-Itanagar, CSIR-NEIST, Arunachal Pradesh, Naharlagun, 791 110 India
| | - Hariprasanna Dekaboruah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785 006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Kallare P. Arunkumar
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute (CMER&TI), Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, Assam, 785 700 India
| | - Channakeshavaiah Chikkaputtaiah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785 006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
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Zhang R, Wang Y, Li S, Yang L, Liang Z. ABA signaling pathway genes and function during abiotic stress and berry ripening in Vitis vinifera. Gene 2020; 769:145226. [PMID: 33059024 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles in plant development and tolerance to abiotic stresses. Limited information is available regarding ABA signaling pathway genes in grape. In this study, 9 VvPYR/PYLs, 85 VvPP2Cs, 7 VvABIs, 7 VvSnRK2s, and 8 VvABFs were identified in the grape genome. Duplication analysis indicated that whole genome duplication might contribute to the expansion of these gene families. The comprehensive transcriptome analysis in various organs/tissues implied that most of these genes were tissue-specific, and few were environment-specific genes. Exogenous ABA treatment reduced the grape maturation period. VvPP2C59, VvPP2C60, VvPP2C66, and VvABF8 were all involved in tolerance to cold, heat, and drought stresses, revealing their crucial roles in regulating environmental stress responses. This work provides detailed information of ABA signaling pathway genes and new insights regarding their expression patterns during grape development and abiotic stress treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Agricultural Big-Data Research Center and College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Long Yang
- Agricultural Big-Data Research Center and College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Srivastava S, Dashora K, Ameta KL, Singh NP, El-Enshasy HA, Pagano MC, Hesham AEL, Sharma GD, Sharma M, Bhargava A. Cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides from plants: The future of antimicrobial therapy. Phytother Res 2020; 35:256-277. [PMID: 32940412 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There has been a spurt in the spread of microbial resistance to antibiotics due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents in human medicine, agriculture, and animal husbandry. It has been realized that conventional antibiotic therapy would be less effective in the coming decades and more emphasis should be given for the development of novel antiinfective therapies. Cysteine rich peptides (CRPs) are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that modulate the innate immune system of different life forms such as bacteria, protozoans, fungi, plants, insects, and animals. These are also expressed in several plant tissues in response to invasion by pathogens, and play a crucial role in the regulation of plant growth and development. The present work explores the importance of CRPs as potent antimicrobial agents, which can supplement and/or replace the conventional antibiotics. Different plant parts of diverse plant species showed the presence of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which had significant structural and functional diversity. The plant-derived AMPs exhibited potent activity toward a range of plant and animal pathogens, protozoans, insects, and even against cancer cells. The cysteine-rich AMPs have opened new avenues for the use of plants as biofactories for the production of antimicrobials and can be considered as promising antimicrobial drugs in biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Kavya Dashora
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Keshav Lalit Ameta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Hesham Ali El-Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.,City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Food Technology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India
| | - Atul Bhargava
- Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, India
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Hormhuan P, Viboonjun U, Sojikul P, Narangajavana J. Enhancing of anthracnose disease resistance indicates a potential role of antimicrobial peptide genes in cassava. Genetica 2020; 148:135-148. [PMID: 32654093 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-020-00097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) is an important economic crop in tropical countries. Demands for using cassava in food, feed and biofuel industries have been increasing worldwide. Cassava anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f.sp. manihotis (CAD), is considered a major problem in cassava production. To minimize the effects of such disease, this study investigated the response of cassava to attack by CAD and how the plants defend themselves against this threat. Genome-wide identification of antimicrobial peptide genes (AMPs) and their expression in response to fungal infection was performed in the resistant cassava cultivar (Huay Bong 60; HB60) in comparison with the highly susceptible cultivar (Hanatee; HN). A total of 114 gene members of AMP were identified in the cassava genome database. Fifty-six gene members were selected for phylogenetic tree construction and analysis of putative cis-acting elements in their promoter regions. Differential expression profiles of six candidate genes were observed in response to CAD infection of both cassava cultivars. Upregulation of snakins, MeSN1 and MeSN2 was found in HB60, whereas MeHEL, Me-AMP-D2 and MeLTP2 were highly induced in HN. The MeLTP1 gene was not expressed in either cultivar. HB60 showed a reduced severity rating in comparison to HN after CAD infection. The biomembrane permeability test of fungal CAD was strongly affected after treatment with protein extract derived from CAD-infected HB60. Altogether, these findings suggest that snakins have a potential function in the CAD defense response in cassava. These results could be useful for cassava improvement programs to fight fungal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattaraporn Hormhuan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Unchera Viboonjun
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Punchapat Sojikul
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jarunya Narangajavana
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand.
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Istomina EA, Slezina MP, Kovtun AS, Odintsova TI. In Silico Identification of Gene Families Encoding Cysteine-Rich Peptides in Solanum lycopersicum L. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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The Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium cupreum Regulates Expression of Genes Involved in the Tolerance to Metals and Plant Growth Promotion in Eucalyptus globulus Roots. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7110490. [PMID: 31717780 PMCID: PMC6920756 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endophytic strain Chaetomium cupreum isolated from metal-contaminated soil was inoculated in Eucalyptus globulus roots to identify genes involved in metal stress response and plant growth promotion. We analyzed the transcriptome of E. globulus roots inoculated with C. cupreum. De novo sequencing, assembly, and analysis were performed to identify molecular mechanisms involved in metal stress tolerance and plant growth promotion. A total of 393,371,743 paired-end reads were assembled into 135,155 putative transcripts. It was found that 663 genes significantly changed their expression in the presence of treatment, of which 369 were up-regulated and 294 were down-regulated. We found differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding metal transporters, transcription factors, stress and defense response proteins, as well as DEGs involved in auxin biosynthesis and metabolism. Our results showed that the inoculation of C. cupreum enhanced tolerance to metals and growth promotion on E. globulus. This study provides new information to understand molecular mechanisms involved in plant–microbe interactions under metals stress.
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Halder T, Upadhyaya G, Roy S, Biswas R, Das A, Bagchi A, Agarwal T, Ray S. Glycine rich proline rich protein from Sorghum bicolor serves as an antimicrobial protein implicated in plant defense response. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 101:95-112. [PMID: 31236845 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Sorghum glycine rich proline rich protein (SbGPRP1) exhibit antimicrobial properties and play a crucial role during biotic stress condition. Several proteins in plants build up the innate immune response system in plants which get triggered during the occurrence of biotic stress. Here we report the functional characterization of a glycine-rich proline-rich protein (SbGPRP1) from Sorghum which was previously demonstrated to be involved in abiotic stresses. Expression studies carried out with SbGPRP1 showed induced expression upon application of phytohormones like salicylic acid which might be the key in fine-tuning the expression level. Upon challenging the Sorghum plants with a compatible pathogen the SbGprp1 transcript was found to be upregulated. SbGPRP1 encodes a 197 amino acid polypeptide which was bacterially-expressed and purified for in vitro assays. Gram-positive bacteria like Bacillus and phytopathogen Rhodococcus fascians showed inhibited growth in the presence of the protein. The NPN assay, electrolytic leakage and SEM analysis showed membrane damage in bacterial cells. Ectopic expression of SbGPRP1 in tobacco plants led to enhanced tolerance towards infection caused by R. fascians. Though the N-terminal part of the protein showed disorderness the C-terminal end was quite capable of forming several α-helices which was correlated with CD spectroscopic analysis. Here, we have tried to determine the structural model for the protein and predicted the association of antimicrobial activity with the C-terminal region of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Halder
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Shuddhanjali Roy
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Ria Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Arup Das
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Angshuman Bagchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Tanushree Agarwal
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India.
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Finkina EI, Melnikova DN, Bogdanov IV, Ovchinnikova TV. Peptides of the Innate Immune System of Plants. Part II. Biosynthesis, Biological Functions, and Possible Practical Applications. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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da Silva HAP, Caetano VS, Pessoa DDV, Pacheco RS, Simoes-Araujo JL. Molecular and biochemical changes of aging-induced nodules senescence in common bean. Symbiosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-019-00618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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A structural perspective of plant antimicrobial peptides. Biochem J 2018; 475:3359-3375. [PMID: 30413680 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Among the numerous strategies plants have developed to fend off enemy attack, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stand out as one of the most prominent defensive barriers that grant direct and durable resistance against a wide range of pests and pathogens. These small proteins are characterized by a compact structure and an overall positive charge. AMPs have an ancient origin and widespread occurrence in the plant kingdom but show an unusually high degree of variation in their amino acid sequences. Interestingly, there is a strikingly conserved topology among the plant AMP families, suggesting that the defensive properties of these peptides are not determined by their primary sequences but rather by their tridimensional structure. To explore and expand this idea, we here discuss the role of AMPs for plant defense from a structural perspective. We show how specific structural properties, such as length, charge, hydrophobicity, polar angle and conformation, are essential for plant AMPs to act as a chemical shield that hinders enemy attack. Knowledge on the topology of these peptides is facilitating the isolation, classification and even structural redesign of AMPs, thus allowing scientists to develop new peptides with multiple agronomical and pharmacological potential.
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22
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Zhao Z, Li Y, Zhao S, Zhang J, Zhang H, Fu B, He F, Zhao M, Liu P. Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns Potentially Associated with Premature Senescence in Nicotiana tabacum L. Molecules 2018; 23:E2856. [PMID: 30400189 PMCID: PMC6278766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence affects the remobilization of nutrients and adaption of the plant to the environment. Combined stresses can result in premature senescence in plants which exist in the field. In this study, transcriptomic analysis was performed on mature leaves and leaves in three stages of premature senescence to understand the molecular mechanism. With progressive premature senescence, a declining chlorophyll (chl) content and an increasing malonaldehyde (MDA) content were observed, while plasmolysis and cell nucleus pyknosis occurred, mitochondria melted, thylakoid lamellae were dilated, starch grains in chloroplast decreased, and osmiophilic granules increased gradually. Moreover, in total 69 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in three stages of premature senescing leaves were found, which were significantly enriched in summarized Gene Ontology (GO) terms of membrane-bounded organelle, regulation of cellular component synthesis and metabolic and biosynthetic processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis suggested that the plant hormone signal transduction pathway was significantly enriched. The common DEGs and four senescence-related pathways, including plant hormone signal transduction, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, and regulation of autophagy were selected to be discussed further. This work aimed to provide potential genes signaling and modulating premature senescence as well as the possible dynamic network of gene expression patterns for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhao
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yifan Li
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Songchao Zhao
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Bo Fu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Fan He
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Pengfei Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Campos ML, de Souza CM, de Oliveira KBS, Dias SC, Franco OL. The role of antimicrobial peptides in plant immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4997-5011. [PMID: 30099553 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Selective pressure imposed by millions of years of relentless biological attack has led to the development of an extraordinary array of defense strategies in plants. Among these, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stand out as one of the most prominent components of the plant immune system. These small and usually basic peptides are deployed as a generalist defense strategy that grants direct and durable resistance against biotic stress. Even though their name implies a function against microbes, the range of plant-associated organisms affected by these peptides is much broader. In this review, we highlight the advances in our understanding on the role of AMPs in plant immunity. We demonstrate that the capacity of plant AMPs to act against a large spectrum of enemies relies on their diverse mechanism of action and remarkable structural stability. The efficacy of AMPs as a defense strategy is evidenced by their widespread occurrence in the plant kingdom, an astonishing heterogeneity in host peptide composition, and the extent to which plant enemies have evolved effective counter-measures to evade AMP action. Plant AMPs are becoming an important topic of research due to their significance in allowing plants to thrive and for their enormous potential in agronomical and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Lattarulo Campos
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Brasilia/DF, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá/MT, Brazil
| | - Camila Maurmann de Souza
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Brasilia/DF, Brazil
| | | | - Simoni Campos Dias
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Brasilia/DF, Brazil
- Universidade de Brasilia, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia/DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Centro de Análises Bioquímicas e Proteômicas, Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Brasilia/DF, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande/MS, Brazil
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Rodríguez-Decuadro S, Barraco-Vega M, Dans PD, Pandolfi V, Benko-Iseppon AM, Cecchetto G. Antimicrobial and structural insights of a new snakin-like peptide isolated from Peltophorum dubium (Fabaceae). Amino Acids 2018; 50:1245-1259. [PMID: 29948342 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Snakins are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) found, so far, exclusively in plants, and known to be important in the defense against a wide range of pathogens. Like other plant AMPs, they contain several positively charged amino acids, and an even number of cysteine residues forming disulfide bridges which are considered important for their usual function. Despite its importance, studies on snakin tertiary structure and mode of action are still scarce. In this study, a new snakin-like gene was isolated from the native plant Peltophorum dubium, and its expression was verified in seedlings and adult leaves. The deduced peptide (PdSN1) shows 84% sequence identity with potato snakin-1 mature peptide, with the 12 cysteines characteristic from this peptide family at the GASA domain. The mature PdSN1 coding sequence was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant peptide inhibits the growth of important plant and human pathogens, like the economically relevant potato pathogen Streptomyces scabies and the opportunistic fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Finally, homology and ab initio modeling techniques coupled to extensive molecular dynamics simulations were used to gain insight on the 3D structure of PdSN1, which exhibited a helix-turn-helix motif conserved in both native and recombinant peptides. We found this motif to be strongly coded in the sequence of PdSN1, as it is stable under different patterns of disulfide bonds connectivity, and even when the 12 cysteines are considered in their reduced form, explaining the previous experimental evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rodríguez-Decuadro
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Garzón 780, 12900, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Barraco-Vega
- Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo D Dans
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Joint BSC-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Biociências, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, PE, CEP 50.670-420, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Biociências, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, PE, CEP 50.670-420, Brazil
| | - Gianna Cecchetto
- Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay. .,Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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High throughput deep sequencing reveals the important roles of microRNAs during sweetpotato storage at chilling temperature. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16578. [PMID: 29185497 PMCID: PMC5707365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweetpotato (Impomoea batatas L.) is a globally important economic food crop with a potential of becoming a bioenergy and pharmaceutical crop. Thus, studying the molecular mechanism of tuberous root development and storage is very important. However, not too much progress has been made in this field. In this study, we employed the next generation high-throughput deep sequencing technology to sequence all small RNAs and degradome of sweetpotato for systematically investigating sweetpotato response to chilling stress during storage. A total of 190 known microRNAs (miRNAs) and 191 novel miRNAs were identified, and 428 transcripts were targeted by 184 identified miRNAs. More importantly, we identified 26 miRNAs differentially expressed between chilling stress and control conditions. The expression of these miRNAs and their targets was also confirmed by qRT-PCR. Integrated analysis of small RNAs and degradome sequencing reveals that miRNA-mediated SA signaling, ABA-dependent, and ROS response pathways are involved in sweetpotato root response to chilling stress during storage.
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Investigation of Antimicrobial Peptide Genes Associated with Fungus and Insect Resistance in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091938. [PMID: 28914754 PMCID: PMC5618587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small defense proteins present in various organisms. Major groups of AMPs include beta-barrelin, hevein, knottin, lipid transfer protein (LTP), thionin, defensin, snakin, and cyclotide. Most plant AMPs involve host plant resistance to pathogens such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria, whereas a few plant AMPs from the cyclotide family carry insecticidal functions. In this research, a genome-wide investigation on antimicrobial peptide genes in maize genome was conducted. AMPs previously identified from various plant species were used as query sequences for maize genome data mining. Thirty-nine new maize AMPs were identified in addition to seven known maize AMPs. Protein sequence analysis revealed 10 distinguishable maize AMP groups. Analysis of mRNA expression of maize AMP genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed different expression patterns in a panel of 10 maize inbred lines. Five maize AMP genes were found significantly associated with insect or fungus resistance. Identification of maize antimicrobial peptide genes will facilitate the breeding of host plant resistance and improve maize production.
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