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Šípošová K, Labancová E, Hačkuličová D, Kollárová K, Vivodová Z. The changes in the maize root cell walls after exogenous application of auxin in the presence of cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:87102-87117. [PMID: 37418187 PMCID: PMC10406670 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a transition metal and hazardous pollutant that has many toxic effects on plants. This heavy metal poses a health risk for both humans and animals. The cell wall is the first structure of a plant cell that is in contact with Cd; therefore, it can change its composition and/or ratio of wall components accordingly. This paper investigates the changes in the anatomy and cell wall architecture of maize (Zea mays L.) roots grown for 10 days in the presence of auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and Cd. The application of IBA in the concentration 10-9 M delayed the development of apoplastic barriers, decreased the content of lignin in the cell wall, increased the content of Ca2+ and phenols, and influenced the composition of monosaccharides in polysaccharide fractions when compared to the Cd treatment. Application of IBA improved the Cd2+ fixation to the cell wall and increased the endogenous concentration of auxin depleted by Cd treatment. The proposed scheme from obtained results may explain the possible mechanisms of the exogenously applied IBA and its effects on the changes in the binding of Cd2+ within the cell wall, and on the stimulation of growth that resulted in the amelioration of Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Šípošová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Labancová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Diana Hačkuličová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karin Kollárová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Vivodová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Svobodníková L, Kummerová M, Zezulka Š, Martinka M, Klemš M, Čáslavský J. Pea root responses under naproxen stress: changes in the formation of structural barriers in the primary root in context with changes of auxin and abscisic acid levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:1-11. [PMID: 36542231 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals belong to pseudo-persistent pollutants because of constant entry into the environment and hazardous potential for non-target organisms, including plants, in which they can influence biochemical and physiological processes. Detailed analysis of results obtained by microscopic observations using fluorescent dyes (berberine hemisulphate, Fluorol Yellow 088), detection of phytohormone levels (radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) and thermogravimetric analysis of lignin content proved that the drug naproxen (NPX) can stimulate the formation of root structural barriers. In the primary root of plants treated with 0.5, 1, and 10 mg/L NPX, earlier Casparian strip formation and development of the whole endodermis circle closer to its apex were found after five days of cultivation (by 9-20% as compared to control) and after ten days from 0.1 mg/L NPX (by 8-63%). Suberin lamellae (SL) were deposited in endodermal cells significantly closer to the apex under 10 mg/L NPX by up to 75%. Structural barrier formation under NPX treatment can be influenced indirectly by auxin-supported cell division and differentiation caused by its eight-times higher level under 10 mg/L NPX and directly by stimulated SL deposition induced by abscisic acid (higher from 0.5 mg/L NPX), as proved by the higher proportion of cells with SL in the primary root base (by 8-44%). The earlier modification of endodermis in plant roots can help to limit the drug transfer and maintain the homeostasis of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Svobodníková
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Kummerová
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Zezulka
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Martinka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Klemš
- Institute of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Čáslavský
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Isotope Analyses, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Šípošová K, Labancová E, Kučerová D, Kollárová K, Vivodová Z. Effects of Exogenous Application of Indole-3-Butyric Acid on Maize Plants Cultivated in the Presence or Absence of Cadmium. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2503. [PMID: 34834862 PMCID: PMC8626039 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Auxins are plant hormones that affect plant growth, development, and improve a plant's tolerance to stress. In this study, we found that the application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) had diverse effects on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.) roots treated without/with Cd. IBA caused changes in the growth and morphology of the roots under non-stress conditions; hence, we were able to select two concentrations of IBA (10-11 M as stimulatory and 10-7 M as inhibitory). IBA in stimulatory concentration did not affect the concentration of H2O2 or the activity of antioxidant enzymes while IBA in inhibitory concentration increased only the concentration of H2O2 (40.6%). The application of IBA also affected the concentrations of mineral nutrients. IBA in stimulatory concentration increased the concentration of N, K, Ca, S, and Zn (5.8-14.8%) and in inhibitory concentration decreased concentration of P, K, Ca, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu (5.5-36.6%). Moreover, IBA in the concentration 10-9 M had the most positive effects on the plants cultivated with Cd. It decreased the concentration of H2O2 (34.3%), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (23.7-36.4%), and increased the concentration of all followed elements, except Mg (5.5-34.1%), when compared to the Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Šípošová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Eva Labancová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.L.); (D.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Danica Kučerová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.L.); (D.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Karin Kollárová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.L.); (D.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Zuzana Vivodová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.L.); (D.K.); (K.K.)
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Hao S, Lu Y, Peng Z, Wang E, Chao L, Zhong S, Yao Y. McMYB4 improves temperature adaptation by regulating phenylpropanoid metabolism and hormone signaling in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:182. [PMID: 34333543 PMCID: PMC8325679 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Temperature changes affect apple development and production. Phenylpropanoid metabolism and hormone signaling play a crucial role in regulating apple growth and development in response to temperature changes. Here, we found that McMYB4 is induced by treatment at 28 °C and 18 °C, and McMYB4 overexpression results in flavonol and lignin accumulation in apple leaves. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) further revealed that McMYB4 targets the promoters of the flavonol biosynthesis genes CHS and FLS and the lignin biosynthesis genes CAD and F5H. McMYB4 expression resulted in higher levels of flavonol and lignin biosynthesis in apple during growth at 28 °C and 18 °C than during growth at 23 °C. At 28 °C and 18 °C, McMYB4 also binds to the AUX/ARF and BRI/BIN promoters to activate gene expression, resulting in acceleration of the auxin and brassinolide signaling pathways. Taken together, our results demonstrate that McMYB4 promotes flavonol biosynthesis and brassinolide signaling, which decreases ROS contents to improve plant resistance and promotes lignin biosynthesis and auxin signaling to regulate plant growth. This study suggests that McMYB4 participates in the abiotic resistance and growth of apple in response to temperature changes by regulating phenylpropanoid metabolism and hormone signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxiao Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Bei Nong Enterprise Management Co. Ltd, Beijing, 102206, China
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yanfen Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Enying Wang
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Linke Chao
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Silin Zhong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
- College of Life Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yuncong Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Khadr A, Wang GL, Wang YH, Zhang RR, Wang XR, Xu ZS, Tian YS, Xiong AS. Effects of auxin (indole-3-butyric acid) on growth characteristics, lignification, and expression profiles of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis in carrot taproot. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10492. [PMID: 33354430 PMCID: PMC7731654 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrot is an important root vegetable crop abundant in bioactive compounds including carotenoids, vitamins, and dietary fibers. Carrot intake and its products are gradually growing owing to its high antioxidant activity. Auxins are a class of plant hormones that control many processes of plant growth and development. Yet, the effects of exogenous application of auxin on lignin biosynthesis and gene expression profiles of lignin-related genes in carrot taproot are still unclear. In order to investigate the effect of exogenous indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on lignin-related gene profiles, lignin accumulation, anatomical structures and morphological characteristics in carrot taproots, carrots were treated with different concentrations of IBA (0, 50, 100, and 150 µM). The results showed that IBA application significantly improved the growth parameters of carrot. The 100 or 150 µM IBA treatment increased the number and area of xylem vessels, whereas transcript levels of lignin-related genes were restricted, resulting in a decline in lignin content in carrot taproots. The results indicate that taproot development and lignin accumulation may be influenced by the auxin levels within carrot plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Khadr
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Guang-Long Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Demecsová L, Zelinová V, Liptáková Ľ, Valentovičová K, Tamás L. Indole-3-butyric acid priming reduced cadmium toxicity in barley root tip via NO generation and enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity. PLANTA 2020; 252:46. [PMID: 32885283 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Activation of GPX and enhanced NO level play a key role in IBA-mediated enhanced Cd tolerance in young barley roots. Application of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or an IAA precursor improves the tolerance of plants to heavy metals. However, the physiology of these tolerance mechanisms remains largely unknown. Therefore, we studied the priming effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), an IAA precursor, on mild and severe cadmium (Cd) stress-induced responses in roots of young barley seedlings. IBA, similarly to mild Cd stress, significantly increased the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in the apexes of barley roots, which remained elevated after the IBA pretreatment as well. IBA pretreatment-evoked high nitric oxide generation in roots effectively reduced the high superoxide level under the severe Cd stress, leading to less toxic peroxynitrite accumulation accompanied by markedly reduced Cd-induced cell death. On the other hand, the IBA-evoked changes in IAA homeostasis resulted in root growth reorientation from longitudinal elongation to radial swelling. However, the application of an IAA signaling inhibitor, following the activation of defense responses by IBA, was able to promote root growth even at high concentrations of Cd. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the application of IBA, as an effective activator of Cd tolerance mechanisms in young barley roots, and the subsequent use of an IAA signaling inhibitor for the inhibition of root morphogenic responses induced by altered auxin metabolism, results in a high degree of root Cd tolerance, helping it to withstand even the transient exposure to lethal Cd concentration without the absolute inhibition of root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loriana Demecsová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Zelinová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubica Liptáková
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarína Valentovičová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ladislav Tamás
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Hou M, Huo Y, Yang X, He Z. Chemical form and subcellular distribution of vanadium in corn seedlings. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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