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Gątarek P, Kałużna-Czaplińska J. Integrated metabolomics and proteomics analysis of plasma lipid metabolism in Parkinson's disease. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:13-25. [PMID: 38346207 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2315193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolomics and proteomics are two growing fields of science which may shed light on the molecular mechanisms that contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Studies focusing on these aspects can reveal specific metabolites and proteins that can halt or reverse the progressive neurodegenerative process leading to dopaminergic cell death in the brain. AREAS COVERED In this article, an overview of the current status of metabolomic and proteomic profiling in the neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease (PD) is presented. We discuss the importance of state-of-the-art metabolomics and proteomics using advanced analytical methodologies and their potential for discovering new biomarkers in PD. We critically review the research to date, highlighting how metabolomics and proteomics can have an important impact on early disease diagnosis, future therapy development and the identification of new biomarkers. Finally, we will discuss interactions between lipids and α-synuclein (SNCA) and also consider the role of SNCA in lipid metabolism. EXPERT OPINION Metabolomic and proteomic studies contribute to understanding the biological basis of PD pathogenesis, identifying potential biomarkers and introducing new therapeutic strategies. The complexity and multifactorial nature of this disease requires a comprehensive approach, which can be achieved by integrating just these two omic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gątarek
- Institute Of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
- CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska
- Institute Of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
- CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
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Corbett J, Young JS, Tipton MJ, Costello JT, Williams TB, Walker EF, Lee BJ, Stevens CE. Molecular biomarkers for assessing the heat-adapted phenotype: a narrative scoping review. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:26. [PMID: 37848829 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Heat acclimation/acclimatisation (HA) mitigates heat-related decrements in physical capacity and heat-illness risk and is a widely advocated countermeasure for individuals operating in hot environments. The efficacy of HA is typically quantified by assessing the thermo-physiological responses to a standard heat acclimation state test (i.e. physiological biomarkers), but this can be logistically challenging, time consuming, and expensive. A valid molecular biomarker of HA would enable evaluation of the heat-adapted state through the sampling and assessment of a biological medium. This narrative review examines candidate molecular biomarkers of HA, highlighting the poor sensitivity and specificity of these candidates and identifying the current lack of a single 'standout' biomarker. It concludes by considering the potential of multivariable approaches that provide information about a range of physiological systems, identifying a number of challenges that must be overcome to develop a valid molecular biomarker of the heat-adapted state, and highlighting future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Corbett
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
| | - J S Young
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington, UK
| | - M J Tipton
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - J T Costello
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - T B Williams
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - E F Walker
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - B J Lee
- Occupational and Environmental Physiology Group, Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - C E Stevens
- Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Sport Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Almalki AH. Recent Analytical Advances for Decoding Metabolic Reprogramming in Lung Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:1037. [PMID: 37887362 PMCID: PMC10609104 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming is a fundamental trait associated with lung cancer development that fuels tumor proliferation and survival. Monitoring such metabolic pathways and their intermediate metabolites can provide new avenues concerning treatment strategies, and the identification of prognostic biomarkers that could be utilized to monitor drug responses in clinical practice. In this review, recent trends in the analytical techniques used for metabolome mapping of lung cancer are capitalized. These techniques include nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and imaging mass spectrometry (MSI). The advantages and limitations of the application of each technique for monitoring the metabolite class or type are also highlighted. Moreover, their potential applications in the analysis of many biological samples will be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiah H. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Health Science Campus, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Nimer RM, Abdel Rahman AM. Recent advances in proteomic-based diagnostics of cystic fibrosis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2023; 20:151-169. [PMID: 37766616 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2023.2258282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease characterized by thick and sticky mucus accumulation, which may harm numerous internal organs. Various variables such as gene modifiers, environmental factors, age of diagnosis, and CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations influence phenotypic disease diversity. Biomarkers that are based on genomic information may not accurately represent the underlying mechanism of the disease as well as its lethal complications. Therefore, recent advancements in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics may provide deep insights into CF mechanisms and cellular functions by examining alterations in the protein expression patterns from various samples of individuals with CF. AREAS COVERED We present current developments in MS-based proteomics, its application, and findings in CF. In addition, the future roles of proteomics in finding diagnostic and prognostic novel biomarkers. EXPERT OPINION Despite significant advances in MS-based proteomics, extensive research in a large cohort for identifying and validating diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers for CF disease is highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refat M Nimer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genome Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Das R, Nag S, Banerjee P. Electrochemical Nanosensors for Sensitization of Sweat Metabolites: From Concept Mapping to Personalized Health Monitoring. Molecules 2023; 28:1259. [PMID: 36770925 PMCID: PMC9920341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweat contains a broad range of important biomarkers, which may be beneficial for acquiring non-invasive biochemical information on human health status. Therefore, highly selective and sensitive electrochemical nanosensors for the non-invasive detection of sweat metabolites have turned into a flourishing contender in the frontier of disease diagnosis. A large surface area, excellent electrocatalytic behavior and conductive properties make nanomaterials promising sensor materials for target-specific detection. Carbon-based nanomaterials (e.g., CNT, carbon quantum dots, and graphene), noble metals (e.g., Au and Pt), and metal oxide nanomaterials (e.g., ZnO, MnO2, and NiO) are widely used for modifying the working electrodes of electrochemical sensors, which may then be further functionalized with requisite enzymes for targeted detection. In the present review, recent developments (2018-2022) of electrochemical nanosensors by both enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic sensors for the effectual detection of sweat metabolites (e.g., glucose, ascorbic acid, lactate, urea/uric acid, ethanol and drug metabolites) have been comprehensively reviewed. Along with this, electrochemical sensing principles, including potentiometry, amperometry, CV, DPV, SWV and EIS have been briefly presented in the present review for a conceptual understanding of the sensing mechanisms. The detection thresholds (in the range of mM-nM), sensitivities, linear dynamic ranges and sensing modalities have also been properly addressed for a systematic understanding of the judicious design of more effective sensors. One step ahead, in the present review, current trends of flexible wearable electrochemical sensors in the form of eyeglasses, tattoos, gloves, patches, headbands, wrist bands, etc., have also been briefly summarized, which are beneficial for on-body in situ measurement of the targeted sweat metabolites. On-body monitoring of sweat metabolites via wireless data transmission has also been addressed. Finally, the gaps in the ongoing research endeavors, unmet challenges, outlooks and future prospects have also been discussed for the development of advanced non-invasive self-health-care-monitoring devices in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyanka Das
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somrita Nag
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyabrata Banerjee
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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O'Sullivan EM, Dowling P, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic Identification of Saliva Proteins as Noninvasive Diagnostic Biomarkers. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2596:147-167. [PMID: 36378438 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2831-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many biomedically relevant biomarkers are proteins with characteristic biochemical properties and a relatively restricted subcellular distribution. The comparative and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of body fluids can be particularly instrumental for the targeted identification of novel protein biomarkers with pathological relevance. In this respect, new research efforts in biomarker discovery focus on the systematic mapping of the human saliva proteome, as well as the pathobiochemical identification of disease-related modifications or concentration changes in specific saliva proteins. As a product of exocrine secretion, saliva can be considered an ideal source for the biochemical identification of new disease indicators. Importantly, saliva represents a body fluid that is continuously available for diagnostic and prognostic assessments. This chapter gives an overview of saliva proteomics, including a discussion of the usefulness of both liquid chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for efficient protein separation in saliva proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | | | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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Chen H, Zhao Q, Zhong Q, Duan C, Krutmann J, Wang J, Xia J. Skin Microbiome, Metabolome and Skin Phenome, from the Perspectives of Skin as an Ecosystem. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:363-382. [PMID: 36939800 PMCID: PMC9712873 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Skin is a complex ecosystem colonized by millions of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Skin microbiota is believed to exert critical functions in maintaining host skin health. Profiling the structure of skin microbial community is the first step to overview the ecosystem. However, the community composition is highly individualized and extremely complex. To explore the fundamental factors driving the complexity of the ecosystem, namely the selection pressures, we review the present studies on skin microbiome from the perspectives of ecology. This review summarizes the following: (1) the composition of substances/nutrients in the cutaneous ecological environment that are derived from the host and the environment, highlighting their proposed function on skin microbiota; (2) the features of dominant skin commensals to occupy ecological niches, through self-adaptation and microbe-microbe interactions; (3) how skin microbes, by their structures or bioactive molecules, reshape host skin phenotypes, including skin immunity, maintenance of skin physiology such as pH and hydration, ultraviolet (UV) protection, odor production, and wound healing. This review aims to re-examine the host-microbe interactions from the ecological perspectives and hopefully to give new inspiration to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Chen
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Qi Zhao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
- grid.435557.50000 0004 0518 6318IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, D-40225 Germany
| | - Qian Zhong
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Cheng Duan
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, 511458 China
| | - Jean Krutmann
- grid.435557.50000 0004 0518 6318IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, D-40225 Germany
| | - Jiucun Wang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jingjing Xia
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, 511458 China
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Noura Z, Shah I, Aziz S, Ahmed A, Jung DW, Brahim L, ElMostafa R. Wearable Healthcare Monitoring Based on a Microfluidic Electrochemical Integrated Device for Sensing Glucose in Natural Sweat. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8971. [PMID: 36433566 PMCID: PMC9698867 DOI: 10.3390/s22228971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sweat sensors offer the possibility of continuous real-time health monitoring of an individual at a low cost without invasion. A variety of sweat glucose sensors have been developed thus far to help diabetes patients frequently monitor blood glucose levels through sweat glucose as a surrogate marker. The present study demonstrates the development and characterization of a three-dimensional paper-based microfluidic electrochemical integrated device (3D PMED) for measuring glucose concentration in sweat in real-time via simple, non-invasive, capillary-action-based sample collection. The device was selective for glucose, and it detected glucose accurately in the clinically relevant range (0~2 mM) in an off-body setup. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time NEXAR™ has been used for biosensing applications. Further, the developed glucose sensor has acceptable sensitivity of 16.8 µA/mM/cm2. Importantly, in an on-body setup, the device achieved a significant amperometric response to sweat glucose in a very short amount of time (a few seconds). With detailed investigations, this proof-of-concept study could help further the development of sensitive and selective sweat-based glucose sensing devices for real-time glucose monitoring in diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouaghi Noura
- National School of Applied Sciences, LISA Laboratory, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Digitalization & Microelectronics Smart Devices Laboratory, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Imran Shah
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Risalpur 24090, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Aziz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Aamouche Ahmed
- National School of Applied Sciences, LISA Laboratory, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Dong-Won Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Lakssir Brahim
- Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Digitalization & Microelectronics Smart Devices Laboratory, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Ressami ElMostafa
- Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Digitalization & Microelectronics Smart Devices Laboratory, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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Trovato V, Sfameni S, Rando G, Rosace G, Libertino S, Ferri A, Plutino MR. A Review of Stimuli-Responsive Smart Materials for Wearable Technology in Healthcare: Retrospective, Perspective, and Prospective. Molecules 2022; 27:5709. [PMID: 36080476 PMCID: PMC9457686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for the development of miniaturized and wearable sensors has skyrocketed. Among them, novel sensors for wearable medical devices are mostly needed. The aim of this review is to summarize the advancements in this field from current points of view, focusing on sensors embedded into textile fabrics. Indeed, they are portable, lightweight, and the best candidates for monitoring biometric parameters. The possibility of integrating chemical sensors into textiles has opened new markets in smart clothing. Many examples of these systems are represented by color-changing materials due to their capability of altering optical properties, including absorption, reflectance, and scattering, in response to different external stimuli (temperature, humidity, pH, or chemicals). With the goal of smart health monitoring, nanosized sol-gel precursors, bringing coupling agents into their chemical structure, were used to modify halochromic dyestuffs, both minimizing leaching from the treated surfaces and increasing photostability for the development of stimuli-responsive sensors. The literature about the sensing properties of functionalized halochromic azo dyestuffs applied to textile fabrics is reviewed to understand their potential for achieving remote monitoring of health parameters. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are discussed to envisage the developed strategies for the next generation of functionalized halochromic dyestuffs with biocompatible and real-time stimuli-responsive capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Trovato
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
| | - Silvia Sfameni
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Rando
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rosace
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
| | - Sebania Libertino
- Institute of Microelectronics and MicrosystemsCNR–IMM, Ottava Strada 5, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Ada Ferri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico Di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Plutino
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Abstract
In recent years, wearable sensors have enabled the unique mode of real-time and noninvasive monitoring to develop rapidly in medical care, sports, and other fields. Sweat contains a wide range of biomarkers such as metabolites, electrolytes, and various hormones. Combined with wearable technology, sweat can reflect human fatigue, disease, mental stress, dehydration, and so on. This paper comprehensively describes the analysis of sweat components such as glucose, lactic acid, electrolytes, pH, cortisol, vitamins, ethanol, and drugs by wearable sensing technology, and the application of sweat wearable devices in glasses, patches, fabrics, tattoos, and paper. The development trend of sweat wearable devices is prospected. It is believed that if the sweat collection, air permeability, biocompatibility, sensing array construction, continuous monitoring, self-healing technology, power consumption, real-time data transmission, specific recognition, and other problems of the wearable sweat sensor are solved, we can provide the wearer with important information about their health level in the true sense.
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Qiao Y, Qiao L, Zhao P, Zhang P, Wu F, Zhang J, Gao L, Liu B, Zhang L. Phosphoprotein Detection in Sweat Realized by Intercalation Structure 2D@3D g-C 3N 4@Fe 3O 4 Wearable Sensitive Motif. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12060361. [PMID: 35735509 PMCID: PMC9220892 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal protein phosphorylation in sweat metabolites is closely related to cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other diseases. The real-time monitoring of phosphoproteins in sweat is significant for early monitoring of disease biomarkers. Here, a high-efficiency electrochemical sensor for phosphoprotein in sweat was realized by 2D@3D g-C3N4@Fe3O4 with intercalation structure. Common phosphoprotein β-Casein was selected to demonstrate the platform's functionalities. The detection limit of g-C3N4@Fe3O4 could be as low as 9.7 μM, and the detection range was from 0.01 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL. In addition, the sensing platform showed good selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. We also investigated the effects of interface structure on adsorption properties and electronic properties of the g-C3N4 and Fe3O4 heterostructure using DFT. More electrons from Fe3O4 were transferred to g-C3N4, which increased the electrons in the energy band of N atoms and promoted the formation of stable N-H bonds with H atoms in phosphoproteins. We demonstrated phosphoprotein sensor functionality by measuring the phosphoprotein in human sweat during exercising. This work realizes a sensing platform for noninvasive and continuous detection of sweat phosphoproteins in wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Qiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Lijuan Qiao
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (L.G.); (B.L.); Fax: +86-97-1531-0440 (B.L.)
| | - Peize Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Fanbin Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Li Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (L.G.); (B.L.); Fax: +86-97-1531-0440 (B.L.)
| | - Bingxin Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (Y.Q.); (P.Z.); (P.Z.); (F.W.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (L.G.); (B.L.); Fax: +86-97-1531-0440 (B.L.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 755905, Fairbanks, AK 99775-5905, USA;
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Pérez D, Orozco J. Wearable electrochemical biosensors to measure biomarkers with complex blood-to-sweat partition such as proteins and hormones. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:127. [PMID: 35233646 PMCID: PMC8886869 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Smart electronic devices based on micro-controllers, also referred to as fashion electronics, have raised wearable technology. These devices may process physiological information to facilitate the wearer's immediate biofeedback in close contact with the body surface. Standard market wearable devices detect observable features as gestures or skin conductivity. In contrast, the technology based on electrochemical biosensors requires a biomarker in close contact with both a biorecognition element and an electrode surface, where electron transfer phenomena occur. The noninvasiveness is pivotal for wearable technology; thus, one of the most common target tissues for real-time monitoring is the skin. Noninvasive biosensors formats may not be available for all analytes, such as several proteins and hormones, especially when devices are installed cutaneously to measure in the sweat. Processes like cutaneous transcytosis, the paracellular cell–cell unions, or even reuptake highly regulate the solutes content of the sweat. This review discusses recent advances on wearable devices based on electrochemical biosensors for biomarkers with a complex blood-to-sweat partition like proteins and some hormones, considering the commented release regulation mechanisms to the sweat. It highlights the challenges of wearable epidermal biosensors (WEBs) design and the possible solutions. Finally, it charts the path of future developments in the WEBs arena in converging/emerging digital technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pérez
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67, Nº 52-20, 050010, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67, Nº 52-20, 050010, Medellín, Colombia.
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Chen Y, Wu W, Ni X, Farag MA, Capanoglu E, Zhao C. Regulatory mechanisms of the green alga Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide via the metabolomics and gut microbiome in diabetic mice. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1127-1139. [PMID: 35865803 PMCID: PMC9294526 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has emerged as one of the most acute public health diseases of the present time, which increases with the population ageing. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic activity of Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide (ULO) under ageing-related diabetes conditions in an animal model. The results demonstrated that ULO can promote hypoglycaemia and delay senescence as mediated via GLP-1/GLP-1R pathway to mobilize the intercommunication between the brain and gut. In addition, twenty-six different metabolites and eight different bacteria were screened in the brain and the gut, respectively. A network relationship displayed that all-trans-retinoic acid has positive relationships with Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus, suggesting that plays a potential key role in maintaining the hypoglycaemic and anti-ageing activities of ULO. Based on these findings, ULO might be an efficient therapy for restoring blood glucose metabolism and delaying brain senescence in elderly T2D patients. U. lactuca oligosaccharide (ULO) acts as a GLP-1/GLP-1R agonist to control circulating glucose. ULO significantly reduces the expression of brain aging factor p16Ink4a. All-trans-Retinoic acid and Streptococcus are the key mediators of hypoglycemia.
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