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Utzet M, Llorens-Serrano C, Ayala-Garcia A, Esteve-Matalí L, Navarro-Giné A, Bacigalupe A. Women working as cleaners in Spain: working conditions and use of psychotropic drugs. Occup Environ Med 2024; 81:433-438. [PMID: 39242211 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
GOALS To describe the exposure to psychosocial risks at work and the consumption of psychotropic drugs and opioids among women working as cleaners; and to analyse the association between their exposure to psychosocial risks and drug use. METHODS Observational cross-sectional study based on an online survey (collected during April and May 2021) from the wage-earning population in Spain. In this study, only women working in manual occupations were included (n=3430). Working conditions and drug consumption of cleaning workers were compared with those of other manual workers through bivariate analysis. The adjusted prevalence ratios and the corresponding 95% CIs were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance. RESULTS Cleaning workers were older and had more problems making ends meet than other manual workers and were significantly more exposed to low possibilities for development (85.2 (95% CI 81.8 to 88.0)), high strain (51.9 (95% CI 47.3 to 55.9)) and low social support from colleagues (72.0 (95% CI 68.1 to 75.7)) and supervisors (61.7 (95% CI 57.3 to 65.6)). They also scored higher prevalence rates for the use of tranquillisers (37.7 (95% CI 32.0 to 43.3)) and opioids (33.3 (95% CI 27.9 to 38.6)) consumption indicators. This consumption was associated significantly with high strain exposure and high insecurity over working conditions. DISCUSSION Under the umbrella of the 2012 labour reform, cleaning companies shift the pressure and burden they have on ordinary cleaning staff in the form of low wages and precarious working conditions. Our results imply that addressing adverse working conditions, mainly high strain and insecurity over working conditions, may significantly contribute to reducing the gender and social inequalities among cleaning workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Utzet
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Laboral, Universitat Pompeu Fabra / HMRI - Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalunya, España
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
| | - Clara Llorens-Serrano
- Instituto Sindical de Trabajo, Ambiente y Salud (ISTAS-F1M), Centro de Referencia en Organización del Trabajo y Salud, Barcelona, España
- Grup de recerca en riscos psicosocials, organització del treball i salut (POWAH), Institut d'Estudis del Treball (IET), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Espanya
| | - Amaya Ayala-Garcia
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
- HMRI (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Barcelona, España
| | - Laura Esteve-Matalí
- Grup de recerca en riscos psicosocials, organització del treball i salut (POWAH), Institut d'Estudis del Treball (IET), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Espanya
- Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Espanya
| | - Albert Navarro-Giné
- Grup de recerca en riscos psicosocials, organització del treball i salut (POWAH), Institut d'Estudis del Treball (IET), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Espanya
- Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalunya, Espanya
| | - Amaia Bacigalupe
- Departamento de Sociología y Trabajo Social, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, España
- Grupo de Investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico, OPIK, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, España
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Airagnes G, Fisk D, Haddad RE, le Faou AL, Limosin F. Burnout Mediates the Association Between Workaholism and Substance Use: Findings from a French National Company. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024; 45:451-466. [PMID: 38400994 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
To examine the mediation effect of burnout on the association between workaholism and tobacco and alcohol use. A total of 2199 workers from the French national electricity company fulfilled an online questionnaire. Smoking status, alcohol use disorder based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption and workaholism based on the Work Addiction Risk Test were used as binary variables. Burnout was assessed as a continuous variable with the Copenhagen Burn-Out Inventory. Mediation analyses tested the direct effect of the associations between workaholism and each substance use, as well as the indirect effect passing through burnout, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors (gender, age, occupational grade and marital life), work stress using the effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment. When testing the mediation effect of burnout on the relation between workaholism and smoking, there was a significant direct effect of workaholism on smoking (Estimated effect of 0.27 [95% CI 0.01; 0.54]) and a significant indirect effect passing through burnout (Estimated effect of 0.09 [95% CI 0.02; 0.15]). When testing the mediation effect of burnout on the relation between workaholism and alcohol use, the direct effect of workaholism on alcohol use was not significant (Estimated effect of 0.21 [95% CI - 0.01; 0.44]) while the indirect effect passing through burnout was significant (Estimated effect of 0.10 [95% CI 0.04; 0.17]). Information and prevention regarding substance use should be reinforced among workers exposed to workaholism, especially if their workaholism led to a high level of burnout. Preventing the emergence of burnout among workaholics might have some benefits on their tobacco and alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Airagnes
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, INSERM UMS011, Villejuif, France.
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Centre Ambulatoire d'Addictologie, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - David Fisk
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rita El Haddad
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, INSERM UMS011, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne-Laurence le Faou
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris, France
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Barnay T, Baudot FO. Work accident effect on the use of psychotropic drugs: the case of benzodiazepines. HEALTH ECONOMICS REVIEW 2023; 13:48. [PMID: 37872453 PMCID: PMC10594863 DOI: 10.1186/s13561-023-00464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A work accident constitutes a shock to health, likely to alter mental states and affect the use of psychotropic drugs. We focus on the use of benzodiazepines, which are a class of drugs commonly used to treat anxiety and insomnia. Prolonged use can lead to dependence. Our objective is to determine the extent to which work accidents lead to benzodiazepine use and overuse (i.e. exceedance of medical guidelines). METHOD We use a two-step selection model (the Heckman method) based on data from the French National Health Data System (Système National des Données de Santé, SNDS). Our study sample includes all general plan members who experienced a single work accident in 2016 (and not since 2007). This sample includes 350,000 individuals in the work accident group and more than 1.1 million people randomly drawn from the population without work accidents from 2007 to 2017 (the non-work accident group). RESULTS The occurrence of a work accident leads to an increase in benzodiazepine use and overuse the following year. The selection model shows a clear influence of the accident on the use probability (+ 39%), but a very slight impact on the risk of overuse among users (+ 1.7%), once considered the selection effect. The effect on overuse risk is higher for more severe accidents and among women. CONCLUSION The increase in the risk of benzodiazepine overuse is due to an increase in the likelihood of using benzodiazepines after a work accident that leads to overuse, rather than an increase in likelihood of overuse among people who use benzodiazepines. Results call for targeting the first-time prescription to limit the risk of overuse after a work accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Barnay
- ERUDITE, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil, 94010, France
| | - François-Olivier Baudot
- ERUDITE, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil, 94010, France.
- Direction de la Stratégie, des Études et des Statistiques, Caisse Nationale de l'Assurance Maladie, 50 Avenue du Professeur André Lemierre, Paris, 75986, France.
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Harada T, Kanamori S, Baba T, Takano A, Nomura K, Villaroman A, Rey FI, Peralta J, Shirasaka T. Sociodemographic profiles and determinants of relapse risks among people with substance use disorders in the Philippines: A survey in community and residential care settings. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 251:110924. [PMID: 37633130 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine use is a major social and health issue in the Philippines. Former president Rodrigo Duterte prioritized combating illicit drugs, and the government launched an anti-drug campaign. People with substance use disorders (SUD) receive treatment and care in the community or residential treatment at Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers (TRCs) established by the Department of Health. However, since the content and quality of service are not sufficient, there is an urgent need for improvement. To this end, it is necessary to understand demographic characteristics, the severity of drug use, and treatment needs of this population. METHODS We conducted a questionnaire survey of people with SUD in the community (n=308) and all TRC patients (n=1770) to obtain their demographic profiles. We also used the Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20) and the Stimulant Relapse Risk Scale (SRRS). RESULTS Based on DAST-20 scores, the severity of dependence was not well-matched to the care provided; 12.4% of the community sample was in the severe or substantial categories and 14.2% of the TRC sample was in the low category. The TRC sample had a significantly higher relapse risk than the community sample, which was associated with a lower educational attainment level and comorbid alcohol dependence. CONCLUSIONS It is important to use standardized psychometric tools to match treatment with the severity of drug dependence. In addition, a wide variety of medical and social services need to be provided based on consideration of treatment needs to improve the well-being of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Harada
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shogo Kanamori
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Baba
- National Center for Global Hearth and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Takano
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Nomura
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Alfonso Villaroman
- Treatment and Rehabilitation Center Bicutan, Department of Health, the Philippines
| | - Frederick I Rey
- Department of Political Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, the Philippines
| | - Jasmin Peralta
- Treatment and Rehabilitation Center Cebu, Department of Health, Cebu City, the Philippines
| | - Tomohiro Shirasaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Teine Keijinkai Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
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Lvovschi VE, Carrouel F, du Sartz de Vigneulles B, Lamure M, Motyka G, Fraticelli L, Dussart C. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to Medication, Antibiotics, and Vaccination among Public Service Population: National Survey Conducted in France. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14044. [PMID: 36360926 PMCID: PMC9654407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Medication, antibiotics, and immunization are three major and cost-effective medical interventions but their use is balanced. Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) are a cornerstone. This retrospective study aims at analyzing KAP related to these concerns among the public service population in order to establish the basis for the implementation of selective preventive actions. From a cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire-based survey among the insurees of a French mutual organization (Union Prévention Santé pour la Fonction publique, UROPS), 33 questions related to medication, antibiotics and vaccination were extracted to evaluate KAP. New variables were constituted: levels of knowledge, antibiotic misuse, proactive behavior and vaccinophobia. Multiple correspondence analysis was performed to identify respondents' homogenous groups. In addition, bivariate statistical comparisons were provided and logistic regressions were carried out to identify determinants of these new variables. Public service population (workers and retired) were highly exposed to polymedication (8.7% vs. 24.4%, p < 0.0001), hypnotics overtake (24.3% vs. 18.4%, p < 0.0001), and misuse antibiotics (33.2% vs. 22.6%, p < 0.0001) despite good levels of knowledge. Proportions of vaccinophobia was low (0.8% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.0001). However, workers have different KAP than retired, without shared determinants in the 3 health domains studied. Respondents were proactive (85.8% vs. 81.6%, p < 0.0001), used multiple sources of trustworthy information and seems to be ready for the delegation of health tasks. Thus, preventive actions related to antibiotics and polymedication should be a priority in vaccination education for mutual organizations such as UROPS. Studying their insurees longitudinally could be interesting to highlight the impact of selective prevention on behaviors, through trusted health professionals (general practitioners, pharmacists…).
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie-Eve Lvovschi
- Emergency Department, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen, France
- Laboratory “Research on Healthcare Performance” (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Florence Carrouel
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin du Sartz de Vigneulles
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Michel Lamure
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Laurie Fraticelli
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Claude Dussart
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
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Niedhammer I, Derouet-Gérault L, Bertrais S. Prospective associations between psychosocial work factors and self-reported health: study of effect modification by gender, age, and occupation using the national French working conditions survey data. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1389. [PMID: 35854252 PMCID: PMC9295500 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prospective studies exploring the effects of psychosocial work factors on self-reported health (SRH) are lacking, especially those studying effect modifications. The objectives were to examine the prospective associations of these factors, and multiple exposures to these factors, with SRH in a national representative sample, and effect modifications by gender, age, and occupation. Methods The prospective study relied on the three data collection waves (2013, 2016, and 2019) of the national French Working Conditions survey and was based on a sample of 15,971 employees, in good SRH at the beginning of the follow-up period. The occupational exposures were time-varying variables measured in 2013 and 2016, and included: 20 psychosocial work factors grouped into 5 broad domains, 4 exposures related to working time/hours and 4 physical-biomechanical-chemical exposures. The incidence of poor SRH three years later was the outcome. Discrete time Poisson regression models were performed using weighted data and with adjustment for gender, age, marital status, life events, and occupation. Results Almost all the studied psychosocial work factors were predictive of poor SRH. Some physical-biomechanical-chemical exposures were found to predict poor SRH. Only rare effect modifications were observed according to gender, age, and occupation. Dose-response associations between multiple exposures and the incidence of poor SRH were observed for 4 among 5 domains of psychosocial work factors. Conclusions Our study underlined the effects of psychosocial work factors, as well as multiple exposure effects, on the incidence of poor SRH. However, most of these effects were the same across population groups related to gender, age, and occupation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13773-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, 28 rue Roger Amsler, CS 74521, 49045, ANGERS Cedex 01, France.
| | - Laura Derouet-Gérault
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, 28 rue Roger Amsler, CS 74521, 49045, ANGERS Cedex 01, France
| | - Sandrine Bertrais
- INSERM, Univ Angers, Univ Rennes, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, ESTER Team, 28 rue Roger Amsler, CS 74521, 49045, ANGERS Cedex 01, France
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Demiral Y, Ihle T, Rose U, Conway PM, Burr H. Precarious Work as Risk Factor for 5-Year Increase in Depressive Symptoms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063175. [PMID: 35328860 PMCID: PMC8949946 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between precarious work and depressive symptoms in a representative cohort of employees in Germany. Methods: In the German Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA) (n = 2009), depressive symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ−9). Precarious work was measured through baseline (2012) self-reported job insecurity, marginal part-time, fixed-term contract, hourly wage and—during follow-ups 2012–2017—unemployment. Among employees without depressive symptoms at baseline (2012), we ran logistic regression analyses stratified by gender with depressive symptoms at follow-up in 2017 as the dependent variable, adjusting for baseline (2012) age, gender, socioeconomic position and partner status. Results: Among men, job insecurity (OR: 2.47; 95% 95% CI: 1.37–4.48) and low wage (3.79; 1.64–8.72) at baseline were significantly associated with depressive symptoms at follow-up. Among women, indicators of precarious work were not associated with depressive symptoms at follow-up. Among men, a cumulative exposure index of precarious work was significantly associated with the development of depressive symptoms (one indicator: 1.84; 0.94–3.60, ≥two indicators: 7.65; 3.30–17.73). This index was not associated with depressive symptoms among women. The population attributable fraction of precarious work due to depressive symptoms among men was approximately 30%. Conclusions: Among employees in Germany, precarious work seems to be a risk factor for the subsequent development of depressive symptoms among men, but not among women. Research on precarious employment in different countries is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucel Demiral
- Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35340, Turkey;
| | - Tobias Ihle
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), 10317 Berlin, Germany; (T.I.); (U.R.)
| | - Uwe Rose
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), 10317 Berlin, Germany; (T.I.); (U.R.)
| | - Paul Maurice Conway
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Hermann Burr
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), 10317 Berlin, Germany; (T.I.); (U.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-030-515-484355
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Chum A, Kaur S, Teo C, Nielsen A, Muntaner C, O'Campo P. The impact of changes in job security on mental health across gender and family responsibility: evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:25-36. [PMID: 34767035 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While there is strong evidence that job insecurity leads to mental distress, little is known about how gender and parental responsibilities may exacerbate this relationship. Examining their contribution as potential effect modifiers may provide insights into gender inequalities in mental health and inform gender-sensitive labour policies to ameliorate the negative effects of job insecurity. Our study addresses this gap by examining the longitudinal association between job insecurity and mental health across different configurations of gender and parental responsibilities. METHODS Our sample includes 34,772 employed participants over the period of 2010-2018. A gender-stratified fixed-effect regression was used to model the within-person change over time in mental health associated with loss of job security, and effect modification by parent-partner status (e.g. childfree men, partnered father, etc.). RESULTS Loss of job security was associated with a moderate decrease in mental health functioning for partnered fathers, partnered mothers, and childfree men and women ranging between a reduction in MCS-12 by 1.00 to 2.27 points (p < 0.05). Lone fathers who lose their job security experienced a higher decrease in mental health functioning at - 7.69 (95% CI - 12.69 to - 2.70), while lone mothers did not experience any change. CONCLUSION The effects of job insecurity on mental health is consistent across gender and parent-partner status with the exception of lone fathers and lone mothers. Future studies should investigate the effects of policies that may reduce mental distress in the face of the threat of job loss such as reducing wait time for payment of unemployment benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Chum
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 4A1, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Sukhdeep Kaur
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 4A1, Canada
| | - Celine Teo
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 4A1, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Nielsen
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 4A1, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carles Muntaner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patricia O'Campo
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Effort-Reward Imbalance at Work and Drug Misuse: Evidence from a National Survey in the U.S. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413334. [PMID: 34948938 PMCID: PMC8702104 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
With the rise of drug misuse among workers in recent years, preliminary research on potential risk factors in the workplace of single-type of drug misuse has been reported. This is the first study to examine cross-sectional associations of work stress, in terms of effort-reward imbalance, with multiple drug misuse (including any drug misuse, opioid misuse, sedatives misuse, cannabis misuse, and other drug misuse) during the past 12 months in a national sample of U.S. workers. Data of 2211 workers were derived from the nationally representative and population-based Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Internal consistency reliability and factorial validity of a 17-item effort-reward imbalance measure were robust and satisfactory. After adjustment for relevant covariates, logistic regression analyses showed that workers experiencing effort-reward imbalance at work had significantly higher odds of any drug misuse (OR and 95% CI = 1.18 (1.03, 1.37)), especially opioid misuse (OR and 95% CI = 1.35 (1.07, 1.69)) and other drug misuse (OR and 95% CI = 1.36 (1.01, 1.83)). The findings suggest that a stressful work environment may act as a determinant of drug misuse, and further prospective evidence is needed.
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Shift work and incidence of psychiatric disorders: The Danish Nurse Cohort study. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 139:132-138. [PMID: 34058652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on health effects of shift work has especially focused on somatic diseases, such as breast cancer and cardiometabolic disease, while less attention has been given to the association between shift work and mental health. METHODS We used information on 19 964 female nurses (≥44 years) from the Danish Nurse Cohort, who reported current work schedule (day, evening, night, or rotating) at recruitment (1993/1999). In 5102 nurses who participated in both cohort waves, we defined persistent night shift work as working night shift in 1993 and 1999. We used Cox regression models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for relevant confounders. Through linkage of cohort participants to national registers, we defined incidence of mood and neurotic disorders as first hospital contact or redeemed prescription until November 2018. RESULTS We found association between night shift work with mood disorders (HR = 1.31; 95%CI = 1.17-1.47) and neurotic disorders (1.29; 1.17-1.42), compared to day work. Associations were enhanced in nurses with persistent night shift work (1.85; 1.43-2.39 and 1.62; 1.26-2.09 for mood and neurotic disorders, respectively) and in nurses with specialist confirmed mood (1.69; 1.24-2.29) and neurotic (1.72; 1.22-2.44) disorders. Nurses with preexisting psychiatric disorders and full-time work seemed most susceptible. CONCLUSIONS Night shift work is associated with increased risk of major psychiatric disorders. The novel suggestive findings of vulnerable groups, including nurses with a history of psychiatric disorders and full-time workers, are based on a limited number of cases, and further research is needed to confirm the results.
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Herin F, Othenin J, Jouanjus E, Rousseau V, Niezborala M, Lapeyre-Mestre M. Evolution of medication consumption in a working environment in France: Results of the four waves of the "Drugs and Work" study (1986-2016). Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021; 30:661-668. [PMID: 33625778 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies in the working environment have underlined the high prevalence of drug consumption. The aim of this study was to present the main characteristics of this consumption in French workers and to identify changes from the 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016 surveys. METHODS The design was a repeated cross-sectional study in 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016. At each wave, demographic and socio-professional characteristics, self-reported consumption of medications during the week before the occupational medical visit, and perceived difficult working conditions and extraprofessional problems were collected among a sample of workers. Factors associated with consumption of any drug and of main therapeutic classes were investigated through multivariate logistic regression models, using 2016 as the reference for investigating temporal trends. RESULTS Prevalence of use of any drug was significantly higher in 2016, with marked changes observed in comparison with 1986: absolute decrease of psychotropic (-5.1%, p < 0.0001), antibiotics (-2.7%, p < 0.0001) and cardiovascular drug use (-3.8%, p < 0.0001), increase of analgesic use (+8.3%, p < 0.0001). Difficult working conditions, age and female gender were independently associated with analgesic drug use, and extraprofessional problems and female gender associated with psychotropic drug use. CONCLUSIONS This analysis of self-reported drug use in the working environment illustrates the global patterns of medication use in a French active population over 3 decades. The favorable development in the level of consumption of psychotropic drugs should not underestimate the attention to be paid to the determinants of chronic consumption, or possible transfers to less stigmatized medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Herin
- Service Des Maladies Professionnelles Et Environnementales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,UMR-Inserm 1295, Université De Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Othenin
- Service Des Maladies Professionnelles Et Environnementales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Emilie Jouanjus
- UMR-Inserm 1295, Université De Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Service De Pharmacologie Médicale Et Clinique, CIC 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Vanessa Rousseau
- Service De Pharmacologie Médicale Et Clinique, CIC 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Maryse Lapeyre-Mestre
- UMR-Inserm 1295, Université De Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Service De Pharmacologie Médicale Et Clinique, CIC 1436, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,PharmacoEPi cohortS and biobankS (PEPSS), CIC de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
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12
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Witt K, Milner A, Chastang JF, LaMontagne AD, Niedhammer I. Employment and occupational outcomes following adolescent-onset mental illness: analysis of a nationally representative French cohort. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 41:618-627. [PMID: 30252083 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been little work into the relative effects of adolescent-onset, as compared to lifetime, mental illness on employment, income and occupational outcomes in adulthood. METHODS Using data from the Santé et Itinéraire Professionnel Survey, a nationally representative survey of 13 648 French working-age people to investigate prospective associations between self-reported mental illness and employment, income and occupational outcomes. We further investigated whether these outcomes would differ for those reporting an onset of mental illness prior to 18 years of age. RESULTS Adolescent-onset mental illness was associated with poorer employment outcomes, significantly increased risk of employment in low-skilled occupations, as well as reduced monthly wage earnings. CONCLUSIONS Results extend understandings of the risks of adolescent-onset mental illness on employment and occupational outcomes and suggest that vocational recovery services should take these factors into account when designing support services for adolescents with mental health problems, particularly for males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Witt
- Turning Point, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, 110 Church Street, Richmond, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jean-François Chastang
- INSERM, U1085, Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health (IRSET), Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France.,University of Angers, Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- INSERM, U1085, Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health (IRSET), Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France.,Work, Health and Wellbeing Unit, Population Health Research Centre, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia
| | - Isabelle Niedhammer
- INSERM, U1085, Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health (IRSET), Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France.,University of Angers, Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France
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13
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Airagnes G, Lemogne C, Kab S, Hoertel N, Goldberg M, Wahrendorf M, Siegrist J, Roquelaure Y, Limosin F, Zins M. Effort-reward imbalance and long-term benzodiazepine use: longitudinal findings from the CONSTANCES cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:993-1001. [PMID: 31406014 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2019-212703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between effort-reward imbalance and incident long-term benzodiazepine use (LTBU). METHODS We included 31 077 employed participants enrolled in the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort between 2012 and 2014 who had not undergone LTBU in the 2 years before enrolment. LTBU was examined using drug reimbursement administrative databases. The effort-reward imbalance was calculated in quartiles. We computed ORs (95% CIs) for LTBU according to effort-reward imbalance over a 2-year follow-up period. We adjusted for age, gender, education, occupational grade, income, marital status, tobacco smoking, risk of alcohol use disorder, depressive symptoms and self-rated health. RESULTS Over the 2-year follow-up, 294 (0.9%) participants experienced incident LTBU. In the univariable analysis, effort-reward imbalance was associated with subsequent LTBU with ORs of 1.79 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.62) and 2.73 (95% CI 1.89 to 3.95) for the third and fourth quartiles, respectively, compared with the first quartile. There was no interaction between effort-reward imbalance and any of the considered variables other than tobacco smoking (p=0.033). The association remained significant in both smokers and non-smokers, with higher odds for smokers (p=0.031). In the fully adjusted model, the association remained significant for the third and fourth quartiles, with ORs of 1.74 (95% CI 1.17 to 2.57) and 2.18 (95% CI 1.50 to 3.16), respectively. These associations were dose dependent (p for trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Effort-reward imbalance was linked with incident LTBU over a 2-year follow-up period after adjustment for sociodemographic and health-related factors. Thus, screening and prevention of the risk of LTBU should be systematised among individuals experiencing effort-reward imbalance, with special attention paid to smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Airagnes
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Paris, France .,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Inserm, Villejuif, France.,UMR 1168, VIMA, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Cédric Lemogne
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,U1266, UMR-S 1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Sofiane Kab
- UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,U1266, UMR-S 1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Morten Wahrendorf
- Centre for Health and Society,Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf,Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Senior professorship on work stressresearch, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yves Roquelaure
- UMR 1085, Ester, Irest Inserm, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,U1266, UMR-S 1266, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Marie Zins
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Inserm, Villejuif, France.,UMR 1168, VIMA, Inserm, Villejuif, France
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Milner A, Scovelle AJ, King TL, Madsen I. Exposure to work stress and use of psychotropic medications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:569-576. [PMID: 30914444 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-211752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is good evidence that job stressors are prospectively related to mental health problems, particularly depressive symptoms. This review aimed to examine whether job stressors were also related to use of psychotropic medications. METHODS Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach, we examined seven electronic databases that indexed literature from a wide range of disciplines. Inclusion criteria were (1) the study included a job stressor or psychosocial working condition as an exposure, and (2) psychotropic medication was an outcome. All effect-size estimates were considered but needed to present either a SE or 95% CIs to be included in meta-analyses. Data were pooled between studies using the relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs. RESULTS There were 18 unique studies with non-overlapping exposures eligible for inclusion in the quantitative meta-analysis. High job demands were associated with a statistically significant increased risk of psychotropic medication use (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.31). There was also an elevated RR in relation to work-family conflict (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). In studies reporting OR, high job demands were associated with an OR of 1.39 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.71). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review highlight the need for policy and programme attention to reduce harmful exposure to psychosocial job stressors. Health-service use measures should be considered as outcomes and may represent more severe mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Milner
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna J Scovelle
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tania L King
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ida Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Azevedo DSDSD, Lima EDP, Assunção AÁ. Fatores associados ao uso de medicamentos ansiolíticos entre bombeiros militares. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2019; 22:e190021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720190021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO: Introdução: O uso de ansiolíticos é uma opção no tratamento de sintomas psíquicos. Contudo, ainda que o uso seja controlado há riscos de dependência, intoxicação e alterações cognitivas. O uso não controlado entre trabalhadores agrava tais problemas. Objetivos: Identificar a prevalência do uso de ansiolíticos e conhecer os fatores associados ao consumo em bombeiros militares. Método: Pesquisa transversal de base censitária investigou 711 bombeiros de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, por meio de autorrelato. Regressão logística multinomial foi utilizada para verificar associação entre características sociodemográficas, condições de vida, trabalho e saúde e consumo de ansiolíticos de modo controlado ou não. Resultados: A prevalência do uso de ansiolíticos foi 9,9%. Para 7,5% dos bombeiros o consumo ocorreu sem indicação e/ou controle terapêutico especializado. O uso controlado foi associado ao relato compatível com Transtorno Mental Comum (OR = 23,6; IC95% 6,54 - 85,11). O uso não controlado foi associado ao tempo de serviço (OR = 2,57; IC95% 1,03 - 6,40), ao tabagismo (OR = 3,22; IC95% 1,50 - 6,91) e ao Transtorno Mental Comum (OR = 4,02; IC95% 2,17 - 7,45). Conclusão: A alta prevalência de consumo indica alerta para as ações dos programas de saúde ocupacional.
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16
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Airagnes G, Lemogne C, Olekhnovitch R, Roquelaure Y, Hoertel N, Goldberg M, Limosin F, Zins M. Work-Related Stressors and Increased Risk of Benzodiazepine Long-Term Use: Findings From the CONSTANCES Population-Based Cohort. Am J Public Health 2018; 109:119-125. [PMID: 30495993 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To examine whether stressful job exposure to the public could be associated with having long-term benzodiazepine use.Methods. From the participants included between 2012 and 2016 in the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, 13 934 men and 19 261 women declared a daily job exposure to the public and rated the frequency of stressful exposure. We examined benzodiazepine long-term use by using drug reimbursement administrative registries. Logistic regressions provided odds ratios (ORs) of benzodiazepine long-term use, with stratification for gender and adjustment for age, education, and area deprivation index. Occupational grade, job strain, depression, self-rated health, and alcohol use disorder were additional stratification variables.Results. Benzodiazepine long-term use was positively associated with stressful exposure to the public ("often or always" vs "rarely or never") in men (OR = 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8, 2.8) and women (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.4, 1.9), with dose-dependent relationships (P trends < .001). Adjustments and analyses in subgroups without other individual or environmental vulnerability factors led to similar results.Conclusions. Stressful job exposure to the public increases the risk of benzodiazepine long-term use. Prevention programs aiming at reducing the burden of benzodiazepine long-term use would benefit in targeting this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Airagnes
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Cédric Lemogne
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Romain Olekhnovitch
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Yves Roquelaure
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
| | - Marie Zins
- Guillaume Airagnes is with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm, Villejuif, France. Cédric Lemogne, Nicolas Hoertel, and Frédéric Limosin are with AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université Paris Descartes, U894, Inserm, Paris, France. Romain Olekhnovitch is with UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm. Yves Roquelaure is with UMR1085, Inserm Irest, Université d'Angers, Angers, France. Marcel Goldberg is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, Inserm. Marie Zins is with Université Paris Descartes, UMS011, UMR1168, Inserm
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Impact of lifetime compared to adolescent-onset mental illness on psychosocial employment quality in adulthood: analysis of a nationally representative French cohort. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2018; 91:887-900. [PMID: 29961115 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-018-1331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated prospective associations between mental illness and psychosocial employment quality using a nationally representative sample of the French working population by gender, primary diagnosis, and age of onset. METHODS 6234 employed French adults (aged 20-74 years) were followed from 2006 to 2010. All respondents provided data on 26 indicators of psychosocial employment quality drawn from the Job-Strain Model, other job stressors, and indicators of working time stressors (i.e., shift work, night work, and long working hours). RESULTS We performed 272 statistical tests, of which 37 were significant following adjustment for age, poor socio-economic position during childhood, unemployment status at wave one, and anxiety or depression at wave two. Females with a lifetime diagnosis of any mental illness reported higher psychological and emotional demands at work, whilst males reported low decision latitude, tensions with the public, and work-life imbalance. In both genders a lifetime diagnosis of any mental illness was associated with role and ethical conflict. A lifetime diagnosis of major depression appeared to have stronger associations for females, whilst substance use disorder was associated with poorer psychosocial employment quality in males. Adolescent-onset mental illness might be associated with poorer psychosocial employment quality among men more so than among women. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that people with a history of mental illness who obtain employment tend to be employed in jobs characterized by poor psychosocial quality. Employment quality should be considered in vocational rehabilitation policies and practices aimed at optimizing employment participation in this population.
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Malard L, Chastang JF, Niedhammer I. Évolution des comportements et indicateurs de santé mentale entre 2006 et 2010 dans la population au travail en France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2017. [DOI: '10.1016/j.respe.2017.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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19
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Malard L, Chastang JF, Niedhammer I. [Changes in behaviors and indicators of mental health between 2006 and 2010 in the French working population]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2017; 65:309-320. [PMID: 28601504 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2017.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2008 economic crisis may have had an impact on mental health but the studies on this topic are sparse, in particular among the working population. However, mental health at work is a crucial issue involving substantial costs and consequences. The aim of the study was to assess changes in behaviors and indicators of mental health in the French working population between 2006 and 2010, and to explore the differential changes according to age, origin, occupation, activity sector, public/private sector, self-employed/employee status and work contract. METHODS The data came from the prospective national representative Santé et itinéraire professionnel (SIP) survey, including a sample of 5600 French workers interviewed in 2006 and 2010. The behaviors and indicators of mental health studied were excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, sleep problems (sleep disorders and/or insufficient sleep duration), psychotropic drug use (antidepressants, anxiolytics and/or hypnotics), and poor self-reported health. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze changes in behaviors and indicators of mental health, and the analyses were adjusted for age. Covariates (age, origin, occupation, activity sector, public/private sector, self-employed/employee status and type of contract) were added separately to assess differential changes. RESULTS Increases in excessive alcohol consumption among women, sleep problems among men, and smoking, insufficient sleep duration and poor self-reported health for both genders were observed in the French working population between 2006 and 2010. Some differential changes were observed, negative changes being more likely to affect young workers and workers with a permanent contract. CONCLUSION Prevention policies should consider that behavior and indicators of mental health may deteriorate in times of economic crisis, especially among some sub-groups of the working population, such as young workers and workers with a permanent contract. These changes might foreshadow a forthcoming increase in mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Malard
- Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, 75013 Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 06, UMR S 1136, 75013 Paris, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - J-F Chastang
- Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, 75013 Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 06, UMR S 1136, 75013 Paris, France
| | - I Niedhammer
- Inserm, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, 75013 Paris, France; Institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 06, UMR S 1136, 75013 Paris, France.
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Carrasco-Garrido P, Hernández-Barrera V, Jiménez-Trujillo I, Esteban-Hernández J, Álvaro-Meca A, López-de Andrés A, DelBarrio-Fernández JL, Jiménez-García R. Time Trend in Psychotropic Medication Use in Spain: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13121177. [PMID: 27886138 PMCID: PMC5201318 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13121177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: We performed an epidemiologic study to analyze nationwide time trends in adult psychotropic drug use over a period from 2006 to 2012, and to identify those factors associated with the likelihood of consumption of these drugs during the study period; Methods: Cross-sectional study on psychotropic medication in the Spanish adult population. We used secondary individualized data drawn from the 2006 and 2012 Spanish National Health Surveys (SNHS). The dependent variable was the use of psychotropic drugs in the previous two weeks. Independent variables included socio-demographic characteristics, comorbidity, lifestyles and healthcare resource utilization. Using logistic multivariate regression models, we analyzed the temporal evolution of psychotropic medication consumption between 2006 and 2012 in both sexes; Results: The prevalence of psychotropic drug use was significantly greater in women (18.14% vs. 8.08% in 2012 (p < 0.05). In Spanish women, the variables associated with a greater probability of psychotropic use were, age, unemployment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.60; 95% CI, 1.24–2.07), negative perception of health or taking non-psychotropic drugs. Among men, psychotropic use is associated with presence of chronic disease, negative perception of health (AOR, 3.27; 95% CI, 2.62–4.07 in 2012) or inactive status; Conclusions: Between 2006 and 2012, the probability of having taken psychotropic drugs increased by 16% among women. Unemployed women aged ≥45 years with a negative perception of their health constitute a clear risk profile in terms of psychotropic drug use. Inactive men who have a negative perception of their health are the group most likely to consume psychotropic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Carrasco-Garrido
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - Valentín Hernández-Barrera
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - Isabel Jiménez-Trujillo
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - Jesús Esteban-Hernández
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Álvaro-Meca
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - Ana López-de Andrés
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - José Luis DelBarrio-Fernández
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-García
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón 28922, Spain.
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21
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Psychosocial work factors and sleep problems: findings from the French national SIP survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2015; 89:485-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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