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Jiang C, Wang C, Qu W, Wang Y, Wang H, Wei X, Wang M, He Q, Wang Y, Yuan L, Gao Y. Cherry leaf decoction inhibits NMDAR expression and thereby ameliorates CUMS- induced depression-like behaviors through downregulation of α2δ-1. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21743. [PMID: 38034773 PMCID: PMC10681947 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex and prevalent mental illness. Cherry leaf is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has confirmed to exert a certain antidepressant effect, but its potential neural regulation mechanism is not clear. This paper aims to investigate the improved action of cherry leaf decoction (CLD) on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats and its potential neural regulation mechanism by verifying the role and function of NMDAR regulatory target α2δ-1 in depression due to CUMS. Male SD rats were subjected to random stressors persisting for 5 weeks to establish the CUMS depression rat model. CLD could effectively alleviate depression-like behaviors of CUMS rats in behavioral tests including sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, tail suspension test and open field test. After the administration of the CLD, the expression of corticotropic-releasing hormone (CRH) in the hypothalamus was inhibited. Moreover, the levels of CRH, adrenal cortical hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) in serum also decreased significantly. CUMS upregulated the expressions of α2δ-1, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 (NR1), NR2A and NR2B, and enhanced the binding ability to of α2δ-1 and NR1, which were reversed by CLD. The results demonstrated that CLD could ameliorate depression-like behaviors due to CUMS, which was related to the fact that CLD down-regulated α2δ-1 level and interfered with α2δ-1 binding to NR1, thereby reducing NMDAR expression and ultimately inhibiting HPA axis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Qu
- Department of Physical Education, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian He
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Yuan
- Department of Humanities and Management, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 3 Xingyuan Road, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research On Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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Efficacy of lifestyle medicine on sleep quality: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Affect Disord 2023; 330:125-138. [PMID: 36863476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of multicomponent lifestyle medicine (LM) interventions for improving sleep quality have yielded inconsistent findings. This study marks the first meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of multicomponent LM interventions in improving sleep quality. METHODS We searched six online databases for RCTs that compared multicomponent LM interventions to an active or inactive control group in an adult population and assessed subjective sleep quality as a primary or secondary outcome using validated sleep measures at any post-intervention time-point. RESULTS A total of 23 RCTs with 26 comparisons involving 2534 participants were included in the meta-analysis. After excluding outliers, the analysis revealed that multicomponent LM interventions significantly improved sleep quality at immediate post-intervention (d = 0.45) and at short-term follow-up (i.e., <three months) (d = 0.50) relative to an inactive control group. Regarding the comparison with active control, no significant between-group difference was found at any time-point. No meta-analysis was conducted at the medium- and long-term follow-up due to insufficient data. Subgroup analyses supported that multicomponent LM interventions had a more clinically relevant effect on improving sleep quality in participants with clinical levels of sleep disturbance (d = 1.02) relative to an inactive control at immediate post-intervention assessment. There was no evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSION Our findings provided preliminary evidence that multicomponent LM interventions were efficacious in improving sleep quality relative to an inactive control at immediate post-intervention and at short-term follow-up. Additional high-quality RCTs targeting individuals with clinically significant sleep disturbance and long-term follow-up are warranted.
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Darviri C, Zigkiri E, Simos DS, Charalampopoulou M, Kokka I, Vlachakis D, Bacopoulou F, Chrousos GP. The Effect of Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention on Stress and Mental Health Characteristics of Civil Servants in Crete, Greece. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:59-67. [PMID: 37581781 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is limited regarding the effects of holistic programs on work-related stress, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention (PSAI) on stress and mental health characteristics of civil servants in Crete, Greece. This was a single arm interventional study with PSAI outcome evaluation. Validated, self-reported scales were used to assess stress and mental health characteristics (PSS, DASS, UCLA, RSE, and STAXI). Hair samples were obtained to measure cortisol concentrations as a biological stress marker. Paired-samples t-test or Wilcoxon tests were used to evaluate pre- and post-intervention measures. Overall, 48 civil servants (56.3% women, mean age 51 years) participated in the study. Statistically significant reductions were observed in all self-reported stress scales (p < 0.05). Although hair cortisol decreased, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.109). Statistically significant improvements were also observed on depressive symptomatology (p < 0.001), self-esteem (p < 0.001), loneliness (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p = 0.002), and anger (p = 0.017). The PSAI appeared beneficial with respect to all self-reported outcomes. Larger studies including control groups and further follow-up evaluations are needed to ascertain these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Darviri
- Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Eleni Zigkiri
- Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios S Simos
- Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Charalampopoulou
- Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, First Department of Propaideutic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioulia Kokka
- Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, Outpatient Specialty Clinic for Sexual Health, First Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Panagiotou M, Velegraki IM, Gerakini O, Bacopoulou F, Charalampopoulou M, Louvardi M, Tigani X, Mantzou A, Vlachakis D, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Chrousos GP, Darviri C. Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention Promoted Healthy Dietary Patterns, Controlled Body Mass Index, and Reduced Self-Reported Stress Levels of Primary School Children: Α One-Arm Pilot Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:13-22. [PMID: 37581777 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Stress is common in childhood and an important factor that affects behavior later in adulthood. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention (PSAI), a holistic "cognitive reconstruction" technique to assess primary school children's stress levels, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and body mass index. Secondary outcome measures included relations with peers, sleep, and hair cortisol concentrations. This one-arm pilot study took place in a primary school, from February to June 2019. Participants were 32 pupils attending the second grade of primary school who received the 8-week PSAI to adopt healthy behaviors and lifestyle. Self-report measures were applied for the evaluation of various variables at the beginning and the end of the eight-week intervention. There were statistically significant reductions in stress levels (p = 0.00), nightmares' frequency (p = 0.00), body mass index (p = 0.03), and bully scale (p = 0.00), and improvement in Mediterranean diet quality (p = 0.00). Hair cortisol concentrations increased (p = 0.02). The social scale significantly increased. Bedtime remained the same after the intervention. This pilot trial showed that the PSAI promoted healthy dietary patterns, controlled children's body mass index, and reduced their self-reported stress levels. Further research on the implementation of this holistic program on children is suggested, in well-powered randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Panagiotou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Orsalia Gerakini
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Maya Louvardi
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Xanthi Tigani
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Mantzou
- First Department of Pediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Darviri
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Angelopoulou K, Zaverdinou E, Bacopoulou F, Chrousos GP, Giannakakis G, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Mavrogeni S, Charalampopoulou M, Katimertzi M, Darviri C. The Effect of Pythagorean Self-Awareness on Heart Rate Variability, Perceived Stress and Behavior of Preschool Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9101529. [PMID: 36291465 PMCID: PMC9600468 DOI: 10.3390/children9101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Stress is associated with unhealthy habits and non-communicable diseases. It is also linked to communicable diseases due to its impact on immune function. These can be prevented through intervention programs in schools. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the simplified Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, perceived stress and behaviors of preschool children. The sample of the study consisted of 45 preschool students. A “one group (double) pretest—posttest design” was used, to allow for comparisons of the measurements before and after the intervention. Students were assessed via two questionnaires (“Perceived Stress Scale for Children” (PSS-C) and “Checklist for Screening Behavioral Problems in Preschool Children”) and a photoplethysmographic (PPG) device. The intervention lasted 9 weeks and included practicing of the Pythagorean Self-awareness techniques and the adoption of healthy behaviors. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the two pretests (p > 0.05 for all comparisons) and statistically significant differences between the second pretest and posttest (“Perceived Stress Scale for Children”, (PSS-C) p < 0.0001, “Checklist for Screening Behavioral Problems in Preschool Children” p < 0.0001 and two indices of PPG device: heart rate mean, p < 0.0001, low frequency/very low frequency, p = 0.034). In conclusion, the Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention had a beneficial effect on the sample of preschool students examined, as the results showed an improvement in the perceived stress and the HRV parameters tested, and in engaging healthier behaviors, findings that indicate a relaxed psychologic state and a healthier lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Angelopoulou
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (K.A.); (E.Z.)
| | - Eleni Zaverdinou
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (K.A.); (E.Z.)
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Center for Adolescent Medicine, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - George P. Chrousos
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Center for Adolescent Medicine, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Unit of Clinical and Translational Research in Endocrinology, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos Giannakakis
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 70013 Crete, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maria Charalampopoulou
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Katimertzi
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Darviri
- Postgraduate Course of Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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