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Yin J, Liu G, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Pan Y, Zhang Q, Yu R, Gao S. Gender differences in gliomas: From epidemiological trends to changes at the hormonal and molecular levels. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217114. [PMID: 38992488 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Gender plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of cancer, as well as in the metabolism of nutrients and energy. Men and women display significant differences in the incidence, prognosis, and treatment response across various types of cancer, including certain sex-specific tumors. It has been observed that male glioma patients have a higher incidence and worse prognosis than female patients, but there is currently a limited systematic evaluation of sex differences in gliomas. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the association between fluctuations in sex hormone levels and changes in their receptor expression with the incidence, progression, treatment, and prognosis of gliomas. Estrogen may have a protective effect on glioma patients, while exposure to androgens increases the risk of glioma. We also discussed the specific genetic and molecular differences between genders in terms of the malignant nature and prognosis of gliomas. Factors such as TP53, MGMT methylation status may play a crucial role. Therefore, it is essential to consider the gender of patients while treating glioma, particularly the differences at the hormonal and molecular levels. This approach can help in the adoption of an individualized treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Yin
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Gai Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yuchun Pan
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Qiaoshan Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Shangfeng Gao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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Pais ML, Martins J, Castelo-Branco M, Gonçalves J. Increased susceptibility to kainate-induced seizures in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex: Importance of sex and circadian cycle. Epilepsia Open 2024. [PMID: 39010669 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comorbidity of epilepsy and autism in tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) is very frequent, but the link between these conditions is still poorly understood. To study neurological problems related to autism, the scientific community has been using an animal model of TSC2, Tsc2+/- mice. However, it is still unknown whether this model has the propensity to exhibit increased seizure susceptibility. Further, the importance of sex and/or the circadian cycle in this biological process has never been addressed. This research aimed to determine whether male and female Tsc2+/- mice have altered seizure susceptibility at light and dark phases. METHODS We assessed seizure susceptibility and progression in a Tsc2+/- mouse model using the chemical convulsant kainic acid (KA), a potent agonist of the AMPA/kainate class of glutamate receptors. Both male and female animals at adult age were evaluated during non-active and active periods. Seizure severity was determined by integrating individual scores per mouse according to a modified Racine scale. Locomotor behavior was monitored during control and after KA administration. RESULTS We found increased seizure susceptibility in Tsc2+/- mice with a significant influence of sex and circadian cycle on seizure onset, progression, and behavioral outcomes. While, compared to controls, Tsc2+/- males overall exhibited higher susceptibility independently of circadian cycle, Tsc2+/- females were more susceptible during the dark and post-ovulatory phase. Interestingly, sexual dimorphisms related to KA susceptibility were always reported during light phase independently of the genetic background, with females being the most vulnerable. SIGNIFICANCE The enhanced susceptibility in the Tsc2 mouse model suggests that other neurological alterations, beside brain lesions, may be involved in seizure occurrence for TSC. Importantly, our work highlighted the importance of considering biological sex and circadian cycle for further studies of TSC-related epilepsy research. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder. It causes brain lesions and is linked to epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism. We wanted to investigate epilepsy in this model. We found that these mice have more induced seizures than control animals. Our results show that these mice can be used in future epilepsy research for this disorder. We also found that sex and time of day can influence the results. This must be considered in this type of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana L Pais
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Martins
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Gonçalves
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), R. Santa Comba, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Qin Q, Liu R, Li Z, Liu M, Wu X, Wang H, Yang S, Sun X, Yi X. Resolving candidate genes of duck ovarian tissue transplantation via RNA-Seq and expression network analyses. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103788. [PMID: 38692177 PMCID: PMC11070914 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify candidate genes related to ovarian development after ovarian tissue transplantation through transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and expression network analyses, as well as to provide a reference for determining the molecular mechanism of improving ovarian development following ovarian tissue transplantation. We collected ovarian tissues from 15 thirty-day-old ducks and split each ovary into 4 equal portions of comparable sizes before orthotopically transplanting them into 2-day-old ducks. Samples were collected on days 0 (untransplanted), 3, 6, and 9. The samples were paraffin sectioned and then subjected to Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining and follicular counting. We extracted RNA from ovarian samples via the Trizol method to construct a transcriptome library, which was then sequenced by the Illumina Novaseq 6000 sequencing platform. The sequencing results were examined for differentially expressed genes (DEG) through gene ontology (GO) function and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Some of the candidate genes were selected for verification using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Histological analysis revealed a significant reduction in the number of morphologically normal follicles at 3, 6, and 9 d after ovarian transplantation, along with significantly higher abnormality rates (P < 0.05). The transcriptome analysis results revealed 2,114, 2,224, and 2,257 upregulated DEGs and 2,647, 2,883, and 2,665 downregulated DEGs at 3, 6, and 9 d after ovarian transplantation, respectively. Enrichment analysis revealed the involvement multiple pathways in inflammatory signaling, signal transduction, and cellular processes. Furthermore, WGCNA yielded 13 modules, with 10, 4, and 6 candidate genes mined at 3, 6 and 9 d after ovarian transplantation, respectively. Transcription factor (TF) prediction showed that STAT1 was the most important TF. Finally, the qRT-PCR verification results revealed that 12 candidate genes exhibited an expression trend consistent with sequencing data. In summary, significant differences were observed in the number of follicles in duck ovaries following ovarian transplantation. Candidate genes involved in ovarian vascular remodeling and proliferation were screened using RNA-Seq and WGCNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Rongxu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Zhili Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Midi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Xian Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Shuailiang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Xuyang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China
| | - Xianguo Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan Province, 464000, P. R. China.
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Kaleta M, Oklestkova J, Klíčová K, Kvasnica M, Koníčková D, Menšíková K, Strnad M, Novák O. Simultaneous Determination of Selected Steroids with Neuroactive Effects in Human Serum by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1990-2005. [PMID: 38655788 PMCID: PMC11099924 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroactive steroids are a group of steroid molecules that are involved in the regulation of functions of the nervous system. The nervous system is not only the site of their action, but their biosynthesis can also occur there. Neuroactive steroid levels depend not only on the physiological state of an individual (person's sex, age, diurnal variation, etc.), but they are also affected by various pathological processes in the nervous system (some neurological and psychiatric diseases or injuries), and new knowledge can be gained by monitoring these processes. The aim of our research was to develop and validate a comprehensive method for the simultaneous determination of selected steroids with neuroactive effects in human serum. The developed method enables high throughput and a sensitive quantitative analysis of nine neuroactive steroid substances (pregnenolone, progesterone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanolone, testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and epiandrosterone) in 150 μL of human serum by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The correlation coefficients above 0.999 indicated that the developed analytical procedure was linear in the range of 0.90 nmol/L to 28.46 μmol/L in human serum. The accuracy and precision of the method for all analytes ranged from 83 to 118% and from 0.9 to 14.1%, respectively. This described method could contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of various diseases. Similarly, it can also be helpful in the search for new biomarkers and diagnostic options or therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kaleta
- Laboratory
of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
- Department
of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Oklestkova
- Laboratory
of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Klíčová
- Department
of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Kvasnica
- Laboratory
of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Dorota Koníčková
- Department
of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Menšíková
- Department
of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Neurology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory
of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory
of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
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Yang X, Zheng H, Niu J, Chen X, Li H, Rao Z, Guo Y, Zhang W, Wang Z. Curcumin alleviates zearalenone-induced liver injury in mice by scavenging reactive oxygen species and inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116343. [PMID: 38657456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a compound extracted from turmeric that has a variety of functions including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. As an estrogen-like mycotoxin, zearalenone (ZEN) not only attacks the reproductive system, but also has toxic effects on the liver. However, whether CUR can alleviate ZEN-induced liver injury remains unclear. This paper aims to investigate the protective effect of CUR against ZEN-induced liver injury in mice and explore the molecular mechanism involved. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control (CON) group, CUR group (200 mg/kg b. w. CUR), ZEN group (40 mg/kg b. w. ZEN) and CUR+ZEN group (200 mg/kg b. w. CUR+40 mg/kg b. w. ZEN). 28 d after ZEN exposure and CUR treatment, blood and liver samples were collected for subsequent testing. The results showed that CUR reversed ZEN-induced hepatocyte swelling and necrosis in mice. It significantly reduced the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in mice (p < 0.05). In addition, CUR significantly reduced hepatic ROS, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis levels in mice (p < 0.05). Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that CUR significantly reduced the expression of Bax and Caspase3, and reversed the increase of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 expression in the liver of mice induced by ZEN (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CUR alleviated ZEN-induced liver injury in mice by scavenging ROS and inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yang
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Junlong Niu
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Chen
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Zhiyong Rao
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Yongpeng Guo
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Animal Nutrition Control Laboratory of Henan Agricultural University, China.
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Orda MA, Fowler PMPT, Tayo LL. Modular Hub Genes in DNA Microarray Suggest Potential Signaling Pathway Interconnectivity in Various Glioma Grades. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:206. [PMID: 38666818 PMCID: PMC11048586 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Gliomas have displayed significant challenges in oncology due to their high degree of invasiveness, recurrence, and resistance to treatment strategies. In this work, the key hub genes mainly associated with different grades of glioma, which were represented by pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), oligodendroglioma (OG), anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of microarray datasets retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Through this, four highly correlated modules were observed to be present across the PA (GSE50161), OG (GSE4290), AA (GSE43378), and GBM (GSE36245) datasets. The functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis done through the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) showed that the modules and hub genes identified were mainly involved in signal transduction, transcription regulation, and protein binding, which collectively deregulate several signaling pathways, mainly PI3K/Akt and metabolic pathways. The involvement of several hub genes primarily linked to other signaling pathways, including the cAMP, MAPK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, and calcium signaling pathways, indicates potential interconnectivity and influence on the PI3K/Akt pathway and, subsequently, glioma severity. The Drug Repurposing Encyclopedia (DRE) was used to screen for potential drugs based on the up- and downregulated hub genes, wherein the synthetic progestin hormones norgestimate and ethisterone were the top drug candidates. This shows the potential neuroprotective effect of progesterone against glioma due to its influence on EGFR expression and other signaling pathways. Aside from these, several experimental and approved drug candidates were also identified, which include an adrenergic receptor antagonist, a PPAR-γ receptor agonist, a CDK inhibitor, a sodium channel blocker, a bradykinin receptor antagonist, and a dopamine receptor agonist, which further highlights the gene network as a potential therapeutic avenue for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Orda
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (M.A.O.); (P.M.P.T.F.)
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Peter Matthew Paul T. Fowler
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (M.A.O.); (P.M.P.T.F.)
- Department of Biology, School of Health Sciences, Mapúa University, Makati City 1203, Philippines
| | - Lemmuel L. Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (M.A.O.); (P.M.P.T.F.)
- Department of Biology, School of Health Sciences, Mapúa University, Makati City 1203, Philippines
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Yun HM, Kwon HS, Lee JY, Park KR. Vitexicarpin Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Metastatic Properties via the AKT-PRAS40 Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3582. [PMID: 38612399 PMCID: PMC11012096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, which has poor prognosis after metastasis, is the most common type of bone cancer in children and adolescents. Therefore, plant-derived bioactive compounds are being actively developed for cancer therapy. Artemisia apiacea Hance ex Walp. is a traditional medicinal plant native to Eastern Asia, including China, Japan, and Korea. Vitexicarpin (Vitex), derived from A. apiacea, has demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, and immunoregulatory properties; however, there are no published studies on Vitex isolated from the aerial parts of A. apiacea. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antitumour activity of Vitex against human osteosarcoma cells. In the present study, Vitex (>99% purity) isolated from A. apiacea induced significant cell death in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner; cell death was mediated by apoptosis, as evidenced by the appearance of cleaved-PARP, cleaved-caspase 3, anti-apoptotic proteins (Survivin and Bcl-2), pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax), and cell cycle-related proteins (Cyclin D1, Cdk4, and Cdk6). Additionally, a human phosphokinase array proteome profiler revealed that Vitex suppressed AKT-dependent downstream kinases. Further, Vitex reduced the phosphorylation of PRAS40, which is associated with autophagy and metastasis, induced autophagosome formation, and suppressed programmed cell death and necroptosis. Furthermore, Vitex induced antimetastatic activity by suppressing the migration and invasion of MMP13, which is the primary protease that degrades type I collagen for tumour-induced osteolysis in bone tissues and preferential metastasis sites. Taken together, our results suggest that Vitex is an attractive target for treating human osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Mun Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Kwon
- National Development Institute for Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea; (H.S.K.); (J.Y.L.)
| | - Joon Yeop Lee
- National Development Institute for Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea; (H.S.K.); (J.Y.L.)
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
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Jang B, Yoon D, Lee JY, Kim J, Hong J, Koo H, Sa JK. Integrative multi-omics characterization reveals sex differences in glioblastoma. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:23. [PMID: 38491408 PMCID: PMC10943869 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor in adults, with limited treatment modalities and poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of considering sex differences in cancer incidence, prognosis, molecular disparities, and treatment outcomes across various tumor types, including colorectal adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and GBM. METHODS We performed comprehensive analyses of large-scale multi-omics data (genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data) from TCGA, GLASS, and CPTAC to investigate the genetic and molecular determinants that contribute to the unique clinical properties of male and female GBM patients. RESULTS Our results revealed several key differences, including enrichments of MGMT promoter methylation, which correlated with increased overall and post-recurrence survival and improved response to chemotherapy in female patients. Moreover, female GBM exhibited a higher degree of genomic instability, including aneuploidy and tumor mutational burden. Integrative proteomic and phosphor-proteomic characterization uncovered sex-specific protein abundance and phosphorylation activities, including EGFR activation in males and SPP1 hyperphosphorylation in female patients. Lastly, the identified sex-specific biomarkers demonstrated prognostic significance, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study provides unprecedented insights into the fundamental modulators of tumor progression and clinical outcomes between male and female GBM patients and facilitates sex-specific treatment interventions. Highlights Female GBM patients were characterized by increased MGMT promoter methylation and favorable clinical outcomes compared to male patients. Female GBMs exhibited higher levels of genomic instability, including aneuploidy and TMB. Each sex-specific GBM is characterized by unique pathway dysregulations and molecular subtypes. EGFR activation is prevalent in male patients, while female patients are marked by SPP1 hyperphosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byunghyun Jang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dayoung Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisoo Hong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Harim Koo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jason K Sa
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Cai P, Liu S, Tu Y, Shan T. Toxicity, biodegradation, and nutritional intervention mechanism of zearalenone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168648. [PMID: 37992844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), a global mycotoxin commonly found in a variety of grain products and animal feed, causes damage to the gastrointestinal tract, immune organs, liver and reproductive system. Many treatments, including physical, chemical and biological methods, have been reported for the degradation of ZEA. Each degradation method has different degradation efficacies and distinct mechanisms. In this article, the global pollution status, hazard and toxicity of ZEA are summarized. We also review the biological detoxification methods and nutritional regulation strategies for alleviating the toxicity of ZEA. Moreover, we discuss the molecular detoxification mechanism of ZEA to help explore more efficient detoxification methods to better reduce the global pollution and hazard of ZEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuang Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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10
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Teng H, Wu D, Lu L, Gao C, Wang H, Zhao Y, Wang L. Design and synthesis of 3,4-seco-lupane triterpene derivatives to resist myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction via the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115452. [PMID: 37688986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, 86 new seco-lupane triterpenoid derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized, and their protective activities against ischemia-reperfusion injury were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that most target compounds could protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury in vitro, with compound 85 being the most active and exhibiting more potent protective activity than clinical first-line drugs. Furthermore, all thiophene derivatives exhibited stronger protective activity than furan, pyridine, and pyrazine derivatives, and the protective activity gradually increased with the extension of the alkyl chain and changed in the substituent. The data from the in-vitro and in-vivo experiments revealed that compound 85 protected mitochondria from damage by inhibiting excessive production of oxidative stressors, such as intracellular ROS, which in turn inhibited the apoptosis and necrotize of cardiomyocytes and reduced infarct size, thereby protecting normal cardiac function. It was associated with enhanced activation of the PI3K/AKT-mediated HIF-1α signaling pathway. Therefore, compound 85 acts as an oxidative stress inhibitor, blocks ROS production, protects mitochondria and cells from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, and represents an effective new drug for treating MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Teng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Luo Lu
- Drug Evaluation Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunyu Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Liyan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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11
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Shchelkunova TA, Levina IS, Morozov IA, Rubtsov PM, Goncharov AI, Kuznetsov YV, Zavarzin IV, Smirnova OV. Effects of Progesterone and Selective Ligands of Membrane Progesterone Receptors in HepG2 Cells of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1920-1932. [PMID: 38105209 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone exerts multiple effects in different tissues through nuclear receptors (nPRs) and through membrane receptors (mPRs) of adiponectin and progestin receptor families. The effect of progesterone on the cells through different types of receptors can vary significantly. At the same time, it affects the processes of proliferation and apoptosis in normal and tumor tissues in a dual way, stimulating proliferation and carcinogenesis in some tissues, suppressing them and stimulating cell death in others. In this study, we have shown the presence of high level of mPRβ mRNA and protein in the HepG2 cells of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Expression of other membrane and classical nuclear receptors was not detected. It could imply that mPRβ has an important function in the HepG2 cells. The main goal of the work was to study functions of this protein and mechanisms of its action in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Previously, we have identified selective mPRs ligands, compounds LS-01 and LS-02, which do not interact with nuclear receptors. Their employment allows differentiating the effects of progestins mediated by different types of receptors. Effects of progesterone, LS-01, and LS-02 on proliferation and death of HepG2 cells were studied in this work, as well as activating phosphorylation of two kinases, p38 MAPK and JNK, under the action of three steroids. It was shown that all three progestins after 72 h of incubation with the cells suppressed their viability and stimulated appearance of phosphatidylserine on the outer surface of the membranes, which was detected by binding of annexin V, but they did not affect DNA fragmentation of the cell nuclei. Progesterone significantly reduced expression of the proliferation marker genes and stimulated expression of the p21 protein gene, but had a suppressive effect on the expression of some proapoptotic factor genes. All three steroids activated JNK in these cells, but had no effect on the p38 MAPK activity. The effects of progesterone and selective mPRs ligands in HepG2 cells were the same in terms of suppression of proliferation and stimulation of apoptotic changes in outer membranes, therefore, they were mediated through interaction with mPRβ. JNK is a member of the signaling cascade activated in these cells by the studied steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inna S Levina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan A Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Petr M Rubtsov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey I Goncharov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Yury V Kuznetsov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Igor V Zavarzin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V Smirnova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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12
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Bello-Alvarez C, Zamora-Sánchez CJ, Peña-Gutiérrez KM, Camacho-Arroyo I. Progesterone and its metabolite allopregnanolone promote invasion of human glioblastoma cells through metalloproteinase‑9 and cSrc kinase. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:223. [PMID: 37153033 PMCID: PMC10157356 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are the most aggressive and common primary brain tumors in adults. Glioblastoma cells have a great capacity to migrate and invade the brain parenchyma, often reaching the contralateral hemisphere. Progesterone (P4) and its metabolite, allopregnanolone (3α-THP), promote the migration and invasion of human glioblastoma-derived cells. P4 induces migration in glioblastoma cells by the activation of the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (cSrc) and focal adhesion kinase (Fak). In breast cancer cells, cSrc and Fak promote invasion by increasing the expression and activation of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, the mechanism of action by which P4 and 3a-THP promote invasion in glioblastoma cells remains unclear. The effects of P4 and 3α-THP on the protein expression levels of MMP-2 and -9 and the participation of cSrc in progestin effects in U251 and U87 human glioblastoma-derived cells were evaluated. It was determined by western blotting that the P4 increased the protein expression level of MMP-9 in U251 and U87 cells, and 3α-THP increased the protein expression level of MMP-9 in U87 cells. None of these progestins modified MMP-2 protein expression levels. The increase in MMP-9 expression was reduced when the intracellular progesterone receptor and cSrc expression were blocked with small interfering RNAs. Cell invasion induced by P4 and 3α-THP was also blocked by inhibiting cSrc activity with PP2 or by cSrc gene silencing. These results suggest that P4 and its metabolite 3α-THP induce the invasion of glioblastoma cells by increasing MMP-9 expression through the cSrc kinase family. The results of this study provide information of interest in the context of targeted therapies against molecular pathways involved in glioblastoma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Carmen J. Zamora-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Karla M. Peña-Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence to: Dr Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo, Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenue Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico, E-mail:
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13
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Norris JN, Waack AL, Becker KN, Keener M, Hoyt A, Reinard K. Glioblastoma in pregnant patient with pathologic and exogenous sex hormone exposure and family history of high-grade glioma: A case report and review of the literature. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:169. [PMID: 37292394 PMCID: PMC10246315 DOI: 10.25259/sni_58_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) incidence is higher in males, suggesting sex hormones may influence GBM tumorigenesis. Patients with GBM and altered sex hormone states could offer insight into a relationship between the two. Most GBMs arise sporadically and heritable genetic influence on GBM development is poorly understood, but reports describing familial GBM suggest genetic predispositions exist. However, no existing reports examine GBM development in context of both supraphysiologic sex hormone states and familial predisposition for GBM. We present a case of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild type GBM in a young pregnant female with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), history of in vitro fertilization (IVF), and significant family history of GBM and further discuss how unique sex hormone states and genetics may affect GBM development or progression. Case Description A 35-year-old pregnant female with PCOS and recent history of IVF treatment and frozen embryo transfer presented with seizure and headache. Imaging revealed a right frontal brain mass. Molecular and histopathological analysis of the resected tumor supported a diagnosis of IDH-wild type GBM. The patient's family medical history was significant for GBM. Current literature indicates testosterone promotes GBM cell proliferation, while estrogen and progesterone effects vary with receptor subtype and hormone concentration, respectively. Conclusion Sex hormones and genetics likely exert influence on GBM development and progression that may compound with concurrence. Here, we describe a unique case of GBM in a young pregnant patient with a family history of glioma and atypical sex hormone exposure due to endocrine disorder and pregnancy assisted by exogenous IVF hormone administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan N. Norris
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Andrew L. Waack
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Kathryn N. Becker
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Myles Keener
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Alastair Hoyt
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Kevin Reinard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Promedica, Toledo, Ohio, United States
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14
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Tamburello M, Abate A, Rossini E, Basnet RM, Zizioli D, Cosentini D, Hantel C, Laganà M, Tiberio GAM, Grisanti S, Memo M, Berruti A, Sigala S. Preclinical Evidence of Progesterone as a New Pharmacological Strategy in Human Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076829. [PMID: 37047801 PMCID: PMC10095539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a dismal prognosis. The treatment includes mitotane and EDP chemotherapy (etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin). However, new therapeutic approaches for advanced ACC are needed, particularly targeting the metastatic process. Here, we deepen the role of progesterone as a new potential drug for ACC, in line with its antitumoral effect in other cancers. Methods: NCI-H295R, MUC-1, and TVBF-7 cell lines were used and xenografted in zebrafish embryos. Migration and invasion were studied using transwell assays, and MMP2 activity was studied using zymography. Apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Progesterone significantly reduced xenograft tumor area and metastasis formation in embryos injected with metastatic lines, MUC-1 and TVBF-7. These results were confirmed in vitro, where the reduction of invasion was mediated, at least in part, by the decrease in MMP2 levels. Progesterone exerted a long-lasting effect in metastaticcells. Progesterone caused apoptosis in NCI-H295R and MUC-1, inducing changes in the cell-cycle distribution, while autophagy was predominantly activated in TVBF-7 cells. Conclusion: Our results give support to the role of progesterone in ACC. The involvement of its analog (megestrol acetate) in reducing ACC progression in ACC patients undergoing EDP-M therapy is now under investigation in the PESETA phase II clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Tamburello
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Abate
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rossini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Ram Manohar Basnet
- Section of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Zizioli
- Section of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Deborah Cosentini
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marta Laganà
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido Alberto Massimo Tiberio
- Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia at ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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15
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Luo Y, Hao L, Liu C, Xiang Y, Han X, Bo Y, Han Z, Wang Z, Wang Y. Prognostic model for predicting overall survival in patients with glioblastoma: an analysis based on the SEER database. J Investig Med 2023; 71:439-447. [PMID: 36935629 DOI: 10.1177/10815589221147153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) has always been important for improving survival. An understanding of the prognostic factors for patients with GBM can help guide treatment. Herein, we aimed to construct a prognostic model for predicting overall survival (OS) for patients with GBM. We identified 11,375 patients with pathologically confirmed GBM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2004 and 2015. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival probabilities were 48.8%, 22.5%, and 13.1%, respectively. The patients were randomly divided into the training cohort (n = 8531) and the validation cohort (n = 2844). A Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of patients in the training cohort, and a nomogram was constructed. Then concordance indexes (C-indexes), calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the performance of the nomograms by internal (training cohort) and external validation (validation cohort). Log-rank test and univariate analysis showed that age, race, marital status, extent of surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation were the prognostic factors for patients with GBM (p < 0.05), which were used to construct nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.717 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.710-0.724) in the training cohort, and 0.724 (95% CI, 0.713-0.735) in the validation cohort. The nomogram had a higher areas under the ROC curve value. The nomogram was well validated, which can effectively predict the OS of patients with GBM. Thus, this nomogram could be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingyu Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenchao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijia Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yin Bo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenfeng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Zengguang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
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16
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Chelakkot C, Chelakkot VS, Shin Y, Song K. Modulating Glycolysis to Improve Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2606. [PMID: 36768924 PMCID: PMC9916680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming and switch to a 'glycolysis-dominant' metabolic profile to promote their survival and meet their requirements for energy and macromolecules. This phenomenon, also known as the 'Warburg effect,' provides a survival advantage to the cancer cells and make the tumor environment more pro-cancerous. Additionally, the increased glycolytic dependence also promotes chemo/radio resistance. A similar switch to a glycolytic metabolic profile is also shown by the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, inducing a competition between the cancer cells and the tumor-infiltrating cells over nutrients. Several recent studies have shown that targeting the enhanced glycolysis in cancer cells is a promising strategy to make them more susceptible to treatment with other conventional treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. Although several targeting strategies have been developed and several of them are in different stages of pre-clinical and clinical evaluation, there is still a lack of effective strategies to specifically target cancer cell glycolysis to improve treatment efficacy. Herein, we have reviewed our current understanding of the role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and how targeting this phenomenon could be a potential strategy to improve the efficacy of conventional cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vipin Shankar Chelakkot
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Youngkee Shin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01366, Republic of Korea
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17
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Zhou Y, Xiao X, Peng C, Song D, Ouyang F, Wang L. Progesterone induces glioblastoma cell apoptosis by coactivating extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Mol Cell Toxicol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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de Lucio Delgado A, Villegas Rubio JA, Riaño-Galán I, Pérez Gordón J. Effect of the Use of Gnrh Analogs in Low-Grade Cerebral Glioma. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10010115. [PMID: 36670665 PMCID: PMC9856414 DOI: 10.3390/children10010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-grade gliomas are the most common brain tumors in children. This tumor type presents a wide range of clinical, histological, and biological behaviors. In recent years, an association between estrogens and progesterone and the development of tumors has been suggested. A case of a 2-year-old girl is described with a low-grade brain tumor treated with chemotherapy and disease stabilization. The treatment with Decapeptyl® was initiated due to precocious puberty, and the tumor showed a decrease in its solid component-more than 50% of the initial size-three years after starting treatment. Several studies have described the influence of estrogen and progesterone on the development of gliomas, decreasing or increasing their expression in those tumors with greater aggressiveness, respectively. Despite the fact that the tumor-hormonal expression relationship in other tumor types has been evaluated, its role in the treatment of brain tumors remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana de Lucio Delgado
- Oncology Pediatric Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Pérez Gordón
- Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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19
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Bello-Alvarez C, Zamora-Sánchez CJ, Camacho-Arroyo I. Rapid Actions of the Nuclear Progesterone Receptor through cSrc in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121964. [PMID: 35741094 PMCID: PMC9221966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) is mainly known for its role as a ligand-regulated transcription factor. However, in the last ten years, this receptor’s extranuclear or rapid actions have gained importance in the context of physiological and pathophysiological conditions such as cancer. The PR’s polyproline (PXPP) motif allows protein–protein interaction through SH3 domains of several cytoplasmatic proteins, including the Src family kinases (SFKs). Among members of this family, cSrc is the most well-characterized protein in the scenario of rapid actions of the PR in cancer. Studies in breast cancer have provided the most detailed information on the signaling and effects triggered by the cSrc–PR interaction. Nevertheless, the study of this phenomenon and its consequences has been underestimated in other types of malignancies, especially those not associated with the reproductive system, such as glioblastomas (GBs). This review will provide a detailed analysis of the impact of the PR–cSrc interplay in the progression of some non-reproductive cancers, particularly, in GBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| | - Carmen J Zamora-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México C.P. 0451, Mexico
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20
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Allopregnanolone Promotes Migration and Invasion of Human Glioblastoma Cells through the Protein Tyrosine Kinase c-Src Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094996. [PMID: 35563388 PMCID: PMC9105169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs) are the most aggressive and common primary malignant brain tumors. Steroid hormone progesterone (P4) and its neuroactive metabolites, such as allopregnanolone (3α-THP) are synthesized by neural, glial, and malignant GB cells. P4 promotes cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion of human GB cells at physiological concentrations. It has been reported that 3α-THP promotes GB cell proliferation. Here we investigated the effects of 3α-THP on GB cell migration and invasion, the participation of the enzymes involved in its metabolism (AKR1C1-4), and the role of the c-Src kinase in 3α-THP effects in GBs. 3α-THP 100 nM promoted migration and invasion of U251, U87, and LN229 human-derived GB cell lines. We observed that U251, LN229, and T98G cell lines exhibited a higher protein content of AKR1C1-4 than normal human astrocytes. AKR1C1-4 silencing did not modify 3α-THP effects on migration and invasion. 3α-THP activated c-Src protein at 10 min (U251 cells) and 15 min (U87 and LN229 cells). Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of c-Src decreases the promoting effects of 3α-THP on cell migration and invasion. Together, these data indicate that 3α-THP promotes GB migration and invasion through c-Src activation.
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Mansour SM, Ibrahim RYM. Zofenopril antitumor activity in mice bearing Ehrlich solid carcinoma: Modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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22
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Goncharov AI, Levina IS, Shliapina VL, Morozov IA, Rubtsov PM, Zavarzin IV, Smirnova OV, Shchelkunova TA. Cytotoxic Effects of the Selective Ligands of Membrane Progesterone Receptors in Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cells BxPC3. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1446-1460. [PMID: 34906046 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone and its synthetic analogues act on cells through different types of receptors, affecting proliferation and apoptosis. These compounds exert their effect through the nuclear receptors and the insufficiently studied membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) belonging to the progestin and adiponectin Q receptor (PAQR) family. We have identified two selective ligands of mPRs that activate only this type of progesterone receptors - 19-hydroxypregn-4-en-20-one (LS-01) and 19-hydroxy-5β-pregn-3-en-20-one (LS-02). The goal of this work is to study the effect of these compounds on proliferation and death of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells BxPC3 and involvement of the two kinases (p38 MAPK and JNK) in signaling pathways activated by progestins through mPRs. It was shown that progesterone and the compound LS-01 significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the BxPC3 cell viability, with JNK serving as a mediator. The identified targets of these two steroids are the genes of the proteins Ki67, cyclin D1, PCNA, and p21. Progesterone and the compound LS-01 significantly (p < 0.05) stimulate DNA fragmentation, enhancing the cell death. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a key mediator of this process. The BCL2A1 protein gene was identified as a target of both steroids. The compound LS-02 significantly (p < 0.05) alters membrane permeability and changes the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer membrane leaflet, also enhancing the cell death. This compound acts on these processes by activating both kinases, JNK and p38 MAPK. The compound LS-02 targets the genes encoding the proteins HRK, caspase 9, and DAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey I Goncharov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Inna S Levina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Ivan A Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Petr M Rubtsov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Igor V Zavarzin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V Smirnova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Ahmed LA, Mohamed AF, Abd El-Haleim EA, El-Tanbouly DM. Boosting Akt Pathway by Rupatadine Modulates Th17/Tregs Balance for Attenuation of Isoproterenol-Induced Heart Failure in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:651150. [PMID: 33995066 PMCID: PMC8121023 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.651150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of Th17/Tregs homeostasis plays a crucial role in governing the immune response during myocardial fibrosis and its progression to heart failure. The present study aimed to assess for the first time the possible protection afforded by rupatadine against isoproterenol-induced heart failure in rats. It also explored the role of PI3k/Akt as a possible mechanistic pathway, through which rupatadine could modulate Th17/Tregs balance to display its effect. Isoproterenol (85 and 170 mg/kg/day) was injected subcutaneously for 2 successive days, respectively and rupatadine (4 mg/kg/day) was then given orally for 14 days with or without wortmannin (PI3K/Akt inhibitor). Rupatadine succeeded to completely ameliorate isoproterenol-induced cardiac dysfunction as demonstrated by improvements of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic measurements. Moreover, rupatadine prevented the marked elevation of PAF and oxidative stress in addition to Th17 promoting cytokines (IL-6, IL-23, and TGF-β). Accordingly, rupatadine prevented Th17 stimulation or expansion as indicated by increased Foxp3/RORγt ratio and decreased production of its pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-17). Rupatadine treatment mitigated isoproterenol-induced activation of STAT-3 signaling and the imbalance in p-Akt/total Akt ratio affording marked decrease in atrogin-1 and apoptotic biomarkers. Finally, this therapy was effective in averting cardiac troponin loss and reverting the histological alterations as assessed by myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy grading. Contrariwise, co-administration of wortmannin mostly attenuated the protective effects of rupatadine affording more or less similar results to that of isoproterenol-untreated rats. In conclusion, rupatadine could be an effective therapy against the development of isoproterenol-induced heart failure where PI3K/Akt pathway seems to play a crucial role in its protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamiaa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhao Y, Wang T, Li P, Chen J, Nepovimova E, Long M, Wu W, Kuca K. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10 can alleviate aflatoxin B1-induced kidney oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112286. [PMID: 33933810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) widely exists in food and feed, which seriously endangers human and animal health. How to detoxify AFB1 is a research hotspot at present. This study attempts to use the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10, one of probiotics strain as the research object to ascertain whether it can alleviate the kidney injury induced by AFB1 in mice and its mechanism. Fifty-six mice were divided into four groups (control, AFB1, AFB1 + B10, and B10). The mice that received intragastric administration for 28 days were euthanised, and serum was collected for biochemical index detection with fresh kidney tissue taken for HE staining, TUNEL detection, and protein expression detection. Our results showed that the biochemical indices changed, significant pathological changes appeared, the number of apoptotic cells increased in the kidney tissue of the AFB1 group mice; the protein expressions of Nrf2, HO-1,AKT, P-AKT, and Bcl-2 in the AFB1 group were significantly decreased; the protein expressions of Keap-1, PTEN, Bax, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 were significantly increased. After B. amyloliquefaciens B10 co-treatment, compared with the AFB1 group, the biochemical indices, pathological changes, and protein expressions were significantly reversed. The results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens B10 can alleviate AFB1-induced kidney injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqi Zhao
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Atif F, Yousuf S, Espinosa-Garcia C, Stein DG. Progesterone Modulates Mitochondrial Functions in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3805-3816. [PMID: 33847913 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A substantial literature supports the notion that cancer is a metabolic disease. Mitochondria are sexually dimorphic, and progesterone (P4) plays a key regulatory role in mitochondrial functions. We investigated the effect of P4 on mitochondrial functions in three human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines. In dose-response and time-response studies, GBM cells were exposed to different concentrations of P4 followed by mitochondrial stress-testing with a Seahorse analyzer. Data were analyzed for oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and spare respiratory capacity (SRC) to determine the effects of P4 exposure on mitochondrial respiration and rate of glycolysis. We also examined the effect of P4 on mitochondrial superoxide radical generation by confocal microscopy. As early as 1h post-P4 exposure, we found a substantial dose-dependent inhibitory effect of P4 on OCR, ECAR, and SRC in all GBM cell lines. P4 treatment altered the levels of basal respiration, maximum respiration, nonmitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP production, and proton leak. P4 given at 80-μM concentration showed the maximum inhibitory effect compared to controls. Live imaging data showed an 11-22% increase in superoxide radical generation in all three GBM cell lines following 6h exposure to a high concentration of P4. Our data show that high-dose P4 exerts an inhibitory effect on both mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in GBM cells. These effects would lead to decreased tumor size and rate of growth, representing a potential treatment to control the spread of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Atif
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Seema Yousuf
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Claudia Espinosa-Garcia
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Donald G Stein
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, Room 655A, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology Program, Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Suhito IR, Angeline N, Lee KH, Kim H, Park CG, Luo Z, Kim TH. A Spheroid-Forming Hybrid Gold Nanostructure Platform That Electrochemically Detects Anticancer Effects of Curcumin in a Multicellular Brain Cancer Model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2002436. [PMID: 32954643 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a multifunctional platform that enables the highly efficient formation of 3D multicellular cancer spheroids and precise real-time assessments of the anticancer effects of curcumin in a brain tumor coculture model is reported. A highly conductive gold nanostructure (HCGN) is fabricated to facilitate cancer spheroid formation without using anti-cell adhesion molecules. A neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and glioblastoma (U-87MG) coculture model is generated on HCGN with a specific cell-to-cell ratio (SH-SY5Y: U-87MG = 1:1), and their redox behaviors are successfully measured without destroying the distinct 3D structure of the multicellular spheroids. Using electrochemical signals as an indicator of spheroid viability, the effects of potential anticancer compounds on cocultured spheroids are further assessed. Remarkably, decreased cell viability in 3D spheroids caused by a low concentration of curcumin (30 µM) is detectable using the electrochemical method (29.4%) but not with a conventional colorimetric assay (CCK-8). The detection is repeated more than ten times for both short- (63 h) and long-term cultivation (144 h) without damaging the spheroids, enabling real-time, non-destructive pharmacokinetic analysis of various drug candidates. Therefore, it can be concluded that the hybrid platform is a highly promising, precise, and high-throughput drug screening tool based on 3D cell cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intan Rosalina Suhito
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Novi Angeline
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
- Integrative Research Center for Two-Dimensional Functional Materials, Institute of Interdisciplinary Convergence Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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Bello-Alvarez C, Camacho-Arroyo I. Impact of sex in the prevalence and progression of glioblastomas: the role of gonadal steroid hormones. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:28. [PMID: 33752729 PMCID: PMC7986260 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As in other types of cancers, sex is an essential factor in the origin and progression of glioblastomas. Research in the field of endocrinology and cancer suggests that gonadal steroid hormones play an important role in the progression and prevalence of glioblastomas. In the present review, we aim to discuss the actions and mechanism triggered by gonadal steroid hormones in glioblastomas. MAIN BODY Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. According to the epidemiological data, glioblastomas are more frequent in men than in women in a 1.6/1 proportion both in children and adults. This evidence, and the knowledge about sex influence over the prevalence of countless diseases, suggest that male gonadal steroid hormones, such as testosterone, promote glioblastomas growth. In contrast, a protective role of female gonadal steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) against glioblastomas has been questioned. Several pieces of evidence demonstrate a variety of effects induced by female and male gonadal steroid hormones in glioblastomas. Several studies indicate that pregnancy, a physiological state with the highest progesterone and estradiol levels, accelerates the progression of low-grade astrocytomas to glioblastomas and increases the symptoms associated with these tumors. In vitro studies have demonstrated that progesterone has a dual role in glioblastoma cells: physiological concentrations promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while very high doses (out physiological range) reduce cell proliferation and increases cell death. CONCLUSION Gonadal steroid hormones can stimulate the progression of glioblastomas through the increase in proliferation, migration, and invasion. However, the effects mentioned above depend on the concentrations of these hormones and the receptor involved in hormone actions. Estradiol and progesterone can exert promoter or protective effects while the role of testosterone has been always associated to glioblastomas progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bello-Alvarez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
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Levina IS, Kuznetsov YV, Shchelkunova TA, Zavarzin IV. Selective ligands of membrane progesterone receptors as a key to studying their biological functions in vitro and in vivo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 207:105827. [PMID: 33497793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone modulates many processes in the body, acting through nuclear receptors (nPR) in various organs and tissues. However, a number of effects are mediated by membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs), which are members of the progestin and adipoQ (PAQR) receptor family. These receptors are found in most tissues and immune cells. They are expressed in various cancer cells and appear to play an important role in the development of tumors. The role of mPRs in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome has also attracted attention. Since progesterone efficiently binds to both nPRs and mPRs, investigation of the functions of the mPRs both at the level of the whole body and at the cell level requires ligands that selectively interact with mPRs, but not with nPRs, with an affinity comparable with that of the natural hormone. The development of such ligands faces difficulties primarily due to the lack of data on the three-dimensional structure of the ligand-binding site of mPR. This review is the first attempt to summarize available data on the structures of compounds interacting with mPRs and analyze them in terms of the differences in binding to membrane and nuclear receptors. Based on the identified main structural fragments of molecules, which affect the efficiency of binding to mPRs and are responsible for the selectivity of interactions, we propose directions of modification of the steroid scaffold to create new selective mPRs ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna S Levina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Yury V Kuznetsov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Tatiana A Shchelkunova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Igor V Zavarzin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Afshari AR, Mollazadeh H, Mohtashami E, Soltani A, Soukhtanloo M, Hosseini A, Jalili-Nik M, Vahedi MM, Roshan MK, Sahebkar A. Protective Role of Natural Products in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Focus on Nitric Oxide Pathway. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:377-400. [PMID: 32000638 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200130104757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In spite of therapeutic modalities such as surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) remains an incurable fatal disease. This necessitates further therapeutic options that could enhance the efficacy of existing modalities. Nitric Oxide (NO), a short-lived small molecule, has been revealed to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of GBM. Several studies have demonstrated that NO is involved in apoptosis, metastasis, cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and many other processes implicated in GBM pathobiology. Herein, we elaborate on the role of NO as a therapeutic target in GBM and discuss some natural products affecting the NO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohtashami
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Karimi Roshan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Wu C, Shu G, Huang H, Pang K, Yang X, Yang G. Methylgerambullin derived from plant Glyccsmis pentaphylla (Retz) correa. Mediates anti-hepatocellular carcinoma cancer effect by activating mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling and inhibiting AKT and STAT3 pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 149:112031. [PMID: 33529679 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common fatal malignant tumors. Glycosmis pentaphylla is used by traditional medical practitioners worldwide to treat various diseases. We isolated and identified a chemical component with potential anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effects. Methylgerambullin is a sulfur containing amine and has significant antihepatoma activity in vitro and in vivo. Methylgerambullin was significantly cytotoxic to HCC cells and induces apoptosis in HCC cells. In addition, methylgerambullin is able to inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice without significant toxicity. Regarding the anti-cancer mechanism of methylgerambullin, treatment with methylgerambullin increased the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax in vitro and in vivo and reduce the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Simultaneously, methylgerambullin can also affect ERS-related proteins, inhibit Protein Kinase B (Akt) activity, cause dephosphorylation of downstream Bad, and inhibit the expression of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) protein to inhibit HCC cells proliferation. Overall, these results suggest that methylgerambullin can inhibit HCC cells proliferation by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis, activating ERS signaling pathways and inhibiting the Akt and STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huiqi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Kejian Pang
- Hotian Uygur Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hotian, 848200, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Astrocytoma: A Hormone-Sensitive Tumor? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239114. [PMID: 33266110 PMCID: PMC7730176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytomas and, in particular, their most severe form, glioblastoma, are the most aggressive primary brain tumors and those with the poorest vital prognosis. Standard treatment only slightly improves patient survival. Therefore, new therapies are needed. Very few risk factors have been clearly identified but many epidemiological studies have reported a higher incidence in men than women with a sex ratio of 1:4. Based on these observations, it has been proposed that the neurosteroids and especially the estrogens found in higher concentrations in women's brains could, in part, explain this difference. Estrogens can bind to nuclear or membrane receptors and potentially stimulate many different interconnected signaling pathways. The study of these receptors is even more complex since many isoforms are produced from each estrogen receptor encoding gene through alternative promoter usage or splicing, with each of them potentially having a specific role in the cell. The purpose of this review is to discuss recent data supporting the involvement of steroids during gliomagenesis and to focus on the potential neuroprotective role as well as the mechanisms of action of estrogens in gliomas.
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Wang SS, Li K, Liu Z, Gui S, Liu N, Liu X. Aerobic exercise ameliorates benign prostatic hyperplasia in obese mice through downregulating the AR/androgen/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Gerontol 2020; 143:111152. [PMID: 33189835 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence has suggested that physical activities can reduce the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Here, we evaluated the effect of aerobic exercise in a model of BPH using obese mice. METHODS Obese C57BL/6J mice in the control group, obesity group (OB), and obesity group plus exercise (OB + E) with eight weeks training were inspected for morphological alterations via hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, lipid and sex hormone metabolites via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), relative protein expression via Western blotting, and prostate cancer-up-regulated long noncoding RNA (PlncRNA) and androgen receptor (AR) mRNA levels via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Aerobic exercise training slowed fat-mass gain in OB mice. Prostate volume (PV) and area of lumen was significantly decreased in OB mice and was slightly increased following aerobic exercise. Epithelial volume density in the OB group was higher than that in the control group. Furthermore, aerobic exercise lowered serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, whereas it raised high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in OB + E mice. Additionally, the hormonal ratio of estradiol/testosterone (E2/T) approached that of the control group following aerobic exercise in OB + E mice. Mechanistically, aerobic exercise downregulated the PlncRNA-AR/androgen signaling pathway via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) axis in the prostates of OB + E mice. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that aerobic exercise may alleviate BPH in obese mice through regulation of the AR/androgen/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Li
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shukang Gui
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Nian Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyun Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
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Ciusani E, Vasco C, Rizzo A, Girgenti V, Padelli F, Pellegatta S, Fariselli L, Bruzzone MG, Salmaggi A. MR-Spectroscopy and Survival in Mice with High Grade Glioma Undergoing Unrestricted Ketogenic Diet. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2315-2322. [PMID: 32954880 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1822423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered the most malignant form of primary brain tumor. Despite multimodal treatment, prognosis remains poor. Ketogenic diet (KD) has been suggested for the treatment of GBM. In this study, the syngenic, orthotopic GL261 mouse glioma model was used to evaluate the effects of KD on the metabolic responses of the tumor using 7T magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy. GL261 cells were injected into the caudate nucleus of mice. Following implantation, animals were fed with standard chow or underwent a KD. 18 days after initiating the diet, mice fed with KD displayed significantly higher plasmatic levels of ketone bodies and survived longer than those fed with the standard diet. Decreased concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid, N-Acetyl-Aspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate were found in tumor tissue after 9 days into the KD, while a huge increase in beta-hydroxybutyrate (bHB) was detected in tumor tissue as compared to normal brain. The accumulation of bHB in the tumor tissue in mice undergoing the KD, may suggest either elevated uptake/release of bHB by tumor cells, or the inability of tumor cells in this context to use it for mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Ciusani
- Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vasco
- Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Rizzo
- Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Vita Girgenti
- Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Padelli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Pellegatta
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fariselli
- Radiotherapy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neuroscience Department-Neurology/Stroke Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
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Ma K, Zhang C, Li W. TGF-β is associated with poor prognosis and promotes osteosarcoma progression via PI3K/Akt pathway activation. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2327-2339. [PMID: 32804027 PMCID: PMC7513842 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1805552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine with important functions in cell proliferation and differentiation. TGF-β is highly expressed in several types of cancers and promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the role of TGF-β in osteosarcoma progression is poorly understood. In the present study, we found that TGF-β is highly expressed in osteosarcoma cells and tissues, and is associated with high Ennecking stage (P = 0.033), metastasis, and recurrence. TGF-β-knockdown osteosarcoma cell lines were established using siRNA (si-TGF-β). Cells transfected with si-TGF-β exhibited significantly reduced proliferation, migration/invasion, and colony formation abilities, and increased levels of cell apoptosis. In addition, si-TGF-β treatment reduced spheroid size, the ratio of CD133-positive cells, and expression of SOX-2, Nanog, and Oct-3/4 in osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistically, PI3K/mTOR phosphorylation is inhibited by TGF-β knockdown. Pretreatment with 25 µM LY294002, a PI3K-specific inhibitor, further enhanced the si-TGF-β-induced suppression of osteosarcoma progression. Taken together, these results reveal a novel role for TGF-β in osteosarcoma progression and modulation of stemness-related traits and indicate that TGF-β may be of value as a therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ma
- Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province and Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province , Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province and Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province , Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Wuyin Li
- Luoyang Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province and Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province , Luoyang, Henan, P. R. China
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Chen S, Yang S, Wang M, Chen J, Huang S, Wei Z, Cheng Z, Wang H, Long M, Li P. Curcumin inhibits zearalenone-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in Leydig cells via modulation of the PTEN/Nrf2/Bip signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 141:111385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Altinoz MA, Ucal Y, Yilmaz MC, Kiris İ, Ozisik O, Sezerman U, Ozpinar A, Elmaci İ. Progesterone at high doses reduces the growth of U87 and A172 glioblastoma cells: Proteomic changes regarding metabolism and immunity. Cancer Med 2020; 9:5767-5780. [PMID: 32590878 PMCID: PMC7433824 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While pregnancy may accelerate glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) growth, parity and progesterone (P4) containing treatments (ie, hormone replacement therapy) reduce the risk of GBM development. In parallel, low and high doses of P4 exert stimulating and inhibitory actions on GBM growth, respectively. The mechanisms behind the high‐dose P4‐suppression of GBM growth is unknown. In the present study, we assessed the changes in growth and proteomic profiles when high‐dose P4 (100 and 300 µM) was administered in human U87 and A172 GBM cell lines. The xCELLigence system was used to examine cell growth when different concentrations of P4 (20, 50, 100, and 300 µM) was administered. The protein profiles were determined by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis in both cell lines when 100 and 300 µM P4 were administered. Finally, the pathways enriched by the differentially expressed proteins were assessed using bioinformatic tools. Increasing doses of P4 blocked the growth of both GBM cells. We identified 26 and 51 differentially expressed proteins (fc > 2) in A172 and U87 cell lines treated with P4, respectively. Only the pro‐tumorigenic mitochondrial ornithine aminotransferase and anti‐apoptotic mitochondrial 60 kDa heat shock protein were downregulated in A172 cell line and U87 cell line when treated with P4, respectively. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species, cellular response to stress, glucose metabolism, and immunity‐related proteins were altered in P4‐treated GBM cell lines. The paradox on the effect of low and high doses of P4 on GBM growth is gaining attention. The mechanism related to the high dose of P4 on GBM growth can be explained by the alterations in detoxification mechanisms, stress, and immune response and glucose metabolism. P4 suppresses GBM growth and as it is nontoxic in comparison to classical chemotherapeutics, it can be used as a new strategy in GBM treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meric A Altinoz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ucal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muazzez C Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İrem Kiris
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan Ozisik
- Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, Inserm, MMG, Marseille, France
| | - Ugur Sezerman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ozpinar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlhan Elmaci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Maslak Hospital and School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chu L, Yu L, Liu J, Song S, Yang H, Han F, Liu F, Hu Y. Long intergenic non-coding LINC00657 regulates tumorigenesis of glioblastoma by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-190a-3p. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:1456-1470. [PMID: 30837348 PMCID: PMC6428093 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To detect the aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs in glioblastoma, two pairs of glioblastoma and adjacent normal tissues were firstly analyzed by RNA sequencing. Long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00657 was considered to play a vital role in glioblastoma based on the results of RNA sequencing. Hence, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which LINC00657 regulated the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma. The level of LINC00657 in 40 glioblastoma samples and glioblastoma cell lines was detected by RT-qPCR. LINC00657 was significantly decreased in patients with glioblastoma compared with adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of LINC00657 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration in glioma cells via inducing apoptosis. Dual luciferase report assay indicated LINC00657 was the target of miR-190a-3p. Overexpression of LINC00657 greatly inhibited the relative amount of miR-190a-3p. Besides, miR-190a-3p was found to be a negative regulator of PTEN. Additionally, active-caspase 3 was increased in cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-LINC00657. Finally, in vitro results were further confirmed by in vivo studies using nude mice bearing with glioblastoma tumors. In conclusion, LINC00657 was effective in inhibiting glioblastoma by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-190a-3p to regulate PTEN expression. Therefore, targeting LINC00657 may serve as a potential strategy for the treatment of patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhao Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shibin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yaxin Hu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Hospital affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
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38
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Espinosa-Garcia C, Atif F, Yousuf S, Sayeed I, Neigh GN, Stein DG. Progesterone Attenuates Stress-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Enhances Autophagy following Ischemic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3740. [PMID: 32466385 PMCID: PMC7312827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibition and autophagy induction attenuate inflammation and improve outcome in rodent models of cerebral ischemia. However, the impact of chronic stress on NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagic response to ischemia remains unknown. Progesterone (PROG), a neuroprotective steroid, shows promise in reducing excessive inflammation associated with poor outcome in ischemic brain injury patients with comorbid conditions, including elevated stress. Stress primes microglia, mainly by the release of alarmins such as high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1). HMGB1 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β production. In experiment 1, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to social defeat stress for 8 days and then subjected to global ischemia by the 4-vessel occlusion model, a clinically relevant brain injury associated with cardiac arrest. PROG was administered 2 and 6 h after occlusion and then daily for 7 days. Animals were killed at 7 or 14 days post-ischemia. Here, we show that stress and global ischemia exert a synergistic effect in HMGB1 release, resulting in exacerbation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy impairment in the hippocampus of ischemic animals. In experiment 2, an in vitro inflammasome assay, primary microglia isolated from neonatal brain tissue, were primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and stimulated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP), displaying impaired autophagy and increased IL-1β production. In experiment 3, hippocampal microglia isolated from stressed and unstressed animals, were stimulated ex vivo with LPS, exhibiting similar changes than primary microglia. Treatment with PROG reduced HMGB1 release and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and enhanced autophagy in stressed and unstressed ischemic animals. Pre-treatment with an autophagy inhibitor blocked Progesterone's (PROG's) beneficial effects in microglia. Our data suggest that modulation of microglial priming is one of the molecular mechanisms by which PROG ameliorates ischemic brain injury under stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Espinosa-Garcia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (F.A.); (S.Y.); (I.S.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Fahim Atif
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (F.A.); (S.Y.); (I.S.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Seema Yousuf
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (F.A.); (S.Y.); (I.S.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Iqbal Sayeed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (F.A.); (S.Y.); (I.S.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Gretchen N. Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
| | - Donald G. Stein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (F.A.); (S.Y.); (I.S.); (D.G.S.)
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Fatemi Abhari SM, Khanbabaei R, Hayati Roodbari N, Parivar K, Yaghmaei P. Curcumin-loaded super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle affects on apoptotic factors expression and histological changes in a prepubertal mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome-induced by dehydroepiandrosterone - A molecular and stereological study. Life Sci 2020; 249:117515. [PMID: 32147428 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the effects of curcumin-loaded super-paramagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) (SPIONs) on histological parameters and apoptosis-inducing factors (AIFs) in an experimental mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total number of 40 female prepuberal BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 was selected as control and Group 2 was considered as a vehicle taking sesame oil, in the form of a curcumin carrier. Moreover, Group 3 was administered with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) at 6 mg/100 g of the body weight and Group 4 received the DHEA plus the NPs of curcumin (5.4 mg/100 g) for twenty consecutive days. Finally, histology, stereology, and apoptosis of the ovary were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed that the NPs of curcumin had reduced ovarian volume (p < 0.05) and a total number of primary, secondary, antral, and primordial follicles in comparison with the PCOS and vehicle groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, curcumin treatment following administration of the DHEA resulted in a significant decrease in BAX (p < 0.001) and levels of expression of Caspase3 (CASP3) protein, increased levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) expression (p < 0.05), and moderated apoptosis in granulosa cells in comparison with the ones seen in the PCOS group. SIGNIFICANCE Ovarian injuries and DHEA-induced apoptosis were efficiently suppressed by curcumin, indicating the probable protective property of NPs of curcumin against PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramzan Khanbabaei
- Department of Biology, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
| | - Nasim Hayati Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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40
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Vaillant C, Gueguen MM, Feat J, Charlier TD, Coumailleau P, Kah O, Brion F, Pellegrini E. Neurodevelopmental effects of natural and synthetic ligands of estrogen and progesterone receptors in zebrafish eleutheroembryos. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 288:113345. [PMID: 31812531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Natural and synthetic estrogens and progestins are widely used in human and veterinary medicine and are detected in waste and surface waters. Our previous studies have clearly shown that a number of these substances targets the brain to induce the estrogen-regulated brain aromatase expression but the consequences on brain development remain virtually unexplored. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the effect of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and norethindrone (NOR), a 19-nortestosterone progestin, on zebrafish larval neurogenesis. We first demonstrated using real-time quantitative PCR that nuclear estrogen and progesterone receptor brain expression is impacted by E2, P4 and NOR. We brought evidence that brain proliferative and apoptotic activities were differentially affected depending on the steroidal hormone studied, the concentration of steroids and the region investigated. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that steroid compounds released in aquatic environment have the capacity to disrupt key cellular events involved in brain development in zebrafish embryos further questioning the short- and long-term consequences of this disruption on the physiology and behavior of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Vaillant
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Madeleine Gueguen
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Justyne Feat
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Thierry D Charlier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Coumailleau
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Kah
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Elisabeth Pellegrini
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Li C, Su Z, Ge L, Chen Y, Chen X, Li Y. Cardioprotection of hydralazine against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 869:172850. [PMID: 31830459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether hydralazine could reduce cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent myocardial I/R injury. Saline, hydralazine (HYD, 10-30 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 10 min before reperfusion. After 30 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion, the myocardial infarct size was determined using TTC staining. Heart function and oxidative stress were determined through biochemical assay and DHE staining. HE staining was used for histopathological evaluation. Additionally, the cardiomyocytes apoptosis and protein expression of PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway marker were detected by TUNEL and Western blotting. The serum levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reactive oxygen species were significantly elevated in cardiac I/R group, but the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was suppressed. However, intraperitoneal pretreatment with hydralazine at a dose of 10-30 mg/kg before cardiac I/R significantly limited the increase in CK-MB, LDH, oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, histological damage and apoptosis in the hearts. In addition, hydralazine also increased p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-eNOS expression and decreased Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-9 expression in the hearts. Our results suggest that the cardioprotective effect of hydralazine against I/R injury might be a cooperation of the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis with the motivation of eNOS phosphorylation via activating the PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhongping Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Liqi Ge
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Cape Henry Collegiate, 1320 Mill Dam Road, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Xuguan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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Liu Y, Hong Z, Chen P, Wang J, Zhou Y, Huang J. Baicalin inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the AKT pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3188-3194. [PMID: 31452795 PMCID: PMC6676451 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most prevalent types of bone malignancies with poor overall prognosis, and is reported mainly in children and adolescents. Therefore, the investigation of novel and efficient treatment strategies for patients with OS is required. Baicalin exhibits potential anticancer effects, including in OS. However, its therapeutic effect against OS and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully evaluated. In the present study, the effect of baicalin on the proliferation and apoptosis of OS cells and its underlying mechanism of AKT pathway activation was explored. Cell confluence and cell number counts revealed suppressed the growth of OS cells that were treated with baicalin. Analysis of cell viability, cell survival and cell cycle, as well as cell apoptosis revealed decreased cell viability and survival, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of treated cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated significantly decreased ratios of phosphorylated-AKT/AKT and Bcl-2/Bax, and decreased protein levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 in cells treated with baicalin. Thus, the findings from the present study suggest that the suppression of the AKT pathway may be the underlying mechanism of the antitumor effect of baicalin in OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Hong
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhao Wang
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianyun Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Elmaci I, Ozpinar A, Ozpinar A, Perez JL, Altinoz MA. From epidemiology and neurometabolism to treatment: Vitamin D in pathogenesis of glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and a proposal for Vitamin D + all-trans retinoic acid + Temozolomide combination in treatment of GBM. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:687-704. [PMID: 30937698 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00412-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here we review tumoricidal efficacy of Vitamin D analogues in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and potential synergisms with retinoic acid and temozolomide based on epidemiological and cellular studies. Epidemiological data suggest that winter birth is associated with higher risk of GBM, and GBM debulking in the winter enhanced mortality, which may relate with lower exposure to sunlight essential to convert cholecalciferol to Vitamin D. Comparative studies on blood bank specimens revealed that higher prediagnosis levels of calcidiol are associated with lower risk of GBM in elderly men. Supplemental Vitamin D reduced mortality in GBM patients in comparison to nonusers. Expression of Vitamin D Receptor is associated with a good prognosis in GBM. Conversely, Vitamin D increases glial tumor synthesis of neutrophins NGF and NT-3, the low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75NTR, IL-6 and VEGF, which may enhance glioma growth. Antitumor synergisms between temozolomide and Vitamin D and Vitamin D with Vitamin A derivatives were observed. Hence, we hypothesize that Calcitriol + ATRA (All-Trans Retinoic Acid) + Temozolomide - CAT combination might be a safer approach to benefit from Vitamin D in the management of high-grade glial tumors. Adding acetazolomide to this protocol may reduce the risk of pseudotumor cerebri, as both Vitamin D and Vitamin A excess may cause intracranial hypertension; this approach may provide further benefit as acetazolomide also exhibits anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhan Elmaci
- Acibadem University, Istanbul, Neuroacademy Group, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ozpinar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Ozpinar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Perez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Meric A Altinoz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Neurooncology Branch, Neuroacademy Group, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Holland, The Netherlands.
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González-Orozco JC, Camacho-Arroyo I. Progesterone Actions During Central Nervous System Development. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:503. [PMID: 31156378 PMCID: PMC6533804 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although progesterone is a steroid hormone mainly associated with female reproductive functions, such as uterine receptivity and maintenance of pregnancy, accumulating data have shown its physiological actions to extend to several non-reproductive functions in the central nervous system (CNS) both in males and females. In fact, progesterone is de novo synthesized in specific brain regions by neurons and glial cells and is involved in the regulation of various molecular and cellular processes underlying myelination, neuroprotection, neuromodulation, learning and memory, and mood. Furthermore, progesterone has been reported to be implicated in critical developmental events, such as cell differentiation and neural circuits formation. This view is supported by the increase in progesterone synthesis observed during pregnancy in both the placenta and the fetal brain. In the present review, we will focus on progesterone actions during CNS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos González-Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Fragni M, Fiorentini C, Rossini E, Fisogni S, Vezzoli S, Bonini SA, Dalmiglio C, Grisanti S, Tiberio GAM, Claps M, Cosentini D, Salvi V, Bosisio D, Terzolo M, Missale C, Facchetti F, Memo M, Berruti A, Sigala S. In vitro antitumor activity of progesterone in human adrenocortical carcinoma. Endocrine 2019; 63:592-601. [PMID: 30367443 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1795-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The management of patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is challenging. As mitotane and chemotherapy show limited efficacy, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor activity of progesterone and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying its cytotoxic effects in the NCI-H295R cell line and primary cell cultures derived from ACC patients. METHODS Cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis were analyzed in untreated and progesterone-treated ACC cells. The ability of progesterone to affect the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in NCI-H295R cells was investigated by immunofluorescence. Progesterone and mitotane combination experiments were also performed to evaluate their interaction on NCI-H295R cell viability. RESULTS We demonstrated that progesterone exerted a concentration-dependent inhibition of ACC cell viability. Apoptosis was the main mechanism, as demonstrated by a significant increase of apoptosis and cleaved-Caspase-3 levels. Reduction of β-catenin nuclear translocation may contribute to the progesterone cytotoxic effect. The progesterone antineoplastic activity was synergically increased when mitotane was added to the cell culture medium. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that progesterone has antineoplastic activity in ACC cells. The synergistic cytotoxic activity of progesterone with mitotane provides the rationale for testing this combination in a clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Fragni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rossini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Fisogni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Vezzoli
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara A Bonini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Dalmiglio
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido A M Tiberio
- Surgical Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Deborah Cosentini
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Section of Oncology and Experimental Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Section of Oncology and Experimental Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Turin, Internal Medicine 1, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Facchetti
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Progesterone Is More Effective Than Dexamethasone in Prolonging Overall Survival and Preserving Neurologic Function in Experimental Animals with Orthotopic Glioblastoma Allografts. World Neurosurg 2019; 125:e497-e507. [PMID: 30710720 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dexamethasone (DEXA) has been widely used in the management of peritumoral brain edema. DEXA, however, has many systemic side effects and can interact negatively with glioma therapy. Progesterone (PROG), however, is a well-tolerated and readily accessible anti-inflammatory and antiedema agent, with potent neuroprotective properties. We investigated whether PROG could serve as a viable alternative to DEXA in the management of peritumoral brain edema. METHODS We used an orthotopic C6 glioblastoma model with male Sprague-Dawley rats. Tumor grafts were allowed to grow for 14 days before drug treatment with DEXA 1 mg/kg, PROG 10 mg/kg, or PROG 20 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days. The overall animal survival and neurologic function were evaluated. Mechanistic studies on blood-brain barrier permeability and angiogenic responses were performed on the ex vivo tumor grafts. RESULTS We found that all drug treatments prolonged overall survival to different extents. PROG 10 mg led to significantly longer survival and better preservation of neurologic function and body weight. The blood-brain barrier permeability was better preserved with PROG 10 mg than with DEXA, possibly through downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and aquaporin-4 expression. Antiangiogenic responses were also observed in the PROG group. CONCLUSIONS The present proof-of-concept pilot study has provided novel information on the use of PROG as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in brain tumor management. Further translational and clinical studies are warranted.
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Atif F, Yousuf S, Espinosa-Garcia C, Sergeeva E, Stein DG. Progesterone Treatment Attenuates Glycolytic Metabolism and Induces Senescence in Glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:988. [PMID: 30700763 PMCID: PMC6353890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of progesterone treatments on glycolytic metabolism and senescence as possible mechanisms in controlling the growth of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In an orthotopic mouse model, after tumor establishment, athymic nude mice received treatment with progesterone or vehicle for 40 days. Compared to controls, high-dose progesterone administration produced a significant reduction in tumor size (~47%) and an increased survival rate (~43%) without any demonstrable toxicity to peripheral organs (liver, kidney). This was accompanied by a significant improvement in spontaneous locomotor activity and reduced anxiety-like behavior. In a follow-up in vitro study of U87MG-luc, U87dEGFR and U118MG tumor cells, we observed that high-dose progesterone inhibited expression of Glut1, which facilitated glucose transport into the cytoplasm; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; a glycolysis enzyme); ATP levels; and cytoplasmic FoxO1 and Phospho-FoxO1, both of which control glycolytic metabolism through upstream PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in GBM. In addition, progesterone administration attenuated EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, which is highly activated in grade IV GBM. High-dose progesterone also induced senescence in GBM as evidenced by changes in cell morphology and β-galactocidase accumulation. In conclusion, progesterone inhibits the modulators of glycolytic metabolism and induces premature senescence in GBM cells and this can help to reduce/slow tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Atif
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Seema Yousuf
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Claudia Espinosa-Garcia
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Elena Sergeeva
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Donald G Stein
- Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Yang B, Wang J, Zhang N. Effect of Nobiletin on Experimental Model of Epilepsy. Transl Neurosci 2018; 9:211-219. [PMID: 30746285 PMCID: PMC6368667 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2018-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of nobiletin, a plant-derived flavonoid was examined against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures. The study also aimed to assess whether nobiletin potentiated the effects of antiepileptic drug clonazepam (CZP). Methods PTZ (92 mg/kg, subcutaneous) was used to induce seizures in mice. Treatment groups (n = 18/group) received nobiletin (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg) via oral gavage for 6 consecutive days and 45 min prior to PTZ injection. CZP (0.015-2.0 mg/kg) was administered 15 min prior to PTZ. Skeletal muscle strength was assessed by measuring grip strength and Chimney test was performed to study the motor performance in animals. TUNEL assay was done to study neuro-apoptosis. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed for assessment of mRNA and protein expressions. Results Nobiletin and CZP improved muscle strength and motor coordination and reduced seizure severity significantly. The administration of nobiletin and CZP, individually or in combination, downregulated seizure-induced increases in apoptotic cell count and apoptotic protein expression, modulated the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A and glutamate decarboxylase 65 and restored the glutamate/GABA balance. Nobiletin and CZP administration significantly upregulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling. Conclusion Nobiletin exerted protective effect against seizures by regulating signaling pathways associated with epileptogenesis and potentiated the effects of CZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
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Li Y, Hou D, Chen X, Zhu J, Zhang R, Sun W, Li P, Tian Y, Kong X. Hydralazine protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 843:199-209. [PMID: 30472201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether hydralazine could reduce renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Renal I/R was induced by a 70-min occlusion of the bilateral renal arteries and a 24-h reperfusion, which was confirmed by the increased the mortality, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood creatinine (Cr), renal tissue NO and the visible histological damage of the kidneys. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Furthermore, the serum levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated in renal I/R group, while the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were suppressed. However, intragastric pretreatment with hydralazine at doses of 7.5-30 mg/kg before renal I/R significantly limited the increase in mortality, BUN, Cr, oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, histological damage and apoptosis in the kidneys. In addition, hydralazine also increased p-AKT, Bcl-2 expression and decreased iNOS, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 expression in the kidneys. In conclusion, hydralazine reduced renal I/R injury probably via inhibiting NO production by iNOS/NO pathway, inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis by a mitochondrial-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Daorong Hou
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal Research, Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xuguan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Animal Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yunfan Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Pavlovic S, Jovic Z, Karan R, Krtinic D, Rankovic G, Golubovic M, Lilic J, Pavlovic V. Modulatory effect of curcumin on ketamine-induced toxicity in rat thymocytes: Involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2018; 18:320-327. [PMID: 29579407 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2018.2607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a widely used anesthetic in pediatric clinical practice. Previous studies have demonstrated that ketamine induces neurotoxicity and has a modulatory effect on the cells of the immune system. Here, we evaluated the potential protective effect and underlying mechanisms of natural phenolic compound curcumin against ketamine-induced toxicity in rat thymocytes. Rat thymocytes were exposed to 100 µM ketamine alone or combined with increasing concentrations of curcumin (0.3, 1, and 3 μM) for 24 hours. Cell viability was analyzed with CCK-8 assay kit. Apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry and propidium iodide as well as Z-VAD-FMK and Z-LEHD-FMK inhibitors. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential [MMP] were measured by flow cytometry. Colorimetric assay with DEVD-pNA substrate was used for assessing caspase-3 activity. Involvement of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway was tested with Wortmannin inhibitor. Ketamine induced toxicity in cells, increased the number of hypodiploid cells, caspase-3 activity and ROS production, and inhibited the MMP. Co-incubation of higher concentrations of curcumin (1 and 3 μM) with ketamine markedly decreased cytotoxicity, apoptosis rate, caspase-3 activity, and ROS production in rat thymocytes, and increased the MMP. Application of Z-VAD-FMK (a pan caspase inhibitor) or Z-LEHD-FMK (caspase-9 inhibitor) with ketamine effectively attenuated the ketamine-induced apoptosis in rat thymocytes. Administration of Wortmannin (a PI3K inhibitor) with curcumin and ketamine significantly decreased the protective effect of curcumin on rat thymocytes. Our results indicate that ketamine-induced toxicity in rat thymocytes mainly occurs through the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the anti-apoptotic effect of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Pavlovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty University of Nis, Nis, Serbia.
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