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Holzer M, Massa E, Ghersevich S. Relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and parameters of gonadal function in infertile male patients. Curr Urol 2024; 18:237-243. [PMID: 39219637 PMCID: PMC11337990 DOI: 10.1097/cu9.0000000000000075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency could affect male reproductive function. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between serum vitD concentrations and hormonal and seminal parameters in infertile patients and to compare the results with those in healthy controls. Materials and methods Infertile patients (n = 29) and normozoospermic healthy donors (n = 27) were recruited for the study. Serum concentrations of vitD, total testosterone, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin were determined using chemiluminescence assays, and free testosterone concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Semen analysis was performed as suggested by the World Health Organization. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student's t test, contingency tables, and linear regression studies. Results VitD concentrations were lower in patients than in controls (p < 0.001). A significant association (p < 0.001) was observed between vitD concentrations <20ng/mL and infertility. In the control group, significant correlations were reported between vitD concentrations >30 ng/mL and the concentrations of testosterone (p < 0.05), free testosterone (p < 0.01), and estradiol (p < 0.05). A direct correlation was found between vitD concentration and percentage of sperm vitality (p = 0.01). VitD also positively correlated with the percentage of progressive sperm motility (p <0.05) and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations (p < 0.01). Conclusions VitD may affect male reproductive parameters, and its deficiency could be associated with infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Estefanía Massa
- Area of Clinical Biochemistry, Facultad de CienciasBioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Sergio Ghersevich
- Area of Clinical Biochemistry, Facultad de CienciasBioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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2
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Aşır F, Duran SÇ, Afşin M, Duran E, Korak T, Şahin F. Investigation of Vitamin D Levels in Men with Suspected Infertility. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:273. [PMID: 38398783 PMCID: PMC10889942 DOI: 10.3390/life14020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Male infertility may be caused by an impaired sperm functionality, with insufficient vitamin D levels affecting the quantity and development of motile sperm. Given the influence of vitamin D on vital aspects of male infertility, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels and male infertility, along with exploring the possible mechanism of action. A total of 306 male participants were included. Semen samples were collected and analyzed for semen parameters with demographic features. Patients were classified into two groups based on vitamin D levels of <20 ng/mL (low) and ≥20 ng/mL (high). The Super-PRED, Swiss TargetPrediction, GeneCards, and DisGeNET databases were utilized to retrieve potential molecular targets associated with both vitamin D and male infertility, while the STRING database was employed for constructing protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and conducting a functional enrichment analysis. A total of 146 patients (47.71%) showed low vitamin D levels and 160 patients (52.29%) had high vitamin D levels. Vitamin D was not strongly influenced by demographic parameters. Vitamin D demonstrated significant positive correlations with type A and B sperm motility. Conversely, it exhibited significant negative correlations with type C and D sperm motility. Hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, estradiol) were not significantly associated with vitamin D; however, testosterone was significantly positive correlated with vitamin D. Notably, no significant correlation was found between vitamin D levels and iron, ferritin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels. The functional annotations of potential vitamin D targets associated with male infertility primarily indicated involvement in regulating infection, the immune response, forkhead box O (FOXO) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) signals in male infertility. Adequate vitamin D levels are associated with an improved reproductive health, evidenced by positive correlations with hormone levels and sperm motility. Specifically, the FOXO and HIF-1 signaling pathways may be effective in the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of vitamin D on male infertility and/or in the significant correlations identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fırat Aşır
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey; (S.Ç.D.); (F.Ş.)
| | - Senem Çetin Duran
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey; (S.Ç.D.); (F.Ş.)
| | - Muhammet Afşin
- Department of Andrology, Health Sciences University, Gazi Yasargil Education and Research Hospital, 21090 Diyarbakir, Turkey;
| | - Enis Duran
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65000 Van, Turkey;
| | - Tuğcan Korak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey;
| | - Fırat Şahin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey; (S.Ç.D.); (F.Ş.)
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3
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Monson NR, Klair N, Patel U, Saxena A, Patel D, Ayesha IE, Nath TS. Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Testosterone Levels in Adult Males: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e45856. [PMID: 37750061 PMCID: PMC10518189 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency and its potential impact on testosterone levels have been subjects of scientific interest. This systematic review aims to evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and testosterone levels in adult males and examine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines across PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria involved studies published in English between 2013 and 2023, which investigated the correlation between vitamin D and testosterone levels in adult males. The process of data extraction and synthesis encompassed various aspects, including study characteristics, participant demographics, measurement methods, and outcomes pertaining to the association. The initial search resulted in a pool of 354,235 articles. Through the application of relevant filters and the review of titles and abstracts, 48 articles were chosen for further assessment. Out of these, eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were ultimately incorporated into the final review. The included studies consisted of four cross-sectional studies, three randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and one analysis utilizing Mendelian randomization. The results showed heterogeneity among the studies, as some reported a positive correlation between vitamin D levels and testosterone, while others did not find a significant association. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels were inconclusive, with limited evidence of significant changes in total testosterone. However, potential influences on sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone levels were observed. To establish more definitive evidence regarding the impact of vitamin D on testosterone levels, there is a need for further well-designed, long-term RCTs that encompass diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetha R Monson
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Nimra Klair
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Utkarsh Patel
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ayushi Saxena
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Dhara Patel
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Ismat E Ayesha
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Tuheen Sankar Nath
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Adamczewska D, Słowikowska-Hilczer J, Walczak-Jędrzejowska R. The Association between Vitamin D and the Components of Male Fertility: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2022; 11:90. [PMID: 36672602 PMCID: PMC9912266 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous systematic reviews of the effects of vitamin D on the components of male fertility have been inconclusive. This article systematically reviews the latest research to examine the relationship between vitamin D, semen quality parameters, and sex hormones production. METHODS MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were searched using the appropriate keywords. RESULTS Observational studies indicate significant correlation between vitamin D levels and sperm parameters, with a particular emphasis on sperm motility, and partially suggest a relationship between higher serum testosterone and vitamin D levels. Additionally, interventional studies confirmed that vitamin D supplementation has a positive effect on sperm motility, especially progressive. However, most randomized clinical trials indicate that vitamin D treatment does not have any significant effect on testosterone or other hormone levels. CONCLUSIONS Although our findings add to the discussion regarding the effect of vitamin D on male fertility, there is still no solid evidence to support the use of vitamin D supplementation to improve the outcomes of patients with impaired sperm parameters and hormonal disorders. Additional dedicated clinical studies are needed to clarify the relationship between vitamin D and male fertility, along with its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Adamczewska
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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5
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Coskun G, Sencar L, Tuli A, Dundar Yenilmez E, Polat S. The effect of Vitamin D on testosterone and uncarboxylated osteocalcin levels in aged male rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:368-376. [PMID: 35675386 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2083280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a well-established complex interaction between vitamin D metabolism and bone and gonad functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential effects of vitamin D therapy on testosterone and osteocalcin (OC) levels in aged male rats. Forty-five adult male rats were divided into three groups in this study. Unlike the control group, the two experimental groups received 50 IU/kg/day and 100 IU/kg/day of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), respectively, for a 4-week period using the gavage method. Testicular tissue and blood samples from rats were collected under general anesthesia at the end of the 4-week period. Testicular tissue samples were examined using light and electron microscopy. Additionally, serum testosterone and OC levels were measured in blood samples. The 50 IU/kg dose of cholecalciferol increased testosterone and OC levels, which were lower than normal due to aging, and regulated the organization of the seminiferous tubule epithelium and interstitium more effectively than the 100 IU/kg dose of cholecalciferol. Male fertility functions and bone health, which degrade due to aging, were increased due to the use of exogenous vitamin D, although the higher dose was not associated with more effective results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulfidan Coskun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Leman Sencar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Tuli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ebru Dundar Yenilmez
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sait Polat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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6
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Hu X, Han X, Chen Y, Xiang P, Wei X, Gong T, He Z, Su Y, Chen G, Liu C. Factors Defining the Association Between Vitamin D and Testosterone in Males With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842722. [PMID: 35498428 PMCID: PMC9039328 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in diabetic men with and without hypogonadism and figured out the potential factors influencing the connection between vitamin D and testosterone. METHODS A total of 367 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were investigated, including 254 men with normal gonadal function (Group 1) and 113 men with hypogonadism (Group 2). Men with hypogonadism were classified as either hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Group 2a) or hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (Group 2b). Serum 25(OH)D levels were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in all cases. Morning total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), prolactin (PRL), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid function, parathyroid and adrenal hormones, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (Fins) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were also assessed. RESULTS The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in men with T2DM was up to 96.46%. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in men with hypogonadism than those with eugonadism (16.65 ± 6.44 ng/mL vs. 18.17 ± 6.17 ng/mL, P=0.033). The lowest 25(OH)D level was observed in Group 2a (16.22 ± 6.52 ng/mL). After adjustment for the selected factors, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were shown to be positively correlated with TT concentrations (r=0.137, P=0.032). The relationship between 25(OH)D and testosterone was altered by age, duration of T2DM, body mass index, and HbA1c. Serum 25(OH)D level was positively associated with serum TT level in men with age <60 years (r=0.180, P=0.003), or with duration≥5 years (r=0.186, P=0.013), or with body mass index (BMI)≥28kg/m2 (r=0.431, P=0.000), or with HbA1c≥9% (r=0.145, P=0.031). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that type 2 diabetes patients with hypogonadism have lower 25(OH)D levels than those without hypogonadism. There seems to be a positive association between the serum 25(OH)D and TT levels, which affected by age, duration, BMI, and HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tradicional Chinese Medicine Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingping Xiang
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tradicional Chinese Medicine Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Gong
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yafeng Su
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Liu,
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7
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Amini S, Jafarirad S, Abiri B. Vitamin D, testosterone and depression in middle-aged and elderly men: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34904472 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2015284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the common psychiatric disorders during elderly. This systematic review aims to present the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, depression and testosterone serum concentration in the middle-aged and elderly men. We performed a comprehensive search in the Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Cochrane, Science Direct, and Scopus databases to collect any relevant published studies. The data of the articles that had been investigated the relationship between depression and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) serum concentration (nine studies), or testosterone and 25[OH]D (six studies), as the primary outcomes, were included in our review. The results of the cohort and cross-sectional studies have shown that vitamin-D deficiency is associated with the incidence of depression in older men. In addition, documents have reported the positive association between vitamin D and testosterone, and previous studies have shown that testosterone can involve in the mood. We have proposed scientific mechanisms that have shown vitamin D may also play a protective role in depression through its effect on the testosterone. Therefore, it is a low risk and safe recommendation for the middle-aged and elderly men to use the vitamin D supplement or exposure to the sunlight to prevent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Amini
- Department of Nutrition, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Sima Jafarirad
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lunenfeld B, Mskhalaya G, Zitzmann M, Corona G, Arver S, Kalinchenko S, Tishova Y, Morgentaler A. Recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of testosterone deficiency in men. Aging Male 2021; 24:119-138. [PMID: 34396893 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2021.1962840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The relative proportional increase of the elderly population within many countries will become one of the most significant social transformations of the twenty-first century and, for the first time in history, persons aged 65 or above outnumbered children under five years of age globally. One in four persons living in Europe and Northern America will be aged 65 or over. One of the goals of ISSAM is to raise awareness of the special health needs of older men. Since a significant number of aging men will eventually become testosterone deficient, the Hypogonadism panel of ISSAM updates its guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lunenfeld
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Michael Zitzmann
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology/Clinical and Surgical Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Giovanni Corona
- Medical Department, Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefan Arver
- Department of Medicine/Huddinge Karolinska Institutet and ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Svetlana Kalinchenko
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Książek A, Mędraś M, Zagrodna A, Słowińska-Lisowska M, Lwow F. Correlative studies on vitamin D and total, free bioavailable testosterone levels in young, healthy men. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20198. [PMID: 34642402 PMCID: PMC8511022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between vitamin D levels and testicular hormonal function in men has not been clearly established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between deficiency/insufficiency levels of 25(OH)D and luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total (TT), free (FT), and bioavailable testosterone (BT), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in young, healthy men. We enrolled 176 healthy, active young men aged 18–35 years from a genetically homogenous population of Lower Silesia, Poland. Serum levels of 25(OH)D, LH, FSH, and TT were measured by electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA). FT levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BT levels were calculated from TT, SHBG, and albumin. SHBG was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay CLIA. We did not find any significant differences between the mean hormonal values (LH, FSH, TT, FT, BT, and SHBG) and the status of 25(OH)D level (deficient and insufficient). Based on our results, we concluded that there is no relationship between deficient and insufficient 25(OH)D concentration and androgen levels in young, healthy men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Książek
- Department of Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marek Mędraś
- Department of Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zagrodna
- Department of Biological and Medical Basis of Sport, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Felicja Lwow
- Department of Massage and Physical Therapy, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland
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10
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Liu W, Hu J, Fang Y, Wang P, Lu Y, Shen N. Vitamin D status in Mainland of China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 38:101017. [PMID: 34308318 PMCID: PMC8283334 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low vitamin D (VitD) status is becoming a global health issue. Previous heterogenous results are urging a meta-analysis to delineate a panorama of VitD conditions in the general population in Mainland of China. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, and VIP databases up to June 4, 2021. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) original articles or dissertations focused on VitD status of people in Mainland of China; and (2) studies were population-based, cross-sectional, or longitudinal cohort with baseline data. The outcomes were serum 25(OH)D concentration and the prevalence of low VitD status. Low VitD status included VitD deficiency (< 30 nmol/L) and VitD inadequacy (< 50 nmol/L). Data were estimated by Hierarchical Bayesian methods. All included studies were cross-sectional or longitudinal cohort studies about VitD status of people in Mainland of China. (Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021226130). FINDINGS A total of 105 eligible studies including 234,519 subjects were included. In adults, the overall mean 25(OH)D concentration was 44.3 nmol/L (95% Credible Interval [CrI]: 39.8-48.7). The pooled prevalence of VitD deficiency and inadequacy was 20.7% (95% CrI: 11.9-32.9) and 63.2% (95% CrI: 53.5-72.3), respectively. In children and adolescents, the overall mean 25(OH)D concentration was 52.2 nmol/L (95% CrI: 46.7-57.5). The pooled prevalence of VitD deficiency and inadequacy was 23.0% (95% CrI: 8.9-44.3) and 46.8% (95% CrI: 37.2-56.6), respectively. Specially, we identified that the prevalence of VitD inadequacy increased with age in populations with age ≤ 18 years and ≥ 60 years. INTERPRETATION Low VitD status is prominent in general population of Mainland of China, especially for adults. FUNDING National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for "Significant New Drugs Development" (2017ZX09304022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Liu
- Clinical Research Center,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute and Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
- Corresponding author.
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11
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D'Andrea S, Martorella A, Coccia F, Castellini C, Minaldi E, Totaro M, Parisi A, Francavilla F, Francavilla S, Barbonetti A. Relationship of Vitamin D status with testosterone levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2021; 72:49-61. [PMID: 32880851 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite a biological plausibility of a direct link between low vitamin D and androgen deficiency, the association remains inconclusive in epidemiological studies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies aim to assess whether and in what populations such an association can be demonstrated. METHODS A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of science, Science Direct, and CINAHL. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in total testosterone (TT) levels between men with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <20 and ≥20 ng/mL were combined using random-effects models. Funnel plot and trim-and-fill analysis were used to assess publication bias. Heterogeneity source was explored by a sub-group analysis according to health-related characteristics of the study populations. RESULTS Eighteen included studies collectively gave information on 9892 men with vitamin D deficiency and 10,675 controls. The pooled SMD revealed a slight, albeit just significant, positive association between 25(OH)D and TT (pooled SMD: -0.23, 95% CI: -0.45 to -0.01; P = 0.04) with a large between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 98%, Pfor heterogeneity < 0.00001). At the sub-group analysis, a significant positive association, along with noticeable decrease in heterogeneity, could only be demonstrated in studies of patients with frailty states (pooled SMD: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.27, -0.10, P < 0.0001; I2 = 51%, Pfor heterogeneity = 0.06). A sensitivity analysis revealed a high stability of the result and the trim-and-fill adjustment for publication bias did not affect pooled estimate. CONCLUSIONS Both hypovitaminosis D and androgen deficiency should be regarded as markers of a poor health status, sharing common underlying aetiologies and risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D'Andrea
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Martorella
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Coccia
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Castellini
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - E Minaldi
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Totaro
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Parisi
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Francavilla
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - S Francavilla
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Barbonetti
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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12
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Huang F, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Wan Z, Hu L, Xu R, Cheng A, Lv Y, Wang L. Sex-Specific Association between Serum Vitamin D Status and Lipid Profiles: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Population. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 66:105-113. [PMID: 32350171 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that vitamin D status might be associated with dyslipidaemia, but results are conflicting and there might exist sex differences. The aim of our study was to explore the sex-specific association between vitamin D status and serum lipids and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP, a predictor for atherosclerosis) among Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults. A total of 4,021 middle-aged and elderly participants from a health management centre were included in this cross-sectional study. The individuals were classified into tertiles according to serum 25(OH)D. Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between vitamin D levels and serum lipids among the tertiles. The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 21.60 (16.60-27.20) ng/mL in all participants. After adjusting for potential confounders, a 10 ng/mL increase in 25(OH)D was associated with decreases of 1.156 mmol/L in triglycerides (TGs) and 0.068 in the AIP and an increase of 0.051 mmol/L in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in all subjects. In addition, 25(OH)D deficiency was associated with an increased prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia (odds ratio (OR), 1.880; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.351-2.615), hypoalphalipoproteinaemia/HDL (OR, 1.505; 95% CI, 1.146-1.977) and abnormal AIP (OR, 1.933; 95% CI, 1.474-2.534) in males, and 25(OH)D-deficient women had a 2.02-fold higher risk for hypoalphalipoproteinaemia/HDL than women with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (95% CI, 1.044-3.904; all p values <0.05). Vitamin D deficiency was positively associated with the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and abnormal AIP in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. And this association was stronger in men than in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Zhengce Wan
- Department of Health Management Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Liu Hu
- Department of Health Management Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Ranran Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Anying Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Yongman Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.,Department of Health Management Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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13
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Leão LMCS, Rodrigues BC, Dias PTP, Gehrke B, de Souza TDSP, Hirose CK, Freire MDC. Vitamin D status and prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in different genders throughout life stages: A Brazilian cross-sectional study. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e2571. [PMID: 33852654 PMCID: PMC8009065 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e2571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the mean concentration of 25-hydroxivitamin D [25(OH) D] and prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in individuals residing in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS The data of 80,000 consecutive individuals who had 25(OH) D measurements performed by electrochemiluminescence between 1/2/2018 and 2/5/2018 were selected. Patients who reported the use of therapies/supplements were excluded. Levels of 25(OH) D ≥20 ng/mL (ages <60 years) and ≥30 ng/mL (ages ≥60 years) were considered adequate. RESULTS We analyzed the data of 24,074 individuals (1-95 years old, 64.7% female). Descriptive curves showed that, in both sexes, the mean values of 25(OH) D decreased from the first years of life until adolescence, then slightly increased, and then tended to stabilize during adulthood. Levels of 25(OH) D <20 ng/mL were observed in 6% of girls versus 3.6% of boys and in 13.6% of adolescent girls versus 12.6% of adolescent boys and 11% of adults. The percentage of seniors with serum levels of 25(OH) D <20 ng/mL was 13.6% in women and 12.7% in men; 53.2% of women and 50.6% of men had levels <30 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS Mean 25(OH) D values were higher in children and lower in adolescents and women. Approximately 90% of non-seniors and presumably healthy residents of the urban metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro presented satisfactory levels of 25(OH) D during the summer months; however, in over half of the elderly, the serum concentrations of 25(OH) D were inadequate. Therefore, strategies for the prevention of hypovitaminosis D should be considered in the senior population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenora M. Camarate S.M. Leão
- Servico de Endocrinologia, Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | | | - Paulo Telles Pires Dias
- Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Atencao ao Uso de Drogas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatistica (MEB-ISC), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, BR
| | - Bárbara Gehrke
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Fisiopatologia Clinica e Experimental (FISCLINEX), Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
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14
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Santos HO, Howell S, Nichols K, Teixeira FJ. Reviewing the Evidence on Vitamin D Supplementation in the Management of Testosterone Status and Its Effects on Male Reproductive System (Testis and Prostate): Mechanistically Dazzling but Clinically Disappointing. Clin Ther 2020; 42:e101-e114. [PMID: 32446600 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D supplementation has been suggested to increase testosterone levels. The primary purpose of this literature review was to critically assess the physiologic effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum testosterone concentrations in men and the secondary purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of vitamin D status toward urologic health (testis and prostate). METHODS A structured literature review was performed using the Cochrane, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. The literature search encompassed studies published between 2011 and 2019. FINDINGS Observational studies suggest an association between higher testosterone and serum vitamin D concentrations. Conversely, most randomized clinical trials that investigated the effect of vitamin D administration on testosterone levels have failed to detect any significant effect. Physiologically, vitamin D is engaging in spermatogenesis, but it remains unclear whether vitamin D is a determinant of fertility. With prostate support, the management of vitamin D status has been associated with a decreased prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia and symptoms (ie, lower urinary tract symptoms). However, with prostate cancer, there is a paucity of evidence pertaining to vitamin D supplementation. IMPLICATIONS Mechanistically, vitamin D exhibits essential roles in the testis and prostate; otherwise, there is no apparent evidence to support the use of vitamin D supplementation to increase testosterone levels and to improve clinical outcomes related to the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Scott Howell
- Center for Research, Tier 1 Health and Wellness, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Keith Nichols
- Center for Research, Tier 1 Health and Wellness, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Filipe J Teixeira
- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
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15
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Janjuha R, Bunn D, Hayhoe R, Hooper L, Abdelhamid A, Mahmood S, Hayden-Case J, Appleyard W, Morris S, Welch A. Effects of Dietary or Supplementary Micronutrients on Sex Hormones and IGF-1 in Middle and Older Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1457. [PMID: 32443563 PMCID: PMC7284480 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational research suggests that micronutrients may be protective for sarcopenia, a key health issue during ageing, potentially via effects on hormone synthesis and metabolism. We aimed to carry out a systematic review of RCTs investigating effects of increasing dietary or supplemental micronutrient intake on sex hormones and IGF-1 in individuals aged 45 years or older. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases for RCTs reporting the effects of different micronutrients (vitamins A, C, D, or E; carotenoids; iron; copper; zinc; magnesium; selenium; and potassium) on sex hormones or IGF-1. Of the 26 RCTs identified, nine examined effects of vitamin D, nine of multi-nutrients, four of carotenoids, two of selenium, one of zinc, and one of vitamin E. For IGF-1 increasing vitamin D (MD: -0.53 nmol/L, 95% CI: -1.58, 0.52), multi-nutrients (MD: 0.60 nmol/L, 95% CI -1.12 to 2.33) and carotenoids (MD -1.32 nmol/L; 95% CI -2.76 to 0.11) had no significant effect on circulating concentrations. No significant effects on sex hormones of other micronutrients were found, but data were very limited. All trials had significant methodological limitations making effects of micronutrient supplementation on sex hormones unclear. Further high quality RCTs with physiological doses of micronutrients in people with low baseline intakes or circulating concentrations, using robust methodology, are required to assess effects of supplementation adequately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Janjuha
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Diane Bunn
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Richard Hayhoe
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Lee Hooper
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Asmaa Abdelhamid
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Shaan Mahmood
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Joseph Hayden-Case
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Will Appleyard
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sophie Morris
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Ailsa Welch
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK; (R.J.); (R.H.); (L.H.); (A.A.); (S.M.); (J.H.-C.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
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16
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Canguven O, Al Malki AH. Vitamin D and Male Erectile Function: An Updated Review. World J Mens Health 2020; 39:31-37. [PMID: 32009309 PMCID: PMC7752519 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Literature support that vitamin-D is important for different systems of the human body including, but not limited to endocrine and immune systems, vasculature and endothelial function of the body. Male erectile function depends on many factors and can be perceived as a health indicator of the body. Epidemiological data have shown that vitamin-D deficiency is also associated with erectile dysfunction. In this review, our aim is to interpret the mechanisms by which vitamin-D might regulate anatomy and physiology of penis. Evidence showed that vitamin-D is needed for an adequate erectile function. Briefly, vitamin-D is crucial for a better healthy body and sexual activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onder Canguven
- Department of Urology, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ahmad H Al Malki
- Department of Urology, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Urology, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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17
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Song N, Yang S, Wang YY, Tang SQ, Zhu YQ, Dai Q, Zhang H. The Impact of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms on the Susceptibility of Diabetic Vascular Complications: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 23:533-556. [PMID: 31373850 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To determine whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are correlated with susceptibility to diabetic vascular complications. Methods: We included all eligible studies, and used Stata12.0 to calculate the pooled results. Results: Eight thousand eleven diabetic patients and 1635 normal controls from 27 studies were included. Our results showed that there was no correlation between VDR gene TaqI variants and diabetic nephropathy (DN) or diabetic retinopathy (DR) susceptibility. In comparison with diabetic patients without DN, there was a link between the VDR gene ApaI variant and DN susceptibility under allelic model (p = 0.029) in all populations. In addition, the VDR gene BsmI variant correlated with DN under both dominant (p = 0.005) and allelic (p = 0.003) models in Asian populations. The VDR gene FokI variant was also correlated with DN susceptibility under the recessive model (p = 0.027) in the Asian subgroup. In comparison with diabetic patients without DR, we identified a link between the VDR gene ApaI variant and DR susceptibility under the dominant model (p = 0.034) in all populations. Also, the VDR gene FokI variant was correlated with DR under the recessive (p = 0.016), the allelic (p = 0.001), and the dominant (p < 0.001) models in all populations. When compared with healthy controls, the VDR gene BsmI variant was associated with DR under the additive (p = 0.014), the allelic (p = 0.033), and the dominant (p < 0.001) models in Indian populations. Conclusions: The VDR gene BsmI, ApaI, and FokI gene variants are associated with DN and DR susceptibility. No association was found between the VDR gene TaqI gene variants and diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang-Yang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Qi Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Qiu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Visser J, Knight K, Philips L, Visser W, Wallace M, Nel DG, Blaauw R. Determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in healthy young adults living in the Western Cape, South Africa. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2019.1621047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Visser
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K Knight
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L Philips
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - W Visser
- Division of Dermatology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Wallace
- Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - DG Nel
- Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - R Blaauw
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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19
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Chen C, Zhai H, Cheng J, Weng P, Chen Y, Li Q, Wang C, Xia F, Wang N, Lu Y. Causal Link Between Vitamin D and Total Testosterone in Men: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:3148-3156. [PMID: 30896763 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Low circulating vitamin D levels have been associated with lower total testosterone levels. These epidemiological associations, if true, would have public health importance because vitamin D deficiency is common and correctable. We tested whether genetically lowered vitamin D levels were associated with lower total testosterone (T), using Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology. DESIGN AND SETTING A total of 4254 men were enrolled from the Survey on Prevalence in East China for Metabolic Diseases and Risk Factors (SPECT-China) study, which was performed at 23 sites in eastern China during 2014 to 2016. Using four single-nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, we created a genetic risk score (GRS) as an instrumental variable to estimate the effect of genetically lowered 25(OH)D on total T. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Total T was detected by chemiluminescence assay. RESULTS Lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower total T (β, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.58) after multivariable adjustment. Per-SD increase in the vitamin D GRS (VD_GRS) was significantly associated with 25(OH)D (β, -1.64; 95% CI, -2.04 to -1.24) and with total T (β, -0.19; 95% CI, -0.37 to -0.02). Using VD_GRS as the instrumental variable in the MR analysis, the causal regression coefficient of genetically determined per-SD increase for 25(OH)D on total T was 0.12 (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.22). CONCLUSION We provide evidence for the biologically plausible causal effects of 25(OH)D on total T using MR analysis. Whether vitamin D supplementation can raise androgen levels merits further investigation in long-term, randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hualing Zhai
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Weng
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiyu Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangzhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Alimoradi K, Nikooyeh B, Ravasi AA, Zahedirad M, Shariatzadeh N, Kalayi A, Neyestani TR. Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Physical Performance of Iranian Elite Athletes. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:100. [PMID: 31360347 PMCID: PMC6592128 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_227_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There has been no report of the vitamin D status of the professional athletes from Iran to date. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of weekly vitamin D supplementation on athletic performance in Iranian athletes expedited to Asian competition in Taipei, China, 2015. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. Seventy subjects were enrolled in the study. The athletes were randomly divided into two groups: vitamin D supplement (D; received 50,000 IU of vitamin D supplement weekly) and control (P, received a placebo weekly). Duration of the study was 8 weeks. Anthropometric, dietary, athletic performance, and biochemical evaluations were performed for all subjects in the beginning and in the end of the intervention period. Results: A significant rise in circulating 25(OH)D concentration was observed in D group (17.3 ± 16.9 ng/mL, P < 0.001), whereas in P group, there was a statistically significant decrement (−3.1 ± 8.4 ng/mL, P = 0.040). There were no either within- or between-group significant differences in Ergo jump, vertical jump, and agility tests. In strength leg press tests, both groups showed a significant improvement. However, comparisons of changes revealed that the improvement in D group was significantly higher than in P group (P = 0.034). Moreover, in sprint test (one repetition-Max, 1RM), only D group had a significant within-group improvement (P = 0.030). Conclusions: Weekly supplementation with 50,000 IU vitamin D resulted in nearly 17 ng/mL increment in circulating calcidiol. This increase was associated with significant improvement of power leg press and sprint tests in D-supplemented group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamollah Alimoradi
- Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Nikooyeh
- Department of Nutrition Research, Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ravasi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Zahedirad
- Department of Nutrition Research, Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Shariatzadeh
- Department of Nutrition Research, Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kalayi
- Department of Nutrition Research, Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tirang Reza Neyestani
- Department of Nutrition Research, Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Cito G, Cocci A, Micelli E, Gabutti A, Russo GI, Coccia ME, Franco G, Serni S, Carini M, Natali A. Vitamin D and Male Fertility: An Updated Review. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:164-177. [PMID: 31190482 PMCID: PMC7076312 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the key role of vitamin D in male reproductive system has been suggested, since the expression of vitamin D receptors and metabolizing enzymes was demonstrated in the testis and spermatozoa. Nevertheless, a general consensus about the role of vitamin D in male fertility is still debated. The aim of this review is to provide an updated systematic revision of the current available literature, discussing the experimental and clinical evidence on the role of vitamin D in the regulation of testis hormone production, seminal parameters and male fertility. The consequences of vitamin D deficiency on serum levels of testicular hormones have been analysed by several observational and interventional studies, with controversial results. Equally, the experimental researches not were able to state a certain relationship between vitamin D status and testis hormone production. Possible bias, including age, body mass index, and baseline vitamin D status justified the differences among studies. As well as concerning the effect of vitamin D on semen parameters, most of the studies agreed in the possibility that vitamin D might have a positive effect on human male fertility potential, particularly through better sperm motility. Regarding pregnancy outcomes, normal level of vitamin D seems to be related to better pregnancies. However, all the previous studies displayed a wide heterogeneity in study design, population, methodology, and cut off values used for the evaluation of vitamin D status. Future studies are needed to better clarify the exact role of vitamin D on hormonal and seminal panel in both fertile and infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmartin Cito
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Micelli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Claire Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alejandro Gabutti
- Department of Radiology, Salvador Zubirán National Institute of Health Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Department of Urology, Vittorio Emanuele II, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabetta Coccia
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giorgio Franco
- Department of Urology, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Natali
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Wang W, Ye S, Qian L, Xing X. Sex-Specific Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 3 with Insulin Resistance in Chinese Han Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:173-178. [PMID: 29962427 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and insulin resistance as well as β-cell function in Chinese Han patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 264 patients was included in this study. Serum 25(OH)D, plasma glucose, serum insulin and other biochemical parameters were assayed. Postprandial venous blood was collected after a mixed-nutrient load. Insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (Matsuda ISI). The β-cell function was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment for insulin secretion (HOMA-β) and the change in insulin divided by change in glucose from 0 to 30 min (ΔI0-30/ΔG0-30). Patients were divided into three groups according to tertiles of serum 25(OH)D levels. There were significant differences in HOMA-IR and Matsuda ISI among the three groups (HOMA-IR, p=0.005; Matsuda ISI, p=0.009). Pearson correlation analyses showed that serum 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with fasting serum insulin (FIns) (r=-0.209, p=0.012) and HOMA-IR (r=-0.273, p=0.001), and positively correlated with Matsuda ISI (r=0.219, p=0.009) only in the male population. Multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that in the male population, serum 25(OH)D was an independent predictor for both HOMA-IR and Matsuda ISI before and after adjustment for confounding factors, respectively (p<0.05 for both). This study indicates the association of vitamin D with insulin resistance in male patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, which may contribute to the understanding of the mechanism underlying the onset of T2DM in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital).,Laboratory for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital)
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital).,Laboratory for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital)
| | - Liting Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital)
| | - Xuenong Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital)
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Park CY, Kwak SY, Jo G, Shin MJ. Genetic Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Lung Function in Korean Men and Women: Data from KNHANES 2011⁻2012. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101362. [PMID: 30249031 PMCID: PMC6212955 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D metabolic pathway and lung function is unknown. We examined the association between five SNPs on DHCR7, GC, CYP2R1, and CYP24A1 along with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and lung function in older Korean men (n = 758) and women (n = 837). Lung function was determined by forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) from the data in the Korea Nutrition and Health Examination Survey 2011–2012. Genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by the number of 25(OH)D-decreasing alleles of the five SNPs. Our results showed that increases in GRS were associated with reduced 25(OH)D levels (p < 0.05 for both sexes). In the entire population, FVC and FEV1 were associated with both GRS and 25(OH)D levels. In women, FVC and FEV1 were negatively associated with GRS (β-coefficient (95% CI): −0.022 (−0.039, −0.005) and −0.020 (−0.035, −0.005), respectively; both p < 0.05), but not with 25(OH)D. However, in men, FVC and FEV1 were positively associated with 25(OH)D (β-coefficient (95% CI): 0.008 (0.001, 0.016) and 0.008 (0.002, 0.015), respectively; both p < 0.05), but not with GRS. In conclusion, lung function was associated with genetic variation in Korean women and with 25(OH)D in Korean men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Yongjoo Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - So-Young Kwak
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Garam Jo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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Zittermann A, Ernst JB, Prokop S, Fuchs U, Dreier J, Kuhn J, Knabbe C, Berthold HK, Gouni-Berthold I, Gummert JF, Börgermann J, Pilz S. Vitamin D supplementation does not prevent the testosterone decline in males with advanced heart failure: the EVITA trial. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:673-680. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Teixeira T, Nazima M, Hallak J. Male Sexual Quality Of Life Is Maintained Satisfactorily Throughout Life In The Amazon Rainforest. Sex Med 2018. [PMID: 29523489 PMCID: PMC5960027 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Amazon Rainforest is a cradle of biodiversity, where different ethnic groups have specific sexual habits. AIMS To define the average sexual quality of life of Amazonian men 18 to 69 years old, evaluate the influence of aging on their sexual function, and calculate the prevalence of premature ejaculation, delayed ejaculation, and hypoactive sexual desire disorder. METHODS A cross-sectional quantitative probability sample study was performed with a demographically representative population (N = 385), with data collected privately at participants' houses, including men who had been sexually active for a minimum of 6 months. The Male Sexual Quotient (MSQ) was used to measure sexual satisfaction and function. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 21.0 using the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < .05), and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate which factors could predict participants' quality of sexual life. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES MSQ scores. RESULTS The response rate was 81.69%. The mean age was 36.00 ± 12.95 years, and most men had mixed ethnicity (63.11%), were self-employed (42.07%), had a monthly earned income of US$0 to US$460 (46.75%), and were single (36.10%). The mean MSQ score was 80.39 ± 12.14 (highly satisfied). None of the demographic characteristics showed a statistically significant influence on sexual satisfaction. The difference in quality of sexual life was statistically significant compared with age (P < .01). The domains of desire (P < .01), partner satisfaction (P = .04), and erection quality (P < .01, P = .03, P = .02) were statistically significant. Prevalences of sexual dysfunctions were 36.54% for premature ejaculation, 6.5% for delayed ejaculation, and 11.69% for hypoactive sexual desire disorder. CONCLUSIONS Independent of age, these men have an excellent quality of sexual life. Sexual domains such as desire, partner satisfaction, and erection quality are related to the correlation between sexual quality of life and aging. However, the prevalence of premature ejaculation seems to be slightly higher than in other parts of the world. Teixeira T, Nazima M, Hallak J. Male Sexual Quality Of Life Is Maintained Satisfactorily Throughout Life In The Amazon Rainforest. Sex Med 2018;6:90-96.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Teixeira
- Urology Division, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Federal University of Amapa Medical School, Macapa, Brazil.
| | - Maira Nazima
- Federal University of Amapa Medical School, Macapa, Brazil
| | - Jorge Hallak
- Urology Division, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Androscience, Science and Innovation Center in Androloy and High-Complex Clinical and Andrology Laboratory, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Trummer C, Pilz S, Schwetz V, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Lerchbaum E. Vitamin D, PCOS and androgens in men: a systematic review. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:R95-R113. [PMID: 29449314 PMCID: PMC5854850 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence from animal and human studies suggests that vitamin D is involved in many functions of the reproductive system in both genders. AIM The aim of this review was to provide an overview on the effects of vitamin D on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women and androgen metabolism in men. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed for relevant English language publications published from January 2012 until September 2017. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The vitamin D receptor and vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes are found in reproductive tissues of women and men. In women, vitamin D status has been associated with several features of PCOS. In detail, cross-sectional data suggest a regulatory role of vitamin D in PCOS-related aspects such as ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance as well as hyperandrogenism. Moreover, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial for metabolic, endocrine and fertility aspects in PCOS. In men, vitamin D status has been associated with androgen levels and hypogonadism. Further, there is some evidence for a favorable effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone concentrations, although others failed to show a significant effect on testosterone levels. CONCLUSION In summary, vitamin D deficiency is associated with adverse fertility outcomes including PCOS and hypogonadism, but the evidence is insufficient to establish causality. High-quality RCTs are needed to further evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation in PCOS women as well as on androgen levels in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Trummer
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Schwetz
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Lerchbaum
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Lorenzen M, Boisen IM, Mortensen LJ, Lanske B, Juul A, Blomberg Jensen M. Reproductive endocrinology of vitamin D. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 453:103-112. [PMID: 28342856 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a versatile hormone with several functions beyond its well-established role in maintenance of skeletal health and calcium homeostasis. The effects of vitamin D are mediated by the vitamin D receptor, which is expressed together with the vitamin D metabolizing enzymes in the reproductive tissues. The reproductive organs are therefore responsive to and able to metabolize vitamin D locally. The exact role remains to be clarified but several studies have suggested a link between vitamin D and production/release of reproductive hormones into circulation, which will be the main focus of this review. Current evidence is primarily based on small human association studies and rodent models. This highlights the need for randomized clinical trials, but also functional animal and human in vitro studies, and larger, prospective cohort studies are warranted. Given the high number of men and women suffering from reproductive problems and abnormal endocrinology research addressing the role of vitamin D in reproductive endocrinology may be of clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Lorenzen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Marie Boisen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Bone and Mineral Research, HSDM/HMS, Harvard University, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li Juel Mortensen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beate Lanske
- Division of Bone and Mineral Research, HSDM/HMS, Harvard University, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anders Juul
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Bone and Mineral Research, HSDM/HMS, Harvard University, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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28
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de Angelis C, Galdiero M, Pivonello C, Garifalos F, Menafra D, Cariati F, Salzano C, Galdiero G, Piscopo M, Vece A, Colao A, Pivonello R. The role of vitamin D in male fertility: A focus on the testis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2017; 18:285-305. [PMID: 28667465 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-017-9425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, vitamin D has emerged as a pleiotropic molecule with a multitude of autocrine, paracrine and endocrine functions, mediated by classical genomic as well as non-classical non-genomic actions, on multiple target organs and systems. The expression of vitamin D receptor and vitamin D metabolizing enzymes in male reproductive system, particularly in the testis, suggests the occurrence of vitamin D synthesis and regulation as well as function in the testis. The role of vitamin D in the modulation of testis functions, including hormone production and spermatogenesis, has been investigated in animals and humans. Experimental studies support a beneficial effect of vitamin D on male fertility, by modulating hormone production through genomic and non-genomic actions, and, particularly, by improving semen quality essentially through non-genomic actions. However, clinical studies in humans are controversial. Indeed, vitamin D seems to contribute to the modulation of the bioavailable rather than total testosterone. Moreover, although an increased prevalence or risk for testosterone deficiency was reported in men with vitamin D deficiency in observational studies, the majority of interventional studies demonstrated the lack of effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of testosterone. The most consistent effect of vitamin D was reported on semen quality. Indeed, vitamin D was shown to be positively associated to sperm motility, and to exert direct actions on spermatozoa, including non-genomic driven modulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis and activation of molecular pathways involved in sperm motility, capacitation and acrosome reaction. The current review provides a summary of current knowledge on the role of vitamin D in male fertility, by reporting clinical and experimental studies in humans and animals addressing the relationship between vitamin D and testis function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Garifalos
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Menafra
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Cariati
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a r.l., Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Salzano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Galdiero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariangela Piscopo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Vece
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università "Federico II" di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
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Talib RA, Khalafalla K, Cangüven Ö. The role of vitamin D supplementation on erectile function. Turk J Urol 2017; 43:105-111. [PMID: 28717531 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2017.76032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years growing evidence highlighted vitamin D (VD) deficiency is one of the several dynamics that associates with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular (ASCV) diseases. ASCV diseases and erectile dysfunction (ED) share common risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle. The aim of this review was to summarize current progress in VD research by focusing effect of low VD level on different body systems and erectile function. Here we examine research linking VD deficiency and ED and discuss how VD influences ED and its classic risk factors that also associate to increased ED risk. We also summarize research indicating that VD associates with reduced risk of several nonvascular contributing factors for ED. Available literature demonstrates relatively high rates of low VD serum levels in ED patients. Based on the preclinical and clinical data available in the literature, to date, we infer that VD play a critical role in maintaining erectile function in humans. Nevertheless, this should also be tested through randomized controlled studies on the effect of VD supplementation with larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raidh A Talib
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Department of Urology, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Urology, NY, USA
| | | | - Önder Cangüven
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Department of Urology, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Urology, NY, USA
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30
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Canguven O, Talib RA, El Ansari W, Yassin DJ, Al Naimi A. Vitamin D treatment improves levels of sexual hormones, metabolic parameters and erectile function in middle-aged vitamin D deficient men. Aging Male 2017; 20:9-16. [PMID: 28074679 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2016.1271783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between serum vitamin D (VD), serum testosterone (TT) and metabolic syndrome are complex and with limited published research, particularly on the effects of VD treatment on sexual hormones, erectile function and the metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVES This study assessed whether a monthly high dose VD treatment for 12 months in VD deficient middle-aged men was associated with: changes in levels of sexual hormones, improvement of diabetes control and metabolic syndrome components, better erectile function [International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 questionnaire]; and changes in a prostate marker. MATERIALS AND METHODS Descriptive research of a prospective study, conducted between October 2014 and September 2015, 102 male patients ≥35 [(±SD: 53.2 ± 10.5), (range 35-64)] years with deficient serum VD level (<30 ng/mL) were included in the study. Participants were followed up for one year, with monitoring at 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-months. At the initial baseline visit, a complete medical examination was conducted, and blood was drawn for laboratory tests for above biochemical and hormonal variables under examination. Participants received an initial VD (Ergocalciferol; oral solution 600 000 IU/1.5 ml), and followed a VD treatment regime thereafter. At the four follow up visits (3, 6, 9 and 12 months), blood was collected, and patients' erectile function was evaluated by IIEF-5 questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES During the follow up visits, all the biochemical and hormonal (TT, estradiol and luteinizing hormones, HbA1c, serum lipids profile) were assessed, and patients' erectile function was evaluated by IIEF-5 questionnaire. RESULTS Patients' mean age was 53.2 ± 10.4 years. Serum VD exhibited significant increments (p <0.001) from baseline (15.16 ± 4.64 ng/mL), to 3 (31.90 ± 15.99 ng/mL), 6 (37.23 ± 12.42 ng/mL), 9 (44.88 ± 14.49 ng/mL) and 12 months (48.54 ± 11.62 ng/mL), and there was significant stepladder increases in both serum TT level (12.46 ± 3.30 to 15.99 ± 1.84 nmol/L) and erectile function scores (13.88 ± 3.96 to 20.25 ± 3.24) (p <0.001 for both). We also observed significant stepladder decreases in estradiol (87.90 ± 27.16 to 69.85 ± 14.80 pmol/L, p = 0.001), PTH (from 58.52 ± 28.99 to 38.33 ± 19.44 pg/mL, p <0.001) and HbA1c levels (7.41 ± 2.85 to 6.66 ± 1.67%, p = 0.001). Mean BMI significantly decreased from 33.91 ± 6.67 to 33.14 ± 6.35 kg/m2 (p = 0.001); and PSA values significantly increased from 0.59 ± 0.30 to 0.82 ± 0.39 ng/mL (p <0.001) at the end of the 12 months' follow-up. There were no changes in LH levels. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that VD treatment improves testosterone levels, metabolic syndrome and erectile function in middle-aged men. More randomized placebo-controlled interventional trials of VD treatment in patients with the metabolic syndrome and low TT could assist in uncovering the putative roles of VD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Walid El Ansari
- b Department of Surgery , Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation , Doha , Qatar , and
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Zhao D, Ouyang P, de Boer IH, Lutsey PL, Farag YMK, Guallar E, Siscovick DS, Post WS, Kalyani RR, Billups KL, Michos ED. Serum vitamin D and sex hormones levels in men and women: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Maturitas 2016; 96:95-102. [PMID: 28041602 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency has been associated with low testosterone levels in men, but there are conflicting reports of its associations with sex hormones in women. Less is known about whether these associations are independent of adiposity and lifestyle factors, and whether they differ by race/ethnicity. AIM To examine associations of 25(OH)D concentrations with sex hormone levels. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of 3017 men and 2929 women in a multi-ethnic cohort. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and free testosterone. RESULTS The mean (SD) levels of 25(OH)D in men and women were 25.7(10.4) and 26.1(12.0)ng/ml, respectively. In men, after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle variables, a 10ng/ml [25nmol/L] decrease in 25(OH)D was associated with an average difference of -0.70nmol/L (95%CI -1.36, -0.05) in SHBG and 0.02 percent (0.01, 0.04) in free testosterone, but was not associated with low total testosterone level (<10.41nmol/L). In women, a 10ng/ml decrease in 25(OH)D levels was associated with an average difference of -0.01nmol/L (-0.01, -0.00) for estradiol, -8.29nmol/L (-10.13, -6.45) for SHBG, 0.06 percent (0.04, 0.07) for free testosterone, and 0.40nmol/L (0.19, 0.62) for DHEA. There was no significant interaction by race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Lower 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with lower SHBG levels and higher free testosterone levels in both men and women, and lower estradiol and higher DHEA levels in women, independent of adiposity and lifestyle. We observed no significant association of 25(OH)D with total testosterone in men. Future studies are needed to determine whether vitamin D supplementation influences sex hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Pamela Ouyang
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Pamela L Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Youssef M K Farag
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Division of Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin L Billups
- Departments of Surgery/Urology and Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Erin D Michos
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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