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Amaro-Gahete FJ, Vázquez-Lorente H, Jurado-Fasoli L, Dote-Montero M, Kohler I, Ruiz JR. Low vitamin D levels are linked with increased cardiovascular disease risk in young adults: a sub-study and secondary analyses from the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1645-1656. [PMID: 38172418 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency is related to metabolic disturbances. Indeed, a poor vitamin D status has been usually detected in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between vitamin D and CVD risk factors in young adults remains controversial at present. This study aimed to examine the association between circulating 25-hydroxivitamin D (25(OH)D) and CVD risk factors in young adults. METHODS The present cross-sectional study included a cohort of 177 young adults aged 18-25 years old (65% women). 25(OH)D serum concentrations were assessed using a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Fasting CVD risk factors (i.e., body composition, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, liver, and inflammatory markers) were determined by routine methods. A panel of 63 oxylipins and endocannabinoids (eCBs) was also analyzed by targeted metabolomics. RESULTS Circulating 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with a wide range of CVD risk factors including anthropometrical (all P ≤ 0.005), body composition (all P ≤ 0.038), glucose metabolism (all P ≤ 0.029), lipid profile (all P < 0.035), liver (all P ≤ 0.011), and pro-inflammatory biomarkers (all P ≤ 0.030). No associations of serum 25(OH)D concentrations were found with pro-inflammatory markers (all P ≥ 0.104), omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins, nor eCBs concentrations or their analogs (all P ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSION The present findings support the idea that 25(OH)D could be a useful predictor of CVD risk in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - H Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - L Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Dote-Montero
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - I Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J R Ruiz
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Liu Y, Wu Y, Hu X, Sun Y, Zeng G, Wang Q, Liu S, Sun M. The role of vitamin D receptor in predentin mineralization and dental repair after injury. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 396:343-351. [PMID: 38492000 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Dentin is a permeable and complex tubular composite formed by the mineralization of predentin that mineralization and repair are of considerable clinical interest during dentin homeostasis. The role of Vdr, a receptor of vitamin D, in dentin homeostasis remains unexplored. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of Vdr on predentin mineralization and dental repair. Vdr-knockout (Vdr-/-) mice models were constructed; histology and immunohistochemistry analyses were conducted for both WT and Vdr-/- mice. The finding revealed a thicker predentin in Vdr-/- mice, characterized by higher expression of biglycan and decorin. A dental injury model was employed to observe tertiary dentin formation in Vdr-/- mice with dental injuries. Results showed that tertiary dentin was harder to form in Vdr-/- mice with dental injury. Over time, heightened pulp invasion was observed at the injury site in Vdr-/- mice. Expression of biglycan and decorin was reduced in the predentin at the injury site in the Vdr-/- mice by immunohistochemistry. Taken together, our results imply that Vdr plays a regulatory role in predentin mineralization and tertiary dentin formation during dentin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yinlin Wu
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Guojin Zeng
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Qinglong Wang
- Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China.
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Chuang Huai Road, Bengbu, 233004, China.
| | - Meiqun Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, 233030, China.
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Lei F, Ni J, Hu JL, Guo DN, Fan J. Different doses of vitamin D supplementation to nonsurgical treatment for vitamin-D-insufficient patients with diabetic periodontitis and the effect on gingival BMP-2 levels. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:1030-1037. [PMID: 37395326 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data show people with diabetes mellitus (DM) have three-fold increase in risk of periodontitis. A vitamin D insufficiency can affect the progression of DM and periodontitis. This study evaluated the effects of different-dose vitamin D supplementation to nonsurgical periodontal therapy for vitamin-D-insufficient diabetic patients coexisting with periodontitis and changes of gingival bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) levels. The study included 30 vitamin-D-insufficient patients receiving nonsurgical treatment followed by administration of 25,000 international units (IU) vitamin D3 per week (the low-VD group) and 30 patients receiving 50,000 UI vitamin D per week (the high-VD group). The decreases of probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, bleeding index, and periodontal plaque index values of patients after the six-month supplementation of 50,000 UI vitamin D3 per week to nonsurgical treatment were more significant than those after the six-month supplementation of 25,000 UI vitamin D3 per week to nonsurgical treatment. It was found that 50,000 IU per week vitamin D supplementation for 6 months could lead to a better glycemic control for vitamin-D-insufficient diabetic patients coexisting with periodontitis after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Increased levels of serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 and gingival BMP-2 were found in both low- and high-dose VD groups, and the high-dose VD group exhibited higher levels than the low-dose VD group. Vitamin D supplementation in large doses for 6 months tended to improve the treatment of periodontitis and increase gingival BMP-2 levels in diabetic patients coexisting with periodontitis who were vitamin D deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lei
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin-Long Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan-Ni Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Li C, Zhang J, Wang L, Yang J. A case of early-onset periodontitis with vitamin D deficiency: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35321. [PMID: 37773856 PMCID: PMC10545046 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, has protective effects on inflammatory response in various systemic conditions. The clinical features of vitamin D deficiency include growth failure, hypotonia, pathologic fractures, rachitic rosary, tetany and so on. Here we present a case of 12-year-old girl affected by early-onset periodontitis accompanied with vitamin D deficiency. PATIENT CONCERNS A 12-year-old girl with gingival redness, bleeding associated with tooth brushing, and mandibular anterior teeth movement, with difficulty in mastication for the past 2 months. There is no relevant family history or special systemic disease history. The serological microelement test showed vitamin D levels were significantly lower than normal range. Immunological test showed abnormal CD4+/CD8+(CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+) ratio as well. DIAGNOSES Based on the clinical and serological findings, this patient was ultimately diagnosed with early-onset periodontitis accompanied with vitamin D deficiency. INTERVENTIONS The main treatments for this patient were 3-fold: periodontal therapy, vitamin D supplement and oral hygiene instructions. OUTCOMES Following 1-year therapy, periodontal conditions recovered and became stable. And serological vitamin D levels returned to normal range. LESSONS The case of interest serves as an important reminder to clinicians, that the early-onset periodontitis may be associated with micronutrients abnormalities, and early-diagnosis and treatment could avoid the body heathy disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lufei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research & Department of Orthodontics, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Guha Biswas P, Mohan A, Kandaswamy E. Treatment of Periodontitis Affecting Human Primary Teeth-A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:171. [PMID: 37504237 PMCID: PMC10378644 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to report the treatment options (Intervention) and outcomes (O) for primary teeth affected by periodontitis (Population) and if the treatment of primary teeth can prevent the spread of periodontitis to permanent teeth (Outcomes). The following databases were searched for papers published before December 2022: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Ebscohost. Studies on children affected by periodontitis involving the primary teeth were included and those on children who presented with periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease were excluded. Narrative synthesis and methodological quality assessments were performed for the included studies. Three interventional studies (without a control group) that evaluated treatments involving scaling and root planing (SRP with antibiotics) and extraction were included (total n = 60 patients). Additionally, twelve case reports/case series articles (n = 19 patients) were identified. The diagnoses ranged from aggressive periodontitis to juvenile periodontitis and pre-pubertal periodontitis. Based on a limited number of published studies, it was found that the early treatment of periodontitis affecting the primary teeth using SRP and systemic antibiotics resulted in favorable improvements in PD and CAL. Limited evidence suggests that SRP and the extraction of the primary teeth involved have the potential to prevent periodontitis affecting permanent teeth. Future trials are required to standardize the treatment protocols and to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Protyusha Guha Biswas
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India
| | | | - Eswar Kandaswamy
- Department of Periodontics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Dentistry, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
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Zhao Z, Liu J, Weir MD, Schneider A, Ma T, Oates TW, Xu HHK, Zhang K, Bai Y. Periodontal ligament stem cell-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1071472. [PMID: 36532583 PMCID: PMC9755356 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1071472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Stem cell-based tissue engineering approaches are promising for bone repair and regeneration. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for maxillofacial bone and periodontal regeneration. Many studies have shown potent results via PDLSCs in bone regeneration. In this review, we describe recent cutting-edge researches on PDLSC-based bone regeneration and periodontal tissue regeneration. Data and sources: An extensive search of the literature for papers related to PDLSCs-based bioactive constructs for bone tissue engineering was made on the databases of PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar. The papers were selected by three independent calibrated reviewers. Results: Multiple types of materials and scaffolds have been combined with PDLSCs, involving xeno genic bone graft, calcium phosphate materials and polymers. These PDLSC-based constructs exhibit the potential for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration. In addition, various osteo inductive agents and strategies have been applied with PDLSCs, including drugs, biologics, gene therapy, physical stimulation, scaffold modification, cell sheets and co-culture. Conclusoin: This review article demonstrates the great potential of PDLSCs-based bioactive constructs as a promising approach for bone and periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqing Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Thomas W. Oates
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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