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He S, Li L, Yao Y, Su J, Lei S, Zhang Y, Zeng H. Bile acid and its bidirectional interactions with gut microbiota: a review. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024; 50:684-701. [PMID: 37766478 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2262020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are an important metabolite produced by cholesterol catabolism. It serves important roles in glucose and lipid metabolism and host-microbe interaction. Recent research has shown that different gut-microbiota can secrete different metabolic-enzymes to mediate the deconjugation, dehydroxylation and epimerization of BAs. In addition, microbes mediate BAs transformation and exert physiological functions in metabolic diseases may have a potentially close relationship with diet. Therefore, elaborating the pathways by which gut microbes mediate the transformation of BAs through enzymatic reactions involved are principal to understand the mechanism of effects between dietary patterns, gut microbes and BAs, and to provide theoretical knowledge for the development of functional foods to regulate metabolic diseases. In the present review, we summarized works on the physiological function of BAs, as well as the classification and composition of BAs in different animal models and its organs. In addition, we mainly focus on the bidirectional interactions of gut microbes with BAs transformation, and discuss the effects of diet on microbial transformation of BAs. Finally, we raised the question of further in-depth investigation of the food-gut microbial-BAs relationship, which might contribute to the improvement of metabolic diseases through dietary interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi He
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lanxin Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingning Yao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinhan Su
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Suzhen Lei
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Zhang BY, Yang HL, Nie QJ, Zhang Y, Cai GH, Sun YZ. High dietary wheat starch negatively regulated growth performance, glucose and lipid metabolisms, liver and intestinal health of juvenile largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:635-651. [PMID: 38165563 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were fed with three diets containing 6%, 12%, and 18% wheat starch for 70 days to examine their impacts on growth performance, glucose and lipid metabolisms, and liver and intestinal health. The results suggested that the 18% starch group inhibited the growth, and improved the hepatic glycogen content compared with the 6% and 12% starch groups (P < 0.05). High starch significantly improved the activities of glycolysis-related enzymes, hexokinase (HK), glucokinase (GK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) (P < 0.05); promoted the mRNA expression of glycolysis-related phosphofructokinase (pfk); decreased the activities of gluconeogenesis-related enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase (PC), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK); and reduced the mRNA expression of gluconeogenesis-related fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase-1(fbp1) (P < 0.05). High starch reduced the hepatic mRNA expressions of bile acid metabolism-related cholesterol hydroxylase (cyp7a1) and small heterodimer partner (shp) (P < 0.05), increased the activity of hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) (P < 0.05), and reduced the hepatic mRNA expressions of lipid metabolism-related peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (ppar-α) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (cpt-1α) (P < 0.05). High starch promoted inflammation; significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor-β1 (tgf-β1), interleukin-10 (il-10), and interleukin-11β (il-11β); and increased the mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), interleukin-1β (il-1β), and interleukin-8 (il-8) in the liver and intestinal tract (P < 0.05). Additionally, high starch negatively influenced the intestinal microbiota, with the reduced relative abundance of Trichotes and Actinobacteria and the increased relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. In conclusion, low dietary wheat starch level (6%) was more profitable to the growth and health of M. salmoides, while high dietary starch level (12% and 18%) could regulate the glucose and lipid metabolisms, impair the liver and intestinal health, and thus decrease the growth performance of M. salmoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Yun Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hong-Ling Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qing-Jie Nie
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Guo-He Cai
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Wang MM, Huang YY, Liu WB, Xiao K, Wang X, Guo HX, Zhang YL, Fan JW, Li XF, Jiang GZ. Interactive effects of dietary leucine and isoleucine affect amino acid profile and metabolism through AKT/TOR signaling pathways in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:385-401. [PMID: 36525145 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to explore the interaction between dietary leucine and isoleucine levels on whole-body composition, plasma and liver biochemical indexes, amino acids deposition in the liver, and amino acid metabolism of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). The test fish (average weight: 56.00 ± 0.55 g) were fed one of six diets at random containing two leucine levels (1.70% and 2.50%) and three isoleucine levels (1.00%, 1.20%, and 1.40%) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the final weight and weight gain rate were the highest in the fish fed low-level leucine and high-level isoleucine diets (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the crude lipid content was significantly adjusted by diets with diverse levels of leucine and isoleucine (P < 0.05). In addition, interactive effects of these two branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were found on plasma total protein, blood ammonia, and blood urea nitrogen of test fish (P < 0.05). Additionally, the liver amino acid profiles were significantly influenced by the interactive effects of the two BCAAs (P < 0.05). Moreover, interactive effects of dietary leucine and isoleucine were significantly observed in the expressions of amino acid metabolism-related genes (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that dietary leucine and isoleucine had interaction. Meanwhile, the interaction between them was more conducive to the growth and quality improvement of blunt snout bream when the dietary leucine level was 1.70% and isoleucine level was 1.40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mang-Mang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Wei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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