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Ahmed K, Choudhary MI, Saleem RSZ. Heterocyclic pyrimidine derivatives as promising antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115701. [PMID: 37591149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health concern. The quest to understand the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance needs to be accompanied by an expanded arsenal of drugs. This calls for the development of new compounds with anti-bacterial properties. The ease of functionalization of the pyrimidine core, to produce structurally distinct compound libraries, has made pyrimidine a privileged structure for identifying anti-bacterial hits. The activity of pyrimidine derivatives can be attributed to the various subunits linked with the main core, especially at C-2 or C-4 or C-6. Particularly, presence of NH2 attached to C-2 of the pyrimidine nucleus has been shown to enhance the anti-bacterial activity against pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The diversity of synthetic routes used for the synthesis of such compounds, the reported biological activities, and a growing need to develop novel anti-bacterial agents warrant a review that presents recent reports on the synthesis and anti-bacterial activities of pyrimidine-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBASSE, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Sector-U, DHA, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBASSE, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Sector-U, DHA, Lahore, 54792, Pakistan.
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2
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Maliszewski D, Demirel R, Wróbel A, Baradyn M, Ratkiewicz A, Drozdowska D. s-Triazine Derivatives Functionalized with Alkylating 2-Chloroethylamine Fragments as Promising Antimicrobial Agents: Inhibition of Bacterial DNA Gyrases, Molecular Docking Studies, and Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1248. [PMID: 37765056 PMCID: PMC10650753 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The spectrum of biological properties of s-triazine derivatives is broad and includes anti-microbial, anti-cancer, and anti-neurodegenerative activities, among others. The s-triazine molecule, due to the possibility of substituting three substituents, offers many opportunities to obtain hybrid compounds with a wide variety of activities. A group of 1,3,5 triazine derivatives containing a dipeptide, 2-ethylpiperazine, and a methoxy group as substituents was screened for their antimicrobial activity. An in vitro study was conducted on pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and M. luteus), yeasts (C. albicans), and filamentous fungi (A. fumigatus, A. flavus, F. solani, and P. citrinum) via microdilution in broth, and the results were compared with antibacterial (Streptomycin) and antifungal (Ketoconazole and Nystatin) antibiotics. Several s-triazine analogues have minimal inhibitory concentrations lower than the standard. To confirm the inhibitory potential of the most active compounds against gyrases E. coli and S. aureus, a bacterial gyrases inhibition assay, and molecular docking studies were performed. The most active s-triazine derivatives contained the -NH-Trp(Boc)-AlaOMe, -NH-Asp(OtBu)-AlaOMe, and -NH-PheOMe moieties in their structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Maliszewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.M.); (A.W.)
| | - Rasime Demirel
- Department of Biology, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir 26555, Turkey;
| | - Agnieszka Wróbel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.M.); (A.W.)
| | - Maciej Baradyn
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (M.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Artur Ratkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (M.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Danuta Drozdowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.M.); (A.W.)
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3
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Gupta S, Paul K. Membrane-active substituted triazines as antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus with potential for low drug resistance and broad activity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115551. [PMID: 37348297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
A library of new naphthalimide-triazine analogues was synthesized as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents to overcome drug resistance. Bioactivity assay reveals that derivative 8e, with benzylamine in its structure, exhibits strong antibacterial properties against multi-drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 1.56 μg/ml. It was also found to be better than chloromycin and amoxicillin. The active compound 8e efficiently inhibits the development of drug resistance within 11 passages. In addition, compound 8e inhibits the formation of biofilms in S. aureus and acts rapidly in bactericidal efficacy. Furthermore, mechanistic studies reveal that compound 8e effectively destroys the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria, leading to leakage of intercellular protein content and loss in metabolic activity. Compound 8e binds to HSA readily with a binding constant of 1.32 × 105 M-1, indicating that the compound could be delivered to the target site effectively. Compound 8e can also form a supramolecular complex with DNA to obstruct DNA replications. These results suggest that analogue 8e could be further developed as a potential antibacterial agent. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of all the synthesized compounds was evaluated against 60 human cancer cell lines to test their potential for anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Gupta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147001, India
| | - Kamaldeep Paul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147001, India.
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Lukyanova SV, Adamovich SN, Konovalova ZA, Oborina EN, Gefan NG, Ostyak AS, Kuznetsov VI, Voichenko NA. Silatrane-Sulfonamide Hybrids as Promising Antibacterial Agents. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022; 174:66-70. [PMID: 36437334 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
At the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, a series of silatrane-sulfonamide hybrids 1a-d and 2a-d was synthesized. The antibacterial activity of 1a, 1b, 1d, 2a, and 2b against test strains of bacteria Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG, Yersinia enterocolitica 628/1, Listeria monocytogenes 766, and Starhylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P (FDA 209-Р) was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration for silatrane-sulfonamide hybrids was 100-200 mg/liter. Silatrane-sulfonamide hybrid 1d was the most active against all tested strains: minimum inhibitory concentration 100 mg/liter. Exposure to silatrane-sulfonamide hybrids in a doses of 100-200 mg/liter inhibited culture growth by 50-75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Lukyanova
- Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - S N Adamovich
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Zh A Konovalova
- Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - E N Oborina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - N G Gefan
- Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - A S Ostyak
- Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - V I Kuznetsov
- Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - N A Voichenko
- Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Irkutsk, Russia
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Noureen S, Ali S, Iqbal J, Zia MA, Hussain T. Synthesis, Comparative Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Some New 1,3,5 triazine Based Heterocyclic Compounds and in vitro Evaluation as Promising Biologically Active Agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Singh J, Panda SK, Singh AK. Recent developments in supramolecular complexes of azabenzenes containing one to four N atoms: synthetic strategies, structures, and magnetic properties. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18945-18972. [PMID: 35873336 PMCID: PMC9240818 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03455g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last couple of decades, azabenzene-based ligands have drawn much attention from inorganic chemists due to their ability to coordinate with different metal ions to form supramolecular clusters. These azabenzenes are weak σ donors and strong π acceptors and electron-deficient. Metallogrid complexes and non-grid oligomers are well-defined supramolecular clusters, formed by appropriate chelating ligands, and can show interesting optical, magnetic, and electronic properties. Self-assembly of [n × n] metallogrid complexes is dominated by the entropic factor while the formation of oligonuclear metal ion complexes is dominated by other effects like CFSE, electrostatic factors, ligand conformational characters, etc. Herein, the present article gives an overview of six-membered heterocyclic azine-based ligands and their potential for different metal ions to form polynuclear complexes. Moreover, their temperature-dependent magnetic properties and SCO phenomena are well described and tabulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Singh
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Suvam Kumar Panda
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar 752 050 India
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7
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Kim S, Tang K, Kim TH, Hwang Y. Selective removal of cationic organic pollutants using disulfide-linked polymer. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Synthesis of metal anthranilate complexes: catalytic and antipathogenic studies. BMC Chem 2022; 16:21. [PMID: 35346333 PMCID: PMC8958793 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anthranilic acid is an active compound with diverse biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, anti-malarial and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. It can also chelate transition metals to form complexes with applications as antipathogens, photoluminescent materials, corrosion inhibitors, and catalysts. Results Anthranilic acid complexes (1–10) of Zn(II), Bi(III), Ag(I), Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Al, Ni(II), and Cr(III) were synthesized and characterized using thermogravimetric (TGA), elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–vis spectrometry, mass spectrometry and magnetic susceptibility. The morphology and size of metal complex (1–10) particles were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the surface area was determined by BET analysis. TGA and CHN analysis data indicated that the stoichiometries of complexes were 1:2 metal/ligand except for Ag(I), Al and Bi. Furthermore, DFT study was performed to optimize the structure of selected complexes. The complexes (1–10) were evaluated for their catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), antibacterial activity against S. aureus, P. aeroginosa and E. coli as well as their antifungal activity against F. solani and A. niger. The complexes were also tested against the second-stage juveniles (J2) root-knot nematodes. Conclusion Co(II) complex 5 and Cu(II) complex 6 showed high catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-NP to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). Ag(I) complex 3 showed the best activity against the pathogens that were tested namely clinically important bacteria S. aureus, P. aeroginosa and E. coli, commercially important fungi F. solani and A. niger and J2 root-knot nematodes M. javanica.
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Murugan K, Panneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, Paulpandi M, Rajaganesh R, Vasanthakumaran M, Madhavan J, Shafi SS, Roni M, Portilla-Pulido JS, Mendez SC, Duque JE, Wang L, Aziz AT, Chandramohan B, Dinesh D, Piramanayagam S, Hwang JS. Synthesis of new series of quinoline derivatives with insecticidal effects on larval vectors of malaria and dengue diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4765. [PMID: 35306526 PMCID: PMC8933857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito borne diseases are on the rise because of their fast spread worldwide and the lack of effective treatments. Here we are focusing on the development of a novel anti-malarial and virucidal agent with biocidal effects also on its vectors. We have synthesized a new quinoline (4,7-dichloroquinoline) derivative which showed significant larvicidal and pupicidal properties against a malarial and a dengue vector and a lethal toxicity ranging from 4.408 µM/mL (first instar larvae) to 7.958 µM/mL (pupal populations) for Anopheles stephensi and 5.016 µM/mL (larva 1) to 10.669 µM/mL (pupae) for Aedes aegypti. In-vitro antiplasmodial efficacy of 4,7-dichloroquinoline revealed a significant growth inhibition of both sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 values of 6.7 nM (CQ-s) and 8.5 nM (CQ-r). Chloroquine IC50 values, as control, were 23 nM (CQ-s), and 27.5 nM (CQ-r). In vivo antiplasmodial studies with P. falciparum infected mice showed an effect of 4,7-dichloroquinoline compared to chloroquine. The quinoline compound showed significant activity against the viral pathogen serotype 2 (DENV-2). In vitro conditions and the purified quinoline exhibited insignificant toxicity on the host system up to 100 µM/mL. Overall, 4,7-dichloroquinoline could provide a good anti-vectorial and anti-malarial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadarkarai Murugan
- University of Science & Technology, Techno City, Kiling Road, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793 101, India.
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India.
| | | | - Jayapal Subramaniam
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Rajapandian Rajaganesh
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | | | - Jagannathan Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, 632 115, India
| | - S Syed Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, 632 115, India
| | - Mathath Roni
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Johan S Portilla-Pulido
- Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM). Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales-CINTROP, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Guatiguará Technology and Research Park, Km 2 Vía El Refugio, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia
| | - Stelia C Mendez
- Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Microbiología (GIBIM). Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Jonny E Duque
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales-CINTROP, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Guatiguará Technology and Research Park, Km 2 Vía El Refugio, Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Al Thabiani Aziz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balamurugan Chandramohan
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Devakumar Dinesh
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Shanmughavel Piramanayagam
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
- Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
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10
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Adamovich SN, Ushakov IA, Oborina EN, Vashchenko AV. Silatrane-sulfonamide hybrids: Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of biological activity. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Noureen S, Ali S, Zia MA, Afzal M, Ayub AR, El-Naggar M. Synthesis, combined theoretical and spectral characterization of some new 1,3,5 triazine compounds, and their in vitro biological analysis. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00389a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
New N-heterocyclic compounds with a 1,3,5 triazine core were synthesized by a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Noureen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anjum Zia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- Department of Chemistry, Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Kayet Bay, Alexandria, Egypt
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Bukharov SV, Burilov AR, Tagasheva RG, Nugumanova GN, Nikitina EV, Mukmeneva NA. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Sulfanilamides Containing Sterically Hindered Phenol Fragments. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Singh S, Mandal MK, Masih A, Saha A, Ghosh SK, Bhat HR, Singh UP. 1,3,5-Triazine: A versatile pharmacophore with diverse biological activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000363. [PMID: 33760298 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1,3,5-Triazine and its derivatives have been the epicenter of chemotherapeutic molecules due to their effective biological activities, such as antibacterial, fungicidal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiamoebic, and antitubercular activities. The present review represents a summarized report of the crucial biological activities possessed by substituted 1,3,5-triazine derivatives, with special attention to the most potent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Singh
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Milan K Mandal
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anup Masih
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashmita Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Surajit K Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Hans R Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Udaya P Singh
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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14
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Antibacterial activities of sulfonyl or sulfonamide containing heterocyclic derivatives and its structure-activity relationships (SAR) studies: A critical review. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Abd Alhameed R, Almarhoon Z, N. Sholkamy E, Ali Khan S, Ul-Haq Z, Sharma A, G. de la Torre B, Albericio F, El-Faham A. Novel 4,6-Disubstituted s-Triazin-2-yl Amino Acid Derivatives as Promising Antifungal Agents. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040237. [PMID: 33096851 PMCID: PMC7712924 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 4,6-disubstituted s-triazin-2-yl amino acid derivatives was prepared and characterized. Most of them showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans compared to clotrimazole (standard drug). Compounds bearing aniline derivatives, piperidine and glycine on the triazine core showed the highest inhibition zones at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 μg per disc. In addition, docking studies revealed that all the compounds accommodated well in the active site residues of N-myristoltransferase (NMT) and exhibited complementarity, which explains the observed antifungal activity. Interestingly, none of these compounds showed antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakia Abd Alhameed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (Z.A.)
| | - Zainab Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (Z.A.)
| | - Essam N. Sholkamy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salman Ali Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (S.A.K.); (Z.U.-H.)
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (S.A.K.); (Z.U.-H.)
| | - Anamika Sharma
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (A.S.); (B.G.d.l.T.)
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (A.S.); (B.G.d.l.T.)
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (Z.A.)
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine) and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: or (F.A.); or (A.E.-F.); Tel.: +966-114673195 (A.E.-F.)
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (Z.A.)
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia 12321, Alexandria, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (F.A.); or (A.E.-F.); Tel.: +966-114673195 (A.E.-F.)
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Synthesis and Characterizations of s-Triazine Polymeric Complexes Including Epoxy Groups: Investigation of Their Magnetic and Thermal Properties. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-019-01132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Synthesis, characterisation, crystal structure and biological activity of metal(II) complexes with theophylline. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Dahlous KA, Almarhoon Z, Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed AY, Al Othman ZA, El-Faham A. Microwave Irradiation Assists the Synthesis of a Novel Series of bis-Arm s-Triazine Oxy-Schiff Base and Oxybenzylidene Barbiturate Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:E2976. [PMID: 30441854 PMCID: PMC6278277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of s-triazines incorporating 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde was prepared and fully characterized. The reaction was carried out via stepwise nucleophilic aromatic substitution of chlorine atoms in cyanuric chloride. The first chlorine was substituted by different amines (morpholine, piperidine, or diethylamine) to afford 2,4-dichloro-6-substituted-1,3,5-triazine. The second and third chlorines were substituted by benzaldehyde derivatives in the presence of Na₂CO₃ as a HCl scavenger to afford the target products: s-triazine oxyaldehyde derivatives (dipodal). The dipodal derivatives were reacted with acid hydrazide, hydralazine, barbituric, or thiobarbituric acid derivatives using conventional heating or microwave irradiation to afford the di-arm s-triazine oxy-Schiff base and oxybenzylidene barbiturate derivatives in good yields. Microwave irradiation done in less solvent afforded the target product in less reaction time with good yield and purity. These types of derivatives might have special interest in coordination and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholood A Dahlous
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zainab Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Zeid A Al Othman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, 12321 Alexandria, Egypt.
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19
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Soliman SM, El-Faham A, Elsilk SE, Farooq M. Two heptacoordinated manganese(II) complexes of giant pentadentate s -triazine bis -Schiff base ligand: Synthesis, crystal structure, biological and DFT studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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20
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Ramadan DR, Elbardan AA, Bekhit AA, El-Faham A, Khattab SN. Synthesis and characterization of novel dimerics-triazine derivatives as potential anti-bacterial agents against MDR clinical isolates. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01483c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several dimerics-triazine Schiff bases displayed more potent anti-bacterial activity compared with ampicillin trihydrate. They revealed significantly low MIC values towards the tested MDR strains and showed a high selectivity index towards antimicrobial activity againstK. pneumoniaeandMRSA1compared to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa R. Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Alexandria University
- Alexandria 21321
- Egypt
| | - Aly A. Elbardan
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Alexandria University
- Alexandria 21321
- Egypt
| | - Adnan A. Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Alexandria University
- Egypt
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL)
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Alexandria University
- Alexandria 21321
- Egypt
| | - Sherine N. Khattab
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Alexandria University
- Alexandria 21321
- Egypt
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21
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Studies of Novel Series of 2,4-Bis(hydrazino)-6-substituted-1,3,5-triazine and Their Schiff Base Derivatives. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/8507567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work represents the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial studies of novel series of 2,4-bis(hydrazino)-6-substituted-1,3,5-triazine and their Schiff base derivatives. IR, NMR (H1 and C13), elemental analysis, and LC-MS characterized the prepared compounds. The biological activity of the target products was evaluated as well. Twenty-two of the prepared compounds were selected according to their solubility in aqueous DMSO. Only eight compounds showed good activity against the selected pathogenic bacteria and did not show antagonistic effect against fungus Candida albicans. Two compounds 4k and 5g have wide-range effect presently in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria while other compounds (4f, 4i, 4m, 5d, 6i, and 6h) showed specific effect against the Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, μg/mL) of 4f, 4i, 4k, and 6h compounds against Streptococcus mutans was 62.5 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 31.25 μg/mL, and 31.25 μg/mL, respectively. The MIC of 4m, 4k, 5d, 5g, and 6h compounds against Staphylococcus aureus was 62.5 μg/mL, 31.25 μg/mL, 31.25 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 62.5 μg/mL, respectively. The MIC of 4k, 5g, and 6i compounds against Salmonella typhimurium was 31.25 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 62.5 μg/mL, respectively. The MIC of 6i compound against Escherichia coli was 62.5 μg/mL.
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22
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Gaur P, Durga Bhaskar Yamajala K, Banerjee S. Efficient synthetic route to aromatic secondary amines via Pd/RuPhos/TBAB-catalyzed cross coupling. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, C–N cross coupling methodology was developed for the synthesis of a diverse range of nitro-substituted secondary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinki Gaur
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU)
- Girinagar
- India
| | - K. Durga Bhaskar Yamajala
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU)
- Girinagar
- India
| | - Shaibal Banerjee
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU)
- Girinagar
- India
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