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Payod RB, Pushkarchuk AL, Michels DL, Lyakhov DA, Saroka VA. Comparative analysis of absorption resonances between carbynes and cyclo[n]carbons. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:425302. [PMID: 38986474 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad61ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Two approaches are presented here to analyze the absorption resonances between carbynes and cyclo[n]carbons, namely the analytical tight-binding model to calculate the optical selection rules of cumulenic atomic rings and chains and theab initiotime-dependent density functional theory for the optical investigation of polyynic carbon ring and chains. The optical absorption spectra of the carbon ring match that of the finite chain when their eigen energies align following theNring=2Nchain+2rule, which states that the number of atoms in an atomic ringNringis twice the number of atoms on a finite chainNchainwith two additional atoms. Two representative atomic chains are chosen for our numerical calculations, specifically carbynes withN=7and8carbon atoms as optical resonance spectra match to a recently synthesized carbon ring called cyclo[18]carbon. Despite the mismatch in resonance peaks, molecular orbital transitions of both carbynesN = 7 and 8 and cyclo[18]carbon reveal a wave function symmetry change from inversion to reflection and vice versa for allowed molecular orbital transitions, which results in electron density redistribution along the polyynic carbyne axis or the cyclo[18]carbon circumference. Our investigation of the correlation of optical absorption peaks between carbynes and cyclo[n]carbons is a step towards enhancing the reliability of allotrope identification in advanced molecular device spectroscopy. Moreover, this work could facilitate the non-invasive, rapid and crucial assessment of these sensitive 1D allotropes by providing accurate descriptions of their electronic and optical properties, particularly in controlled synthesis environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renebeth B Payod
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Physics, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, The Philippines
| | - Aliaxandr L Pushkarchuk
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 13 Surganov Str., Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Dominik L Michels
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmitry A Lyakhov
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vasil A Saroka
- Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata and INFN, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Roma 00133, Italy
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Sakr MAS, Saad MA, Saroka VA, Abdelsalam H, Zhang Q. Exploring the Potential of Chemically Modified Graphyne Nanodots as an Efficient Adsorbent and Sensitive Detector of Environmental Contaminants: A First Principles Study. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:945-960. [PMID: 37436616 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the reactivity of γ-graphyne (Gp) and its derivatives, Gp-CH3, Gp-COOH, Gp-CN, Gp-NO2, and Gp-SOH, for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions (Hg+ 2, Pb+ 2, and Cd+ 2) from wastewater. From the analysis of the optimized structures, it was observed that all the compounds exhibited planar geometry. The dihedral angles (C9-C2-C1-C6 and C9-C2-C1-C6) were approximately 180.00°, indicating planarity in all molecular arrangements. To understand the electronic properties of the compounds, the HOMO (EH) and LUMO (EL) energies were calculated, and their energy gaps (Eg) were determined. The EH and EL values ranged between - 6.502 and - 8.192 eV and - 1.864 and - 3.773 eV, respectively, for all the compounds. Comparing the EH values, Gp-NO2 exhibited the most stable HOMO, while Gp-CH3 had the least stable structure. In terms of EL values, Gp-NO2 had the most stable LUMO, while Gp-CH3 was the least stable. The Eg values followed the order: Gp-NO2 < Gp-COOH < Gp-CN < Gp-SOH < Gp-CH3 < Gp, with Gp-NO2 (4.41 eV) having the smallest energy gap. The density of states (DOS) analysis showed that the shape and functional group modifications affected the energy levels. Functionalization with electron-withdrawing (CN, NO2, COOH, SOH) or electron-donating (CH3) groups reduced the energy gap. To specifically target the removal of heavy metal ions, the Gp-NO2 ligand was selected for its high binding energy. Complexes of Gp-NO2-Cd, Gp-NO2-Hg, and Gp-NO2-Pb were optimized, and their properties were analyzed. The complexes were found to be planar, with metal-ligand bond distances within the range of 2.092→3.442 Å. The Gp-NO2-Pb complex exhibited the shortest bond length, indicating a stronger interaction due to the smaller size of Pb+ 2. The computed adsorption energy values (Eads) indicated the stability of the complexes, with values ranging from - 0.035 to -4.199 eV. Non-covalent interaction (NCI) analysis was employed to investigate intermolecular interactions in Gp-NO2 complexes. The analysis revealed distinct patterns of attractive and repulsive interactions, providing valuable insights into the binding preferences and steric effects of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A S Sakr
- Center of Basic Science (CBS), Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th, October City, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Saad
- Center of Basic Science (CBS), Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th, October City, Egypt
| | - Vasil A Saroka
- Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata and INFN, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Roma, 00133, Italy
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
- TBpack Ltd, 27 Old Gloucester Street, London, WC1N 3AX, UK
| | - Hazem Abdelsalam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China.
- Theoretical Physics Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth Str., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Qinfang Zhang
- TBpack Ltd, 27 Old Gloucester Street, London, WC1N 3AX, UK.
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Abdelsalam H, Sakr MA, Saroka VA, Abd-Elkader OH, Zhang Q. Nanoporous graphene quantum dots constructed from nanoribbon superlattices with controllable pore morphology and size for wastewater treatment. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2023; 40:103109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Abdelsalam H, Saroka VA, Atta MM, Osman W, Zhang Q. Tunable electro-optical properties of doped chiral graphene nanoribbons. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2N+4-rule and an atlas of bulk optical resonances of zigzag graphene nanoribbons. Nat Commun 2020; 11:82. [PMID: 31900390 PMCID: PMC6941967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of on-chip integrated carbon-based optoelectronic nanocircuits requires fast and non-invasive structural characterization of their building blocks. Recent advances in synthesis of single wall carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons allow for their use as atomically precise building blocks. However, while cataloged experimental data are available for the structural characterization of carbon nanotubes, such an atlas is absent for graphene nanoribbons. Here we theoretically investigate the optical absorption resonances of armchair carbon nanotubes and zigzag graphene nanoribbons continuously spanning the tube (ribbon) transverse sizes from 0.5(0.4) nm to 8.1(12.8) nm. We show that the linear mapping is guaranteed between the tube and ribbon bulk resonance when the number of atoms in the tube unit cell is [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the number of atoms in the ribbon unit cell. Thus, an atlas of carbon nanotubes optical transitions can be mapped to an atlas of zigzag graphene nanoribbons.
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