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Kravchenko E, Dela Cruz TL, Chen XW, Wong MH. Ecological consequences of biochar and hydrochar amendments in soil: assessing environmental impacts and influences. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42614-42639. [PMID: 38900405 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have caused irreversible consequences on our planet, including climate change and environmental pollution. Nevertheless, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and capturing carbon can mitigate global warming. Biochar and hydrochar are increasingly used for soil remediation due to their stable adsorption qualities. As soil amendments, these materials improve soil quality and reduce water loss, prevent cracking and shrinkage, and interact with microbial communities, resulting in a promising treatment method for reducing gas emissions from the top layer of soil. However, during long-term studies, contradictory results were found, suggesting that higher biochar application rates led to higher soil CO2 effluxes, biodiversity loss, an increase in invasive species, and changes in nutrient cycling. Hydrochar, generated through hydrothermal carbonization, might be less stable when introduced into the soil, which could lead to heightened GHG emissions due to quicker carbon breakdown and increased microbial activity. On the other hand, biochar, created via pyrolysis, demonstrates stability and can beneficially impact GHG emissions. Biochar could be the preferred red option for carbon sequestration purposes, while hydrochar might be more advantageous for use as a gas adsorbent. This review paper highlights the ecological impact of long-term applications of biochar and hydrochar in soil. In general, using these materials as soil amendments helps establish a sustainable pool of organic carbon, decreasing atmospheric GHG concentration and mitigating the impacts of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Kravchenko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Soil Health Laboratory, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
| | - Trishia Liezl Dela Cruz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xun Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Centre for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Department of Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ming Hung Wong
- Soil Health Laboratory, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia.
- Consortium On Health, Environment, Education, and Research (CHEER), The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China.
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Wu J, Fu X, Zhao L, Lv J, Lv S, Shang J, Lv J, Du S, Guo H, Ma F. Biochar as a partner of plants and beneficial microorganisms to assist in-situ bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171442. [PMID: 38453085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Synergistic remediation of heavy metal (HM) contaminated soil using beneficial microorganisms (BM) and plants is a common and effective in situ bioremediation method. However, the shortcomings of this approach are the low colonisation of BM under high levels of heavy metal stress (HMS) and the poor state of plant growth. Previous studies have overlooked the potential of biochar to mitigate the above problems and aid in-situ remediation. Therefore, this paper describes the characteristics and physicochemical properties of biochar. It is proposed that biochar enhances plant resistance to HMS and aids in situ bioremediation by increasing colonisation of BM and HM stability. On this basis, the paper focuses on the following possible mechanisms: specific biochar-derived organic matter regulates the transport of HMs in plants and promotes mycorrhizal colonisation via the abscisic acid signalling pathway and the karrikin signalling pathway; promotes the growth-promoting pathway of indole-3-acetic acid and increases expression of the nodule-initiating gene NIN; improvement of soil HM stability by ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption, redox and complex precipitation mechanisms. And this paper summarizes guidelines on how to use biochar-assisted remediation based on current research for reference. Finally, the paper identifies research gaps in biochar in the direction of promoting beneficial microbial symbiotic mechanisms, recognition and function of organic molecules, and factors affecting practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Wu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Xiaofan Fu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jin Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Sidi Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jiaxuan Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Shuxuan Du
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Haijuan Guo
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang Y, Xiao Q, Wu W, Zhang X, Xu X, Yang S. Comparison of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)-containing and WSOM-free biochars for simultaneous sorption of lead and cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171159. [PMID: 38387580 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The effects of individual biochar constituents and natural environmental media on the immobilization behaviors and chemical activities of toxic heavy metals are still poorly understood. In this work, the physicochemical properties of raw corn straw (CS) and CS-derived biochar materials as well as their sorption abilities and retention mechanisms for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were evaluated by combining batch experiments and spectral approaches. According to the spectral analysis results and single variable principle, the setting of biochars after soaking in solution as the control group was suggested when evaluating their retention mechanisms for Pb and Cd. The rising of ionic strength did not apparently affect the immobilization of Pb by biochar prepared at 500 °C (i.e., CB500) and Pb/Cd by water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)-free CB500 (i.e., DCB500), while slightly inhibited the sorption of Cd by CB500. Pb and Cd exhibited a mutual inhibition effect on their sorption trends with a higher sorption preference of Pb. The dominant fixation mechanism of Pb by CB500 and DCB500 was identified to be mineral precipitation. In contrast, the main sorption mechanism of Cd changed from mineral precipitation in the single-metal system to surface complexation in the binary-metal system. The sorption ratios of Pb and Cd on CB500 were comparable to those on DCB500 with the coexistence of mixed natural organic matters (NOM) and ferrihydrite. The current experimental findings suggested that DCB500 was a suitable remediation agent for regulating the migration behaviors of toxic Pb and Cd in acidic and NOM-rich soil and water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xuening Zhang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xinghua Xu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Shitong Yang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Li A, Tian T, Zhou X, Liu Y, Zhao M, Zhao L. Preparation of amino functionalized magnetic oyster shell powder adsorbent for selective removal of anionic dyes and Pb (II) from wastewater. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129414. [PMID: 38224802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A kind of new magnetic oyster shell (OS) composite (OS-Fe3O4@SiO2@NH2@PEI) was synthesized and used as an adsorbent to remove carmine (CM), sunset yellow (SY) and Pb (II) from water. Firstly, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were introduced on the surface of waste oyster shell powder, then amino silanization was used to improve the stability of the material, and finally polyethylenimide (PEI) was grafted by Schiff base reaction. The composite was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDS, XPS, VSM, BET, TEM and zeta potential. The effects of adsorbent dosage and initial solution pH on the three samples were investigated by adsorption experiments. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in depth under the best experimental conditions. The composite adsorbent not only selectively removed anionic azo dyes, but also had good recycling. In addition, OS-Fe3O4@SiO2@NH2@PEI still had good performance in mixed samples. These results indicated that OS-Fe3O4@SiO2@NH2@PEI was successfully used for the removal of a wide range of anionic dyes and heavy metal ions from the environment, and provided a new strategy for recycling waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Anwen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xunyong Zhou
- HC Enzyme Biotech Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518001, PR China
| | - Yutong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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Tang Y, Zhai Q, Zhang Z, Lu Z, Li R, Zhang H. Exploration of the biodegradation pathway and enhanced removal of imazethapyr from soil by immobilized Bacillus marcorestinctum YN1. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141178. [PMID: 38218236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Excessive or inappropriate applications of imazethapyr cause severe ecological deteriorations and health risks in human. A novel bacterial strain, i.e., Bacillus marcorestinctum YN1, was isolated to efficiently degrade imazethapyr, with the degradation pathways and intermediates predicted. Protein mass spectrometry analysis identified enzymes in strain YN1 potentially involved in imazethapyr biodegradation, including methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, carbon-nitrogen family hydrolase, heme degrading monooxygenase, and cytochrome P450. The strain YN1 was further immobilized with biochar (BC600) prepared from mushroom waste (i.e., spent mushroom substrate) by pyrolysis at 600 °C to evaluate its degrading characteristics of imazethapyr. Scanning electron microscope observation showed that strain YN1 was adsorbed in the rich pore structure of BC600 and the adsorption efficiency reached the maximum level of 88.02% in 6 h. Both energy dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses showed that BC600 contained many elements and functional groups. The results of liquid chromatography showed that biochar-immobilized strain YN1 (IBC-YN1) improved the degradation rate of imazethapyr from 79.2% to 87.4%. The degradation rate of imazethapyr by IBC-YN1 could still reach 81.0% in the third recycle, while the bacterial survival rate was 67.73% after 180 d storage at 4 °C. The treatment of IBC-YN1 significantly shortened the half-life of imazethapyr in non-sterilized soil from 35.51 to 11.36 d, and the vegetative growth of imazethapyr sensitive crop plant (i.e., Cucumis sativus L.) was significantly increased in soil remediated, showing that the inhibition rate of root length and fresh weight were decreased by 12.45% and 38.49% respectively. This study exhanced our understanding of microbial catabolism of imazethapyr, and provided a potential in situ remediation strategy for improving the soil environment polluted by imazethapyr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Tang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Qianhang Zhai
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Zhou Lu
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Ginseng and Antler Products (Changchun), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs of PR China, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Ranhong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Maqbool Z, Shahbaz Farooq M, Rafiq A, Uzair M, Yousuf M, Ramzan Khan M, Huo S. Unlocking the potential of biochar in the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals for sustainable agriculture. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23257. [PMID: 38310926 DOI: 10.1071/fp23257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) impose a threat to the environmental and to human health. Amendment with biochar could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective option to decrease HMs in contaminated soil. This paper reviews the application of biochar as a soil amendment to immobilise HMs in contaminated soil. We discuss the technologies of its preparation, their specific properties, and effect on the bioavailability of HMs. Biochar stabilises HMs in contaminated soil, enhance the overall quality of the contaminated soil, and significantly reduce HM uptake by plants, making it an option in soil remediation for HM contamination. Biochar enhances the physical (e.g. bulk density, soil structure, water holding capacity), chemical (e.g. cation exchange capacity, pH, nutrient availability, ion exchange, complexes), and biological properties (e.g. microbial abundance, enzymatic activities) of contaminated soil. Biochar also enhances soil fertility, improves plant growth, and reduces the plant availability of HMs. Various field studies have shown that biochar application reduces the bioavailability of HMs from contaminated soil while increasing crop yield. The review highlights the positive effects of biochar by reducing HM bioavailability in contaminated soils. Future work is recommended to ensure that biochars offer a safe and sustainable solution to remediate soils contaminated with HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubaira Maqbool
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; and Department of Soil Science and Environmental Science, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz Farooq
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; and Rice Research Program, Crop Sciences Institute (CSI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Anum Rafiq
- Institute Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousuf
- Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC), G5, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shuhao Huo
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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Jiang J, Li R, Yang K, Li Y, Deng L, Che D. Investigation on Pb 2+ adsorption characteristics by AAEMs-rich biochar in aqueous solution: Performance and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116731. [PMID: 37517492 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Biochar derived from soybean straw with AAEMs (alkali and alkaline earth metals) enrichment could efficiently remove heavy metals from contaminated water. In this study, the influences of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical property and adsorption performance of soybean straw biochar were investigated. The contributions of different adsorption mechanisms were analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the soybean straw biochar exhibits excellent Pb2+ adsorption performance (157.2-227.2 mg g-1), with an order of BC800 > BC400 > BC600 > BC700 > BC500. The mechanisms of metal ion exchange (37.49%-72.58%) and precipitation with minerals (22.38%-58.03%) mainly control the Pb2+ adsorption, whereas complexation with organic functional groups (OFGs) and cation-Cπ interaction make the less contribution. The order of cation exchange capacity (CEC) is BC400 > BC800 > BC700 > BC600 > BC500, showing a high correlation (0.965) with the contribution of metal ion exchange with AAEMs. Moreover, Ca exhibits the strongest exchange capacity. The contribution of precipitation is consistent with the variation of soluble CO32- content in biochar. These results suggest that soybean straw biochar rich in AAEMs is a prospective adsorbent for Pb2+ elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'a, 710049, China.
| | - Ruiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'a, 710049, China; Shunde Institue of Inspection, Guangdong Institue of Special Equipment Inspection and Research, Foshan, 528300, China.
| | - Kaixuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'a, 710049, China; Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co.,Ltd., Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'a, 710049, China; Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institue Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Lei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'a, 710049, China.
| | - Defu Che
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'a, 710049, China
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Guel-Nájar NA, Rios-Hurtado JC, Muzquiz-Ramos EM, Dávila-Pulido GI, González-Ibarra AA, Pat-Espadas AM. Magnetic Biochar Obtained by Chemical Coprecipitation and Pyrolysis of Corn Cob Residues: Characterization and Methylene Blue Adsorption. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3127. [PMID: 37109964 PMCID: PMC10140941 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a carbonaceous and porous material with limited adsorption capacity, which increases by modifying its surface. Many of the biochars modified with magnetic nanoparticles reported previously were obtained in two steps: first, the biomass was pyrolyzed, and then the modification was performed. In this research, a biochar with Fe3O4 particles was obtained during the pyrolysis process. Corn cob residues were used to obtain the biochar (i.e., BCM) and the magnetic one (i.e., BCMFe). The BCMFe biochar was synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation technique prior to the pyrolysis process. The biochars obtained were characterized to determine their physicochemical, surface, and structural properties. The characterization revealed a porous surface with a 1013.52 m2/g area for BCM and 903.67 m2/g for BCMFe. The pores were uniformly distributed, as observed in SEM images. BCMFe showed Fe3O4 particles on the surface with a spherical shape and a uniform distribution. According to FTIR analysis, the functional groups formed on the surface were aliphatic and carbonyl functional groups. Ash content in the biochar was 4.0% in BCM and 8.0% in BCMFe; the difference corresponded to the presence of inorganic elements. The TGA showed that BCM lost 93.8 wt% while BCMFe was more thermally stable due to the inorganic species on the biochar surface, with a weight loss of 78.6%. Both biochars were tested as adsorbent materials for methylene blue. BCM and BCMFe obtained a maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 23.17 mg/g and 39.66 mg/g, respectively. The obtained biochars are promising materials for the efficient removal of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Araceli Guel-Nájar
- Facultad de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Carretera 57 Km 5, Monclova 25710, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Jorge Carlos Rios-Hurtado
- Facultad de Metalurgia, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Carretera 57 Km 5, Monclova 25710, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Elia Martha Muzquiz-Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Blvd. Venustiano Carranza S/N, República, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Gloria I Dávila-Pulido
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos S/N, Independencia, Nueva Rosita 26830, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Adrián A González-Ibarra
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos S/N, Independencia, Nueva Rosita 26830, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Aurora M Pat-Espadas
- CONACyT, Estación Regional del Noroeste del Instituto de Geología de la UNAM, Luis D Colosio S/N Esquina Madrid, Hermosillo 83200, Sonora, Mexico
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Zhong W, Bai W, Li G. Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium from Soil of the Relocated Factory Area with Rice Straw Hydrothermal Carbon Modified by Nano Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3089. [PMID: 36833784 PMCID: PMC9967011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce the content of Cr(VI) in the soil of the relocated chromium salt factory, the rice straw-derived hydrothermal carbon was prepared by hydrothermal method and loaded with nano zero-valent iron generated by liquid phase reduction, which effectively alleviated the self-aggregation problem of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) in the treatment of Cr(VI) and improved the Cr(VI) reduction rate without changing the soil structure. The reduction effect of Cr(VI) in soil by key influencing factors such as carbon-iron ratio, initial pH value, and initial temperature was investigated. The results showed that nZVI modified hydro-thermal carbon composite (named RC-nZVI) had a good reduction effect on Cr(VI). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis showed that nZVI was evenly distributed on the surface of hydrothermal carbon, which effectively reduced the agglomeration of iron. Under the conditions of C/Fe = 1:2, 60 °C, with pH of 2, the average Cr(VI) content in soil decreased from 182.9 mg kg-1 to 21.6 mg kg-1. Adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI) by RC-nZVI fit well with the pseudo-second-order model, and the kinetic velocity constant revealed that Cr(VI) reduction rate decreased with increasing initial Cr(VI) concentration. Cr(VI) reduction by RC-nZVI was mainly dominated by chemical adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weiyang Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
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Qian L, Yan S, Yong X, Selvaraj M, Ghramh HA, Assiri MA, Zhang X, Awasthi MK, Zhou J. Effective degradation of chloramphenicol in wastewater by activated peroxymonosulfate with Fe-rich porous biochar derived from petrochemical sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136839. [PMID: 36244417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Excess sludge produced from biological wastewater treatment plant in petroleum industry is a kind of hazardous solid waste. Converting the sludge into biochar catalysts may help to reduce its environmental risk, recover resources and increase economic efficiency. However, the role of the sludge biochar in persulfate activation remains unclear, limiting its application in removing organic pollutants from water body. In this study, metal-rich petrochemical sludge was used to produce activated sludge biochar (ASC) via a two-step method of pyrolytic carbonization (400 °C-800 °C) and subsequent KOH activation (abbreviated as ASC 400-800). The physio-chemical properties of ASC 400-800 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Raman. The chloramphenicol (CAP) removal performances of ASC 400-800/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) systems were evaluated. Results showed that porous sludge biochar was successfully prepared by the two-step method. At 800 °C, the specific surface area of ASC reached the highest value of 202.92 m2 g-1. At 600-800 °C, Fe3O4, Fe0, and graphitized carbon were formed in ASC. Among ASC 400-800, ASC 800 exhibited the best CAP removal performance in ASC 800/PMS system by adsorption combined with catalytic degradation. The optimal conditions identified for 0.31 mM CAP removal were ASC 800 2.0 g L-1, PMS 6.2 mM, and pH 2.0. SO4•-, •OH, and 1O2 may contribute to CAP degradation. The degradation pathways of CAP were proposed based on the identified degradation intermediates. Overall, this study confirmed that porous biochar derived from petrochemical sludge was an effective adsorbent or PMS catalyst to remove organic pollutants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Qian
- Bioenergy Research Institute, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Su Yan
- Bioenergy Research Institute, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yong
- Bioenergy Research Institute, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Bioenergy Research Institute, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
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