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Cohn MR, Austin LS, Williams GR, Abboud JA. Elliptical Humeral Head Implants in Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2023; 31:1112-1119. [PMID: 37585423 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-22-01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Humeral implants for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty have typically used spherical humeral heads that have a uniform diameter and radius of curvature. However, the native humeral head has a more elliptical morphology, which has spurred interest in nonspherical implant designs. Cadaveric studies indicate that the native humeral head diameter is 10% longer in the superior-inferior plane than the anterior-posterior plane and has a radius of curvature that is approximately 8% greater. An elliptical implant that more closely replicates native anatomy may allow for more accurate coverage of the humeral resection surface with less implant overhang and risk of overstuffing. Biomechanical evidence suggests that an elliptical implant yields glenohumeral kinematics that mimic the native joint, and early clinical results are promising. As clinical research continues to emerge, it will become clearer whether encouraging cadaveric, biomechanical, and early clinical data translates to meaningful sustained improvements in patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Cohn
- From the Rothman Orthopaedic Institute-Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals
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Chang NB, Bicknell R, Krupp R, Wiater JM, Levy J, Athwal GS. Sex-related differences in stemless total shoulder arthroplasty. JSES Int 2021; 6:26-31. [PMID: 35141672 PMCID: PMC8811396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jseint.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusion
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A gender-based comparison of coracoid and glenoid anatomy: CT analysis and discussion of potential impact on the Latarjet procedure. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2021; 30:1503-1510. [PMID: 33157238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2020.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The success of the modified Latarjet procedure depends on proper sizing of the coracoid graft. There is no information available regarding the morphometric relationship between the glenoid cavity and the coracoid process for the South African population. This study aims at measuring the relationship between the glenoid and coracoid morphometries and investigates their gender-related differences. METHODS Glenohumeral computerized tomography scans of 100 consecutive patients were considered for this study. Morphometric measurements were performed after aligning the coracoid and glenoid in their optimum orientation. These measurements were performed by 2 independent observers. The ratio between glenoid and coracoid measurements was calculated and statistically compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze interobserver reliability. All the statistical tests were performed in SPSS v.26, and power calculations in G∗Power v.3.1. RESULTS An average intraclass correlation coefficient value of 0.79 suggested that the interobserver reliability was good. Except for coracoid length, statistically significant (P < .05) gender differences were observed for all the other morphometries. The coracoid width (16.5 ± 1.4 mm vs. 14.7 ± 1.4 mm) and height (13.6 ± 1.6 mm vs. 10.5 ± 1.5 mm) differed between genders by 1.8 and 3.1 mm, respectively. The glenoid anteroposterior (AP) (25.3 ± 2.9 mm vs. 23.2 ± 2.4 mm) and superioinferior (36.9 ± 1.9 mm vs. 33.7 ± 2.6 mm) measurements differed by 2.1 and 3.3 mm, respectively, between the males and the females. The ratio between the AP width of the glenoid and the coracoid height was also found to be significantly different (P < .05) between the gender groups. These morphometric ratios for the coracoid width (0.66 ± 0.09 mm vs. 0.64 ± 0.08 mm) and the coracoid height (0.55 ± 0.09 mm vs. 0.46 ± 0.07 mm) differed between genders by 0.02 and 0.09, respectively. CONCLUSION Measurements taken from computerized tomography scans showed significant differences between genders in absolute measurements and in the ratio of the coracoid height to the glenoid AP distance. This could have implications on the ability of the Latarjet procedure to compensate for bone loss in female patients.
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Charilaou J, Dey R, Burger M, Sivarasu S, van Staden R, Roche S. Quantitative fit analysis of acromion fracture plating systems using three-dimensional reconstructed scapula fractures - A multi-observer study. SICOT J 2021; 7:36. [PMID: 34014164 PMCID: PMC8136237 DOI: 10.1051/sicotj/2021028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical treatment of displaced acromial and scapula spine fractures may be challenging due to the bony anatomy and variable fracture patterns. This difficulty is accentuated by the limitations of the available scapular plates for fracture fixation. This study compares the quantitative fitting of anatomic scapular plates and clavicle plates, using three-dimensional (3D) printed fractured scapulae. METHODS Fourteen scapulae with acromion and spine fractures were used for this study. Computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the fractured scapulae were obtained from the Philips picture archiving and communication system (PACS) database of patients admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital in Cape Town, South Africa between 2012 and 2016. The reconstructed scapulae were 3D printed and the anatomical acromion and clavicle plates were templated about the fracture regions. The fit assessment was performed by five observers who classified the plates as no-fit, intermediate fit, and anatomical fit according to the surgical guidelines. RESULTS The 6-hole anterior clavicle plate performed better than any of the scapular plates as they were able to fit 45.7% of the fractured acromion, including the spine. Among the pre-contoured anatomical scapula plates, both the short and the long acromion plates could fit only 27.3% of the fractured acromion. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.965 suggesting excellent consensus among the five observers. CONCLUSION Clavicle plates were found to be better suited to fit around a scapula fracture in its acromion and spine region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Charilaou
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roopam Dey
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa - Department of Human Biology, Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cape Town, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marilize Burger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stellenbosch University, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sudesh Sivarasu
- Department of Human Biology, Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cape Town, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ruan van Staden
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stephen Roche
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Groote Schuur Hospital, 7935 Cape Town, South Africa
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Abreu-Grobois FA, Morales-Mérida BA, Hart CE, Guillon JM, Godfrey MH, Navarro E, Girondot M. Recent advances on the estimation of the thermal reaction norm for sex ratios. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8451. [PMID: 32181050 PMCID: PMC7060753 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature-dependent sex determination, or TSD, is a widespread phenomenon in reptiles. The shape of the relationship between constant incubation temperature and sex ratio defines the TSD pattern. The TSD pattern is considered a life-history parameter important for conservation because the wider the range of temperatures producing both sexes, the more resilient the species is to climate change impacts. We review the different published equations and methodologies that have been used to model TSD patterns. We describe a new flexible model that allows for an asymmetrical pattern around the pivotal temperature, which is the constant temperature producing both sexes in equal proportions. We show that Metropolis-Hastings with Markov chain produced by a Monte Carlo process has many advantages compared to maximum likelihood and is preferred. Finally, we apply the models to results from incubation experiments using eggs from the marine turtle Lepidochelys olivacea originating in Northeast Indian, East Pacific, and West Atlantic Regional Management Units (RMUs) and find large differences in pivotal temperatures but not in transitional ranges of temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Alberto Abreu-Grobois
- Laboratorio de Genética y Banco de Información sobre Tortugas Marinas (BITMAR), Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - B Alejandra Morales-Mérida
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala.,Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo (DOCINADE), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (TEC), Universidad Nacional (UNA), Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), San Jose, Costa Rica.,Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AgroParisTech, Orsay, France
| | - Catherine E Hart
- Grupo Tortuguero de las Californias A.C., La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.,Investigación, Capacitación y Soluciones Ambientas y Sociales A.C., Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Jean-Michel Guillon
- Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AgroParisTech, Orsay, France
| | - Matthew H Godfrey
- North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Beaufort, NC, United States of America.,Duke Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, United States of America.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Erik Navarro
- Laboratorio de Genética y Banco de Información sobre Tortugas Marinas (BITMAR), Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Marc Girondot
- Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, Université Paris Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AgroParisTech, Orsay, France
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