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Cathcart-Rake EJ, Tevaarwerk AJ, Haddad TC, D'Andre SD, Ruddy KJ. Advances in the care of breast cancer survivors. BMJ 2023; 382:e071565. [PMID: 37722731 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-071565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer survivors may experience significant after effects from diagnoses of breast cancer and cancer directed therapies. This review synthesizes the evidence about optimal management of the sequelae of a diagnosis of breast cancer. It describes the side effects of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy and evidence based strategies for management of such effects, with particular attention to effects of therapies with curative intent. It includes strategies to promote health and wellness among breast cancer survivors, along with data to support the use of integrative oncology strategies. In addition, this review examines models of survivorship care and ways in which digital tools may facilitate communication between clinicians and patients. The strategies outlined in this review are paramount to supporting breast cancer survivors' quality of life.
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2
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Pang H, Chen S, Klyne DM, Harrich D, Ding W, Yang S, Han FY. Low back pain and osteoarthritis pain: a perspective of estrogen. Bone Res 2023; 11:42. [PMID: 37542028 PMCID: PMC10403578 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is the world's leading cause of disability and is increasing in prevalence more rapidly than any other pain condition. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA) are two common causes of LBP, and both occur more frequently in elderly women than in other populations. Moreover, osteoarthritis (OA) and OA pain, regardless of the joint, are experienced by up to twice as many women as men, and this difference is amplified during menopause. Changes in estrogen may be an important contributor to these pain states. Receptors for estrogen have been found within IVD tissue and nearby joints, highlighting the potential roles of estrogen within and surrounding the IVDs and joints. In addition, estrogen supplementation has been shown to be effective at ameliorating IVD degeneration and OA progression, indicating its potential use as a therapeutic agent for people with LBP and OA pain. This review comprehensively examines the relationship between estrogen and these pain conditions by summarizing recent preclinical and clinical findings. The potential molecular mechanisms by which estrogen may relieve LBP associated with IVD degeneration and FJOA and OA pain are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Pang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Shihui Chen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David M Klyne
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David Harrich
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Wenyuan Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
- Hebei Joint International Research Center for Spinal Diseases, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Sidong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
- Hebei Joint International Research Center for Spinal Diseases, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Felicity Y Han
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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3
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Patel J, Chen S, Katzmeyer T, Pei YA, Pei M. Sex-dependent variation in cartilage adaptation: from degeneration to regeneration. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 37024929 PMCID: PMC10077643 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite acknowledgement in the scientific community of sex-based differences in cartilage biology, the implications for study design remain unclear, with many studies continuing to arbitrarily assign demographics. Clinically, it has been well-established that males and females differ in cartilage degeneration, and accumulating evidence points to the importance of sex differences in the field of cartilage repair. However, a comprehensive review of the mechanisms behind this trend and the influence of sex on cartilage regeneration has not yet been presented. This paper aims to summarize current findings regarding sex-dependent variation in knee anatomy, sex hormones' effect on cartilage, and cartilaginous degeneration and regeneration, with a focus on stem cell therapies. Findings suggest that the stem cells themselves, as well as their surrounding microenvironment, contribute to sex-based differences. Accordingly, this paper underscores the contribution of both stem cell donor and recipient sex to sex-related differences in treatment efficacy. Cartilage regeneration is a field that needs more research to optimize strategies for better clinical results; taking sex into account could be a big factor in developing more effective and personalized treatments. The compilation of this information emphasizes the importance of investing further research in sex differences in cartilage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvee Patel
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Torey Katzmeyer
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
| | - Yixuan Amy Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA.
- WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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4
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Douglass A, Dattilo M, Feola AJ. Evidence for Menopause as a Sex-Specific Risk Factor for Glaucoma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:79-97. [PMID: 34981287 PMCID: PMC9250947 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is characterized by progressive loss of visual function and retinal ganglion cells (RGC). Current epidemiological, clinical, and basic science evidence suggest that estrogen plays a role in the aging of the optic nerve. Menopause, a major biological life event affecting all women, coincides with a decrease in circulating sex hormones, such as estrogen. While 59% of the glaucomatous population are females, sex is not considered a risk factor for developing glaucoma. In this review, we explore whether menopause is a sex-specific risk factor for glaucoma. First, we investigate how menopause is defined as a sex-specific risk factor for other pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and bone health. Next, we discuss clinical evidence that highlights the potential role of menopause in glaucoma. We also highlight preclinical studies that demonstrate larger vision and RGC loss following surgical menopause and how estrogen is protective in models of RGC injury. Lastly, we explore how surgical menopause and estrogen signaling are related to risk factors associated with developing glaucoma (e.g., intraocular pressure, aqueous outflow resistance, and ocular biomechanics). We hypothesize that menopause potentially sets the stage to develop glaucoma and therefore is a sex-specific risk factor for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Douglass
- grid.484294.7Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA USA
| | - Michael Dattilo
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Ophthalmology, Emory Eye Center, Emory University School of Medicine, B2503, Clinic B Building, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.414026.50000 0004 0419 4084Department of Ophthalmology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA USA ,grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Andrew J. Feola
- grid.484294.7Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Ophthalmology, Emory Eye Center, Emory University School of Medicine, B2503, Clinic B Building, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
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5
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Odai T, Terauchi M, Umeki H, Miyasaka N, Somekawa Y. Sleep apnea in postmenopausal women is associated with joint pain severity and fatigability: a cross-sectional study. Menopause 2022; 29:680-686. [PMID: 35231006 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationships between sleep apnea parameters and various symptoms in postmenopausal women who had treatment-resistant sleep disorders. METHODS The respiratory disturbance index (RDI), the number of times apnea-hypopnea occurred in an hour, and transcutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored during one night of sleep using a portable monitoring device in 51 postmenopausal women who did not have an improved subjective sleep quality with the use of hypnotics. Physical and psychological health statuses and subjective sleep disturbance were evaluated using validated questionnaires, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Cornell Medical Index, and the Questionnaire for Assessment of Climacteric Syndrome in Japanese Women. The associations between RDI, nadir SpO2 and various symptoms, as well as cardiovascular parameters, such as blood pressure, serum lipid profile, and glucose tolerance, were analyzed separately. RESULTS Among the 51 study participants, seven (13.7%) were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea. After adjustment for age, body mass index, and the background factors related to RDI and nadir SpO2, the association remained significant between a higher RDI and joint pain (Questionnaire for Assessment of Climacteric Syndrome in Japanese Women) (standardized partial regression coefficient [β] = 0.423, P = 0.016), and between lower nadir SpO2 and fatigability (Cornell Medical Index) (β = -0.472, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Detailed examination of sleep-disordered breathing is warranted in women with severe joint pain and fatigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Odai
- From the Department of Women's Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masakazu Terauchi
- From the Department of Women's Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hidenori Umeki
- Depart-Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JA Toride Medical Center, Hongo 2-1-1, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0022, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Somekawa
- Depart-Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JA Toride Medical Center, Hongo 2-1-1, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0022, Japan
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6
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Gender-Related Aspects in Osteoarthritis Development and Progression: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052767. [PMID: 35269906 PMCID: PMC8911252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease treated mostly symptomatically before approaching its definitive treatment, joint arthroplasty. The rapidly growing prevalence of OA highlights the urgent need for a more efficient treatment strategy and boosts research into the mechanisms of OA incidence and progression. As a multifactorial disease, many aspects have been investigated as contributors to OA onset and progression. Differences in gender appear to play a role in the natural history of the disease, since female sex is known to increase the susceptibility to its development. The aim of the present review is to investigate the cues associated with gender by analyzing various hormonal, anatomical, molecular, and biomechanical parameters, as well as their differences between sexes. Our findings reveal the possible implications of gender in OA onset and progression and provide evidence for gaps in the current state of art, thus suggesting future research directions.
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7
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Hughbanks ML, Rodriguez-Fontan F, Kleck CJ, Burger-Van der Walt E. Estrogen receptor Alpha in human knee articular cartilage of healthy and osteoarthritic females. J Orthop 2021; 27:1-8. [PMID: 34413582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Estrogen and osteoarthritis association has previously been proposed. This study evaluates the presence of estrogen receptors (ER)-α in articular cartilage, and its association. Methods A prospective cohort study of women undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (controls) or total knee arthroplasty (cases) was performed. Cartilage samples were processed and ER-α expression was quantified. Results Twenty patients were included: 12 cases and 8 controls. ER-α expression was higher in the case subjects. Conclusion Increased ER-α expression is associated with age, and degeneration. This suggests estrogen deficiency is a risk for osteoarthritis and is inversely related to proliferative looking chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L Hughbanks
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Christopher J Kleck
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,The Spine Center at University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Evalina Burger-Van der Walt
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,The Spine Center at University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
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8
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Doetzer AD, Almeida LE, de Alcântara Camejo F, de Noronha L, Olandoski M, Trevilatto PC. Association of estrogen receptor alpha 1 and TMJ dysfunction: A pilot study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 131:e89-e94. [PMID: 33610536 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a multifactorial condition and the most common cause of orofacial pain, affecting mostly women, which points to a female hormone predilection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the association between TMD and estrogen receptor alpha 1 expression in disks of patients with TMD and condyle fracture (CFx). STUDY DESIGN Forty specimens (from 27 patients) included n = 8 CFx, n = 21 anterior disk displacement with reduction (ADDwR), and n = 11 anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDwoR). Age, area, and intensity of immunostaining were statistically compared between CFx, ADDwR, and ADDwoR groups using analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis analysis (P < .05). RESULTS No significant difference between CFx, ADDwR, and ADDwoR groups with respect to age and expression of estrogen receptor alpha 1 was observed on immunohistochemical examination. CONCLUSION No association of estrogen receptor alpha 1 expression and age was found in the CFx, ADDwR, and ADDwoR groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Duarte Doetzer
- Full Professor, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Almeida
- Assistant Professor, School of Dentistry at Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Lúcia de Noronha
- Full Professor, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Marcia Olandoski
- Full Professor, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Trevilatto
- Full Professor, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
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9
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Roman-Blas JA, Mendoza-Torres LA, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G. Setting up distinctive outcome measures for each osteoarthritis phenotype. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2020; 12:1759720X20937966. [PMID: 32973934 PMCID: PMC7491224 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20937966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an evolving chronic joint disease with a huge global impact. Given the intricate nature of the etiopathogenesis and subsequent high heterogeneity in the clinical course of OA, it is crucial to discriminate between etiopathogenic endotypes and clinical phenotypes, especially in the early stages of the disease. In this sense, we propose that an OA phenotype should be properly assessed with a set of outcome measures including those specifically related to the main underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Thus, each OA phenotype can be related to different and clinically meaningful outcomes. OA phenotyping would lead to an adequate patient stratification in well-designed clinical trials and the discovery of precise therapeutic approaches. A significant effort will be required in this field in light of inconclusive results of clinical trials of tissue-targeting agents for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Roman-Blas
- Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, Av. Reyes Catolicos 2, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Largo
- Joint and Bone Research Unit, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Cathcart-Rake E, Novotny P, Leon-Ferre R, Le-Rademacher J, Storrick EM, Adjei AA, Terstriep S, Glaser R, Giuliano A, Mitchell WR, Page S, Austin C, Deming RL, Ferreira MA, Lafky JM, Birrell SN, Loprinzi CL. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of testosterone for treatment of postmenopausal women with aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgias: Alliance study A221102. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:387-396. [PMID: 32372176 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of testosterone supplementation for improving aromatase inhibitor musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS). METHODS Postmenopausal women experiencing moderate-to-severe arthralgias while taking adjuvant aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer were enrolled in this trial. Initially, patients were randomly allocated to receive either a subcutaneous testosterone pellet versus a placebo pellet. Due to slow accrual, the protocol was modified such that additional participants were randomized to receive either a topical testosterone gel or a placebo gel. Changes in patient-reported joint pain were compared between patients receiving testosterone and those receiving placebo using a two-sample t test. Changes in hot flashes and other vasomotor symptoms were also analyzed. Further analyses were conducted to evaluate whether 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 14 genes previously associated with AIMSS were associated with testosterone supplementation benefit. RESULTS While 64% of patients reported an improvement in joint pain at 3 months, there were no significant differences in average pain or joint stiffness at 3 or 6 months between testosterone and placebo arms. Patients receiving testosterone did report improvements in strength, lack of energy, urinary frequency, and stress incontinence (p < 0.05). The subset of patients receiving subcutaneous testosterone also experienced improvements in hot flashes and mood swings. An inherited variant (rs7984870 CC genotype) in TNFSF11 was more likely to be associated with improvements in hot flashes in patients receiving testosterone. CONCLUSION The doses of testosterone supplementation used in this study did not significantly improve AIMSS. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01573442.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Novotny
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rebecca Glaser
- Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | | | - William R Mitchell
- Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium NCORP, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Seth Page
- Wichita NCI Community Oncology Research Program, Wichita, KS, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Stephen N Birrell
- The Breast and Endocrine Centre, Toorak Gardens, South Australia, Australia
| | - Charles L Loprinzi
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
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11
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Toda T, Sugioka Y, Koike T. Soybean isoflavone can protect against osteoarthritis in ovariectomized rats. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:3409-3414. [PMID: 32728288 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and incurable disease and a leading cause of significant pain and disability that is closely associated with aging and obesity. An appropriate long-term therapy regimen is presently unknown. An estrogen deficiency after menopause increases the incidence and severity of OA in women. Soybean isoflavone have weak estrogenic effects in several organs and have been considered as a potentially safe natural selective estrogen receptor modulator. The present study aimed to determine the effects of isoflavone on cartilage degradation in ovariectomized rats. Six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to sham operation (n = 10), ovariectomy (OVX) (n = 15) or OVX + isoflavone (OVXI) (n = 15) groups. The OVXI group was fed with soybean isoflavone (51.0 mg/kg/day) for nine weeks, then knee joints were excised. Cartilage degradation was evaluated by toluidine blue staining joint specimens, and by comparing values for serum C-telopeptides of Type II collagen (CTX-II) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) between baseline and the end of the study. Cartilage damage scored by Toluidine blue staining was significantly lower in the OXVI, than the OVX group (P < 0.016). The CTX-II values before the surgical procedure and the end of experiment, did not significantly differ among the groups. Values for COMP in all samples were below detection limits in all samples. Soy bean isoflavone limited the degeneration of cartilage induced by OVX in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Toda
- Department of Research and Development, Fujicco Co., Ltd, 6-13-4 Minatojima-nakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8558 Japan.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Science, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, 663-8558 Japan
| | - Yuko Sugioka
- Center for Senile Degenerative Disorders (CSDD), Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Abenoku Asahimachi, Osaka, 545-8585 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Koike
- Center for Senile Degenerative Disorders (CSDD), Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Abenoku Asahimachi, Osaka, 545-8585 Japan.,Search Institute for Bone and Arthritis Disease (SINBAD), Shirahama Foundation for Health and Welfare, 1447 Nishimurogun Shirahamacho, Wakayama, 649-2211 Japan
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12
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Omori MA, Gerber JT, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Matsumoto MAN, Weiss SG, do Nascimento MA, Araújo MTDS, Stuani MBS, Nelson-Filho P, Scariot R, Küchler EC. Possible association between craniofacial dimensions and genetic markers in ESR1 and ESR2. J Orthod 2020; 47:65-71. [PMID: 32000574 DOI: 10.1177/1465312520901725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of genetic markers in ESR1 and ESR2 with craniofacial measurements. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. PARTICIPANTS A total of 146 biologically unrelated, self-reported Caucasian Brazilians with no syndromic conditions were included. METHODS Sagittal and vertical measurements (ANB, S-N, Ptm'-A', Co-Gn, Go-Pg, N-Me, ANS-Me, S-Go and Co-Go) from lateral cephalograms were examined for craniofacial evaluation. DNA was extracted from saliva and genetic markers in ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799) and in ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated using the Chi-square test within each marker. The associations between craniofacial dimensions and genotypes were analysed by linear regression and adjusted by sex and age. The established alpha was 5%. RESULTS Individuals carrying CC in ESR1 rs2234693 had a decrease of -3.146 mm in ANS-Me (P = 0.044). In addition, rs4986938 in ESR2 was associated with S-N measurement (P = 0.009/ ß = -3.465). This marker was also associated with Go-Pg measurement, in which the CC genotype had a decrease of -3.925 mm in the length of the mandibular body (P = 0.043). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that in ESR1 and ESR2 are markers for variations in the craniofacial dimensions. However, further research should confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Ayumi Omori
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mirian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mariele Andrade do Nascimento
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo
- School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- School of Health Sciences, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Erika Calvano Küchler
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,School of Health Sciences, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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13
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Rollick NC, Lemmex DB, Ono Y, Reno CR, Hart DA, Lo IK, Thornton GM. Gene-expression changes in knee-joint tissues with aging and menopause: implications for the joint as an organ. Clin Interv Aging 2018. [PMID: 29535510 PMCID: PMC5840269 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s151453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background When considering the “joint as an organ”, the tissues in a joint act as complementary components of an organ, and the “set point” is the cellular activity for homeostasis of the joint tissues. Even in the absence of injury, joint tissues have adaptive responses to processes, like aging and menopause, which result in changes to the set point. Purpose The purpose of this study in a preclinical model was to investigate age-related and menopause-related changes in knee-joint tissues with the hypothesis that tissues will change in unique ways that reflect their differing contributions to maintaining joint function (as measured by joint laxity) and the differing processes of aging and menopause. Methods Rabbit knee-joint tissues from three groups were evaluated: young adult (gene expression, n=8; joint laxity, n=7; water content, n=8), aging adult (gene expression, n=6; joint laxity, n=7; water content, n=5), and menopausal adult (gene expression, n=8; joint laxity, n=7; water content, n=8). Surgical menopause was induced with ovariohysterectomy surgery and gene expression was assessed using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Aging resulted in changes to 37 of the 150 gene–tissue combinations evaluated, and menopause resulted in changes to 39 of the 150. Despite the similar number of changes, only eleven changes were the same in both aging and menopause. No differences in joint laxity were detected comparing young adult rabbits with aging adult rabbits or with menopausal adult rabbits. Conclusion Aging and menopause affected the gene-expression patterns of the tissues of the knee joint differently, suggesting unique changes to the set point of the knee. Interestingly, aging and menopause did not affect knee-joint laxity, suggesting that joint function was maintained, despite changes in gene expression. Taken together, these findings support the theory of the joint as an organ where the tissues of the joint adapt to maintain joint function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Rollick
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Devin B Lemmex
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yohei Ono
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Carol R Reno
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - David A Hart
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian Ky Lo
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gail M Thornton
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Hussain SM, Cicuttini FM, Alyousef B, Wang Y. Female hormonal factors and osteoarthritis of the knee, hip and hand: a narrative review. Climacteric 2018; 21:132-139. [PMID: 29378442 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2017.1421926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability with no cure. The incidence of osteoarthritis is sexually dimorphic: women have a higher rate of osteoarthritis than men after the age of 50. Research has investigated the contribution of sex hormones, reproductive factors and hormone supplementation to osteoarthritis. It has been recognized that different joints are susceptible to different risk factors for osteoarthritis. We reviewed the evidence for the effect of endogenous sex hormones, reproductive factors and hormone supplementation on joint-specific osteoarthritis of the knee, hip and hand. Although the role of these hormonal factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is complex, data suggest that endogenous hormones and reproductive factors have a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, especially knee osteoarthritis, with uncertainty for the effect of exogenous hormones. From the available data, it is hard to conclude whether this is a direct effect of hormonal factors, or whether other factors related to these hormonal factors, i.e. obesity and inflammation, have a role in this association. Further studies should consider the mediation effect of body weight and inflammation, change in body weight throughout life, circulatory levels of all endogenous hormones and circulatory levels of hormones after hormone supplementation in this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hussain
- a School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - F M Cicuttini
- a School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - B Alyousef
- a School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - Y Wang
- a School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
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Quinelato V, Bonato LL, Vieira AR, Granjeiro JM, Tesch R, Casado PL. Association Between Polymorphisms in the Genes of Estrogen Receptors and the Presence of Temporomandibular Disorders and Chronic Arthralgia. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 76:314.e1-314.e9. [PMID: 29175417 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The high prevalence of painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in women suggests that estrogen and its receptors play a fundamental etiologic role in the development of this joint pathology through complex action mechanisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible association between polymorphisms in the ESR1 (estrogen receptor-1) and ESRRB (estrogen-related receptor-β) genes and the risk of simultaneous development of TMDs and pain in other joints in the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS All participants were clinically evaluated for the presence of TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD) and asked about the presence of chronic joint pain. The control group consisted of 72 patients without TMD and without pain. Participants with arthralgia were divided into 3 groups: with muscular TMD (n = 42), with articular TMD (n = 16), and without TMD and with systemic arthralgia (n = 82). Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the ESR1 (rs12154178, rs1884051, rs2273206, rs7774230) and ESRRB (rs1676303, rs4903399, rs10132091, rs7151924) genes were investigated. The χ2 test and Student t and Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the relevance of nominal and continuous variables, respectively. A P value less than .05 was considered significant. RESULTS The TT (timin/timin) genotype for the ESR1 (rs2273206) gene was strongly associated with the risk of developing muscle TMDs and temporomandibular joint pain (P = .04). For the ESRRB (rs1676303) gene, an association was observed between the CC (cytosine/cytosine) genotype and the presence of articular TMDs associated with other chronic arthralgia (P = .02). These results were confirmed by the increased risk of developing articular TMDs associated with the C allele (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the hypothesis that changes in the ESR1 and ESRRB genes influence the presence of TMDs associated with chronic joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valquiria Quinelato
- Doctoral Student of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Ladeira Bonato
- Doctor in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói; Specialist in Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, School of Medicine, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rezende Vieira
- Doctor in Oral Biology, Departments of Oral Biology and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Doctor in Chemistry and Cell Therapy Center, Clinical Research Unit and Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói; National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tesch
- Master of Health Sciences and Assistant Professor and Specialist in Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, School of Medicine, Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil; Professor of Specialization Courses in Orthodontics, Brazilian Dental Association, Petrópolis and Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil; Professor of Orthodontics of the Specialization Course, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Priscila Ladeira Casado
- Doctor in Morphology and Adjunct Professor of Periodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Park JH, Hong JY, Han K, Han SW, Chun EM. Relationship between hormone replacement therapy and spinal osteoarthritis: a nationwide health survey analysis of the elderly Korean population. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e018063. [PMID: 29127229 PMCID: PMC5695470 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on spinal osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional study of a nationwide survey was performed. SETTING This study collected data from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). PARTICIPANTS After excluding ineligible respondents, the total number of participants in this study was 4265 females. Participants were asked to report symptoms and disabilities related to spinal OA. In addition, plain radiographs of the spine were taken of all patients. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Demographic and lifestyle variables were compared between the HRT and non-HRT groups. In addition, radiographic examination and symptom assessment were performed to determine the existence of spinal OA. RESULTS Marital status, education, income and HRT were correlated with spinal OA. A risk analysis of related factors showed that HRT and age had effects on spinal OA (ORs 0.717 and 1.257). Nevertheless, in the HRT group, smokers had a increased risk of spinal OA. In addition, the HRT group demonstrated a lower prevalence of spinal OA. The calculated risk for compromised morbidity with HRT compared with the prevalence of spinal OA was 0.717 (OR). The duration of HRT was also related to the risk for spinal OA. The group that had been taking HRT for more than 1 year showed decreased risk (OR 0.686) compared with patients with <1 year of HRT (OR 0.744; P<0.05). CONCLUSION Women receiving HRT showed a lower prevalence of spinal OA. HRT also correlated with a decrease in spinal OA morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ho Park
- Department of Orthopedics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Chun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Woman’s University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shi J, Zhao W, Ying H, Zhang Y, Du J, Chen S, Li J, Shen B. Estradiol inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome in fibroblast-like synoviocytes activated by lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate. Int J Rheum Dis 2017; 21:2002-2010. [PMID: 29105345 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin 3 domain (NLRP3) inflammasome is known for activating pro-inflammatory cytokines in knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study was performed to identify whether NLRP3 inflammasome can be triggered by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and adenosine triphos adenine (ATP), which are positively related with knee OA severity in joint-spaces, in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and to identify whether estrogen would inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. METHODS In the present study, human FLS were isolated from the knee OA in patients during arthroplasty, and were treated with LPS and ATP in the presence or absence of estradiol (E2). The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of NLRP3 components were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 content in the supernatant. Estrogen receptor α inhibitor MPP and β inhibitor PHTPP were used to explore how E2 works. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that treatment with LPS and ATP increased significantly both in mRNA and protein levels of all the NLRP3 inflammasome components, and triggered the NLRP3 inflammasome, followed by upregulated IL-1β and IL-18 in the cell supernatant. E2 appeared to inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by diminishing mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 through estrogen receptor β, and decreased the expression of IL-1β and IL-18 as well. CONCLUSION These results suggested the increased LPS and ATP in joint-space may promote knee OA by NLRP3 inflammasome and E2 may exert a protective effect by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weibo Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haijian Ying
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juping Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuaishuai Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Park CY. Breastfeeding for One Month or Longer is Associated with Higher Risk of Osteoarthritis in Older Adults: NHANES 1999-2012. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:277-284. [PMID: 29124048 PMCID: PMC5665749 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.4.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breastfeeding is associated with many health benefits to the mother but the association between osteoarthritis (OA) is not known. Menopause, a state of rapid estrogen loss, is associated with OA. To test whether lactation, another physiological state of low estrogen status, is associated with OA, a nationally representative dataset National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2012 was analyzed. Information of OA diagnosis history and lactation for at least one month was self-reported by women 50 years and older that had given birth to at least one child. Women that breastfed for less than one month had a higher proportion of those that were 60 years and older, Hispanic (than non-Hispanic Black), and higher current/self-reported greatest body mass index. Women that breastfed for one month or longer had a higher proportion of those that had 3 or more children, higher poverty-income ratio, were post-menopausal and performed vigorous physical activity. Weighted percentage of OA patients was 22%, and did not differ between the two groups. However, when logistic regression was performed adjusting for multiple covariates, lactation for one month or longer was positively associated with OA. Women that breastfed for one month or longer had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.40) for OA compared to those that breastfed for less than one month. The results indicate that women that breastfed for at least one month have a higher risk of OA than women that delivered a child but breastfed for less than one month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Yongjoo Park
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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19
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Estrogen deficiency accelerates lumbar facet joints arthritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1379. [PMID: 28469263 PMCID: PMC5431109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dramatic increase in the prevalence of lumbar facet joint (LFJ) arthritis in women around the age of menopause indicates a protective role for estrogen in LFJ arthritis. To date, there is no evidence for this indication and the mechanism of such an effect remains poorly understood. In this study, ovariectomized (OVX) mice were used to mimic the estrogen-deficient status of post-menopausal women. Micro-CT and immunohistochemistry was employed to assess the morphological and molecular changes in ovariectomy-induced LFJ arthritis. The results show that the LFJ subchondral bone mass was significantly decreased in OVX mice, with increased cavities on the interface of the subchondral bone. Severe cartilage degradation was observed in ovariectomy-induced LFJ arthritis. Increased blood vessels and innervations were also found in degenerated LFJ, particularly in the subchondral bone area. 17β-Estradiol treatment efficiently suppressed LFJ subchondral bone turnover, markedly inhibited cartilage degradation, and increased blood vessel and nerve ending growth in degenerated LFJ in OVX mice. Our study reveals that estrogen is a key factor in regulating LFJ metabolism. Severe LFJ degeneration occurs when estrogen is absent in vivo. Collapsed subchondral bone may be the initiation of this process, and estrogen replacement therapy can effectively prevent degeneration of LFJ under estrogen-deficient conditions.
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20
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Menopause is associated with articular cartilage degeneration: a clinical study of knee joint in 860 women. Menopause 2016; 23:1239-1246. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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21
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Postmenopausal Chinese women show accelerated lumbar disc degeneration compared with Chinese men. J Orthop Translat 2015; 3:205-211. [PMID: 30035059 PMCID: PMC5986995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Postmenopausal women may have accelerated disc degeneration due to relative oestrogen deficiency. Two new studies supporting this concept were carried out. Methods Study I: The data were from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (Hong Kong) and Women (Hong Kong) studies. Both were population-based studies on bone health for elderly Chinese men and women (age ≥ 65 years, n = 2000 for men and n = 2000 for women). Based on lumbar spine radiographs, changes in L1/2-L4/5 disc space height were classified into four categories: 0 = normal; 1 = mild narrowing (< 30% reduction in disc height); 2 = moderate narrowing (30-60% reduction in disc height); and 3 = severe narrowing (> 60% reduction in disc height). Sums of the disc space narrowing scores of each participant were plotted against their age. Study II: 12 healthy individuals and 53 persons who had mild nonspecific low back pain (30 males and 35 females; mean age, 53.4 years; age range, 23-76 years) were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 3-T system. A multiecho turbo spin echo pulse sequence was used for lumbar disc T2 mapping. Regions of interest were manually drawn over nucleus pulposus on the T2 map of the discs. The means of T2 relaxation times of discs L1/2-L4/5 of the participants were plotted against their age. Results Study I: Elderly women had a higher disc space narrowing score than elderly men, and the slope of the plot was steeper for females than for males. When the plots were extrapolated to younger age, they intersected at 59.67 years. Study II: An age-related reduction of T2 value in the nucleus pulposus was demonstrated, which was faster in females than in males. Although females tended to have initial higher T2 value before 50 years, this trend was reversed in elderly persons, with an intersection at 52.4 years. Conclusion Postmenopausal Chinese women show accelerated lumbar disc degeneration compared with Chinese men.
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Suh KS, Rhee SY, Kim YS, Choi EM. Protective effect of liquiritigenin against methylglyoxal cytotoxicity in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Food Funct 2015; 5:1432-40. [PMID: 24789098 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), a reactive dicarbonyl compound, is a metabolic byproduct of glycolysis and elevated MG levels contribute to diabetic complications. Glycation reactions of MG with amino acids can induce oxidative stress, leading to subsequent cytotoxicity. In the present study, the effect of liquiritigenin on MG-induced cytotoxicity was investigated using osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Pretreatment of MC3T3-E1 cells with liquiritigenin prevented the MG-induced cell death and production of protein adduct, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial superoxide, cardiolipin peroxidation, and TNF-α in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, liquiritigenin increased the activity of glyoxalase I inhibited by MG. These findings suggest that liquiritigenin provides a protective action against MG-induced cell damage by reducing oxidative stress and by increasing MG detoxification. Pretreatment with liquiritigenin prior to MG exposure reduced MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by preventing mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation and adenosine triphosphate loss. Additionally, the nitric oxide and PGC-1α levels were significantly increased by liquiritigenin, suggesting that liquiritigenin may induce mitochondrial biogenesis. Our findings indicate that liquiritigenin might exert its therapeutic effects via enhancement of glyoxalase I activity and mitochondrial function, and anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Taken together, liquiritigenin has potential as a preventive agent against the development of diabetic osteopathy related to MG-induced oxidative stress in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Sik Suh
- Research Institute of Endocrinology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-702, Republic of Korea
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Alexander JL, Dennerstein L, Woods NF, Halbreich U, Kotz K, Richardson G, Graziottin A, Sherman JJ. Arthralgias, bodily aches and pains and somatic complaints in midlife women: etiology, pathophysiology and differential diagnosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 7:S15-26. [DOI: 10.1586/14737175.7.11s.s15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Choi EM, Suh KS, Lee YS. Liquiritigenin Restores Osteoblast Damage through Regulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Phytother Res 2013; 28:880-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Kyung Hee University; 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-701 Korea
| | - Kwang Sik Suh
- Research Institute of Endocrinology; Kyung Hee University Hospital; 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-702 Korea
| | - Young Soon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Kyung Hee University; 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-701 Korea
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Martín-Millán M, Castañeda S. Estrogens, osteoarthritis and inflammation. Joint Bone Spine 2013; 80:368-73. [PMID: 23352515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens participate in several biological processes through different molecular mechanisms. Their final actions consist of a combination of both direct and indirect effects on different organ and tissues. Estrogen may have pro- and anti-inflammatory properties depending on the situation and the involved tissue. In general, acute loss of estrogens increases the levels of reactive oxygen species and activates nuclear factor-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, indicating their predominant anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression has been shown to be attenuated by estrogen replacement. Osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease are two of the more prevalent diseases once menopause is established, which has suggested the link between estrogens and both processes. In addition, deletion of estrogen receptors in female mice results in cartilage damage, osteophytosis and changes in the subchondral bone of the joints suggesting that estrogens have a protective role on the maintenance of joint homeostasis. Furthermore, in spite of the negative effect of estrogen replacement reported in 2002 by the Women's Health Initiative study, several works published afterwards have explored the potential protective effect of estrogen supplementation in animal models and have postulated that these actions may justify a beneficial role of estrogens in different diseases where inflammation is the major feature. In this review, we will analyze the effects of estrogens on certain pathological situations such as osteoarthritis, some autoimmune diseases and coronary heart disease, especially in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martín-Millán
- Department of Internal Medicine, IFIMAV, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Avenida de Valdecilla s/n, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
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Park SH, Knobf MT, Sutton KM. Etiology, assessment, and management of aromatase inhibitor-related musculoskeletal symptoms. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2012; 16:260-6. [PMID: 22641317 DOI: 10.1188/12.cjon.260-266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are recommended as adjuvant endocrine therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone-responsive breast cancer. With the widespread use of AI adjuvant endocrine therapy, a significant profile of musculoskeletal symptoms has emerged. Moderate to severe musculoskeletal symptoms have led some women to discontinue therapy, compromising the survival benefit. The etiology of AI-related musculoskeletal symptoms is poorly understood, which challenges development of effective management strategies. The purpose of this article is to describe AI-related musculoskeletal symptoms, review possible causes, provide assessment guidelines, and recommend management strategies based on the best available evidence. Little evidence exists for effective management strategies of AI-related musculoskeletal symptoms, and randomized clinical trials are needed to establish effective interventions. A thorough musculoskeletal assessment can help guide clinical decision making for the best individual management approach. Providers need to manage symptoms with the best available evidence to minimize symptom distress and maximize adherence to AI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Park
- School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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27
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Yang JH, Kim JH, Lim DS, Oh KJ. Effect of combined sex hormone replacement on bone/cartilage turnover in a murine model of osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Surg 2012; 4:234-41. [PMID: 22949956 PMCID: PMC3425655 DOI: 10.4055/cios.2012.4.3.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogens act on estrogen receptors distributed in articular cartilages, synovial membrane, and ligaments, which are thought to be related with degenerative changes. Meanwhile, progesterone is known to have a weak anabolic action on bone formation This study evaluates the effects of estrogen and progesterone hormone on bone/cartilage turnover in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Methods Thirty-five 7-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and then ovariectomized bilaterally except the sham control group. The first and the second group acting as controls did not receive hormonal therapy, the third group received estrogen, the fourth group received progesterone, and the fifth group received combination of both hormones 10 weeks after surgery. Evaluations were done using the serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) for cartilage turnover, collagen type I C-telopeptide (CTX-1) and osteocalcin (OC) for bone turnover at 11, 15, 19 weeks after OVX and histology using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage histopathology assessment system. Results Significantly less cartilage degradation (decreased levels of COMP) was found in the combined hormone treated group in comparison with OVX group. Similarly, both hormonal treatment resulted in increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption i.e., a low overall bone turnover status (decrease in the serum OC and CTX-1 levels). Conclusions Combined estrogen and progesterone therapy was found to be convincing in terms of reducing the severity of OA in this experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Veterans Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Hattori Y, Kojima T, Kato D, Matsubara H, Takigawa M, Ishiguro N. A selective estrogen receptor modulator inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in human chondrocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:418-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Winters-Stone KM, Schwartz AL, Hayes SC, Fabian CJ, Campbell KL. A prospective model of care for breast cancer rehabilitation: Bone health and arthralgias. Cancer 2012; 118:2288-99. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Choi EM. Liquiritigenin isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis stimulates osteoblast function in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 12:139-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sniekers YH, Weinans H, van Osch GJVM, van Leeuwen JPTM. Oestrogen is important for maintenance of cartilage and subchondral bone in a murine model of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R182. [PMID: 20923566 PMCID: PMC2991014 DOI: 10.1186/ar3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oestrogen depletion may influence onset and/or progression of osteoarthritis. We investigated in an ovariectomized mouse model the impact of oestrogen loss and oestrogen supplementation on articular cartilage and subchondral bone in tibia and patella, and assessed bone changes in osteoarthritis development. METHODS C3H/HeJ mice were divided into four groups: sham-operated, oestrogen depletion by ovariectomy (OVX), OVX with estradiol supplementation (OVX+E) and OVX with bisphosphonate (OVX+BP). Each mouse had one knee injected with low-dose iodoacetate (IA), and the contralateral knee was injected with saline. Cartilage was analysed histologically 12 weeks postsurgery; bone changes were monitored over time using in vivo micro-computed tomography. RESULTS In tibiae, OVX alone failed to induce cartilage damage, but OVX and IA combination significantly induced cartilage damage. In patellae, OVX alone induced significant cartilage damage, which was enhanced by IA. In both tibiae and patellae, OVX in combination with IA significantly decreased subchondral cortical thickness in an additive manner. OVX+E and OVX+BP inhibited tibial and patellar subchondral cortical thinning, inhibited patellar and tended to diminish tibial cartilage damage. In patellae, IA interacted with BP, leading to increased subchondral cortical and trabecular bone. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the significance of oestrogen for articular cartilage and subchondral bone and maintenance of healthy joints, supporting an etiological role for altered oestrogen signaling in osteoarthritis either by directly affecting cartilage or increasing susceptibility for an osteoarthritis trigger. The data strongly support the concept of involvement of subchondral bone plate in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne H Sniekers
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Sniekers YH, van Osch GJVM, Jahr H, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JPTM. Estrogen modulates iodoacetate-induced gene expression in bovine cartilage explants. J Orthop Res 2010; 28:607-15. [PMID: 19953602 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen loss may be involved in onset or progression of osteoarthritis. Estrogen receptors are present in chondrocytes, thus estrogen may exert effects directly on cartilage. However, studies on direct estrogen effects on cartilage are limited. We investigated, in an in vitro cartilage explant model, whether estrogen prevents damage or stimulates repair after damage induced by addition of iodoacetate (IA), as an experimental model for osteoarthritis. We used healthy bovine cartilage explants. Prevention experiment: Explants precultured with/without estradiol (E) for 3 days were cultured with IA for 4 h on day 0, and subsequently cultured as in preculture: with/without E. Explants were harvested at day 2 for gene expression analysis. Repair experiment: At day 0, explants were cultured with IA for 4 h on day 0, and subsequently cultured without E or with E. Explants were harvested at days 2, 10, and 14 for gene expression analysis. IA transiently downregulated most genes tested, whereas vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was upregulated on day 2. On day 14, transforming growth factor beta (TGFB)1 and TGFB3 were upregulated, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)13 and VEGF downregulated. Estradiol affected gene expression of aggrecan (AGC)1, MMP2, MMP14, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)2, TGFB2, and TGFB3. Prevention experiment: Estradiol did not significantly affect IA-induced changes in gene expression (no significant interaction). Repair experiment: Estradiol affected IA-induced changes in expression of collagen (COL)2, MMP2, MMP3, MMP13, MMP14, TIMP2, TGFB2, TGFB3, and VEGF. Estradiol affects expression of anabolic and catabolic genes in bovine cartilage explants and modulates the effects of IA. These effects of estradiol may be beneficial for cartilage maintenance and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne H Sniekers
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Din OS, Dodwell D, Wakefield RJ, Coleman RE. Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia in early breast cancer: what do we know and how can we find out more? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 120:525-38. [PMID: 20157776 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-0757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a standard of care for the adjuvant treatment of hormone responsive early carcinoma of the breast as demonstrated in a number of large international phase III randomised trials. Arthralgia was a somewhat unexpected side effect of this class of agents and has proven to be potentially problematic in clinical practice. Although rates of up 35% have been reported in the randomised trials, the figure has been much higher in subsequent case series. There is concern that these symptoms are significant and may affect compliance and thus the overall efficacy of treatment. It is therefore extremely important that we evaluate this syndrome with a view to gaining more information regarding its clinical features and possible aetiological mechanism. The potential aetiological mechanisms and evidence for aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia (AIA) are reviewed in this article. Looking forward, it is now important that prospective clinical trials are well designed to evaluate this syndrome and potential therapeutic strategies to circumvent it. Radiological imaging and biochemical analyses may help our understanding of AIA and these are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar S Din
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Centre, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK.
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Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G. Osteoarthritis associated with estrogen deficiency. Arthritis Res Ther 2009; 11:241. [PMID: 19804619 PMCID: PMC2787275 DOI: 10.1186/ar2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects all articular tissues and finally leads to joint failure. Although articular tissues have long been considered unresponsive to estrogens or their deficiency, there is now increasing evidence that estrogens influence the activity of joint tissues through complex molecular pathways that act at multiple levels. Indeed, we are only just beginning to understand the effects of estrogen deficiency on articular tissues during OA development and progression, as well as on the association between OA and osteoporosis. Estrogen replacement therapy and current selective estrogen receptor modulators have mixed effectiveness in preserving and/or restoring joint tissue in OA. Thus, a better understanding of how estrogen acts on joints and other tissues in OA will aid the development of specific and safe estrogen ligands as novel therapeutic agents targeting the OA joint as a whole organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Roman-Blas
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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Herrero-Beaumont G, Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Jimenez SA. Primary osteoarthritis no longer primary: three subsets with distinct etiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2009; 39:71-80. [PMID: 19589561 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) has been historically divided into primary and secondary. Primary OA has been defined as an idiopathic condition developing in previously undamaged joints in the absence of an obvious causative mechanism. During the last few years a large amount of evidence has provided new insights into the biochemistry and molecular biology of cartilage, subchondral bone, and other articular tissues, which suggest distinct etiopathogenetic mechanisms in some forms of primary OA. OBJECTIVE To propose an etiopathogenic classification of primary OA in the light of the significant progress in the understanding of the disease. METHODS A review of the literature was performed by searching the Medline and PubMed databases from 1952 to November 2008 using the following keywords: genetic alteration, heritability, estrogen, menopause, and aging either alone or in various combinations with joint, cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, ligaments, muscle, tendons, OA, and osteoporosis. RESULTS Numerous studies have shown that genetic alterations, menopause-related estrogen deficiency, and aging play crucial roles in the molecular pathophysiological events involved in the process of cartilage and joint damage and thus in development of OA. We propose classifying primary OA into 3 distinct although interrelated subsets: type I OA, genetically determined; type II OA, estrogen hormone dependent; and type III OA, aging related. CONCLUSIONS The 3 proposed subsets of OA display distinct etiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics and should therefore no longer be considered to be "Primary OA."
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Herrero-Beaumont
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
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Safety profiles of aromatase inhibitors and selective estrogen-receptor modulators in the treatment of early breast cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2008; 13:384-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-008-0828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sniekers YH, Weinans H, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, van Leeuwen JPTM, van Osch GJVM. Animal models for osteoarthritis: the effect of ovariectomy and estrogen treatment - a systematic approach. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16:533-41. [PMID: 18280756 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2007] [Accepted: 01/06/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) increases dramatically in women after the age of 50. Animal models are used to study the effects of hormone depletion [by ovariectomy (OVX)] and estrogen treatment on OA. This review summarizes these animal studies, in order to get a better insight in the role of hormones on OA. METHOD The literature was systematically reviewed until May 2007. The results were divided into two parts: the effect of OVX on cartilage, and the effect of estrogen treatment on cartilage. Only studies with an appropriate control group (e.g., sham-operated) were included. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Eleven out of 16 animal studies showed that OVX resulted in cartilage damage. When only studies using sexually mature animals were included, we saw that 11 out of 14 studies showed a detrimental effect, indicating considerable evidence for a relation between cartilage degeneration and OVX in mature animals. The effect of estrogen treatment was inconclusive with only 11 out of 22 animal studies reporting a beneficial effect on cartilage, whereas all six studies administering selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) after OVX described protective effects. The discrepancy between the studies may be caused by the large variation in experimental set-up. We suggested a list of quality criteria for animal models since standardisation of design and outcome parameters of animal experiments may help to compare different studies and to gain better insight in the role of hormones in the osteoarthritic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Sniekers
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Anti-inflammatory effects of liquiritigenin as a consequence of the inhibition of NF-kappaB-dependent iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines production. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:165-73. [PMID: 18332856 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glycyrrhizae radix has been widely used as a cytoprotective, plant-derived medicine. We have identified a flavanoid, liquiritigenin, as an active component in extracts of Glycyrrhizae radix. This research investigated the effects of liquiritigenin on the induction of inducible NOS (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Raw264.7 cells, and on paw oedema in rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH iNOS expression was determined by western blotting, real-time reverse transcription-PCR and reporter gene analyses. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 were assayed by ELISA. Gel shift assay and immunoblotting were used to assess NF-kappaB activation. The effect of liquiritigenin on acute inflammation in vivo was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema. KEY RESULTS Treatment of Raw264.7 cells with liquiritigenin caused inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding activity, due to repression of I-kappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation. Liquiritigenin treatment prevented LPS from increasing the levels of iNOS protein and mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner. Liquiritigenin also suppressed the production of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 from Raw264.7 cells after LPS. In rats, liquiritigenin treatment inhibited formation of paw oedema induced by carrageenan. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results demonstrate that liquiritigenin exerts anti-inflammatory effects, which results from the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation in macrophages, thereby decreasing production of iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines. Our findings showing inhibition by liquiritigenin of paw oedema as well as inflammatory gene induction will help to understand the pharmacology and mode of action of liquiritigenin, and of the anti-inflammatory use of Glycyrrhizae radix.
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