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Trapani D, Scalia R, Giordano E, Castellano G, Doi G, Gaeta A, Pellizzari G, Carnevale Schianca A, Katrini J, D'Ambrosio S, Santoro C, Guidi L, Valenza C, Belli C, Gandini S, Russo A, Curigliano G. Interstitial lung disease in patients enrolled in early-phase clinical trials: the ILDE study. ESMO Open 2024; 9:103658. [PMID: 39096894 PMCID: PMC11345526 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of disorders sharing pathophysiological inflammatory mechanisms, leading to parenchymal distortions. The prevalence of ILD with new cancer drugs is underreported: the identification of potential determinants is priority. MATERIALS AND METHODS ILDE is a retrospective study aimed at describing the clinical course and potential determinants of ILD in patients receiving experimental treatments. RESULTS We identified 226 eligible patients, of whom 5.3% (n = 12) had ILD. In five patients, the diagnosis was radiological, while seven patients had initial cough, dyspnea, fatigue or fever. ILD was graded as grade 1 (G1) in four, G2 in five and G3 in three patients. The first occurrence of ILD resolved completely in 50% of patients (n = 6/12). No patient had fatal ILD. Eight patients (66.7%) resumed the treatment after the first episode of ILD, while four patients (33.3%) had to discontinue the therapy. Five out of six patients had resolved the first ILD episode and then resumed treatment, experiencing a second ILD episode (n = 5/6; 83.3%). The second ILD event was G1 in three patients and G2 in two patients, resulting in three patients who eventually discontinued the treatment (n = 3/5; 60%). Correlation analysis showed a higher risk of ILD in older patients (P = 0.051), those who had received previous chest radiation therapy (P = 0.047) or those receiving antibody-drug conjugates (P = 0.006). In a survival analysis adjusted for immortal time bias, ILD was not independently prognostic (hazard ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.23-1.09, P = 0.082). CONCLUSIONS In ILDE, patients experiencing ILD had generally good outcomes, and many could resume the cancer treatments. Implementing best practices to prompt diagnosis and management of ILD is critical to treat a potentially severe adverse effect of new drugs, while not affecting patients' outcomes. Research efforts to identify risk factors is warranted, to implement risk-based monitoring schedules and develop ad hoc strategies to improve the cure rates of ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Trapani
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - R Scalia
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan; Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo
| | - E Giordano
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - G Castellano
- Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - G Doi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Gaeta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pellizzari
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - A Carnevale Schianca
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - J Katrini
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - S D'Ambrosio
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - C Santoro
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - L Guidi
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - C Valenza
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - C Belli
- Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan
| | - S Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Russo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Curigliano
- Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Division of New Drugs & Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan.
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Patel SG, Sharma I, Parmar MP, Nogales J, Patel CD, Bhalodiya SS, Vala DP, Shah NV, Banerjee S, Patel HM. Alkoxy-functionalised dihydropyrimido[4,5- b]quinolinones enabling anti-proliferative and anti-invasive agents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7093-7096. [PMID: 38899811 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01219d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In this communication, we explored the synthesis of novel alkoxy-functionalised dihydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinolinones using a microwave-assisted multicomponent reaction. All the synthesized molecules were screened for anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activity against glioblastoma cells. 5c shows the most potent anti-proliferative activity with a half maximal effective concentration of less than 3 μM against primary patient-derived glioblastoma cells. 5c effectively inhibited invasion and tumor growth of 3D primary glioma cultures in a basement membrane matrix. This suggests that the novel compounds could inhibit both the proliferation and invasive spread of glioma and they were selected for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham G Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
- J & J College of Science, Nadiad-387001, Kheda, Gujarat, India
| | - Ira Sharma
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Mehul P Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Joaquina Nogales
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Chirag D Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Savan S Bhalodiya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Disha P Vala
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
| | - Niraj V Shah
- J & J College of Science, Nadiad-387001, Kheda, Gujarat, India
| | - Sourav Banerjee
- Department of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Hitendra M Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
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Han R, Lu CH, Hu C, Dou YY, Kang J, Lin CY, Wu D, Jiang WL, Yin GQ, He Y. Brigatinib, a newly discovered AXL inhibitor, suppresses AXL-mediated acquired resistance to osimertinib in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1264-1275. [PMID: 38438582 PMCID: PMC11130302 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to the classical resistance mechanisms, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase AXL is a main mechanism of resistance to third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) osimertinib in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Developing an effective AXL inhibitor is important to sensitize osimertinib in clinical application. In this study we assessed the efficacy of brigatinib, a second-generation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-TKI, as a novel AXL inhibitor, in overcoming acquired resistance to osimertinib induced by AXL activation. We established an AXL-overexpression NSCLC cell line and conducted high-throughput screening of a small molecule chemical library containing 510 anti-tumor drugs. We found that brigatinib potently inhibited AXL expression, and that brigatinib (0.5 μM) significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of osimertinib (1 μM) in AXL-mediated osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines in vitro. We demonstrated that brigatinib had a potential ability to bind AXL kinase protein and further inhibit its downstream pathways in NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, we revealed that brigatinib might decrease AXL expression through increasing K48-linked ubiquitination of AXL and promoting AXL degradation in HCC827OR cells and PC-9OR cells. In AXL-high expression osimertinib-resistant PC-9OR and HCC827OR cells derived xenograft mouse models, administration of osimertinib (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) alone for 3 weeks had no effect, and administration of brigatinib (25 mg·kg-1·d-1) alone caused a minor inhibition on the tumor growth; whereas combination of osimertinib and brigatinib caused marked tumor shrinkages. We concluded that brigatinib may be a promising clinical strategy for enhancing osimertinib efficacy in AXL-mediated osimertinib-resistant NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Cong-Hua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuan-Yao Dou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Cai-Yu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wei-Ling Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Guo-Qing Yin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Olgen S, Kaleli SNB, Karaca BT, Demirel UU, Bristow HK. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Indole Derivatives as Dual EGFR/SRC Kinase Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3798-3817. [PMID: 37365789 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230626143911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that the cooperation between c-SRC and EGFR is responsible for more aggressive phenotype in diverse tumors, including glioblastomas and carcinomas of the colon, breast, and lung. Studies show that combination of SRC and EGFR inhibitors can induce apoptosis and delay the acquired resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, such combination may lead to a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Osimertinib was developed as a third-generation EGFR-TKI to combat the toxicity of EGFR mutant inhibitors. Due to the resistance and adverse reaction of osimertinib and other kinase inhibitors, 12 novel compounds structurally similar to osimertinib were designed and synthesized. METHODS Compounds were synthesized by developing novel original synthesis methods and receptor interactions were evaluated through a molecular docking study. To evaluate their inhibitory activities against EGFR and SRC kinase, in vitro enzyme assays were used. Anticancer potencies were determined using lung, breast, prostate (A549, MCF6, PC3) cancer cell lines. Compounds were also tested against normal (HEK293) cell line to evaluate their cyctotoxic effects. RESULTS Although, none of compounds showed stronger inhibition compared to osimertinib in the EGFR enzyme inhibition studies, compound 16 showed the highest efficacy with an IC50 of 1.026 μM. It also presented potent activity against SRC kinase with an IC50 of 0.002 μM. Among the tested compounds, the urea containing derivatives 6-11 exhibited a strong inhibition profile (80.12-89.68%) against SRC kinase in comparison to the reference compound dasatinib (93.26%). Most of the compounds caused more than 50% of cell death in breast, lung and prostate cancer cell lines and weak toxicity for normal cells in comparison to reference compounds osimertinib, dasatinib and cisplatin. Compound 16 showed strong cytotoxicity on lung and prostate cancer cells. Treatment of prostate cancer cell lines with the most active compound, 16, significantly increased the caspase-3 (8-fold), caspase-8 (6-fold) and Bax (5.7-fold) levels and decreased the Bcl-2 level (2.3-fold) compared to the control group. These findings revealed that the compound 16 strongly induces apoptosis in the prostate cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION Overall kinase inhibition, cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays presented that compound 16 has dual inhibitory activity against SRC and EGFR kinases while maintaining low toxicity against normal cells. Other compounds also showed considerable activity profiles in kinase and cell culture assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureyya Olgen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, 34010, Zeytinburnu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevde Nur Biltekin Kaleli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815 Beykoz-Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Taktak Karaca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Beykoz-Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ural U Demirel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hacer Karatas Bristow
- Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Beykoz-Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Medipol University, 34815 Beykoz-Istanbul, Turkey
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virgina University, 26506 Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Liu Z, Bao Y, Wang W, Pan L, Wang H, Lin GN. Emden: A novel method integrating graph and transformer representations for predicting the effect of mutations on clinical drug response. Comput Biol Med 2023; 167:107678. [PMID: 37976823 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine based on personalized genomics provides promising strategies to enhance the efficacy of molecular-targeted therapies. However, the clinical effectiveness of drugs has been severely limited due to genetic variations that lead to drug resistance. Predicting the impact of missense mutations on clinical drug response is an essential way to reduce the cost of clinical trials and understand genetic diseases. Here, we present Emden, a novel method integrating graph and transformer representations that predicts the effect of missense mutations on drug response through binary classification with interpretability. Emden utilized protein sequences-based features and drug structures as inputs for rapid prediction, employing competitive representation learning and demonstrating strong generalization capabilities and robustness. Our study showed promising potential for clinical drug guidance and deep insight into computer-assisted precision medicine. Emden is freely available as a web server at https://www.psymukb.net/Emden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihang Bao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidi Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangwei Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Institute of Computational Biology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Guan Ning Lin
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Caddeo G, Tecchio C, Chinello M, Balter R, Zaccaron A, Vitale V, Pezzella V, Bonetti E, Pillon M, Carraro E, Mussolin L, Cesaro S. Refractory Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Rescued by the Combination of the Second-Generation ALK Inhibitor Brigatinib, High-dose Chemotherapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clin Hematol Int 2023:10.1007/s44228-023-00038-6. [PMID: 37072555 DOI: 10.1007/s44228-023-00038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of pediatric patients with refractory or relapsed anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is still a major challenge. In addition to conventional chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, new therapeutic options such as anti-CD30 drugs and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have been recently introduced in this setting. Among ALK inhibitors, only the first-generation molecule crizotinib is approved for pediatric use, while second-generation molecules, such as brigatinib, are still under investigation. Here we report the case of a 13-year-old boy diagnosed with stage IV ALCL, refractory to first-line conventional chemotherapy and second-line therapy with the anti CD30 antibody-drug conjugate brentuximab-vedotin, who finally achieved remission after a combination of conventional high-dose chemotherapy and the second-generation ALK inhibitor brigatinib. The latter was chosen for its ability to penetrate through the blood-brain barrier, due to the persistent involvement of the patient's cerebral nervous system. The remission was then consolidated with an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from an unrelated donor using myeloablative conditioning with total body irradiation. At 24 months after HSCT, the patient is in complete remission, alive and well. An updated review regarding the use of ALK inhibitors in ALCL patients is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Caddeo
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Cristina Tecchio
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, Verona University Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Chinello
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita Balter
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ada Zaccaron
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Virginia Vitale
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenza Pezzella
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Bonetti
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Pillon
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Carraro
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Research Institute, Fondazione Città Della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
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Amino acid-capped transition metal ion-doped iron oxide nanoparticles: evaluating drug delivery carrier efficiency and in vitro magnetic resonance image contrasting ability. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
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8
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Zubair T, Bandyopadhyay D. Small Molecule EGFR Inhibitors as Anti-Cancer Agents: Discovery, Mechanisms of Action, and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032651. [PMID: 36768973 PMCID: PMC9916655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) are a class of receptor tyrosine kinase that are also called ErbB1 and HER1. EGFR tyrosine kinase activity inhibition is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. Many small-molecule inhibitors of EGFR tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK), from medicinally privileged molecules to commercial drugs, have been overviewed. Particular attention has been paid to the structure of the molecule and its mechanism of action if reported. Subsequent classification of the molecules under discussion has been carried out. Both natural and synthetic and reversible and irreversible EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been discussed. Various types of cancers that are caused by overexpression of the EGFR gene, their possible molecular origins, and their natures have also been counted in this article. Because the EGFR signaling pathway controls the proliferation, growth, survival, and differentiation of cells, and the mutated EGFR gene overproduces EGFR protein, which ultimately causes several types of cancer, proper understanding of the molecular dynamics between the protein structure and its inhibitors will lead to more effective and selective EGFR-TKIs, which in turn will be able to save more lives in the battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzida Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- School of Earth Environment & Marine Sciences (SEEMS), The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- Correspondence:
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Skribek M, Rounis K, Tsakonas G, Ekman S. Complications following novel therapies for non-small cell lung cancer. J Intern Med 2022; 291:732-754. [PMID: 35032058 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors has paved a new era for the management of non-small cell lung cancer, which has for many years lacked major clinical breakthroughs. Historically, 5-year overall survival remained below 5% in individuals with metastatic disease. These novel treatments have led to significant prolongation of survival in the locally advanced and metastatic setting, exceeding 25% in selected populations. However, they present new challenges to clinicians due to their inherently different spectrum of toxicity unique to each specific drug's pharmacodynamic profile. Internists commonly come across these side effects in their daily clinical practice. Their optimal recognition and management are of utmost importance, because it is associated with significant improvements in patient survival outcomes and their quality of life. The aim of this review is to summarize the complications following these novel treatments for non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Skribek
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Thoracic Oncology Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Rounis
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios Tsakonas
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Thoracic Oncology Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Ekman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Thoracic Oncology Center, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chao Gao, Dai H, Si X, Zhang Y, Liu L, Wang Z, Meng Y, Zhang Y, Wang T, Zheng J, Shan L, Liu H, Zhang Q. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Evaluation of Novel 2-Amino-5-Ethylpyrimidine Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Formulation of Chitosan-Coated Brigatinib Nanospanlastics: Optimization, Characterization, Stability Assessment and In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Activity against H-1975 Cell Lines. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030348. [PMID: 35337145 PMCID: PMC8948618 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to develop Brigatinib (BGT)-loaded nanospanlastics (BGT-loaded NSPs) (S1-S13) containing Span 60 with different edge activators (Tween 80 and Pluronic F127) and optimized based on the vesicle size, zeta potential (ZP), and percent entrapment efficiency (%EE) using Design-Expert® software. The optimum formula was recommended with desirability of 0.819 and composed of Span-60:Tween 80 at a ratio of 4:1 and 10 min as a sonication time (S13). It showed predicted EE% (81.58%), vesicle size (386.55 nm), and ZP (−29.51 mv). The optimized nanospanlastics (S13) was further coated with chitosan and further evaluated for Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro release, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), stability and in-vitro cytotoxicity studies against H-1975 lung cancer cell lines. The DSC and XRD revealed complete encapsulation of the drug. TEM imagery revealed spherical nanovesicles with a smooth surface. Also, the coated formula showed high stability for three months in two different conditions. Moreover, it resulted in improved and sustained drug release than free BGT suspension and exhibited Higuchi kinetic release mechanism. The cytotoxic activity of BGT-loaded SPs (S13) was enhanced three times in comparison to free the BGT drug against the H-1975 cell lines. Overall, these results confirmed that BGT-loaded SPs could be a promising nanocarrier to improve the anticancer efficacy of BGT.
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12
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Salas C, Martín-López J, Martínez-Pozo A, Hernández-Iglesias T, Carcedo D, Ruiz de Alda L, García JF, Rojo F. Real-world biomarker testing rate and positivity rate in NSCLC in Spain: Prospective Central Lung Cancer Biomarker Testing Registry (LungPath) from the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP). J Clin Pathol 2022; 75:193-200. [PMID: 33722840 PMCID: PMC8862081 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to describe the testing rate and frequency of molecular alterations observed in the Lung Cancer Biomarker Testing Registry (LungPath). METHODS A descriptive study of NSCLC biomarker determinations collected from March 2018 to January 2019, from 38 Spanish hospitals, was carried out. Only adenocarcinoma and not otherwise specified histologies were included for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. The testing rate and the positivity rate were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the joint relationship between independent explanatory factors and both testing and positivity rates. Two models were adjusted: one with sample type and histology as independent factors, and the other adding the testing rate or the positivity rate of the other biomarkers. RESULTS 3226 patient samples were analysed, where EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and PD-L1 information was collected (a total of 12 904 determinations). Overall, 9118 (71.4%) determinations were finally assessed. EGFR (91.4%) and ALK (80.1%) were the mainly tested biomarkers. Positivity rates for EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and PD-L1 were 13.6%, 3.4%, 2.0% and 49.2%, respectively. Multivariate models showed a lower testing rate for ALK in surgical pieces, fine-needle aspiration or other types of samples versus biopsies. CONCLUSIONS Despite the high testing rate in EGFR and ALK in NSCLC, the real-world evidence obtained from the LungPath demonstrates that ROS1 and PD-L1 were not determined in a significant portion of patients. LungPath provides crucial information to improve the coverage in molecular testing in lung cancer, to monitor the positivity rate and the introduction of new biomarker testing in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Salas
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain,External Quality Asessment (GCP) of the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Martínez-Pozo
- External Quality Asessment (GCP) of the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP), Madrid, Spain,Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Federico Rojo
- External Quality Asessment (GCP) of the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP), Madrid, Spain,IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Patel SG, González-Bakker A, Vala RM, Patel PJ, Puerta A, Malik A, Sharma RK, Padrón JM, Patel HM. Microwave-assisted multicomponent synthesis of antiproliferative 2,4-dimethoxy-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5- b]quinolin-6(7 H)-ones †. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30404-30415. [PMID: 36337956 PMCID: PMC9593171 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04669e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate a simple, highly efficient, rapid and convenient series of 2,4-dimethoxy-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinolin-6(7H)-ones 4a–v. Microwave irradiation facilitates the one-pot multicomponent reaction of different aromatic aldehydes, 6-amino-2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine and dimedone using glacial acetic acid. Metal-free multicomponent synthesis, shorter reaction time, higher product yield, easy product purification without column chromatography and outstanding green credential parameters are the key features of this protocol. We analysed 4a–v against six human tumour cell lines for antiproliferative activity. 4h, 4o, 4q and 4v show good antiproliferative activity with a good in silico ADMET profile. Furthermore, 4h, 4o, 4q and 4v also show drug-likeness properties by obeying drug-like filters. Herein, we demonstrate a simple, rapid and green synthesis of 2,4-dimethoxy-THPQs under microwave irradiation and their antiproliferative activity, in silico ADMET and drug-likeness studies were carried out.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham G. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh Vidyanagar388120GujaratIndia
| | - Aday González-Bakker
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La LagunaLa Laguna E-38206Spain
| | - Ruturajsinh M. Vala
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh Vidyanagar388120GujaratIndia
| | - Paras J. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh Vidyanagar388120GujaratIndia
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La LagunaLa Laguna E-38206Spain
| | - Apoorva Malik
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysts Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of TechnologyJodhpurIndia
| | - Rakesh K. Sharma
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysts Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of TechnologyJodhpurIndia
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La LagunaLa Laguna E-38206Spain
| | - Hitendra M. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh Vidyanagar388120GujaratIndia
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14
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Bleijs M, Pleijte C, Engels S, Ringnalda F, Meyer-Wentrup F, van de Wetering M, Clevers H. EWSR1-WT1 Target Genes and Therapeutic Options Identified in a Novel DSRCT In Vitro Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236072. [PMID: 34885181 PMCID: PMC8657306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely rare soft tissue sarcoma arising in the abdomen of adolescents and young adults. This sarcoma is driven by a single genomic rearrangement, resulting in the expression of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion gene. No effective treatment exists for DSRCT patients, which highlights the need for preclinical models to study disease progression and drug sensitivity. The aim of this study is to develop a pre-clinical DSRCT in vitro model, which enables investigating the molecular target genes of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion gene and allows for medium-throughput drug screening to discover new therapeutic options. Abstract Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with a lack of effective treatment options and a poor prognosis. DSRCT is characterized by a chromosomal translocation, resulting in the EWSR1-WT1 gene fusion. The molecular mechanisms driving DSRCT are poorly understood, and a paucity of preclinical models hampers DSRCT research. Here, we establish a novel primary patient-derived DSRCT in vitro model, recapitulating the original tumor. We find that EWSR1-WT1 expression affects cell shape and cell survival, and we identify downstream target genes of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion. Additionally, this preclinical in vitro model allows for medium-throughput drug screening. We discover sensitivity to several drugs, including compounds targeting RTKs. MERTK, which has been described as a therapeutic target for several malignancies, correlates with EWSR1-WT1 expression. Inhibition of MERTK with the small-molecule inhibitor UNC2025 results in reduced proliferation of DSRCT cells in vitro, suggesting MERTK as a therapeutic target in DSRCT. This study underscores the usefulness of preclinical in vitro models for studying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Bleijs
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corine Pleijte
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sem Engels
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Ringnalda
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Friederike Meyer-Wentrup
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
| | - Marc van de Wetering
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
| | - Hans Clevers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.B.); (C.P.); (S.E.); (F.R.); (F.M.-W.); (M.v.d.W.)
- Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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15
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Abourehab MAS, Alqahtani AM, Youssif BGM, Gouda AM. Globally Approved EGFR Inhibitors: Insights into Their Syntheses, Target Kinases, Biological Activities, Receptor Interactions, and Metabolism. Molecules 2021; 26:6677. [PMID: 34771085 PMCID: PMC8587155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the EGFR with small-molecule inhibitors is a confirmed valid strategy in cancer therapy. Since the FDA approval of the first EGFR-TKI, erlotinib, great efforts have been devoted to the discovery of new potent inhibitors. Until now, fourteen EGFR small-molecule inhibitors have been globally approved for the treatment of different types of cancers. Although these drugs showed high efficacy in cancer therapy, EGFR mutations have emerged as a big challenge for these drugs. In this review, we focus on the EGFR small-molecule inhibitors that have been approved for clinical uses in cancer therapy. These drugs are classified based on their chemical structures, target kinases, and pharmacological uses. The synthetic routes of these drugs are also discussed. The crystal structures of these drugs with their target kinases are also summarized and their bonding modes and interactions are visualized. Based on their binding interactions with the EGFR, these drugs are also classified into reversible and irreversible inhibitors. The cytotoxicity of these drugs against different types of cancer cell lines is also summarized. In addition, the proposed metabolic pathways and metabolites of the fourteen drugs are discussed, with a primary focus on the active and reactive metabolites. Taken together, this review highlights the syntheses, target kinases, crystal structures, binding interactions, cytotoxicity, and metabolism of the fourteen globally approved EGFR inhibitors. These data should greatly help in the design of new EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Alaa M. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Gouda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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16
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Ahmed MM, Fatima F, Anwer MK, Aldawsari MF, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A. Brigatinib loaded poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles for improved anti-tumoral activity against non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:1112-1120. [PMID: 34551665 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1983585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current investigation was to develop poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) to sustain the brigatinib (BTB) release for prolong time period and to examine the antitumor effect of the optimized NPs. SIGNIFICANCE Optimized PLGA-based NPs of BTB could be potentially used as a promising nanocarrier for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS BTB-loaded NPs were fabricated with core-shell of PLGA by solvent evaporation technique using different proportions of PLGA polymer and poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) stabilizer. The prepared NPs were evaluated for particle characterizations; size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta-potential, entrapment efficiency (EE), and drug loading (DL), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction studies. The optimized NPs (BN5) were further evaluated for morphology, stability, and cytotoxicity studies against A549 cell-lines. RESULTS Among the nine different NPs formulae (BN1-BN9), BN5 was optimized with composition of BTB (30 mg), PLGA (75 mg), PVA (0.55% w/v), represents an average particle size of (267.1 ± 1.01 nm), PDI (0.101 ± 0.007), and zeta potential (-42.1 ± 0.75 mV), high EE (66.83 ± 0.06%), and DL (6.17 ± 0.69%). SEM image of selected NPs was spherical with smooth surface. In vitro drug release profile in phosphate buffers (pH 5 and pH 7.4) showed a biphasic release with initial burst phase followed by sustained release for prolong time. Furthermore, optimized NPs (BN5) exhibited excellent cytotoxic activity against A549 cell-lines with IC50 value of 5.25 ± 0.23 µg/mL. CONCLUSION The overall results suggest that BTB-loaded PLGA NPs could be a potential nanocarrier for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon, India.,Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mauz, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mauz, Sultanate of Oman
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17
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Álvarez-Mercado AI, Caballeria-Casals A, Rojano-Alfonso C, Chávez-Reyes J, Micó-Carnero M, Sanchez-Gonzalez A, Casillas-Ramírez A, Gracia-Sancho J, Peralta C. Insights into Growth Factors in Liver Carcinogenesis and Regeneration: An Ongoing Debate on Minimizing Cancer Recurrence after Liver Resection. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091158. [PMID: 34572344 PMCID: PMC8470173 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma has become a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality throughout the world, and is of great concern. Currently used chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma lead to severe side effects, thus underscoring the need for further research to develop novel and safer therapies. Liver resection in cancer patients is routinely performed. After partial resection, liver regeneration is a perfectly calibrated response apparently sensed by the body’s required liver function. This process hinges on the effect of several growth factors, among other molecules. However, dysregulation of growth factor signals also leads to growth signaling autonomy and tumor progression, so control of growth factor expression may prevent tumor progression. This review describes the role of some of the main growth factors whose dysregulation promotes liver tumor progression, and are also key in regenerating the remaining liver following resection. We herein summarize and discuss studies focused on partial hepatectomy and liver carcinogenesis, referring to hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and epidermal growth factor, as well as their suitability as targets in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, and given that drugs remain one of the mainstay treatment options in liver carcinogenesis, we have reviewed the current pharmacological approaches approved for clinical use or research targeting these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Álvarez-Mercado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.I.Á.-M.); (C.P.)
| | - Albert Caballeria-Casals
- Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Department, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (C.R.-A.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Carlos Rojano-Alfonso
- Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Department, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (C.R.-A.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Jesús Chávez-Reyes
- Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros 87300, Mexico; (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-R.)
| | - Marc Micó-Carnero
- Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Department, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (C.R.-A.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Alfredo Sanchez-Gonzalez
- Teaching and Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Victoria “Bicentenario 2010”, Ciudad Victoria 87087, Mexico;
| | - Araní Casillas-Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Matamoros 87300, Mexico; (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-R.)
- Teaching and Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ciudad Victoria “Bicentenario 2010”, Ciudad Victoria 87087, Mexico;
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, IDIBAPS Biomedical Research Institute, CIBEREHD, 03036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Peralta
- Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Department, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (C.R.-A.); (M.M.-C.)
- Correspondence: (A.I.Á.-M.); (C.P.)
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18
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Ren C, Sun N, Liu H, Kong Y, Sun R, Qiu X, Chen J, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Zhong H, Yin Q, Song X, Yang X, Jiang B. Discovery of a Brigatinib Degrader SIAIS164018 with Destroying Metastasis-Related Oncoproteins and a Reshuffling Kinome Profile. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9152-9165. [PMID: 34138566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) is an attractive technology in drug discovery. Canonically, targets act as a basic starting point in the most previous PROTAC design. Here, we designed degraders considering from the view of clinical benefits. With this novel design, Brigatinib was turned into a degrader SIAIS164018 and endowed with unique features. First, SIAIS164018 could degrade not only ALK fusion proteins in activating or G1202R-mutated form but also mutant EGFR with L858R + T790M, which are two most important targets in non-small-cell lung cancer. Second, SIAIS164018 strongly inhibited cell migration and invasion of Calu-1 and MDA-MB-231. Third and surprisingly, SIAIS164018 degrades several important oncoproteins involved in metastasis such as FAK, PYK2, and PTK6. Interestingly, SIAIS164018 reshuffled the kinome ranking profile when compared to Brigatinib. Finally, SIAIS164018 is orally bioavailable and well tolerated in vivo. SIAIS164018 is an enlightening degrader for us to excavate the charm of protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Ren
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y Building, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Renhong Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xing Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinju Chen
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y Building, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y Building, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jianshui Zhang
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y Building, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuedong Zhou
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y Building, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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19
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Liang X, Wu P, Yang Q, Xie Y, He C, Yin L, Yin Z, Yue G, Zou Y, Li L, Song X, Lv C, Zhang W, Jing B. An update of new small-molecule anticancer drugs approved from 2015 to 2020. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113473. [PMID: 33906047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A high incidence of cancer has given rise to the development of more anti-tumor drugs. From 2015 to 2020, fifty-six new small-molecule anticancer drugs, divided into ten categories according to their anti-tumor target activities, have been approved. These include TKIs (30 drugs), MAPK inhibitors (3 drugs), CDK inhibitors (3 drugs), PARP inhibitors (3 drugs), PI3K inhibitors (3 drugs), SMO receptor antagonists (2 drugs), AR antagonists (2 drugs), SSTR inhibitors (2 drugs), IDH inhibitors (2 drugs) and others (6 drugs). Among them, PTK inhibitors (30/56) have led to a paradigm shift in cancer treatment with less toxicity and more potency. Each of their structures, approval statuses, applications, SAR analyses, and original research synthesis routes have been summarized, giving us a more comprehensive map for further efforts to design more specific targeted agents for reducing cancer in the future. We believe this review will help further research of potential antitumor agents in clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China.
| | - Pan Wu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yunyu Xie
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Lizi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Guizhou Yue
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Bo Jing
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
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20
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Cherri S, Noventa S, Fanelli M, Calandra G, Prochilo T, Bnà C, Savelli G, Zaniboni A. Drug-Related Pneumonitis in Cancer Treatment during the COVID-19 Era. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1052. [PMID: 33801385 PMCID: PMC7958630 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease is recognized as a group of diseases with a different etiopathogenesis characterized by chronic lung inflammation with the accumulation of inflammatory cells, lymphocytes and macrophages, and the consequent release of proinflammatory cytokines. Various degrees of pulmonary fibrosis can be associated with this inflammatory condition. Interstitial lung disease related to oncological drugs is a relevant problem in clinical practice. The etiopathogenetic mechanisms underlying this adverse event are not completely known but can be partly explained by the mechanism of action of the drug involved. Therefore, knowledge of the relevance of this potentially fatal adverse event supported by the reported safety data of pivotal studies becomes fundamental in the management of patients. The prompt diagnosis of drug-related pneumonia and the consequent differential diagnosis with other forms of pneumonia allow a rapid suspension of treatment and the establishment of an immunosuppressive treatment if necessary. In the context of the health emergency related to SARS CoV2 infection and COVID-19-related interstitial lung disease, such knowledge holds decisive relevance in the conscious choice of cancer treatments. Our intent was to describe the oncological drugs most correlated with this adverse event by reporting, where possible, the percentages of insurgency in pivotal studies to provide an overview and therefore promote greater awareness of this important toxicity related to oncological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cherri
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (S.N.); (T.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Silvia Noventa
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (S.N.); (T.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Martina Fanelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Giulio Calandra
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (G.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Tiziana Prochilo
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (S.N.); (T.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Claudio Bnà
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (G.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Giordano Savelli
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Alberto Zaniboni
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (S.N.); (T.P.); (A.Z.)
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Vanza JD, Patel RB, Patel MR. Nanocarrier centered therapeutic approaches: Recent developments with insight towards the future in the management of lung cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Development and characterization of Brigatinib loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: In-vitro cytotoxicity against human carcinoma A549 lung cell lines. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 233:105003. [PMID: 33096096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.105003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Brigatinib (BG) is a tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor act as an antineoplastic agent by blocking the action of an abnormal protein that causes cancer cells to multiply. In the current study, nine formulae of BG loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were developed using 32 factorial design. SLNs were prepared by the solvent emulsification technique using stearic acid as lipid and soya- lecithin as a surfactant, both of these act as independent variables, whereas Particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) were selected as responses. The particle size was found to be in the nano range (176-787 nm), fairly monodisperse (PDI indices 0.19-0.5), interparticle electrical stability was supported by zeta-potential (+1.78 mV to -15.4 mV), whereas EE and DL were in the range of (61.31-87.87 %) (3.35-31.01 %), respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms indicated the amorphous state of BG in the SLN. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrums confirm non-interaction between drug and polymer while nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy study revealed BG incorporation in the SLN. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image exhibit a spherical shape of SLN. The in-vitro release profile demonstrates a sustained release pattern for the selected BS5 SLNs. MTT assay was performed on the optimized SLNs (BS5) and the results are indicative that BG loaded SLN (BS5) showed better cytotoxicity against A349 lung cell lines while compared to BG suspension and blank SLN. Thus, BG loaded SLNs can find Its better place in the non-small cell lung cancer treatment.
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Ahmed MM, Fatima F, Anwer MK, Ansari MJ, Das SS, Alshahrani SM. Development and characterization of ethyl cellulose nanosponges for sustained release of brigatinib for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2019-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) contributes to about 85% of lung cancer. By 2040, lung cancer cases estimated to rise to 3.6 million globally. Brigatinib (BG) acts as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target the epidermal growth factor receptor of the epithelial lung cancer cells. BG loaded nanosponges (NSs) were prepared by the emulsion solvent evaporation technique using ethylcellulose (EC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer. Eight formulations were developed by varying the concentration of the drug (BG), EC and PVA followed by optimization through particle characterization; size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), drug entrapment and loading efficiency. The optimized formulation BGNS5 showed particles size (261.0 ± 3.5 nm), PDI (0.301) and ZP(−19.83 ± 0.06 Mv) together with entrapment efficiency (85.69 ± 0.04%) and drug loading (17.69 ± 0.01%). FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM showed drug-polymer compatibility, entrapment of drug in EC core, non-crystallinity of BG in NS and confirm spherical porous nature of the NS. BGNS5 reflects drug release in a sustained manner, 86.91 ± 2.12% for about 12 h. BGNS5 significantly decreased the cell viability of A549 human lung cancer cell lines with less hemolytic ratio compared to pure drug BG and EC. Based on the aforementioned results BGNS5 could be used in the effective treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 173 , Al-Kharj, 11942 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 173 , Al-Kharj, 11942 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 173 , Al-Kharj, 11942 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 173 , Al-Kharj, 11942 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra , Ranchi, 835215 , Jharkhand , India
| | - Saad M. Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 173 , Al-Kharj, 11942 , Saudi Arabia
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24
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Insights on the interaction mechanism of brigatinib to human α-1-acid glycoprotein: Experimental and computational approaches. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:340-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sun N, Ren C, Kong Y, Zhong H, Chen J, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Qiu X, Lin H, Song X, Yang X, Jiang B. Development of a Brigatinib degrader (SIAIS117) as a potential treatment for ALK positive cancer resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 193:112190. [PMID: 32179332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
EML4-ALK and NPM-ALK fusion proteins possess constitutively activated ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) activity, which in turn leads to the development of non-small cell lung cancer and anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCLs). FDA-approved ALK inhibitor drugs cause significant cancer regression. However, drug resistance eventually occurs and it becomes a big obstacle in clinic. Novel proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology platform provides a potential therapeutic strategy for drug resistance. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of ALK PROTACs based on Brigatinib and VHL-1 conjunction, and screened SIAIS117 as the best degrader which not only blocked the growth of SR and H2228 cancer cell lines, but also degraded ALK protein. In addition, SIAIS117 also showed much better growth inhibition effect than Brigatinib on 293T cell line that exogenously expressed G1202R-resistant ALK proteins. Furthermore, it also degraded G1202R mutant ALK protein in vitro. At last, it has the potentially anti-proliferation ability of small cell lung cancer. Thus, we have successfully generated the degrader SIAIS117 that can potentially overcome resistance in cancer targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chaowei Ren
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y building, 230 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China; Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Jinju Chen
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y building, 230 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y building, 230 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jianshui Zhang
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y building, 230 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yuedong Zhou
- Jing Medicine Technology (Shanghai), Ltd., Y building, 230 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xing Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haifan Lin
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Hamilton G, Hochmair MJ. An evaluation of brigatinib as a promising treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1551-1561. [PMID: 31328968 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1643839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Brigatinib is a second-line inhibitor for the treatment of rearranged anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in lung cancer patients which has significant activity against brain metastases. This tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) overcomes a wide range of ALK mutations which confer therapeutic resistance and is increasingly applied in first-line therapy due to improved benefit for patients compared to crizotinib, the current standard of care. Areas covered: The authors review the development and characteristics of brigatinib and discuss the optimal clinical use and sequence of the application of ALK inhibitors in patients progressing under therapy. Expert opinion: ALK-rearranged NSCLC can be treated with a broad range of approved and novel inhibitors at various stages of therapy, including the second-line therapeutic brigatinib. Besides this TKI, the second-line ALK inhibitors alectinib and ceritinib, as well as the third-line lorlatinib are approved for the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC patients. The main challenge is to find sequences and combinations of ALK inhibitors which provide the best benefit for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - M J Hochmair
- Respiratory Oncology Unit, Otto Wagner Hospital , Vienna , Austria
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Rapoport B, Arani RB, Mathieson N, Krendyukov A. Meta-analysis comparing incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia with ALK inhibitors and chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Future Oncol 2019; 15:2163-2174. [PMID: 31116035 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This meta-analysis compared incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia with ALK inhibitors versus chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Materials & methods: PubMed/MEDLINE was searched to identify Phase II and III randomized clinical trials published up to 25 October 2018. Summary incidence, relative risk and corresponding 95% CIs were calculated for grade 3-4 neutropenia. Results: Five randomized clinical trials were included. Relative risk (95% CI) of developing grade 3-4 neutropenia with ALK inhibitor versus chemotherapy was 0.27 (0.07-1.06). Probabilities of developing grade 3-4 neutropenia were 6.56 and 14.19%, respectively; no significant difference was found. Conclusion: In patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia with ALK-targeted therapy is not significantly different compared with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Rapoport
- The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, 2196, South Africa.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0084, South Africa
| | - Ramin B Arani
- Biostatistics, Sandoz Inc., Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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Rizvi SMD, Alshammari AAA, Almawkaa WA, Ahmed ABF, Katamesh A, Alafnan A, Almutairi TJ, Alshammari RF. An oncoinformatics study to predict the inhibitory potential of recent FDA-approved anti-cancer drugs against human Polo-like kinase 1 enzyme: a step towards dual-target cancer medication. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:70. [PMID: 30800581 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer prevalence has increased at an alarming rate worldwide. Complexity, resistance mechanism and multiple compensatory survival pathways of cancer cells have abated the response of currently available cancer medications. Therefore, multi-target agents rather than single target might provide a better solution to these cancer therapy issues. In the present study, anti-PLK1 (Polo-like kinase 1) potential of the eight FDA-approved (2017) anti-cancer drugs have been explored using molecular docking approach. Out of all the tested drugs, brigatinib, niraparib and ribociclib showed better binding affinity towards the 'kinase domain' of PLK1. The Gibbs free binding energy (ΔG) and inhibition constant (K i) values for brigatinib, niraparib and ribociclib interaction with the kinase domain of PLK1 were '- 8.05 kcal/mol and 1.26 µM', '- 8.35 kcal/mol and 0.729 µM' and '- 7.29 kcal/mol and 4.52 µM', respectively. Interestingly, the docking results of these three drugs were better than the known PLK1 inhibitors (BI-2536 and rigosertib). The ΔG and K i values for BI-2536 and rigosertib interaction with the kinase domain of PLK1 were '- 6.8 kcal/mol and 10.38 µM' and '- 6.6 kcal/mol and 14.51 µM', respectively. Brigatinib, niraparib and ribociclib have been approved by FDA for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian/fallopian tube cancer and breast cancer, respectively. PLK1 is regarded as a potential cancer target, and it is specifically over-expressed in different types of cancer cells, including aforementioned cancers. Actually, the target enzymes for anti-cancer action of brigatinib, niraparib and ribociclib are tyrosine kinase, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6, respectively. However, based on our outcomes, we could safely state that PLK1 might plausibly emerge as an add-on target for each of these three anti-cancer drugs. We strongly believe that this study would assist in the development of better dual-targeting cancer therapeutic agent in the near future.
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Safety and Tolerability of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Drug Saf 2019; 42:199-209. [DOI: 10.1007/s40264-018-0771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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