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Lv X, Fan Q, Li X, Li P, Wan Z, Han X, Wang H, Wang X, Wu L, Huo B, Yang L, Chen G, Zhang Y. Identification of renal ischemia reperfusion injury-characteristic genes, pathways and immunological micro-environment features through bioinformatics approaches. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2123-2140. [PMID: 38329418 PMCID: PMC10911371 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers and pathways associated with renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) had not been well unveiled. This study was intended to investigate and summarize the regulatory networks for related hub genes. Besides, the immunological micro-environment features were evaluated and the correlations between immune cells and hub genes were also explored. METHODS GSE98622 containing mouse samples with multiple IRI stages and controls was collected from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognized by the R package limma, and the GO and KEGG analyses were conducted by DAVID. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) had been implemented to uncover changed pathways and gene modules related to IRI. Besides the known pathways such as apoptosis pathway, metabolic pathway, and cell cycle pathways, some novel pathways were also discovered to be critical in IRI. A series of novel genes associated with IRI was also dug out. An IRI mouse model was constructed to validate the results. RESULTS The well-known IRI marker genes (Kim1 and Lcn2) and novel hub genes (Hbegf, Serpine2, Apbb1ip, Trip13, Atf3, and Ncaph) had been proved by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Thereafter, miRNAs targeted to the dysregulated genes were predicted and the miRNA-target network was constructed. Furthermore, the immune infiltration for these samples was predicted and the results showed that macrophages infiltrated to the injured kidney to affect the tissue repair or fibrosis. Hub genes were significantly positively or negatively correlated with the macrophage abundance indicating they played a crucial role in macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, the pathways, hub genes, miRNAs, and the immune microenvironment may explain the mechanism of IRI and might be the potential targets for IRI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qian Fan
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University Eye Institute, Nankai University, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuanjie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhanhai Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuena Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Huo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Lanzhou First People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Gen Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Zhang HY, Wang F, Chen X, Meng X, Feng C, Feng JX. Dual roles of commensal bacteria after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. Pediatr Surg Int 2020; 36:81-91. [PMID: 31541279 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-019-04555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The roles of commensal bacteria after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IIR) are unclear. In current study, we aim to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of commensal bacteria in injury and epithelial restitution after IIR. METHODS Commensal gut bacteria were deleted by broad-spectrum antibiotics in mice. IIR was induced by clamping superior mesenteric artery. Intestinal injury, permeability, epithelial proliferation, and proinflammatory activity of mesenteric lymph were investigated. RESULTS Commensals deletion improved mice survival in the early phase, but failed to improve the overall survival at 96 h after IIR. Commensals deletion reduced proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and augmented proinflammatory activity of mesenteric lymph after IIR. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) supplement promoted IEC proliferation and improved survival in mice with commensals deletion after IIR. LPS induced production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in mucosa via toll-like receptor 4-NFκB-cyclooxygenase 2 pathway. PGE2 enhanced IEC proliferation in vivo, which was preceded by activation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. Blocking of EGFR, PI3K/Akt activity abolished LPS-induced IEC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Commensal bacteria are essential for epithelial restitution after IIR, which enhance IEC proliferation via induction of PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Xuyong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinrao Meng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chenzhao Feng
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jie-Xiong Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Kaya O, Orhan E, Sapmaz-Metin M, Topçu-Tarladaçalışır Y, Gündüz Ö, Aydın B. The effects of epidermal growth factor on early burn-wound progression in rats. Dermatol Ther 2019; 33:e13196. [PMID: 31849151 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
After burns, protecting tissues by medicines in the zone of stasis reduces the width and depth of injury. This study's goal was to reduce burned tissue damage in the zone of stasis using epidermal growth factor (EGF). Forty-eight Wistar rats were separated into three groups. In all groups, the burn procedure was applied following the comb burn model. In Group 1, no postburn treatment was administered. In Group 2, physiological saline solution (0.3 cc) was injected intradermally and in Group 3, EGF (0.3 cc) was injected intradermally into stasis zone tissues after the burn procedure. Surviving tissue rates were 24.0% in Group 1, 25.3% in Group 2, and 70.2% in Group 3. The average numbers of cells stained with Nrf2, HO-1, and the number of apoptotic cells were 230, 150, and 17.5 in Group 1, 230, 145, and 15.0 in Group 2, and 370, 230, and 0 in Group 3, respectively. Values in Group 3 were found to be statistically significantly different than those of Groups 1 and 2; there was no difference between Groups 1 and 2. This study shows that EGF protects zone of stasis tissue from burn damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Kaya
- Department of Physiology, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Erkan Orhan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Melike Sapmaz-Metin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University, School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | | | - Özgür Gündüz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Trakya University, School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Bilgehan Aydın
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Su Y, Luo H, Yang J. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor attenuates lung inflammation and injury in a murine model of pulmonary emphysema. Growth Factors 2018; 36:246-262. [PMID: 30600734 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2018.1552270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary inflammation and progressive lung destruction are the major causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), resulting in emphysema and irreversible pulmonary dysfunction. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), is known to play a protective role in the process of various inflammatory diseases. However, its effect on COPD is poorly understood. This study was designed to determine the effect of HB-EGF on lung inflammation and injury in a murine model of pulmonary emphysema. HB-EGF promoted percent survival and body weight, attenuated lung injury, inflammatory cells, and cytokines infiltration, and prevented lung function decline. Additionally, treatment of rHB-EGF suppressed the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/p65, decreased TUNEL-positive cells and the expression of caspase 3, and increased the expression of PCNA, HB-EGF, and EGF receptor (EGFR). We conclude that HB-EGF attenuates lung inflammation and injury, probably through the activation of EGFR, followed by suppression of NF-ΚB signalling, promotion of cell proliferation, and inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Su
- a School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Heng Luo
- b Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Jixin Yang
- c Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
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Yang Z, Zhang XR, Zhao Q, Wang SL, Xiong LL, Zhang P, Yuan B, Zhang ZB, Fan SY, Wang TH, Zhang YH. Knockdown of TNF‑α alleviates acute lung injury in rats with intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury by upregulating IL‑10 expression. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:926-934. [PMID: 29767265 PMCID: PMC6034932 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (II/R) injury often triggers severe injury in remote organs, with the lungs being considered the main target. Excessive elevation of proinflammatory cytokines is a major contributor in the occurrence and development of II/R-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether blocking tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression could protect the lungs from injury following II/R, and to explore the possible underlying mechanism involving interleukin-10 (IL-10). Briefly, II/R was induced in rats by 40 min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery and celiac artery, followed by 8, 16 or 24 h of reperfusion. Subsequently, lentiviral vectors containing TNF-α short hairpin (sh)RNA were injected into the right lung tissues, in order to induce TNF-α knockdown. The severity of ALI was determined according to lung injury scores and lung edema (lung wet/dry weight ratio). The expression levels of TNF-α were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. IL-10 expression, in response to TNF-α knockdown, was detected in lung tissues by qPCR and IF. The results detected marked inflammatory responses, and increased levels of lung wet/dry weight ratio and TNF-α expression, in the lungs of II/R rats. Conversely, treatment with TNF-α shRNA significantly alleviated the severity of ALI and upregulated the expression levels of IL-10 in lung tissues. These findings suggested that TNF-α RNA interference may exert a protective effect on II/R-induced ALI via the upregulation of IL-10. Therefore, TNF-α knockdown may be considered a potential strategy for the prevention or treatment of ALI induced by II/R in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Rong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Lan Wang
- Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Piao Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Bing Yuan
- Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Bing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yuan Fan
- Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Respiration, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Estradiol mediates the long-lasting lung inflammation induced by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. J Surg Res 2018; 221:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chen CM, Chou HC, Lin W, Tseng C. Surfactant effects on the viability and function of human mesenchymal stem cells: in vitro and in vivo assessment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:180. [PMID: 28774314 PMCID: PMC5543543 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surfactant therapy has become the standard of care for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Preclinical studies have reported the therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This study investigated the effects of a surfactant on the in vitro viability and in vivo function of human MSCs. METHODS The viability, phenotype, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of MSCs were assessed through flow cytometry. The in vivo function was assessed after intratracheal injection of human MSCs (1 × 105 cells) diluted in 30 μl of normal saline (NS), 10 μl of a surfactant diluted in 20 μl of NS, and 10 μl of a surfactant and MSCs (1 × 105 cells) diluted in 20 μl of NS in newborn rats on postnatal day 5. The pups were reared in room air (RA) or an oxygen-enriched atmosphere (85% O2) from postnatal days 1 to 14; eight study groups were examined: RA + NS, RA + MSCs, RA + surfactant, RA + surfactant + MSCs, O2 + NS, O2 + MSCs, O2 + surfactant, and O2 + surfactant + MSCs. The lungs were excised for histological and cytokine analysis on postnatal day 14. RESULTS Compared with the controls, surfactant-treated MSCs showed significantly reduced viability and MMP after exposure to 1:1 and 1:2 of surfactant:MSCs for 15 and 60 minutes. All human MSC samples exhibited similar percentages of CD markers, regardless of surfactant exposure. The rats reared in hyperoxia and treated with NS exhibited a significantly higher mean linear intercept (MLI) than did those reared in RA and treated with NS, MSCs, surfactant, or surfactant + MSCs. Treatment with MSCs, surfactant, or surfactant + MSCs significantly reduced the hyperoxia-induced increase in MLI. The O2 + surfactant + MSCs group exhibited a significantly higher MLI than did the O2 + MSCs group. Furthermore, treatment with MSCs and MSCs + surfactant significantly reduced the hyperoxia-induced increase in apoptotic cells. CONCLUSIONS Combination therapy involving a surfactant and MSCs does not exert additive effects on lung development in hyperoxia-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Willie Lin
- Meridigen Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang HY, Besner GE, Feng JX. Antibody blockade of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 attenuates proinflammatory activity of mesenteric lymph after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Surgery 2016; 159:1449-60. [PMID: 26804820 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Chen CL, Yang J, James IOA, Zhang HY, Besner GE. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor restores Wnt/β-catenin signaling in intestinal stem cells exposed to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Surgery 2014; 155:1069-80. [PMID: 24856127 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor (HB-EGF) protects the intestines from injury in several different experimental animal models. In the current study, we investigated whether the ability of HB-EGF to protect the intestines from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was related to its effects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in intestinal stem cells (ISC). METHODS Lucien-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic (TG) mice with fluorescently labeled ISC, as well as the same mice treated with intraluminal HB-EGF or genetically engineered to overexpress HB-EGF, were exposed to segmental mesenteric artery occlusion (sMAO) to the terminal ilium. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was evaluated using immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting. RESULTS LGR5 expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the ISC of the terminal ilium of LGR5-EGFP TG mice was significantly reduced 24 hours after sMAO. Intraluminal administration of HB-EGF or HB-EGF overexpression in these mice led to preservation of LGR5 expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CONCLUSION These data show that HB-EGF preserves Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ISC after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Liang Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jixin Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Iyore O A James
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Hong-Yi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Gail E Besner
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH.
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Yang J, Su Y, Zhou Y, Besner GE. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) therapy for intestinal injury: Application and future prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 21:95-104. [PMID: 24345808 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the past 20 years, we have been investigating the potential therapeutic roles of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the epidermal growth factor family, in various models of intestinal injury including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HS/R). Our studies have demonstrated that HB-EGF acts as an effective mitogen, a restitution-inducing reagent, a cellular trophic factor, an anti-apoptotic protein and a vasodilator, via its effects on various cell types in the intestine. In the current paper, we have reviewed the application and therapeutic effects of HB-EGF in three classic animal models of intestinal injury, with particular emphasis on its protection of the intestines from NEC. Additionally, we have summarized the protective functions of HB-EGF on various target cells in the intestine. Lastly, we have provided a brief discussion focusing on the future development of HB-EGF clinical applications for the treatment of various forms of intestinal injury including NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Yang
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Yanwei Su
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Yu Zhou
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Gail E Besner
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
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Shen J, Fu G, Jiang L, Xu J, Li L, Fu G. Effect of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on lung injury following intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:1359-1364. [PMID: 24255662 PMCID: PMC3829760 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury is tissue damage caused by the re-supply of blood following a period of ischemia in tissues. Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an extremely common clinical event associated with distant organ injury. The intestine serves as the initial organ of multi-system organ dysfunction syndrome. It is extremely important to identify a method to protect against IRI, as it is a key factor associated with morbidity and mortality in patients. In the present study, the protective effects of pretreatment with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride were investigated. Rats were divided into six groups and models of intestinal ischemia were created in the five groups. Certain groups were pretreated with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in order to evaluate the injury. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to visualize the damage. qPCR and western blotting were performed to examine the inflammatory status. Pretreatment with various doses of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride significantly reduced the pathological scores and the inflammatory reaction. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, TLR4 and MyD88 were decreased in the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride treatment groups compared with those in the sham control and untreated ischemia reperfusion groups. The results of the present study indicate that pretreatment with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride may be a useful method of reducing the damage caused by IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor attenuates acute lung injury and multiorgan dysfunction after scald burn. J Surg Res 2013; 185:329-37. [PMID: 23777985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired gut barrier function and acute lung injury (ALI) are significant components of the multiorgan dysfunction syndrome that accompanies severe burns. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) has been shown to reduce inflammation, preserve gut barrier function, and protect the lungs from acute injury in several models of intestinal injury; however, comparable effects of HB-EGF after burn injury have never been investigated. The present studies were based on the hypothesis that HB-EGF would reduce the severity of ALI and multiorgan dysfunction after scald burns in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were randomized to sham, burn (25% of total body surface area with full thickness dorsal scald), and burn + HB-EGF groups. The HB-EGF group was pretreated with two enteral doses of HB-EGF (1200 μg/kg/dose). Mice were resuscitated after injury and sacrificed at 8 h later. Their lungs were harvested for determination of pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity, wet:dry ratios, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end label and cleaved caspase 3 immunohistochemistry. Lung function was assessed using the SCIREQ Flexivent. Splenic apoptosis was quantified by Western blot for cleaved caspase 3, and intestinal permeability was measured using the everted gut sac method. RESULTS Mice subjected to scald burn injury had increased lung myeloperoxidase levels, increased pulmonary and splenic apoptosis, elevated airway resistance and bronchial reactivity, and increased intestinal permeability compared with sham mice. These abnormalities were significantly attenuated in mice that were subjected to scald burn injury but treated with enteral HB-EGF. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that HB-EGF protects mice from ALI after scald burn and attenuates the severity of postburn multiorgan dysfunction.
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Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) protects the intestines from radiation therapy-induced intestinal injury. J Pediatr Surg 2013; 48:1316-22. [PMID: 23845625 PMCID: PMC3710435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) often induces enteritis by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) has been shown to protect the intestine in several animal injury models. The objective of this study was to examine whether HB-EGF affects RT-induced intestinal injury. METHODS HB-EGF or PBS was administered intraperitoneally to mice daily for 3 days, followed by total body irradiation (TBI). Three days after TBI, intestinal segments were harvested, and BrdU immunohistochemistry was performed to identify proliferating crypts (n=25). Four days after TBI, intestinal segments were harvested and assessed for histologic injury (n=34), and FITC-dextran was administered via gavage with serum FITC-dextran levels quantified to determine gut barrier function (n=18). RESULTS Compared to non-HB-EGF-treated irradiated mice, administration of HB-EGF to irradiated mice led to a significantly increased percentage of proliferative crypts (72.6% vs. 50.5%, p=0.001), a significantly decreased percent of histologic sections with severe histologic injury (13.7% vs. 20.3%, p=0.005), and significantly reduced intestinal permeability (18.8 μg/mL vs. 22.6 μg/mL, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that administration of HB-EGF protects the intestines from injury after exposure to radiation therapy. Administration of HB-EGF may represent a novel therapy for the prevention of radiation enteritis in the future.
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Takemura T, Yoshida Y, Kiso S, Saji Y, Ezaki H, Hamano M, Kizu T, Egawa M, Chatani N, Furuta K, Kamada Y, Iwamoto R, Mekada E, Higashiyama S, Hayashi N, Takehara T. Conditional knockout of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor in the liver accelerates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatol Res 2013; 43:384-93. [PMID: 22882498 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2012.01074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM We previously demonstrated that heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is induced in response to several liver injuries. Because the HB-EGF knockout (KO) mice die in utero or immediately after birth due to cardiac defects, the loss of function study in vivo is limited. Here, we generated liver-specific HB-EGF conditional knockout mice using the interferon-inducible Mx-1 promoter driven cre recombinase transgene and investigated its role during acute liver injury. METHODS We induced acute liver injury by a single i.p. injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) in HB-EGF KO mice and wild-type mice and liver damage was assessed by biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. We also used AML12 mouse hepatocyte cell lines to examine the molecular mechanism of HB-EGF-dependent anti-apoptosis and wound-healing process of the liver in vitro. RESULTS HB-EGF KO mice exhibited a significant increase of alanine aminotransferase level and also showed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic hepatocytes assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining at 24 h after CCl4 injection. We also demonstrated that HB-EGF treatment inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis of AML12 mouse hepatocytes and promoted the wound-healing response of these cells. CONCLUSION This study showed that HB-EGF plays a protective role during acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayo Takemura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine Department of Cell Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Medicine Research Center (ProMRes), Ehime University, Ehime Kansai-Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
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Zhang S, Zeng Y, Qu J, Luo Y, Wang X, Li W. Endogenous EGF maintains Sertoli germ cell anchoring junction integrity and is required for early recovery from acute testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury. Reproduction 2013; 145:177-89. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Administration of exogenous epidermal growth factor (EGF) improves testicular injury after acute ischemia–reperfusion (IR) stress, but the molecular basis is poorly understood. The role of endogenous EGF in testicular recovery and the underlying intracellular signaling pathways involved were herein investigated. In mice, testicular IR injury significantly enhanced the expression level of endogenousEgfat the very beginning of reperfusion. Expression of EGF receptor (Egfr(ErbB1)) was accordingly upregulated 3 h after reperfusion. Deprivation of majority of circulated EGF by sialoadenectomy aggravated testicular detriment (especially in pachytene spermatocytes), enhanced germ cell apoptosis, and thereafter resulted in impaired meiotic differentiation after IR insult. Mechanistically, endogenous EGF signaling appeared to be indispensable for the proper maintenance of Sertoli germ cells anchoring junction dynamics during the early testicular recovery. We also provided thein vitroevidences in a well-established rat Sertoli germ cell co-cultures model that the pro-survival effect of endogenous EGF on germ cells in response to testicular IR insult is mediated, at least in part, via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/pAkt pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that the augment of endogenous EGF during the early testicular recovery may act on top of an endocrinous cascade orchestrating the intimate interactions between Sertoli cells and germ cells and may operate as indispensable defensive mechanism in response to testicular IR stress. Future studies in this field would shed light on this complicated pathogenesis.
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Yang J, Radulescu A, Chen CL, Zhang HY, James IO, Besner GE. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor improves intestinal barrier function and reduces mortality in a murine model of peritonitis. Surgery 2012; 153:52-62. [PMID: 22703966 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial peritonitis remain high. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a potent intestinal cytoprotective agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HB-EGF in a model of murine peritonitis. METHODS HB-EGF(-/-) knockout (KO) mice and their HB-EGF(+/+) wild-type (WT) counterparts were subjected to sham operation, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), or CLP with HB-EGF treatment (800 μg/kg IP daily). Villous length, intestinal permeability, intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) apoptosis, bacterial load in peritoneal fluid (PF) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), inflammatory cytokine levels, and survival were determined. RESULTS After exposure to CLP, HB-EGF KO mice had significantly shorter villi (1.37 ± 0.13 vs 1.96 ± 0.4 relative units; P < .03), increased intestinal permeability (17.01 ± 5.18 vs 11.50 ± 4.67 nL/min/cm2; P < .03), increased IEC apoptotic indices (0.0093 ± 0.0033 vs 0.0016 ± 0.0014; P < .01), and increased bacterial counts in PF (25,313 ± 17,558 vs 11,955 ± 6,653 colony forming units [CFU]/mL; P < .05) and MLN (19,009 ± 11,200 vs 5,948 ± 2,988 CFU/mL/g; P < .01) compared with WT mice. Administration of HB-EGF to WT and HB-EGF KO mice exposed to CLP led to significantly increased villous length and decreased intestinal permeability, IEC apoptosis and bacterial counts in MLN (P < .05). Survival of HB-EGF KO mice subjected to CLP was significantly improved with administration of HB-EGF (P < .05). CONCLUSION HB-EGF gene KO increases susceptibility to peritonitis-induced intestinal injury, which can be reversed by administration of HB-EGF. These results support a protective role of HB-EGF in peritonitis-induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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Santora RJ, Hassoun HT. HB-EGF and mesenteric ischemia. J Surg Res 2011; 169:19-20. [PMID: 21316709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Santora
- Department of Surgery, The Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ben DF, Yu XY, Ji GY, Zheng DY, Lv KY, Ma B, Xia ZF. TLR4 mediates lung injury and inflammation in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. J Surg Res 2011; 174:326-33. [PMID: 21392794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Splanchnic ischemia is common in critically ill patients, and it can result in injury not only of the intestine but also in distant organs, particularly in the lung. Local inflammatory changes play a pivotal role in the development of acute lung injury after intestinal ischemia, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We sought to examine the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the mouse model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced lung injury and inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male TLR4 mutant (C3H/HeJ) mice and TLR4 wild-type (WT) (C3H/HeOuJ) mice were subjected to 40 min of intestinal ischemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery followed by 6 h of reperfusion. Lung histology was assessed and parameters of pulmonary microvascular permeability, inflammatory cytokine expression, and neutrophil infiltration were measured. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the transcription factors nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) in the lungs were also detected. RESULTS After intestinal I/R, lungs from TLR4 mutant mice demonstrated a significantly lower histological injury, a marked reduction of epithelial apoptosis associated with the decreased level of cleaved caspase-3 and the increased ratio of Bcl-xL to Bax proteins, and a large reduction in pulmonary vascular permeability and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in comparison with WT mice. TLR4 mutant mice also displayed marked decreases in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) expression. Following intestinal I/R, phosporylation of p38 MAPK and activation of NF-κB and AP-1 were significantly inhibited in lung tissue from TLR4 mutant mice compared with WT controls. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that TLR4 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of intestinal I/R-induced acute lung injury and inflammation and that p38 kinase and NF-κB may be involved in TLR4 signaling-mediated lung inflammatory processes during intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Feng Ben
- Institute of Burn Surgery and Burn Center, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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