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Liu Y, Wang L, Yang G, Chi X, Liang X, Zhang Y. Sirtuins: Promising Therapeutic Targets to Treat Ischemic Stroke. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1210. [PMID: 37627275 PMCID: PMC10452362 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability globally, with ischemic stroke (IS) accounting for over 80% of all stroke cases. The pathological process of IS involves numerous signal molecules, among which are the highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzymes known as sirtuins (SIRTs). SIRTs modulate various biological processes, including cell differentiation, energy metabolism, DNA repair, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Importantly, several studies have reported a correlation between SIRTs and IS. This review introduces the general aspects of SIRTs, including their distribution, subcellular location, enzyme activity, and substrate. We also discuss their regulatory roles and potential mechanisms in IS. Finally, we describe the current therapeutic methods based on SIRTs, such as pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological therapeutic/rehabilitative interventions, epigenetic regulators, potential molecules, and stem cell-derived exosome therapy. The data collected in this study will potentially contribute to both clinical and fundamental research on SIRTs, geared towards developing effective therapeutic candidates for future treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Liuding Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Guang Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China;
| | - Xiansu Chi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiao Liang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Yunling Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; (Y.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.)
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An Enriched Environment Promotes Motor Function through Neuroprotection after Cerebral Ischemia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:4143633. [PMID: 36817860 PMCID: PMC9931462 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4143633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Stroke seriously affects human health. Many studies have shown that enriched environment (EE) can promote functional recovery after stroke, but the intrinsic mechanisms remain unclear. In order to study the internal mechanisms of EE involved in functional recovery after ischemic stroke and which mechanism plays a leading role in the recovery of limb function after cerebral infarction, key proteins potentially involved in neuronal protection and synaptic remodeling in the ischemic penumbra have been investigated. In this study, adult C57BL/6 mice after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) were assigned to the EE and standard housing (SH) groups 3 days after operation. The EE house was spacious that contained a large variety of small toys; the SH was a normal sized cage. Sham-operated mice without artery occlusion were housed under standard conditions and were fed a normal diet. On days 3, 7, 14, and 21, postoperative motor functional recovery was tested using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the Rotarod test. The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), and synaptophysin (SYN) was examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The motor functional recovery (based on the mNSS and Rotarod test 3, 7, 14, and 21 days post operation) of mice in the EE group improved significantly compared to the SH group. The expression of GAP-43 and SYN and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax were all upregulated in the EE group compared to the SH group. In addition, we also explored the relationship between neuronal protection and synaptic remodeling in the EE-mediated recovery of limb function after cerebral infarction by correlation analysis. Correlation analysis showed that compared with the increase of Bcl-2/Bax ratio, the increased expression of GAP-43 and SYN was more closely related to the recovery of limb function in ischemic mice. These data support the hypothesis that EE can promote the process of improvement of limb dysfunction induced by ischemic stroke, and this behavior restoration may, via promoting neuroprotection in the ischemic penumbra, be dependent on the regulation of the expression of GAP-43, SYN, Bcl-2, and Bax. A limitation of the study was that we only observed several representative key indicators of synaptic remodeling and neuronal apoptosis, without an in-depth study of the potential mechanisms involved.
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Yang L, Li CY, Ouyang JY, Li MZ, Zhan Y, Feng XF, Lu Y, Li MC, Lei JF, Zhao T, Wang L, Zou HY, Zhao H. Trillium tschonoskii rhizomes' saponins induces oligodendrogenesis and axonal reorganization for ischemic stroke recovery in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114358. [PMID: 34166736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. is one of traditional Chinese medical herbs that has been utilized to treat brain damages and cephalalgia. The neuroprotective effect of total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii rhizome (TSTT) has been demonstrated efficacy in rats following ischemia. However, the axonal remodeling effect of TSTT and the detailed mechanisms after ischemic stroke have not been investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to estimate therapeutic role of TSTT in axonal remodeling using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, and explored possible mechanisms underlying this process followed by histological assays in ischemic rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent permanently focal cerebral ischemia induced by occluding right permanent middle cerebral artery. TSTT was intragastrically administrated 6 h after surgery and once daily for consecutive 15 days. Neurological function was assessed by the motor deficit score and beam walking test. T2 relaxation mapping and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were applied for detecting cerebral tissues damages and microstructural integrity of axons. Luxol fast blue (LFB) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were performed to evaluate histopathology in myelinated axons. Double immunofluorescent staining was conducted to assess oligodendrogenesis. Furthermore, the protein expressions regarding to axonal remodeling related signaling pathways were detected by Western blot assays. RESULTS TSTT treatment (65, 33 mg/kg) markedly improved motor function after ischemic stroke. T2 mapping MRI demonstrated that TSTT decreased lesion volumes, and DTI further confirmed that TSTT preserved axonal microstructure of the sensorimotor cortex and internal capsule. Meanwhile, diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) showed that TSTT elevated correspondent density and length of fiber in the internal capsule. These MRI measurements were confirmed by histological examinations. Notably, TSTT significantly increased Ki67/NG2, Ki67/CNPase double-labeled cells along the boundary zone of ischemic cortex and striatum. Meanwhile, TSTT treatment up-regulated the phosphorylation level of Ser 9 in GSK-3β, and down-regulated phosphorylated β-catenin and CRMP-2 expression. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings indicated that TSTT (65, 33 mg/kg) enhanced post-stroke functional recovery, amplified endogenous oligodendrogenesis and promoted axonal regeneration. The beneficial role of TSTT might be correlated with GSK-3/β-catenin/CRMP-2 modulating axonal reorganization after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Chang-Yi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jun-Yao Ouyang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Man-Zhong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yu Zhan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xue-Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yun Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Ming-Cong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jian-Feng Lei
- Medical Imaging laboratory of Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Zou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Xin R, Qu D, Su S, Zhao B, Chen D. Downregulation of miR-23b by transcription factor c-Myc alleviates ischemic brain injury by upregulating Nrf2. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3659-3671. [PMID: 34512173 PMCID: PMC8416714 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic brain injury (IBI) is a common acute cerebral vessel disease that occurs secondary to blockage in arteries, mainly characterized by insufficient blood supply to the brain. The transcription factor c-Myc in IBI continues to be implicated in numerous studies. This study was conducted with emphasis placed on the underlying mechanism of c-Myc in IBI. Clinical samples were collected from IBI patients. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced in mice by inserting a suture from the external carotid artery to the anterior cerebral artery through the internal carotid artery to mechanically block the blood supply at the origin of the middle cerebral artery, and cortical neurons from mice were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions for IBI model in vitro construction. RT-qPCR was performed to determine microRNA-23b (miR-23b) expression. TUNEL staining and Western blot analysis was conducted to detect apoptosis. The regulatory relationship was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. After loss- and gain-of-function assays, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was carried out to detect the area of cerebral infarction, after which the spatial memory in mice was evaluated with Morris water maze test. As per our findings, miR-23b was upregulated in the serum of IBI patients and OGD-treated murine primary neurons. Silencing of miR-23b resulted in reduced OGD-induced neuronal apoptosis. miR-23b inversely targeted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and c-Myc negatively regulated miR-23b expression. Overexpression of c-Myc and inhibition of miR-23b led to reduced neurological scores of infarction area, neuronal apoptosis, shortened platform arrival time and significantly increased the time spent on the platform quadrant and the times of crossing the platform in vivo. Collectively, downregulated miR-23b by c-Myc might alleviate IBI by upregulating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xin
- Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
| | - Danhua Qu
- Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Su
- Sinopec Research Institute of Safety Engineering, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Protection, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, P. R. China
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Liu X, Guo H, Wang X, Jiao H, Li L, Zheng J. c-myc protects mice from ischemia stroke through elevating microRNA-200b-5p-regulated SIRT1 expression. Brain Res Bull 2021; 176:76-84. [PMID: 34371139 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE c-myc has been reported to attenuate ischemia stroke (IS). We initiated the research to uncover the molecular mechanism of c-myc with regard to microRNA (miR)-200b-5p/Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) axis. METHODS An IS mouse model was prepared by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Measurements of c-myc, miR-200b-5p and SIRT1 levels in MCAO mice were conducted. c-myc, miR-200b-5p and SIRT1 expression levels in MCAO mice were detected. The neurological function, production of inflammatory cytokines, neuronal apoptosis, brain tissue pathology and neuronal survival of MCAO mice were observed. RESULTS c-myc and SIRT1 levels went downward while miR-200b-5p expression went upward in MCAO mice. Elevation of c-myc or suppression of miR-200b-5p improved neurological function, reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis, and attenuated brain tissue pathology and neuronal survival of MCAO mice. Enhancement of miR-200b-5p or knockdown of SIRT1 weakened c-myc-induced protection against MCAO-induced brain injury in mice. CONCLUSION Overall, c-myc protects mice from IS through elevating miR-200b-5p-targeted SIRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Jiao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiaolin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China.
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Yao X, Yang W, Ren Z, Zhang H, Shi D, Li Y, Yu Z, Guo Q, Yang G, Gu Y, Zhao H, Ren K. Neuroprotective and Angiogenesis Effects of Levetiracetam Following Ischemic Stroke in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:638209. [PMID: 34054520 PMCID: PMC8161206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.638209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study explored whether levetiracetam (LEV) could protect against experimental brain ischemia and enhance angiogenesis in rats, and investigated the potential mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Methods: The middle cerebral artery was occluded for 60 min to induce middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The Morris water maze was used to measure cognitive ability. The rotation test was used to assess locomotor function. T2-weighted MRI was used to assess infarct volume. The neuronal cells in the cortex area were stained with cresyl purple. The anti-inflammatory effects of LEV on microglia were observed by immunohistochemistry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to measure the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Western blotting was used to detect the levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in extracts from the ischemic cortex. Flow cytometry was used to observe the effect of LEV on neuronal cell apoptosis. Results: LEV treatment significantly increased the density of the surviving neurons in the cerebral cortex and reduced the infarct size (17.8 ± 3.3% vs. 12.9 ± 1.4%, p < 0.01) after MCAO. Concurrently, the time required to reach the platform for LEV-treated rats was shorter than that in the saline group on day 11 after MCAO (p < 0.01). LEV treatment prolonged the rotarod retention time on day 14 after MCAO (84.5 ± 6.7 s vs. 59.1 ± 6.2 s on day 14 compared with the saline-treated groups, p < 0.01). It also suppressed the activation of microglia and inhibited TNF-α and Il-1β in the ischemic brain (135.6 ± 5.2 pg/ml vs. 255.3 ± 12.5 pg/ml, 18.5 ± 1.3 pg/ml vs. 38.9 ± 2.3 pg/ml on day 14 compared with the saline-treated groups, p < 0.01). LEV treatment resulted in a significant increase in HIF-1α, VEGF, and HSP70 levels in extracts from the ischemic cerebral cortex. At the same time, LEV reduced neuronal cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by an ischemic stroke (p < 0.01). Conclusion: LEV treatment promoted angiogenesis and functional recovery after cerebral ischemia in rats. These effects seem to be mediated through anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities, as well as inducing the expression of HSP70, VEGF, and HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yao
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenping Yang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhendong Ren
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dafa Shi
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ziyang Yu
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiu Guo
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guangwei Yang
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yingjiang Gu
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hairong Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Effect of Tetramethylpyrazine on Neuroplasticity after Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:1587241. [PMID: 33531914 PMCID: PMC7834793 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1587241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has been widely used in ischemic stroke in China. The regulation of neuroplasticity may underlie the recovery of some neurological functions in ischemic stroke. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established in this study. Rats were divided into three groups: sham group, model group, and TMP group. The neurological function was evaluated using modified neurological severity score (mNSS). Following the neurological function test, expression of synaptophysin (SYP) and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) were analyzed through immunohistochemistry at 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d after MCAO. Finally, the synaptic structural plasticity was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TMP group showed better neurological function comparing to the model group. SYP levels increased gradually in ischemic penumbra (IP) in the model group and could be enhanced by TMP treatment at 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d, whereas GAP-43 levels increased from 3 d to 7 d and thereafter decreased gradually from 14 d to 28 d in the model group, which showed no significant improvement in the TMP group. The results of TEM showed a flatter synaptic interface, a thinner postsynaptic density (PSD), and a wider synaptic cleft in the model group, and the first two alterations could be ameliorated by TMP. Then, a Pearson's correlation test revealed mNSS markedly correlated with SYP and synaptic ultrastructures. Taken together, TMP is capable of promoting functional outcome after ischemic stroke, and the mechanisms may be partially associated with regulation of neuroplasticity.
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Zhang Z, Yu J, Wang P, Lin L, Liu R, Zeng R, Ma H, Zhao Y. iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling reveals protein alterations after traumatic brain injury and supports thyroxine as a potential treatment. Mol Brain 2021; 14:25. [PMID: 33504361 PMCID: PMC7839205 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a primary cause of disability and death across the world. Previously, RNA analysis was widely used to study the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying TBI; however, the relatively low correlation between the transcriptome and proteome revealed that RNA transcription abundance does not reliably predict protein abundance, which led to the emergence of proteomic research. In this study, an iTRAQ proteomics approach was applied to detect protein alterations after TBI on a large scale. A total of 3937 proteins were identified, and 146 proteins were significantly changed after TBI. Moreover, 23 upregulated proteins were verified by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and fold changes in 16 proteins were consistent with iTRAQ outcomes. Transthyretin (Ttr) upregulation has been demonstrated at the transcriptional level, and this study further confirmed this at the protein level. After treatment with thyroxine (T4), which is transported by Ttr, the effects of T4 on neuronal histopathology and behavioral performance were determined in vivo (TBI + T4 group). Brain edema was alleviated, and the integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB) improved. Escape latency in the Morris water maze (MWM) declined significantly compared with the group without T4 treatment. Modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) of the TBI + T4 group decreased from day 1 to day 7 post-TBI compared with the TBI + saline group. These results indicate that T4 treatment has potential to alleviate pathologic and behavioral abnormalities post-TBI. Protein alterations after T4 treatment were also detected by iTRAQ proteomics. Upregulation of proteins like Lgals3, Gfap and Apoe after TBI were reversed by T4 treatment. GO enrichment showed T4 mainly affected intermediate filament organization, cholesterol transportation and axonal regeneration. In summary, iTRAQ proteomics provides information about the impact of TBI on protein alterations and yields insight into underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in TBI and T4 treatment. Finally, Ttr and other proteins identified by iTRAQ may become potential novel treatment targets post-TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Zhang
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Jiangtao Yu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Lian Lin
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Ruining Liu
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Haoli Ma
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China
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Zhao Y, Yang Z, He Y, Sun R, Yuan H. The KATP channel opener, nicorandil, ameliorates brain damage by modulating synaptogenesis after ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246019. [PMID: 33497397 PMCID: PMC7837460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With population growth and aging, more and more patients with cerebral infarction have varying degrees of disability. ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels regulate many cellular functions by coupling metabolic status with cell membrane electrical activity. Nicorandil (N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-nicotinamide nitrate) is the first KATP channel opener approved for clinical use. It has been reported that it might exert protective effects on the cerebral infarction by increasing cerebral blood flow and reducing inflammation. However, only a few studies explored its role in synaptogenesis. We made the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Nicorandil was administered to rats via oral administration immediately after the surgery at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg and then daily for the next days. Infarct volume, cerebral edema, neurological deficits, cognitive impairment, and the level of Synaptophysin (SYP)、Growth associated protein-43 (GAP43) and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) levels were measured to evaluate the effect of nicorandil. Our data showed that nicorandil treatment could decrease brain damage, improve learning and memory, and increase SYP、GAP43 and NeuN level. Taken together, we propose that nicorandil, as an opener of the KATP channel, provides a neuroprotective role in MCAO by promoting synaptic connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhuoying Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanhong He
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruonan Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Heping Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Spontaneous Neuronal Plasticity in the Contralateral Motor Cortex and Corticospinal Tract after Focal Cortical Infarction in Hypertensive Rats. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105235. [PMID: 32992200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the spontaneous neural plasticity on the contralateral side in hypertensive rats, including the expression of nerve growth factors (synaptophysin [SYN] and growth-associated protein 43 [GAP-43]), and the association between nerve fiber sprouting and redistribution, and the recovery of motor functions following sensorimotor cortical infarction. METHODS Initially, Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with renal hypertension by the bilateral renal arteries clips method. Further, they were induced with cerebral ischemia by the middle cerebral artery electrocoagulation method; 70 male rats completed the study. We compared the changes in the corticospinal tract (CST) and the expressions of SYN and GAP-43 on the contralateral side in rats with cerebral infarction using immunohistochemical staining, western blot, and biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) tracing analyses. The recovery of motor function in rats after cortical infarction was evaluated by the foot-fault and beam-walk tests. RESULTS The motor behavior tests revealed that the motor function of rats could recover to various degrees after focal cortical infarction. Compared with the sham-operated group, the SYN and GAP-43 levels increased in the motor cortex of the opposite hemisphere within 28 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The increase in SYN and GAP-43 expressions presented differently in layers Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅴ. The amount of BDA-positive fibers also increased significantly in the denervated cervical spinal gray matter on day 56 post-MCAO. CONCLUSIONS The increases in SYN and GAP-43 on the contralateral side of the motor cortex could promote CST sprouting and rewiring in the spinal cord gray matter and also spontaneous motor function recovery after cortical infarction.
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Yang K, Zhou Y, Zhou L, Yan F, Guan L, Liu H, Liu W. Synaptic Plasticity After Focal Cerebral Ischemia Was Attenuated by Gap26 but Enhanced by GAP-134. Front Neurol 2020; 11:888. [PMID: 32982919 PMCID: PMC7479336 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Synaptic plasticity is critical for neurorehabilitation after focal cerebral ischemia. Connexin 43 (Cx43), the main component of the gap junction, has been shown to be pivotal for synaptic plasticity. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of the Cx43 inhibitor (Gap26) and gap junction modifier (GAP-134) in neurorehabilitation and to study their contribution to synaptic plasticity after focal ischemia. Methods: Time course expression of both total and phosphorylated Cx43 (p-Cx43) were detected by western blotting at 3, 7, and 14 d after focal ischemia. Gap26 and GAP-134 were administered starting from 3 d post focal ischemia. Neurological performances were evaluated by balance beam walking test and Y-maze test at 1, 3, and 7 d. Golgi staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM) detection were conducted at 7 d for observing dendritic spine numbers and synaptic ultrastructure, respectively. Immunofluorescent staining was used at 7 d for detection of synaptic plasticity markers, including synaptophysin (SYN) and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43). Results: Expression levels of both total Cx43 and p-Cx43 were increased after focal cerebral ischemia, peaking at 7 d. Compared with the MCAO group, Gap26 worsened the neurological behavior and decreased the dendritic spine number while GAP-134 improved the neurobehavior and increased the number of dendritic spines. Moreover, Gap26 further destroyed the synaptic structure, concomitant with downregulated SYN and GAP-43, whereas GAP-134 alleviated synaptic destruction and upregulated SYN and GAP-43. Conclusion: These findings suggested that Cx43 or the gap junction was involved in synaptic plasticity, thereby promoting neural recovery after ischemic stroke. Treatments enhancing gap junctions may be potential promising therapeutic measures for neurorehabilitation after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailing Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lequan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuman Yan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Guan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haimei Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Sánchez-Torres S, Díaz-Ruíz A, Ríos C, Olayo MG, Cruz GJ, Olayo R, Morales J, Mondragón-Lozano R, Fabela-Sánchez O, Orozco-Barrios C, Coyoy-Salgado A, Orozco-Suárez S, González-Ruiz C, Álvarez-Mejía L, Morales-Guadarrama A, Buzoianu-Anguiano V, Damián-Matsumura P, Salgado-Ceballos H. Recovery of motor function after traumatic spinal cord injury by using plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine application in combination with a mixed rehabilitation scheme. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:58. [PMID: 32607849 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) can cause paralysis and permanent disability. Rehabilitation (RB) is currently the only accepted treatment, although its beneficial effect is limited. The development of biomaterials has provided therapeutic possibilities for TSCI, where our research group previously showed that the plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine (PPy/I), a biopolymer with different physicochemical characteristics than those of the PPy synthesized by conventional methods, promotes recovery of motor function after TSCI. The present study evaluated if the plasma-synthesized PPy/I applied in combination with RB could increase its beneficial effects and the mechanisms involved. Adult rats with TSCI were divided into no treatment (control); biopolymer (PPy/I); mixed RB by swimming and enriched environment (SW/EE); and combined treatment (PPy/I + SW/EE) groups. Eight weeks after TSCI, the general health of the animals that received any of the treatments was better than the control animals. Functional recovery evaluated by two scales was better and was achieved in less time with the PPy/I + SW/EE combination. All treatments significantly increased βIII-tubulin (nerve plasticity) expression, but only PPy/I increased GAP-43 (nerve regeneration) and MBP (myelination) expression when were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of GFAP (glial scar) decreased in treated groups when determined by histochemistry, while morphometric analysis showed that tissue was better preserved when PPy/I and PPy/I + SW/EE were administered. The application of PPy/I + SW/EE, promotes the preservation of nervous tissue, and the expression of molecules related to plasticity as βIII-tubulin, reduces the glial scar, improves general health and allows the recovery of motor function after TSCI. The implant of the biomaterial polypyrrole/iodine (PPy/I) synthesized by plasma (an unconventional synthesis method), in combination with a mixed rehabilitation scheme with swimming and enriched environment applied after a traumatic spinal cord injury, promotes expression of GAP-43 and βIII-tubulin (molecules related to plasticity and nerve regeneration) and reduces the expression of GFAP (molecule related to the formation of the glial scar). Both effects together allow the formation of nerve fibers, the reconnection of the spinal cord in the area of injury and the recovery of lost motor function. The figure shows the colocalization (yellow) of βIII-tubilin (red) and GAP-43 (green) in fibers crossing the epicenter of the injury (arrowheads) that reconnect the rostral and caudal ends of the injured spinal cord and allowed recovery of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Sánchez-Torres
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
- Doctorate in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
| | - Araceli Díaz-Ruíz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A, Mexico city, CP, 14269, Mexico
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A, Mexico city, CP, 14269, Mexico
| | - María G Olayo
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera Mexico-Toluca, km 36.5, Ocoyoacac, State of Mexico, CP, 52750, Mexico
| | - Guillermo J Cruz
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera Mexico-Toluca, km 36.5, Ocoyoacac, State of Mexico, CP, 52750, Mexico
| | - Roberto Olayo
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
| | - Juan Morales
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Mondragón-Lozano
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Fabela-Sánchez
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, San Rafael Atlixco 186, 09340, Iztapalapa, CDMX, México
- Catedrático CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna H. No. 140, San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo, Coahuila, 25294, México
| | - Carlos Orozco-Barrios
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Coyoy-Salgado
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Orozco-Suárez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
| | - Cristian González-Ruiz
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- Escuela Superior de Medicina-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Álvarez-Mejía
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Carretera Mexico-Toluca, km 36.5, Ocoyoacac, State of Mexico, CP, 52750, Mexico
| | | | - Vinnitsa Buzoianu-Anguiano
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México
| | - Pablo Damián-Matsumura
- Doctorate in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Mexico City, CP, 09340, Mexico
| | - Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, México City, CP, 06720, México.
- Proyecto Camina A.C. Research Center, Mexico City, CP, 14050, Mexico.
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Predictive Potential of Circulating Ube2h mRNA as an E2 Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme for Diagnosis or Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093398. [PMID: 32403399 PMCID: PMC7246987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are caused by neuronal cell death, miscommunications between synapse, and abnormal accumulations of proteins in the brain. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the age-related disorders, which are the most common degenerative disorders today, and strongly affects memory consolidation and cognitive function in the brain. Amyloid-β and tau proteins are triggers for AD pathogenesis, and usually used as AD candidate biomarkers in the clinical research. Especially, clinical exam, brain imaging and molecular biological methods are being used to diagnosis for AD. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a new biomedical method, and its use contributes to understanding many human diseases, including brain diseases. Here, we identified ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 (Ube2) gene expression in neurons through GWAS. The subfamilies of Ube2’s genetic expression and inborn errors affect the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), leading to protein degradation in the brain. We found that only Ube2h mRNA transcription was significantly increased in the blood from AD, however we did not find any change of Ube2 subfamily genes’ expression in the blood and brain tissue. These data may provide information for diagnosis or clinical approach, and suggest that cell-free circulating Ube2h mRNA is a novel potential biomarker for AD.
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Zhao J, Wang T, Lv Q, Zhou N. Expression of heat shock protein 70 and Annexin A1 in serum of patients with acutely severe traumatic brain injury. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:1896-1902. [PMID: 32104246 PMCID: PMC7026958 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trends of early expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and Annexin A1 (ANXA1) in serum of patients with acutely severe traumatic brain injury and the effects on clinical prognosis were investigated. Eighty-four patients with severe traumatic brain injury admitted to Binzhou Center Hospital from June 2014 to July 2017 were selected as the experimental group. Glasgow coma scale and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score were obtained after admission. A further 75 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. Serum expression of Hsp70 and ANXA1 in the two groups was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th day after admission. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of Hsp70 and ANXA1 for the death of patients with acutely severe traumatic brain injury. Compared with the control group, expression of Hsp70 in the experimental group was significantly increased on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th day after admission (P<0.05), while expression of ANXA1 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Expression levels of serum Hsp70 in the experimental group reached the peak on the 3rd day after admission, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the 1st, 2nd and 4th day (P<0.05). Expression of ANXA1 was the lowest on the 3rd day, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the 1st, 2nd and 4th day (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum Hsp70 and ANXA1 was, respectively, 0.721 (95% CI: 0.611-0.829) and 0.684 (95% CI: 0.569-0.799). In conclusion, Hsp70 and ANXA1 may be involved in the occurrence and progression of acutely severe traumatic brain injury. The detection of serum Hsp70 and ANXA1 has certain diagnostic value for the death of patients with acutely severe traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Center Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 251700, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Qiming Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Health Care, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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Oxymatrine protects neonatal rat against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. Life Sci 2019; 254:116444. [PMID: 31102745 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study we aimed to explore the specific effect and mechanism of oxymatrine on neonatal rats hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypoxia-ischemia damage model was built by ligaturing the left common carotid artery in 7-day-old rat. Rat pups in OMT group received intraperitoneal injection with oxymatrine (120 mg/kg). Oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion model was created in hippocampal neurons. Neurological behavioral, histopathological alteration, cell viability, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, MMP and cell apoptosis were used in damage evaluation. KEY FINDINGS The results shown that oxymatrine regulated brain damage and cell apoptosis by controlling NR2B-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is a destructive injury that leading to death and detrimental neurological deficits. Oxymatrine is a natural alkaloid compound that can alleviate the ischemic cerebral infarction. In the study, 120 mg/kg oxymatrine decreased neuroethology damage and neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus CA3. Moreover, 0.2, 1, 5 μg/ml oxymatrine improved cell survival, decreased cell apoptosis. The utilization of LY293004 (PI3K signaling pathway inhibitor) also supported that oxymatrine ameliorated neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and cell injury by controlling NR2B-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway.
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