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Yamada Y, Sato T, Oda H, Harada N, Yoshizawa A, Nishikawa S, Kayawake H, Tanaka S, Yutaka Y, Hamaji M, Nakajima D, Ohsumi A, Date H. Favorable effect of CD26/DPP-4 inhibitors on postoperative outcomes after lung transplantation: A propensity-weighted analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2024; 43:66-76. [PMID: 37634575 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have shown the efficacy of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (CD26/DPP-4) inhibitors, antidiabetic agents, in allograft protection after experimental lung transplantation (LTx). We aimed to elucidate whether CD26/DPP-4 inhibitors effectively improve postoperative outcomes after clinical LTx. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients undergoing LTx at our institution between 2010 and 2021 and extracted records of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) at 6 months post-LTx. The patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. We established 6 months post-LTx as the landmark point for predicting overall survival (OS) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD)-free survival. Hazard ratios were estimated by Cox regression after propensity score weighting, using CD26/DPP-4 inhibitor treatment up to 6 months post-LTx as the exposure variable. We evaluated CLAD samples pathologically, including for CD26/DPP-4 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Of 102 LTx patients with DM, 29 and 73 were treated with and without CD26/DPP-4 inhibitors, respectively. Based on propensity score adjustment using standardized mortality ratio weighting, the 5-year OS rates were 77.0% and 44.3%, and the 5-year CLAD-free survival rates 77.8% and 49.1%, in patients treated with and without CD26/DPP-4 inhibitors, respectively. The hazard ratio for CD26/DPP-4 inhibitor use was 0.34 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-0.82, p = 0.017) for OS and 0.47 (95% CI 0.22-1.01, p = 0.054) for CLAD-free survival. We detected CD26/DPP-4 expression in the CLAD grafts of patients without CD26/DPP-4 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Analysis using propensity score weighting showed that CD26/DPP-4 inhibitors positively affected the postoperative prognosis of LTx patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Yamada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tosiya Sato
- Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Oda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeto Nishikawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidenao Kayawake
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satona Tanaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yojiro Yutaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hamaji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohsumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamada Y, Sato T, Harada N, Kayawake H, Tanaka S, Yutaka Y, Hamaji M, Nakajima D, Ohsumi A, Date H. Perioperative diabetes mellitus affects the outcomes of lung transplant recipients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 62:6604741. [PMID: 35678573 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezac344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying the risks for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation (LTx) is beneficial to the patient. We hypothesized that diabetes mellitus (DM) is relevant to CLAD development. Our study aimed to clarify if DM is a risk for poor post-LTx outcomes. METHODS The records of patients first undergoing LTx in our institution between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. We established 6 months post-LTx as the landmark point for predicting overall survival (OS) and CLAD development. To identify perioperative DM, we evaluated the patient for DM at 6 months post-LTx. RESULTS A total of 172 patients were investigated. DM and CLAD occurred in 76 and 39 patients, respectively, and 40 died. At 6 months post-LTx, the unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of DM for OS were 3.36 (95% confidence interval [CI95%] = [1.67-6.73]) and 2.78 (CI95% = [1.35-5.75]), respectively. The unadjusted and adjusted HRs of DM for CLAD-free survival were 2.20 (CI95% = [1.27-3.80]) and 2.15 (CI95% = [1.24-3.74]). The patients with DM were older and had a higher body mass index and more incidents of post-LTx malignant disease than the non-DM patients. The five-year OS and CLAD-free survival rates of the patients with or without DM were 57.2% vs 86.5% and 50.1% vs 72.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative DM was identified as an independent adverse factor for OS and CLAD-free survival. Perioperative management of DM should be emphasized in the clinical setting of lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Yamada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tosiya Sato
- Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidenao Kayawake
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satona Tanaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yojiro Yutaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hamaji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohsumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Gao Q, Zhang W, Li T, Yang G, Zhu W, Chen N, Jin H. Interrelationship between 2019-nCov receptor DPP4 and diabetes mellitus targets based on protein interaction network. Sci Rep 2022; 12:188. [PMID: 34996987 PMCID: PMC8741798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes are more likely to be infected with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the risk of death is significantly higher than ordinary patients. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is one of the functional receptor of human coronavirus. Exploring the relationship between diabetes mellitus targets and DPP4 is particularly important for the management of patients with diabetes and COVID-19. We intend to study the protein interaction through the protein interaction network in order to find a new clue for the management of patients with diabetes with COVID-19. Diabetes mellitus targets were obtained from GeneCards database. Targets with a relevance score exceeding 20 were included, and DPP4 protein was added manually. The initial protein interaction network was obtained through String. The targets directly related to DPP4 were selected as the final analysis targets. Importing them into String again to obtain the protein interaction network. Module identification, gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were carried out respectively. The impact of DPP4 on the whole network was analyzed by scoring the module where it located. 43 DPP4-related proteins were finally selected from the diabetes mellitus targets and three functional modules were found by the cluster analysis. Module 1 was involved in insulin secretion and glucagon signaling pathway, module 2 and module 3 were involved in signaling receptor binding. The scoring results showed that LEP and apoB in module 1 were the highest, and the scores of INS, IL6 and ALB of cross module associated proteins of module 1 were the highest. DPP4 is widely associated with key proteins in diabetes mellitus. COVID-19 may affect DPP4 in patients with diabetes mellitus, leading to high mortality of diabetes mellitus combined with COVID-19. DPP4 inhibitors and IL-6 antagonists can be considered to reduce the effect of COVID-19 infection on patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guojun Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China
| | - Naijun Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huawei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Endocrine and Metabolism Department, Zhejiang, China
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Torrecillas-Baena B, Gálvez-Moreno MÁ, Quesada-Gómez JM, Dorado G, Casado-Díaz A. Influence of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4) on Mesenchymal Stem-Cell (MSC) Biology: Implications for Regenerative Medicine - Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:56-76. [PMID: 34677817 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) is a ubiquitous protease that can be found in membrane-anchored or soluble form. Incretins are one of the main DPP4 substrates. These hormones regulate glucose levels, by stimulating insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon production. Because DPP4 levels are high in diabetes, DPP4 inhibitor (DPP4i) drugs derived from gliptin are widespread used as hypoglycemic agents for its treatment. However, as DPP4 recognizes other substrates such as chemokines, growth factors and neuropeptides, pleiotropic effects have been observed in patients treated with DPP4i. Several of these substrates are part of the stem-cell niche. Thus, they may affect different physiological aspects of mesenchymal stem-cells (MSC). They include viability, differentiation, mobilization and immune response. MSC are involved in tissue homeostasis and regeneration under both physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, such cells and their secretomes have a high clinical potential in regenerative medicine. In this context, DPP4 activity may modulate different aspects of MSC regenerative capacity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze the effect of different DPP4 substrates on MSC. Likewise, how the regulation of DPP4 activity by DPP4i can be applied in regenerative medicine. That includes treatment of cardiovascular and bone pathologies, cutaneous ulcers, organ transplantation and pancreatic beta-cell regeneration, among others. Thus, DPP4i has an important clinical potential as a complement to therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. They involve enhancing the differentiation, immunomodulation and mobilization capacity of MSC for regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Torrecillas-Baena
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición - GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, CIBERFES, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Gálvez-Moreno
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición - GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, CIBERFES, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Manuel Quesada-Gómez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición - GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, CIBERFES, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gabriel Dorado
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, CIBERFES, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Casado-Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición - GC17, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, CIBERFES, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
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Kong L, Deng J, Zhou X, Cai B, Zhang B, Chen X, Chen Z, Wang W. Sitagliptin activates the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway to alleviate oxidative stress and excessive autophagy in severe acute pancreatitis-related acute lung injury. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:928. [PMID: 34635643 PMCID: PMC8505515 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Sitagliptin (SIT) is a DPP4 inhibitor that exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; however, its mechanism of action in SAP-ALI remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of SIT on SAP-ALI and the specific pathways involved in SAP-induced lung inflammation, including oxidative stress, autophagy, and p62-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathways. Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice were pre-treated with SIT (100 mg/kg), followed by caerulein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration to induce pancreatic and lung injury. BEAS-2B cells were transfected with siRNA-Nrf2 and treated with LPS, and the changes in inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and autophagy were measured. SIT reduced histological damage, oedema, and myeloperoxidase activity in the lung, decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibited excessive autophagy and ROS production via the activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway and promotion of the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. In Nrf2-knockout mice, the anti-inflammatory effect of SIT was reduced, resulting in ROS accumulation and excessive autophagy. In BEAS-2B cells, LPS induced ROS production and activated autophagy, further enhanced by Nrf2 knockdown. This study demonstrates that SIT reduces SAP-ALI-associated oxidative stress and excessive autophagy through the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, suggesting its therapeutic potential in SAP-ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingming Kong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binbin Cai
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baofu Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zongjing Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Xiong R, Jiang W, Li N, Liu B, He R, Wang B, Geng Q. PM2.5-induced lung injury is attenuated in macrophage-specific NLRP3 deficient mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112433. [PMID: 34146983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the most important components of environmental pollutants and is associated with lung injury. Pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death mainly mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome, has been reported to be involved in sepsis-induced or ischemia/reperfusion-induced lung injury. However, the specific mechanisms of pyroptosis in PM2.5-induced lung injury are not yet clear. We constructed macrophage-specific NLRP3 knockout mice to explore the mechanism of PM2.5-induced lung injury in terms of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis levels, including the relationship between these effects and pyroptosis. The results disclosed that PM2.5 exposure increased the infiltration of macrophages and leukocytes and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, in lung tissue. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT, significantly decreased, while MDA, the end product of lipid oxidation, remarkably increased. The level of apoptosis in lung tissue, measured by the TUNEL assay and apoptosis-related proteins (BAX and BCL-2), was significantly increased. Macrophage-specific NLRP3 knockout could offset these effects. We further observed that PM2.5 treatment activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequently induced pyroptosis, as evidenced by the increased production of IL-1β and IL-18 and the increase of the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and GSDMD, which were inhibited when NLRP3 was knocked out in macrophages. Taken together, these results revealed that NLRP3-mediated macrophage pyroptosis promoted PM2.5-induced lung injury through aggravating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Targeting the inhibition of NLRP3-mediated macrophage pyroptosis provides a new way to study lung injury induced by the exposure to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bohao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruyuan He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Jungraithmayr W, Yamada Y, Haberecker M, Breuer E, Schuurmans M, Dubs L, Itani S, Janker F, Weder W, Schmitt-Opitz I, Jang JH. CD26 as a target against fibrous formation in chronic airway rejection lesions. Life Sci 2021; 278:119496. [PMID: 33894269 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation (Tx) is the clinical result of chronic airway rejection lesions (CARL), histomorphologically described as either obliterative remodeling of small airways or alveolar fibroelastosis, or as a combination of both. We here investigated the CD26-inhibitory effect on CD26-expressing CARL. MAIN METHODS CARL were induced by BALB/c → C57BL/6 mouse Tx under mild immunosuppression. CARL-related pro-fibrotic mediators were determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting (WB), EMT and ERK markers by WB. CD26 co-expression by immunofluorescence. CD26 was inhibited by Vildagliptin, gene depleted by CD26-/- mice. Primary lung fibroblasts were employed for ex vivo analyses. Samples from lung transplant patients with CLAD were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS CARL revealed a significantly higher expression of profibrotic proteins vs. normal lungs (p < 0.05). CD26 and EMT co-expressed in CARL with significantly higher Vimentin, Slug, Hif-1α, α-SMA expression vs. normal lungs (p < 0.05). Vildagliptin decreased the expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin in wild type (WT) lung fibroblasts (p < 0.05). Primary lung fibroblasts from WT and CD26-/- mice treated with TGF-β1, IFN-γ, and FGF showed a reduction of EMT protein expression, proliferation, and reduced activation of ERK in CD26-/- mice vs. WT mice. CD26-positive cells were found in patient samples with CLAD in areas of loose fibrosis, but not in areas of dense fibrosis. SIGNIFICANCE CD26 is expressed in CARL-developing lung transplants and CD26-inhibition downregulates fibrosis-forming mediators and fibroblast proliferation. CD26 thus qualifies as a target to attenuate the development of CARL mainly via modulation of ERK and the EMT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Jungraithmayr
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Yoshito Yamada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Martina Haberecker
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Breuer
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Macé Schuurmans
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linus Dubs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Saria Itani
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Janker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Weder
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jae-Hwi Jang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schmid F, Mayer C, Büttner-Herold M, von Hörsten S, Amann K, Daniel C. CD161a-positive natural killer (NK) cells and α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts were upregulated by extrarenal DPP4 in a rat model of acute renal rejection. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 173:108691. [PMID: 33549675 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Systemic inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) showed a protective effect in several transplant models. Here we assessed the specific role of extrarenal DPP4 in renal transplant rejection. METHODS Kidneys from wildtype (wt) F344 rats were either transplanted in wt Dark Agouti or congenic rats not expressing DPP4. The remaining, not transplanted donor kidney served as healthy controls. To investigate early inflammatory events rats were sacrificed 3 days after transplantation and kidneys were evaluated for inflammatory cells, capillary rarefaction, proliferation, apoptosis and myofibroblasts by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Capillary ERG-1-positive endothelial cells were significantly more abundant in renal cortex when transplanted into DPP4 deficient compared to wt recipients. In contrast, TGF-ß and myofibroblasts were reduced by more than 25% in kidneys transplanted into DPP4 deficient compared to wt recipients. Numbers of CD161a-positive NK-cells were significantly lower in allografts in DPP4 deficient compared to wt recipients. Numbers of all other investigated immune cells were not affected by the lack of extrarenal DPP4. CONCLUSION In early transplant rejection extrarenal DPP4 is involved in the recruitment of NK-cells and early fibrosis. Beneficial effects were less pronounced than reported for systemic DPP4 inhibition, indicating that renal DPP4 is an important player in transplantation-mediated injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Schmid
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Mayer
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maike Büttner-Herold
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan von Hörsten
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Liu Y, Qi Y. Vildagliptin, a CD26/DPP4 inhibitor, ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via regulating the extracellular matrix. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106774. [PMID: 32731178 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a debilitating lung disease. CD26/DPP4 plays promotive roles in pulmonary damage and fibrosis. This study aimed to explore the roles of vildagliptin in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and to address its ameliorative effect on the extracellular matrix (ECM). METHODS Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mice models were induced by intratracheal injection of bleomycin. DPP4 activity was evaluated, and the fibrosis was investigated by Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome staining and hydroxyproline assay. Expression of extracellular matrix proteins including α-SMA, collagen IV, collagen I, FN and TGF-β were analyzed by immunochemistry and western blot. Percentages of the numbers of monocytes, leukocytes, basophils and lymphocytes were classified, and inflammatory factors in plasma as well as lung tissues were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. The influences of vildagliptin on TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation, differentiation and inflammatory factors in MRC-5 cells were detected. RESULTS Vildagliptin effectively attenuated inflammation and fibrosis in bleomycin-induced pulmonary tissue via inhibiting the activity of CD26/DPP4. extracellular matrix proteins were suppressed by vildagliptin. Thus, lung tissue fibrosis was efficiently alleviated by vildagliptin. CONCLUSION As an inhibitor of CD26/DPP4, Vildagliptin could be a promising therapeutic candidate for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Medical College of Pingdingshan University, Chongwen Road, Xinhua District, Pingdingshan City, Henan 467000, China
| | - Yongchao Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (907 Inpatient Ward), Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China.
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Neuhaus M, Munder A, Schipke J, Schmiedl A. Lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a CD26/DPP4 deficient F344 rat model. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:529-544. [PMID: 31089745 PMCID: PMC7079754 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is the most important opportunistic pathogen in causing nosocomial infections and, furthermore, poses a permanent threat for severe chronic infections in patients with cystic fibrosis or COPD. The transmembrane protein CD26 with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) activity shows an increased expression in inflamed tissue. We tested whether CD26/DPP4 deficiency leads to reduced inflammation and decreased structural damage when infected with PA. Methods CD26/DPP4+ and CD26/DPP4− rats were instilled intratracheally with NaCl (controls) or with PA. Six hours later, bacterial distribution was detected with the in vivo imaging system 200 (IVIS). Lungs were then processed for molecular biology, light and electron microscopy and analyzed qualitatively, quantitatively and stereologically. Bacterial numbers were determined in homogenized lungs. Results Compared to saline treated controls, in both infected groups (1) the acinar airspace was significantly increased, (2) the volume density of the alveolar epithelium was significantly decreased, (3) the septal thickness was significantly reduced, (4) more than 40% of the alveolar epithelial surface was damaged, and up to 36% of the epithelial surface was covered with edema. In infected CD26− rats, the increase in lung weight was significantly less pronounced, the portion of edematous alveolar airspace was significantly lower and the part of edema interspersed with PA was decreased significantly. Conclusions CD26/DPP4 deficiency resulted in reduced pulmonary edema under sublethal PA infection, implicating a role for CD26 in infection progression. The partly pronounced structural damage may mask further possible influences of CD26 on the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Neuhaus
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Munder
- Clinic of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Schmiedl
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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The Amide Local Anesthetic Ropivacaine Attenuates Acute Rejection After Allogeneic Mouse Lung Transplantation. Lung 2019; 197:217-226. [DOI: 10.1007/s00408-019-00197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Vildagliptin Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via the TLR4/NF- κB Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3509091. [PMID: 30405876 PMCID: PMC6204182 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3509091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway is vital in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HIR) injury. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors exert protective effects on IR injury of the kidney, heart, and lung; however, their effect on the liver is still unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether pretreatment with vildagliptin (Vilda), a DPP4 inhibitor, produces hepatic protection against IR injury and to investigate its influence on TLR4/NF-κB signaling in a rat model. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: the sham group: subjected to a sham operation and received normal saline; the HIR group: subjected to HIR and received normal saline; and the Vilda + HIR group: subjected to HIR with pretreatment of 10 mg/kg/day Vilda for 10 days intraperitoneally. Hepatic ischemia lasted for 45 minutes followed by 3-hour reperfusion; then blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological examination. The HIR group produced a significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels and a significant reduction in the hepatic catalase level in comparison to the sham group. Moreover, a significant upregulation of gene and protein expressions of TLR4, NF-κB, and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) along with caspase-3 protein expression was observed in the HIR group when compared with the sham group. Histopathological examination of the liver from the HIR group showed necrosis, sinusoidal congestion, hemorrhage, and hepatocyte degeneration. Administration of Vilda ameliorated the biochemical and histopathological changes caused by HIR. Vildagliptin showed for the first time a hepatoprotective effect in HIR injury through downregulation of TLR4/NF-κB/HMGB1 and caspase-3 hepatic expressions.
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Tian Y, Charles EJ, Yan Z, Wu D, French BA, Kron IL, Yang Z. The myocardial infarct-exacerbating effect of cell-free DNA is mediated by the high-mobility group box 1-receptor for advanced glycation end products-Toll-like receptor 9 pathway. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 157:2256-2269.e3. [PMID: 30401529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Damage-associated molecular patterns, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA), play critical roles in mediating ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). HMGB1 activates RAGE to exacerbate IRI, but the mechanism underlying cfDNA-induced myocardial IRI remains unknown. We hypothesized that the infarct-exacerbating effect of cfDNA is mediated by HMGB1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). METHODS C57BL/6 wild type mice, RAGE knockout (KO), and Toll-like receptor 9 KO mice underwent 20- or 40-minute occlusions of the left coronary artery followed by up to 60 minutes of reperfusion. Cardiac coronary perfusate was acquired from ischemic hearts without reperfusion. Exogenous mitochondrial DNA was acquired from livers of normal C57BL/6 mice. Myocardial infarct size (IS) was reported as percent risk region, as measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and Phthalo blue (Heucotech, Fairless Hill, Pa) staining. cfDNA levels were measured by Sytox Green assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Mass) and/or spectrophotometer. RESULTS Free HMGB1 and cfDNA levels were increased in the ischemic myocardium during prolonged ischemia and subsequently in the plasma during reperfusion. In C57BL/6 mice undergoing 40'/60' IRI, deoxyribonuclease I, or anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody reduced IS by approximately half to 29.0% ± 5.2% and 24.3% ± 3.5% (P < .05 vs control 54.3% ± 3.4%). However, combined treatment with deoxyribonuclease I + anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody did not further attenuate IS (29.3% ± 4.9%). In C57BL/6 mice undergoing 20'/60' IRI, injection of 40'/5' plasma upon reperfusion increased IS by more than 3-fold (to 19.9 ± 4.3; P < .05). This IS exacerbation was abolished by pretreating the plasma with deoxyribonuclease I or by depleting the HMGB1 by immunoprecipitation, or by splenectomy. The infarct-exacerbating effect also disappeared in RAGE KO mice and Toll-like receptor 9 KO mice. Injection of 40'/0' coronary perfusate upon reperfusion similarly increased IS. The levels of HMGB1 and cfDNA were significantly elevated in the 40'/0' coronary perfusate and 40'/reperfusion (min) plasma but not in those with 10' ischemia. In C57BL/6 mice without IRI, 40'/5' plasma significantly increased the interleukin-1β protein and messenger RNA expression in the spleen by 30 minutes after injection. Intravenous bolus injection of recombinant HMGB1 (0.1 μg/g) or mitochondrial DNA (0.5 μg/g) 5 minutes before reperfusion did not exacerbate IS (P = not significant vs control). However, combined administration of recombinant HMGB1 + mitochondrial DNA significantly increased IS (P < .05 vs individual treated groups) and this infarct-exacerbating effect disappeared in RAGE KO mice and splenectomized C57BL/6 mice. The accumulation of cfDNA in the spleen after combined recombinant HMGB1 + mitochondrial DNA treatment was significantly more elevated in C57BL/6 mice than in RAGE KO mice. CONCLUSIONS Both HMGB1 and cfDNA are released from the heart upon reperfusion after prolonged ischemia and both contribute importantly and interdependently to post-IRI by a common RAGE-Toll-like receptor 9-dependent mechanism. Depleting either of these 2 damage-associated molecular patterns suffices to significantly reduce IS by approximately 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikui Tian
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Eric J Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Brent A French
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Irving L Kron
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Zequan Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.
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Single-agent management of diabetes and ischemia reperfusion injury. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017; 153:711-712. [PMID: 28065431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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