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Moheet IA, Luddin N, Ab Rahman I, Masudi SM, Kannan TP, Nik Abd Ghani NR. Analysis of Ionic-Exchange of Selected Elements between Novel Nano-Hydroxyapatite-Silica Added Glass Ionomer Cement and Natural Teeth. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203504. [PMID: 34685263 PMCID: PMC8537145 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the foremost missions in restorative dentistry is to discover a suitable material that can substitute lost and damaged tooth structure. To this date, most of the restorative materials utilized in dentistry are bio-inert. It is predicted that the addition of nano-HA-SiO2 to GIC matrix could produce a material with better ion-exchange between the restorative material and natural teeth. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to synthesize and investigate the transfer of specific elements (calcium, phosphorus, fluoride, silica, strontium, and alumina) between nano-hydroxyapatite-silica added GIC (nano-HA-SiO2-GIC) and human enamel and dentine. The novel nano-hydroxyapatite-silica (nano-HA-SiO2) was synthesized using one-pot sol-gel method and added to cGIC. Semi-quantitative energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was carried out to determine the elemental distribution of fluorine, silicon, phosphorus, calcium, strontium, and aluminum. Semi-quantitative energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed by collecting line-scans and dot-scans. The results of the current study seem to confirm the ionic exchange between nano-HA-SiO2-GIC and natural teeth, leading to the conclusion that increased remineralization may be possible with nano-HA-SiO2-GIC as compared to cGIC (Fuji IX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Alam Moheet
- Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, Karachi 75340, Pakistan;
| | - Norhayati Luddin
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (I.A.R.); (T.P.K.); (N.R.N.A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-199-381-138
| | - Ismail Ab Rahman
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (I.A.R.); (T.P.K.); (N.R.N.A.G.)
| | - Sam’an Malik Masudi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (I.A.R.); (T.P.K.); (N.R.N.A.G.)
| | - Nik Rozainah Nik Abd Ghani
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (I.A.R.); (T.P.K.); (N.R.N.A.G.)
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Poletto AC, Singi P, Barri RM, Casanova AA, Garbelini CCD, Silva CCD, Venancio EJ. Relationship of levels of trace elements in saliva and dental caries in preschool children using total reflection X-ray fluorescence technique (TXRF) ⋆. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 63:126663. [PMID: 33069944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering that studies on the relationship between dental caries and trace elements present contradictory and inconclusive results, the purpose of this study was to determine the levels of salivary trace elements in saliva samples of preschool children and investigate their relationship with dental caries. METHODS In total, 120 samples of unstimulated saliva were collected from children aged 36-72 months, of both sexes, who participate in the preventative educational program in oral health at the State University of Londrina, Brazil. The children were divided into two groups, caries (n = 60) and non-caries (n = 60). Levels of Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were analyzed by total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). Descriptive statistics, the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson's Chi-squared test were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS The concentrations of Mn and Fe were significantly higher in the caries group (Mn =0.015 mg/L [0.007-0.020]; Fe =0.080 mg/L [0.031-0.239] than the non-caries group (Mn =0.010 mg/L [0.001 - 0.017]; Fe =0.044 mg/L [0.023 - 0.107]). CONCLUSION The results suggest a relationship between trace elements and dental caries, indicating possible involvement of these elements in the metabolism of microorganisms involved in the carious process. In addition, the use of TXRF presented satisfactory results, with a simple and fast methodology for the detection of the studied elements.
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Preventive effects of iontophoresis on bovine enamel decalcification through enhancing uptake and transportation of fluoride - in vitro study. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Guede I, Zuluaga MC, Ortega LA, Alonso-Olazabal A, Murelaga X, Pina M, Gutierrez FJ. Analyses of human dentine and tooth enamel by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to study the diet of medieval Muslim individuals from Tauste (Spain). Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Das B, Muthu MS, Farzan JM. Comparison of the chemical composition of normal enamel from exfoliated primary teeth and teeth affected with early childhood caries: an in vitro study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2016; 26:20-5. [PMID: 25604081 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of enamel from teeth with early childhood caries (unaffected fragments) and from healthy primary teeth. DESIGN Forty exfoliated primary teeth (Group I) and 40 teeth affected with ECC (Group II) were collected. Unaffected enamel from the ECC group was sampled. Elemental analysis was carried out with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), following which the same tooth samples were subjected to amino acid analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed in the percentage of phosphorus (P) and the Ca/P ratios between the two groups in the elemental analysis. Amino acid analysis revealed no significant difference in the amino acid profile and the quantity of amino acid or protein content between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study showed significant differences in the P content and Ca/P ratio between the enamel from teeth with ECC and in that from healthy primary teeth. These findings indicate that differences in the composition of enamel could be a risk factor for ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Das
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Murugan Satta Muthu
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
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Kravchenko J, Rango T, Akushevich I, Atlaw B, McCornick PG, Merola RB, Paul C, Weinthal E, Harrison C, Vengosh A, Jeuland M. The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 488-489:595-606. [PMID: 24462132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Elevated level of fluoride (F(-)) in drinking water is a well-recognized risk factor of dental fluorosis (DF). While considering optimization of region-specific standards for F(-), it is reasonable, however, to consider how local diet, water sourcing practices, and non-F(-) elements in water may be related to health outcomes. In this study, we hypothesized that non-F(-) elements in groundwater and lifestyle and demographic characteristics may be independent predictors or modifiers of the effects of F(-) on teeth. Dental examinations were conducted among 1094 inhabitants from 399 randomly-selected households of 20 rural communities of the Ziway-Shala lake basin of the Main Ethiopian Rift. DF severity was evaluated using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI). Household surveys were performed and water samples were collected from community water sources. To consider interrelations between the teeth within individual (in terms of DF severity) and between F(-) and non-F(-) elements in groundwater, the statistical methods of regression analysis, mixed models, and principal component analysis were used. About 90% of study participants consumed water from wells with F(-) levels above the WHO recommended standard of 1.5mg/l. More than 62% of the study population had DF. F(-) levels were a major factor associated with DF. Age, sex, and milk consumption (both cow's and breastfed) were also statistically significantly (p<0.05) associated with DF severity; these associations appear both independently and as modifiers of those identified between F(-) concentration and DF severity. Among 35 examined elements in groundwater, Ca, Al, Cu, and Rb were found to be significantly correlated with dental health outcomes among the residents exposed to water with excessive F(-) concentrations. Quantitative estimates obtained in our study can be used to explore new water treatment strategies, water safety and quality regulations, and lifestyle recommendations which may be more appropriate for this highly populated region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kravchenko
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Science, DUMC, Box #3850, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
| | - Tewodros Rango
- Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Box #90227, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Igor Akushevich
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Duke University, Box #900408, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Behailu Atlaw
- Jimma University, College of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Ethiopia
| | - Peter G McCornick
- International Water Management Institute, PO Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - R Brittany Merola
- Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Box #90227, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Christopher Paul
- Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Box #90227, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Erika Weinthal
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Box #90328, A135 LSRC, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Courtney Harrison
- Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, Duke University, Box #90335, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Box #90227, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Marc Jeuland
- Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Box #90239, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Box #90239, Durham, NC 27708, United States
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Enomoto A, Tanaka T, Kawagishi S, Nakashima H, Watanabe K, Maki K. Amounts of Sr and Ca eluted from deciduous enamel to artificial saliva related to dental caries. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 148:170-7. [PMID: 22391794 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to elucidate the relationship between dental caries and the levels of Sr and Ca eluted from enamel, and to examine whether these elements are useful as factors to assess caries risk. The available 103 (Sr) and 108 (Ca) samples were obtained among 111 collected deciduous teeth. The healthy regions of enamel were decalcified in artificial saliva at pH 6.2 and 5.5. The eluted levels of these elements from enamel were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Sr and Ca levels were not affected by the sex nor tooth type. Sr levels of the caries-experienced tooth (CE) group were 2.6-fold (pH 6.2) and 2.2-fold (pH 5.5) higher than those of the sound tooth (ST) group, respectively. Furthermore, the Sr levels were significantly higher in the teeth with treated than in those with untreated caries. Only at pH 6.2 was a significant difference found in Ca levels between the ST and CE groups. In the ST group, at pH 5.5, both the Sr and Ca levels significantly increased when the children had six or more carious teeth. The Sr and Ca elution levels were significantly inhibited in the teeth receiving fluoride application every 3 or 4 months compared to those that were not. These findings indicate that Sr can be an indicator of the acid resistance of teeth, and a useful factor to assess future caries risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Enomoto
- Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Department of Growth and Development of Functions, Kyushu Dental College, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu City 803-8580, Japan
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Watanabe K, Tanaka T, Shigemi T, Saeki K, Fujita Y, Morikawa K, Nakashima H, Takahashi S, Watanabe S, Maki K. Al and Fe levels in mixed saliva of children related to elution behavior from teeth and restorations. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2011; 25:143-8. [PMID: 21684131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The levels of trace elements in mixed saliva were not well-defined. This study was performed to determine Al and Fe concentrations in mixed saliva of children and to investigate the relationship between these levels and dental caries. METHODS Among 562 collected mixed saliva specimens, 514 and 548 samples for analyses of Al and Fe levels were obtained, respectively. The Al and Fe concentrations were determined using flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS The Al and Fe concentrations in children without a history of caries were 0.093±0.136 and 0.121±0.128 μg/mL, respectively. The Fe level depended on sex. The Fe level in girls who experienced caries was significantly higher than that without caries history. The Al and Fe levels were significantly higher in children with treated caries than children without caries history. The Fe concentrations were affected by restoration type. Composite resin increased the Fe level significantly especially in girls, and the Fe level was also higher in boys treated with both composite resin and metal restorations. In children without caries history, the Al level was inversely proportional to the number of deciduous teeth and increased with the number of permanent teeth. In contrast, the Fe level showed the reverse tendency. CONCLUSIONS The Fe level in mixed saliva of children was influenced by the restoration type. It was suggested that Al was eluted more from sound permanent teeth than sound deciduous teeth, while Fe was eluted in the opposite manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Watanabe
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado City, 350-0283, Japan
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Castro W, Hoogewerff J, Latkoczy C, Almirall JR. Application of laser ablation (LA-ICP-SF-MS) for the elemental analysis of bone and teeth samples for discrimination purposes. Forensic Sci Int 2010; 195:17-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Watanabe K, Tanaka T, Shigemi T, Hayashida Y, Maki K. Mn and Cu concentrations in mixed saliva of elementary school children in relation to sex, age, and dental caries. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2009; 23:93-9. [PMID: 19398056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To examine the standard Mn and Cu concentrations in mixed saliva from children and the relationship between these levels and dental caries, resting mixed saliva samples obtained from 527 children of an elementary school in Kitakyushu City were collected at 10:00-11:30 a.m. during December 2004. The Mn and Cu concentrations were determined using simultaneous multi-element atomic absorption spectrometry. The standard Mn and Cu levels were 22.0+/-15.2 and 3.8+/-4.1ng/mL, respectively, in the sound teeth group. Mn levels were significantly higher in boys (25.4+/-17.4ng/mL) than girls (19.1+/-12.3ng/mL) and also higher in upper (25.5+/-16.4ng/mL) than lower (19.0+/-13.5ng/mL) grades. The Cu level was unaffected by sex and age in the sound teeth group. The Cu level in children with caries experience (5.7+/-5.3ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of the sound teeth group. Moreover, the Cu levels in children with untreated caries were significantly higher than that of the sound teeth group, and increased with the number of untreated teeth. No significant difference was found in the Cu concentrations between the group in which all decayed teeth were treated and the sound teeth group. The Mn levels were similar with or without caries and treatment. These findings indicate that the Mn level in mixed saliva depended on sex and age, and suggest the possibility of Cu dissolving into mixed saliva by demineralization due to dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Watanabe
- Department of Growth and Development of Functions Science of Health Improvement, Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Shigemi T, Tanaka T, Hayashida Y, Maki K. Study of salivary strontium and silver concentrations in primary school children related to dental caries. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 123:80-90. [PMID: 18196208 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-007-8085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between the salivary Sr and Ag concentrations and tooth conditions, saliva was collected from 521 primary school children in Kitakyushu. The salivary Sr and Ag levels were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The salivary Sr and Ag levels were 7.73 +/- 3.62 and 0.03 +/- 0.15 ng/ml, respectively, in the sound teeth group. No sex differences were noted in either element level, nor were there differences between the lower and upper grade groups. In the caries teeth group, the Sr and Ag levels were significantly higher than those in the sound teeth group. The Sr level was significantly increased by caries experience regardless caries being treated or untreated. In second to third grade children, in whom the fluoride experience rate was high, the Sr level tended to be lower than that in the other grades. The salivary Ag level increased as the number of teeth treated with silver alloy rose. These findings suggested that the salivary Sr level increases because of caries susceptibility, and F inhibits Sr dissolution from the teeth. The salivary Ag level varied depending on the type of dental filling and was dependent on the amount of silver alloy in children treated with low-fusing silver alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shigemi
- Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science, Department of Growth and Development for Function, Kyusyu Dental College, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokura-kita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
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