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Islam MA, Lopes I, Domingues I, Silva DCVR, Blasco J, Pereira JL, Araújo CVM. Behavioural, developmental and biochemical effects in zebrafish caused by ibuprofen, irgarol and terbuthylazine. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140373. [PMID: 37806324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of chemicals and their release into aquatic ecosystems are harming aquatic biota. Despite extensive ecotoxicological research, many environmental pollutants' ecological effects are still unknown. This study examined the spatial avoidance, behavioural and biochemical impacts of ibuprofen, irgarol, and terbuthylazine on the early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) under a range of ecologically relevant concentrations (0-500 μg/L). Embryos were exposed following the OECD guideline "fish embryo toxicity test" complemented with biochemical assessment of AChE activity and behavioural analyses (swimming activity) using the video tracking system Zebrabox. Moreover, spatial avoidance was assessed by exposing 120 hpf-old larvae of D. rerio to a gradient of each chemical, by using the heterogeneous multi-habitat assay system (HeMHAS). The results obtained revealed that the 3 compounds delayed hatching at concentrations of 50 and 500 μg/L for both ibuprofen and irgarol and 500 μg/L for terbuthylazine. Moreover, all chemicals elicited a dose-dependent depression of movement (swimming distance) with LOEC values of 5, 500 and 50 μg/L for ibuprofen, irgarol and terbuthylazine, respectively. Zebrafish larvae avoided the three chemicals studied, with 4 h-AC50 values for ibuprofen, irgarol, and terbuthylazine of 64.32, 79.86, and 131.04 μg/L, respectively. The results of the HeMHAS assay suggest that larvae may early on avoid (just after 4 h of exposure) concentrations of the three chemicals that may later induce, apical and biochemical effects. Findings from this study make clear some advantages of using HeMHAS in ecotoxicology as it is: ecologically relevant (by simulating a chemically heterogeneous environmental scenario), sensitive (the perception of chemicals and the avoidance can occur at concentrations lower than those producing lethal or sublethal effects) and more humane and refined approach (organisms are not mandatorily exposed to concentrations that can produce individual toxicity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ariful Islam
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain; Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Management and Conservation of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Isabel Lopes
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Inês Domingues
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Daniel C V R Silva
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará, Marabá, 68507-590, Pará, Brazil; Institute of Natural Resources, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Laboratory of Limnology and Ecotoxicolo Gy, Itajubá, 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Julián Blasco
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Joana Luísa Pereira
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cristiano V M Araújo
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
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Ma JL, Xu DP, Tao YF, Zheng T, Xu P, Qiang J. Integrated transcriptome and miRNA sequencing analyses reveal that hypoxia stress induces immune and metabolic disorders in gill of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108909. [PMID: 37353064 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The survival and growth of fish are significantly impacted by a hypoxic environment (low dissolved oxygen). In this study, we compared tissue structure, physiological changes, and mRNA/miRNA transcriptome, in gills of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) between the hypoxic group (DO: 0.55 mg/L, HG) and the control group (DO: 5 mg/L, CG). The results showed that the gill filaments in the hypoxic group showed curling, engorgement, and apoptotic cells increased, and that exposure for 96 h resulted in a reduction in the antioxidant capacity. We constructed and sequenced miRNA and mRNA libraries from gill tissues of GIFT at 96 h of hypoxia stress. Between the HG and CG, a total of 14 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and 1557 DE genes were obtained. GO and KEGG enrichment showed that DE genes were mainly enriched in immune and metabolic pathways such as natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, steroid biosynthesis, primary immunodeficiency, and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Based on the results of mRNA sequencing and screening for miRNA-mRNA pairs, we selected and verified six DE miRNAs and their probable target genes. The sequencing results were consistent with the qRT-PCR validation results. The result showed that under hypoxia stress, the innate immune response was up-regulated, and the adaptive immune response was down-regulated in the gill of GIFT. The synthesis of cholesterol in gill cells is reduced, which is conducive to the absorption of solvent oxygen. These findings offer fresh information about the processes of fish adaptation to hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Lei Ma
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dong-Po Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China.
| | - Yi-Fan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun Qiang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China.
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Glaviano F, Federico S, Pinto B, Gharbi M, Russo T, Cosmo AD, Polese G, Costantini M, Zupo V. Morphologic and genic effects of waste pollution on the reproductive physiology of Paracentrotus lividus lmk: a mesocosm experiment. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1161852. [PMID: 37288438 PMCID: PMC10242131 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1161852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A considerable amount of coastal contamination is caused by wastes deriving from household and the degradation and the metabolism of plants and animals, even if our attention is commonly focused on industrial pollutants and contaminants. Waste pollutants are mainly represented by highly diluted soluble compounds and particles deriving from dead organisms. This complex combination, consisting of suspended particles and dissolved nutrients, has a significant impact on coastal planktonic and benthic organisms, also playing an active role in the global cycles of carbon. In addition, production practices are nowadays shifting towards recirculated aquaculture systems (RAS) and the genic responses of target organisms to the pollution deriving from animal metabolism are still scarcely addressed by scientific investigations. The reservoir of organic matter dissolved in the seawater is by far the least understood if compared to that on land, cause only a few compounds have been identified and their impacts on animals and plants are poorly understood. The tendency of these compounds to concentrate at interfaces facilitates the absorption of dissolved organic compound (DOC) onto suspended particles. Some DOC components are chemically combined with dissolved metals and form complexes, affecting the chemical properties of the seawater and the life of the coastal biota. In this research, we compared the reproductive performances of the common sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus cultured in open-cycle tanks to those cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), where pollution progressively increased during the experiment due to animal escretions. Sea urchins were cultured for 7 months under these two conditions and their gametes were collected. Embryos resulting by in vitro fertilization were analyzed by Real Time qPCR to identify possible effects of pollution-induced stress. The fertility of sea urchins was evaluated, as well as the gonadosomatic indices and the histological features of gonads. Our results indicate that pollution due to excess of nutrients, event at sub-lethal concentrations, may hardly impact the reproductive potential of this key species and that chronic effects of stress are revealed by the analyses of survival rates and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Glaviano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Centre, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Federico
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Napoli, Italy
| | - Bruno Pinto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Maissa Gharbi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Tania Russo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Cosmo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Polese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Centre, Naples, Italy
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Xu N, Sun W, Zhang H, Liu Y, Dong J, Zhou S, Yang Y, Yang Q, Ai X. Plasma and tissue kinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite, ciprofloxacin, in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) after a single oral administration at different temperatures. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 266:109554. [PMID: 36709862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of enrofloxacin (EF) and its metabolite, ciprofloxacin (CF), in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) after a single oral dose of EF at 20 mg/kg at 20, 25, and 30 °C. Samples were collected at pre-designed time points and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescent detector. Results showed that most concentrations of EF and CF in plasma and tissues at the same time point at different temperatures were statistically significant. With the increase in temperature, the terminal half-life (T1/2λz) of EF and CF was first reduced from 20 to 25 °C but elevated from 25 to 30 °C in plasma, muscle + skin, gill, liver, and kidney, respectively. The area under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUClast) of EF were all decreased in plasma, muscle + skin, and gill except for that of EF in the liver and kidney. However, the AUClast and the apparent metabolic rate of CF were exhibited first elevated and then decreased trend. The apparent volume of distribution (Vz_F) of EF was first reduced from 20 to 25 °C but increased at 30 °C. The apparent total body clearance (CL_F) of EF was increased from 0.15 to 0.32 L/h·kg with the temperature elevation. These indicated that increased temperature markedly affected the PKs of EF and CF in yellow catfish. Through in-depth analysis, the EF dosage of 20 mg/kg is appropriate to use in yellow catfish at 20 and 25 °C but 30 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China.
| | - Weiyu Sun
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; Hu Bei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety, Wuhan 430223, China.
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Hu J, Zhao H, Wang G, Sun Y, Wang L. Energy consumption and intestinal microbiome disorders of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) under cold stress. Front Physiol 2022; 13:985046. [PMID: 36176772 PMCID: PMC9513240 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.985046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The yellow catfish (P. fulvidraco), as one of the economically-relevant freshwater fish found in China, cannot tolerate cold stress. Understanding the physiological and biochemical mechanisms under cold stress may provide insights for improving yellow catfish management in the cold. Therefore, we investigated the metabolic and intestinal microbiota changes in cold stress in response to induced cold stress. We found that cold stress in yellow catfish lead to a significant increase in the consumption of glucose and triglycerides, as well as increased use of cholesterol as an alternate energy source. Moreover, cold stress also activated several significant biological processes in the fish such as thermogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, the spliceosome machinery, RNA transport, protein processing that occurs in the ER, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism pathways involved in energy production. On the other hand, many other mechanisms like insulin resistance, starch and sucrose metabolism, and the glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolic pathways that also served as energy production pathways were weakened. Furthermore, organic acids and their derivatives as well as the lipids and lipid-like molecules were mainly altered in cold stress; prenol lipids, steroids, and their derivatives were significantly upregulated, while fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids were significantly downregulated. Transcriptomic and metabolomic integrated analysis data revealed that carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism were involved in cold stress resistance. In addition, the intestinal microbiota abundance was also reduce and the pathogenic bacteria of plesiomonas was rapidly appreciation, which suggesting that cold stress also impaired intestinal health. This research study could offer insights into winter management or the development of feed to promote cold resistance in yellow catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junru Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junru Hu, ; Lei Wang,
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxia Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junru Hu, ; Lei Wang,
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Hu R, Li G, Xu Q, Chen L. Iron supplementation inhibits hypoxia-induced mitochondrial damage and protects zebrafish liver cells from death. Front Physiol 2022; 13:925752. [PMID: 36091397 PMCID: PMC9459849 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.925752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hypoxia in water has always been a thorny problem in aquaculture. Oxygen and iron play important roles and are interdependent in fish. Iron is essential for oxygen transport and its concentration tightly controlled to maintain the cellular redox homeostasis. However, it is still unclear the role and mechanism of iron in hypoxic stress of fish. In this study, we investigated the role of iron in hypoxic responses of two zebrafish-derived cell lines. We found hypoxia exposed zebrafish liver cells (ZFL) demonstrated reduced expression of Ferritin and the gene fth31 for mitochondrial iron storage, corresponding to reduction of both intracellular and mitochondrial free iron and significant decrease of ROS levels in multiple cellular components, including mitochondrial ROS and lipid peroxidation level. In parallel, the mitochondrial integrity was severely damaged. Addition of exogenous iron restored the iron and ROS levels in cellular and mitochondria, reduced mitochondrial damage through enhancing mitophagy leading to higher cell viability, while treated the cells with iron chelator (DFO) or ferroptosis inhibitor (Fer-1) showed no improvements of the cellular conditions. In contrast, in hypoxia insensitive zebrafish embryonic fibroblasts cells (ZF4), the expression of genes related to iron metabolism showed opposite trends of change and higher mitochondrial ROS level compared with the ZFL cells. These results suggest that iron homeostasis is important for zebrafish cells to maintain mitochondrial integrity in hypoxic stress, which is cell type dependent. Our study enriched the hypoxia regulation mechanism of fish, which helped to reduce the hypoxia loss in fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Hu
- International Joint Research Centre for Marine Biosciences (Ministry of Science and Technology), College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Ministry of Education) and International Research Centre for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Genfang Li
- International Joint Research Centre for Marine Biosciences (Ministry of Science and Technology), College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Ministry of Education) and International Research Centre for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianghua Xu
- International Joint Research Centre for Marine Biosciences (Ministry of Science and Technology), College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Ministry of Education) and International Research Centre for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangbiao Chen
- International Joint Research Centre for Marine Biosciences (Ministry of Science and Technology), College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Ministry of Education) and International Research Centre for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Liangbiao Chen,
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Effects of early low temperature exposure on the growth, glycolipid metabolism and growth hormone (gh) gene methylation in the late stage of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 259:110705. [PMID: 34958964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is an important factor affecting the early development, growth and physiology of fish, as well as on aspects of feeding and metabolism. Here, we investigated the impact of low temperature on the growth, glycolipid metabolism and growth hormone (gh) gene methylation in the late stage of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). Chinese perch larvae were exposed to temperatures with 21 °C (low temperature group (LT)) and 25 °C (control group) for 7 days, and then the LT group was slowly heated to 25 °C and raised at this temperature for two months. Results indicated that the LT group exhibited significantly lower growth rate and weight gain rate than the control group (p < 0.05), but no obvious food intake (FI) were detected yet between LT group and control group. The larvae exposed at 21 °C relative to the 25 °C group had significant decreased transcript levels of GH-IGF axis genes (gh, igf1 and igf2) in Chinese perch juvenile (p < 0.05). Further analysis of the DNA methylation levels of gh showed that the LT group had higher at the CpG sites of -3029 and - 3032 than the control group in larvae (p < 0.05), whereas the DNA methylation levels at CpG sites of -2982 and - 3039 of gh were significantly lower compared with the control group in juveniles (p < 0.05). In addition, the plasma glucose was significantly increased in the LT group (p < 0.05), suggesting the metabolism of blood glucose slowed at low temperature. In larvae, the expressions of glycolipid metabolism genes (ins-ra and ins-rb) in LT group were significantly up-regulated compared to control group in larvae (p < 0.05), while down-regulated in juveniles (p < 0.05). The expression level of ucp2 mRNA was continuously up-regulated under low temperature stress. All these data demonstrate that early exposure to low temperature affected the growth and glycolipid metabolism of Chinese perch.
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Tao YF, Qiang J, Dagoudo M, Zhu HJ, Bao JW, Ma JL, Li MX, Xu P. Transcriptome profiling reveals differential expression of immune-related genes in gills of hybrid yellow catfish (Tachysurus fulvidraco ♀ × Pseudobagrus vachellii ♂) under hypoxic stress: Potential NLR-mediated immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:409-419. [PMID: 34687881 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fish gills are the primary organ that respond to sudden changes in the dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the aquatic environment. Hypoxic stress impairs the normal function of gill tissues. However, little is known about the mechanisms of the response of yellow catfish gills to hypoxic stress. In this study, we compared transcriptomic and physiological changes in gill tissues of hybrid yellow catfish (Tachysurus fulvidraco ♀ × Pseudobagrus vachellii ♂) between a hypoxia-treated group (DO: 1.5 mg/L) and a control group (DO: 6.5 mg/L). In fish in the hypoxia-treated group, gill filaments underwent adaptive changes, and the number of vacuoles in gill tissues increased. Exposure to hypoxic conditions for 96 h resulted in increased anaerobic metabolism and decreased antioxidant and immune capacity in gill tissues. Transcriptome analyses revealed 1556 differentially expressed genes, including 316 up-regulated and 1240 down-regulated genes, between fish in the hypoxia-treated and control groups. Functional analyses indicated that the main pathway enriched with differentially expressed genes was immune response, followed by energy metabolism and signal transduction. Under hypoxic stress, the transcript levels of genes involved in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway initially increased rapidly but then decreased over time, suggesting that the NOD-like receptor-mediated immune response plays an essential role in hypoxia tolerance and resistance in hybrid yellow catfish. Our results provide novel insights into which immune-related genes and pathways are activated under hypoxic stress, and reveal details of early adaptation of the immune response and defense mechanisms under hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Jun Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Missinhoun Dagoudo
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Hao-Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jing-Wen Bao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jun-Lei Ma
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Ming-Xiao Li
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Pei X, Chu M, Tang P, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zheng X, Li J, Mei J, Wang T, Yin S. Effects of acute hypoxia and reoxygenation on oxygen sensors, respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in hybrid yellow catfish "Huangyou-1". FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1429-1448. [PMID: 34313912 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The regulation mechanism of the hybrid yellow catfish "Huangyou-1" was assessed under conditions of hypoxia and reoxygenation by examination of oxygen sensors and by monitoring respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The expressions of genes related to oxygen sensors (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, VHL, HIF-1β, PHD2, and FIH-1) were upregulated in the brain and liver during hypoxia, and recovered compared with control upon reoxygenation. The expressions of genes related to glycolysis (HK1, PGK1, PGAM2, PFK, and LDH) were increased during hypoxia and then recovered compared with control upon reoxygenation. The mRNA levels of CS did not change during hypoxia in the brain and liver, but increased during reoxygenation. The mRNA levels of SDH decreased significantly only in the liver during hypoxia, but later increased compared with control upon reoxygenation in both tissues. Under hypoxic conditions, the expressions of genes related to oxidative stress (SOD1, SOD2, GSH-Px, and CAT) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) and MDA were upregulated compared with control. The expressions of genes related to apoptosis (Apaf-1, Bax, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and p53) were higher than those in control during hypoxic exposure, while the expressions of Bcl-2 and Cyt C were decreased. The findings of the transcriptional analyses will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of hybrid yellow catfish "Huangyou-1" under conditions of hypoxia and reoxygenation. Overall, these findings showed that oxygen sensors of "Huangyou-1" are potentially useful biomarkers of environmental hypoxic exposure. Together with genes related to respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress and apoptosis occupy a quite high position in enhancing hypoxia tolerance. Our findings provided new insights into the molecular regulatory mechanism of hypoxia in "Huangyou-1."
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Pei
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingxu Chu
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Tang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Mei
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Multi-Approach Assessment for Stress Evaluation in Rainbow Trout Females, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) from Three Different Farms during the Summer Season. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061810. [PMID: 34204450 PMCID: PMC8234804 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood biochemistry parameters are valuable tools for monitoring fish health. Their baseline values are still undefined for a multitude of farmed fish species. In this study, changes in the blood profile of rainbow trout females (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from three farms were investigated using different biomarkers during the summer season. In the given context, the main water physicochemical parameters were investigated and twelve biochemical parameters were measured from blood samples of rainbow trout reared in the Fiad, Șoimul de Jos, and Strâmba farms. We selected these farms because the genetic background of the rainbow trout is the same, with all studied specimens coming from the Fiad farm, which has an incubation station. Forty-five samples were collected monthly (May to August) throughout summer to observe the changes in the blood profile of rainbow trout. Principal component analysis showed a clear separation both among the studied farms and months. Furthermore, significant correlations (p < 0.05) between the majority of the biochemical parameters were found, indicating that the environmental parameters can influence several blood parameters at the same time. The present study provides several useful norms for assessing the welfare of rainbow trout, indicating that the relationships among different parameters are important factors in interpreting the blood biochemical profiles.
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11
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Meilana L, Hakim AA, Fang Q. Nursery habitat of three species of juvenile Asian horseshoe crabs in Teritip Beach, East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Characterization and implication. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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12
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Qiang J, Tao F, Bao W, He J, Li X, Chen J, Xu P. Responses of functional miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules to a high-fat diet in the liver of hybrid yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco × P. vachelli). Genomics 2020; 113:1207-1220. [PMID: 33309769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is common in cultured yellow catfish as a result of high fat contents in feeds. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the excessive deposition of liver fat causes fatty liver disease. Hybrid yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco♀ × P. vachelli♂) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal-fat diet (NFD) for 60 days. Compared with the NFD group, the HFD group showed lower growth performance, higher hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes, increased hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol contents, and more and larger lipid droplets in liver tissue. Whole transcriptome mRNA libraries and microRNA libraries from fish in the NFD and HFD groups were constructed by high-throughput sequencing. Twelve miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between the HFD and NFD groups. Seven negatively correlated DE miRNA-DE mRNA pairs were selected, and the expression patterns of both were confirmed using qRT-PCR. Hybrid yellow catfish showed mediated oxidative degradation of liver glucose and fatty acid peroxidation, regulation of antioxidant enzyme activity, and various immune and inflammatory responses to fat deposition and stress. These findings have important biological significance for protecting the liver against stress, as well as economic significance for establishing healthy aquaculture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fanyi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenjin Bao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jude Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Güller U, Önalan Ş, Arabacı M, Karataş B, Yaşar M, Küfrevioğlu Öİ. Effects of different LED light spectra on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): in vivo evaluation of the antioxidant status. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2169-2180. [PMID: 32860607 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming is one of the major aquacultures in Turkey. Some conditions in fish farming can induce oxidative stress leading to the deterioration in properties such as appearance/color, texture, and flavor in fish meat. This situation may cause the consumer not to prefer edible fish. Although there are some studies on the impacts of light intensity on fish welfare, the changes in the antioxidant enzyme activities have not been elucidated. In the current study, it was intended to examine in rainbow trout how cultivating under different wavelengths affects the antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, because its activity is associated with oxidative stress, and also the determination of which light is suitable for fish welfare was aimed. Rainbow trout larvae were grown under four lights with different wavelengths: natural sunlight and incandescent long-wave (red light), medium-wave (green light), and short-wave (blue light) LED light. The experiment lasted for 64 days. Biochemical assays were carried on in the brain, gill, and liver of rainbow trout. Antioxidant enzymes and AChE activity, which play an important role in the central nervous system, were assayed. In gill tissues, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and AChE activities increased under all three light wavelengths. In the liver, while activities of antioxidant enzymes and AChE decreased in red light, all of them increased in blue and green light. In the brain, GPx, GST, G6PD, and SOD activities were reduced but AChE activity did not alter under all three light sources. In conclusion, light sources with different spectral structures caused important changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rainbow trout. On this basis, it may be thought that this may be a response to the changing redox status of a cell. Based on our results, blue light sources may be suggested for fish welfare in rainbow trout culture, and providing fish welfare by changing light sources can be easy and cheap in fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Güller
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey.
| | - Şükrü Önalan
- Faculty of Aquaculture, Department of Aquaculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Arabacı
- Faculty of Aquaculture, Department of Aquaculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Boran Karataş
- Faculty of Aquaculture, Department of Aquaculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Muhterem Yaşar
- Faculty of Aquaculture, Department of Aquaculture, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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14
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Qiang J, Zhu XW, He J, Tao YF, Bao JW, Zhu JH, Xu P. miR-34a Regulates the Activity of HIF-1a and P53 Signaling Pathways by Promoting GLUT1 in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) Under Hypoxia Stress. Front Physiol 2020; 11:670. [PMID: 32612542 PMCID: PMC7308589 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In fish under hypoxia stress, homeostasis can become imbalanced, leading to tissue and organ damage and decreased survival. Therefore, it is useful to explore the molecular and physiological regulation mechanisms that function in fish under hypoxia stress. The microRNA miR-34a is involved in fat and glycogen metabolism, and in apoptosis. In this study, we first verified that GLUT1, the gene encoding glucose transporter 1, is a potential target gene of miR-34a in genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) by dual luciferase reporter assays. Then, we clarified the regulatory relationship between miR-34a and GLUT1 by qRT-PCR analyses. We analyzed the regulatory effects of knockdown or promotion of GLUT1 expression in vitro and in vivo in GIFT under hypoxia stress. The results confirm that GLUT1 is a target gene of miR-34a in GIFT. Down-regulation of miR-34a significantly promoted GLUT1 expression. Knockdown of GLUT1 reduced the glycogen content in GIFT liver cells, inhibited HIF-1a gene expression, up-regulated the expression of genes involved in P53 signaling pathways (P53 and CASPASE-3 genes), and accelerated hepatocyte apoptosis under hypoxia stress. Compared with the control group, the group injected in the tail vein with miR-34a antagomir showed up-regulated expression of GLUT1 in the liver, increased liver glycogen content at 96 h of hypoxia stress, down-regulated expression of P53 and CASPASE-3, and decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase enzyme activities. Our results provide information about the molecular regulation mechanism of miRNAs and their target genes in fish during the response to hypoxia stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qiang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi-Fan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Wen Bao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun-Hao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Liu P, Guo R, Jin S, Liu J, Chen L, Ma Z, Liu Y. Evaluation and Analysis of Water Quality of Marine Aquaculture Area. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041446. [PMID: 32102314 PMCID: PMC7068430 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In the rapid development of marine aquaculture, the water quality of aquatic environments is regarded as a main limiting factor. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the water quality and environmental conditions in marine aquaculture areas and find out the main influencing factors regarding damage to the water quality environment. In the present research, pond aquaculture and cage aquaculture areas were sampled in May, August and November in 2018. Nine water quality indicators were detected, including pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, molybdate-reactive phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, inorganic nitrogen and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the water quality conditions, spatial-temporal changes, and the driving factors in pond and cage aquaculture areas. The results showed that three main components were extracted from the pond aquaculture area, which explained 66.82% of the results, the most relevant factors are salinity, dissolved oxygen and ARGs. For the cage aquaculture area, three main components were extracted which can account for 72.99% of the results, the most relevant factors are chlorophyll a, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The comprehensive scores of the principal components indicated that the heaviest polluted months in pond and aquaculture areas were August and November, respectively. The water quality of the pond aquaculture area is mainly limited by the volume of the pond, while aquaculture activities and seasonality are the main factors for cage aquaculture. ARGs in cage culture areas showed more variety and frequency compared with pond culture areas, which indicated that terrestrial input might be one of the sources for ARGs occurrence. The results would be helpful for the relevant authorities to select water quality monitoring parameters in marine aquaculture areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyu Zhang
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- Corresponding author:
| | - Peiwu Liu
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Rui Guo
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shengyi Jin
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Lei Chen
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhen Ma
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Dalian Ocean University, College of Marine Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (R.G.); (S.J.); (J.L.); (L.C.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
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