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Ummadisetty O, Akhilesh, Gadepalli A, Chouhan D, Patil U, Singh SP, Singh S, Tiwari V. Dermorphin [D-Arg2, Lys4] (1-4) Amide Alleviates Frostbite-Induced Pain by Regulating TRP Channel-Mediated Microglial Activation and Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6089-6100. [PMID: 38277118 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Cold injury or frostbite is a common medical condition that causes serious clinical complications including sensory abnormalities and chronic pain ultimately affecting overall well-being. Opioids are the first-choice drug for the treatment of frostbite-induced chronic pain; however, their notable side effects, including sedation, motor incoordination, respiratory depression, and drug addiction, present substantial obstacle to their clinical utility. To address this challenge, we have exploited peripheral mu-opioid receptors as potential target for the treatment of frostbite-induced chronic pain. In this study, we investigated the effect of dermorphin [D-Arg2, Lys4] (1-4) amide (DALDA), a peripheral mu-opioid receptor agonist, on frostbite injury and hypersensitivity induced by deep freeze magnet exposure in rats. Animals with frostbite injury displayed significant hypersensitivity to mechanical, thermal, and cold stimuli which was significant ameliorated on treatment with different doses of DALDA (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) and ibuprofen (100 mg/kg). Further, molecular biology investigations unveiled heightened oxido-nitrosative stress, coupled with a notable upregulation in the expression of TRP channels (TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRPM8), glial cell activation, and neuroinflammation (TNF-α, IL-1β) in the sciatic nerve, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and spinal cord of frostbite-injured rats. Treatment with DALDA leads to substantial reduction in TRP channels, microglial activation, and suppression of the inflammatory cascade in the ipsilateral L4-L5 DRG and spinal cord of rats. Overall, findings from the present study suggest that activation of peripheral mu-opioid receptors mitigates chronic pain in rats by modulating the expression of TRP channels and suppressing glial cell activation and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obulapathi Ummadisetty
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Akhilesh
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Anagha Gadepalli
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Deepak Chouhan
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Utkarsh Patil
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Baba Saheb Bhim Rao Ambedkar Central University (BBAU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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Li J, Ding J, Wu H, Lu C, Wu J, Luo Q. Tat-CIRP Peptide Facilitates Frozen Wound Healing by Ameliorating Inflammation and Promoting Angiogenesis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2205-2215. [PMID: 38623470 PMCID: PMC11017987 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s450288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Frostbite is a chemia resulting from cold-induced skin damage. The process of frostbite is often accompanied by inflammation, and the therapeutic strategies focusing on anti-inflammation are the main direction to data. Tat-CIRP is a 15 amino acid peptide containing HIV protein and cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), which is believed to compete with endogenous CIRP for myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2) binding. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of Tat-CIRP in the treatment of frostbite. Methods A mouse model of frostbite was established, and on the first day after frostbite occurrence, Tat-CIRP peptide was administered intravenously via the tail with a dosage interval of one day for a total of three doses. Frozen mouse skin sections were subjected to histological analysis, including hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining, and immunohistochemical examination. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression level of Ki-67 in mouse skin tissue. Results One day after frostbite, mice exhibited skin swelling and a solid appearance. From day 1 to 5 after frostbite, MD2 expression was significantly upregulated, while CIRP expression was downregulated. Compared to the frostbite group, mice treated with Tat-CIRP showed accelerated frostbite recovery, reduced levels of inflammatory factors and MD2. Furthermore, the expression of cell proliferation-associated protein Ki-67 and angiogenesis-related protein CD31 was upregulated. Conclusion Tat-CIRP promotes frozen wound healing via inhibiting inflammation and promoting angiogenesis in frostbitten mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Li
- Department of Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyang Wu
- Department of Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenyan Lu
- Department of Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- Department of Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, People’s Republic of China
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Martić K, Vojvodić B, Gorjanc B, Budimir I, Tucaković H, Caktaš D, Žic R, Jaman J. Feet Salvage Using Anterolateral Thigh Flaps after Severe Frostbite Injury: A Case Report. J Pers Med 2024; 14:389. [PMID: 38673016 PMCID: PMC11051273 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frostbite is a severe injury characterized by tissue damage due to exposure to freezing temperatures. It often necessitates prompt medical intervention to prevent further complications such as necrosis and amputation. This case report explores the successful use of bilateral anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flaps for feet salvage in a 19-year-old male refugee from Gambia who suffered severe frostbite injuries. CASE REPORT The patient, found after six days in freezing conditions, exhibited necrosis on multiple toes. Initial management included stabilization, intravenous fluids, and rewarming. Subsequent necrectomy and amputation revealed exposed metatarsal bones, necessitating a meticulous reconstructive strategy. Bilateral ALT flaps were chosen to preserve walking function, with a staged reconstruction involving multiple operations. The patient's progress, from inpatient care to outpatient follow-ups, is detailed, emphasizing the challenges and decisions in managing severe frostbite injuries. RESULTS The surgical intervention utilizing bilateral ALT flaps successfully salvaged the patient's feet. Throughout the postoperative period, wound care, rehabilitation, and outpatient monitoring contributed to positive outcomes. Despite challenges associated with the patient's ethnic background and nutritional status, the staged reconstruction facilitated effective healing and functional recovery. The use of ALT flaps provided a reliable solution with minimal donor site morbidity. CONCLUSION This case highlights the efficacy of bilateral ALT flap reconstruction in salvaging feet following severe frostbite injury. The successful restoration of foot function underscores the importance of early intervention and tailored reconstructive approaches in frostbite management. Despite patient-specific challenges, including nutritional status and limited healthcare resources, the use of ALT flaps facilitated optimal recovery and functional outcomes. Importantly, this report is unique as it describes a novel case of feet salvage using bilateral ALT flaps in severe frostbite injury, with only one similar case previously reported in the literature. This emphasizes the rarity and significance of this specific surgical approach in frostbite management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Martić
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Borna Vojvodić
- Clinic for Traumatology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Draškovićeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božo Gorjanc
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
| | - Ivan Budimir
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
| | - Hrvoje Tucaković
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
| | - Doroteja Caktaš
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
| | - Rado Žic
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Jaman
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.M.); (B.G.); (I.B.); (H.T.); (D.C.); (R.Ž.); (J.J.)
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Baldwin AJ, Bhojwani D, Murray A. Cold burn injuries in the United Kingdom: retain-->A 5-year cohort study of patients presenting to a regional burn unit. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 90:315-322. [PMID: 38394839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the aetiology, management and outcomes of cold burn injuries presenting to a regional burn unit in the United Kingdom. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients over a 5-year period (2018-2022). RESULTS Sixty-two patients (M:F 34:38; median age 23.5 years) were identified. The most common aetiology was aerosol (n = 28, 45.2%). Seven (11.5%) injuries were sustained during a social media or peer 'challenge' and 19 (31.2%) were self-harm, of whom 5 (26.3%) were inpatients on a mental health ward at the time of injury. All 'challenge' and self-harm injuries were caused by aerosol. Patients with 'challenge' injury were younger than those with self-harm (p = .007) and non-intentional injuries (p < .001). A greater proportion of self-harm injuries were in female patients compared with non-intentional injuries (p < .001). Median total body surface area (TBSA) was 0.35% (IQR: 0.3). Most burns were superficial partial thickness (n = 35, 56.5%), followed by deep dermal (n = 18, 29.0%), full-thickness (n = 8, 12.9%), and superficial (n = 1, 1.6%). The upper limb was most frequently affected (n = 35, 56.5%). Aetiology and a non-intentional, 'challenge' or self-harm injury did not affect TBSA (p = 0.776 and p = 0.364) or depth (p = 0.353 and p = 0.381). Five (8.1%) patients underwent autografting. The median time to healing was 17 days (range: 7-45, IQR: 22.75). Follow-up ranged from 1 to 173 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of cold burns has increased when compared with previous literature. A disproportionate number of cold burns are self-inflicted using aerosols, either as self-harm or because of social media or peer 'challenges'. Other emerging aetiologies include non-intentional skin contact with nitrous oxide containers during its recreational use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Baldwin
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Buckinghamshire, UK.
| | - Deepika Bhojwani
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Alexandra Murray
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Buckinghamshire, UK
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Wang XH, Li M, Cheng Y, Wang GJ, Lin GL, Liu WN. Comprehensive treatment of deep frostbite of multiple fingers after trauma: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:8219-8227. [PMID: 38130784 PMCID: PMC10731172 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i34.8219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frostbite is becoming increasingly common in urban environments, and severe cases can lead to tissue loss. The treatment goal is to preserve tissue and function; the sooner appropriate treatment is administered, the more tissue can be saved. However, not every patient with deep frostbite seeks medical care promptly. CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 73-year-old male patient who was lost in the wilderness for 2 d due to trauma and confusion. He experienced deep frostbite on multiple fingers. Treatment should not be discontinued for patients with deep frostbite who present after the optimum treatment timing. Bullae that no longer form (bloody) blisters within 24 h of aspiration should be removed. Mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream has clinical value in frostbite treatment. The patient was transferred to Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital 12 h after being rescued. The patient had contraindications for thrombolysis, the most effective treatment, due to intracranial hemorrhage and presenting past the optimum treatment timing. We devised a comprehensive treatment plan, which involved delayed use vasodilators and high-pressure oxygen therapy at day 49 post-injury. We experimented with mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream to treat the frostbite. The aim of the treatment was to safeguard as much tissue as possible. In the end, the fingers that suffered from frostbite were able to be partially preserved. CONCLUSION The case indicated that patients with severe frostbite who missed the optimal treatment time and had contraindications for thrombolysis could still partially preserve the affected limbs through comprehensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Hua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guang-Jian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guo-Le Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei-Nan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Salsi B, Fusco I, Pieri L. Microwave Therapy for Frostbite Management: A Case Series. J Med Cases 2023; 14:213-216. [PMID: 37435105 PMCID: PMC10332874 DOI: 10.14740/jmc4115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microwave body tightening and contouring is a common and efficient cosmetic medical procedure. The current study presents preliminary data about microwave treatment for body contouring where an innovative and unexpected benefit on frostbites was shown. This is a case series on two patients with frostbite treated with microwave therapy. The participants received the treatment for five sessions at 20-day intervals, including the beginning of the study. In addition to being satisfied with the treatment of their skin imperfections, the patients noticed a remarkable and progressive improvement in frostbite on their limbs. Both patients experienced a significant improvement in skin sensation and appearance and no side effects were observed. Our findings confirmed the safety and efficacy of microwave therapy in treating cellulite and skin laxity but rather a positively effect and a significant improvement in the treatment of frostbite as a secondary intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Salsi
- Division of Dermatology, Poliambulatorio San Michele, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Peng YY, Lu XM, Li S, Tang C, Ding Y, Wang HY, Yang C, Wang YT. Effects and mechanisms of extremely cold environment on body response after trauma. J Therm Biol 2023; 114:103570. [PMID: 37344028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
With the outbreak of the Ukrainian crisis, extremely cold environment warfare has once again become the focus of international attention. People exposed to extremely cold environments may suffer from cold damage, further aggravate trauma, trigger high disability and mortality rates, and even cause serious sequelae. To declare the effects and mechanisms of the extremely cold environment on the body after trauma, this paper reviews, firstly, physiological reaction of human body in an extremely cold environment. Then, the post-traumatic body response in an extremely cold environment was introduced, and finally, the sequelae of trauma in extremely cold environment was further summarized in the paper. The results indicated that extremely cold environment can cause a series of damage to the body, especially the body after trauma. The extremely cold factor is a double-edged sword, showing a favorable and unfavorable side in different aspects. Moreover, in addition to the trauma suffered by the body, the subsequent sequelae such as cognitive dysfunction, anxiety, depression and even post-traumatic stress disorder may also be induced. The paper summarizes the human body's physiological response in an extremely cold environment, and declares the effects and mechanisms of the extremely cold environment on the body after trauma, which may provide a theoretical basis for effectively improving the level of combat trauma treatment in extremely cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xiu-Min Lu
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Can Tang
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yang Ding
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yong-Tang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Dale BA. A Day in the Life of .... a Wound Ostomy and Continence Nurse: Frostbite in Tennessee. Home Healthc Now 2023; 41:171-172. [PMID: 37144936 DOI: 10.1097/nhh.0000000000001168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Dale
- Barbara A. Dale, RN, CHHN, CWOCN, is the Director, Wound Ostomy Continence Services, Quality Home Health & Hospice, Livingston, Tennessee
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Van Wicklin SA. Frostbite 101. PLASTIC AND AESTHETIC NURSING 2023; 43:64-67. [PMID: 37000996 DOI: 10.1097/psn.0000000000000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ann Van Wicklin
- Sharon Ann Van Wicklin, PhD, RN, CNOR, CRNFA(E), CPSN-R, PLNC, FAAN, ISPAN-F, is Editor-in-Chief, Plastic and Aesthetic Nursing , and is a Perioperative and Legal Nurse Consultant, Aurora, CO
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Frostbite of The Extremities - Recognition, Evaluation and Treatment. Injury 2022; 53:3088-3093. [PMID: 35914986 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Frostbite refers to the freezing of body tissue which is caused by prolonged exposure to cold temperatures and results in tissue destruction. Tissue damage is due to both immediate cold-induced cell death and the more gradual development of localized inflammatory processes and tissue ischemia. A detailed treatment plan based on the current UpToDate literature is needed to decrease morbidity and mortality rates. METHODS The United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed/Medline), EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched to identify publications relevant to this review. CONCLUSION In this review, we present the current knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of frostbite injuries. We then provide an extended and detailed treatment plan, from first aid in the field to treatment of short and long-term complications .
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11
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Hu B, Zou X. Frostbite - Diagnosis and Therapy. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:667-668. [PMID: 36070728 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2209190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bailong Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaohua Zou
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Karthick S, Kermanshachi S, Pamidimukkala A, Namian M. A Review of Construction Workforce Health Challenges and Strategies in Extreme Weather Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022; 29:773-784. [PMID: 35622383 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2082138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractConstruction sites continue to operate despite inclement weather, exposing workers to unpleasant working circumstances that can lead to various physical and mental health challenges. A thorough literature review yielded 21 challenges for hot weather conditions such as heat stroke, kidney disease, heat cramps, anxiety, depression and 20 challenges for cold weather conditions like asthma, frostbite, Musculo-Skeletal disorders, hallucination. Workers vulnerable to hot and cold weather based on demographic characteristics were identified. The study also provides 27 strategies to address the challenges experienced in hot and cold weather conditions. Some of these include ensuring that workers stay hydrated, scheduling sufficient rest periods, and allowing workers to self-pace. The results of this study will help construction decision-makers and project managers understand the difficulties faced by a field workforce who labors in extreme working conditions on construction sites and will facilitate adoption of strategies that can prevent weather-related physical and mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjgna Karthick
- Ph.D. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, 76019; E-mail:
| | - Sharareh Kermanshachi
- Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, 76019; E-mail:
| | - Apurva Pamidimukkala
- Ph.D. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, 76019; E-mail:
| | - Mostafa Namian
- Assistant Professor, Department of Construction Management, East Carolina University
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FROSTBITE OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES: HOT ISSUES IN DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT (review). Burns 2022; 48:1279-1286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ding C, Zhou C, Fan Y, Liu Q, Zhang H, Wu Z. Electrospun polylactic acid/sulfadiazine sodium/proteinase nanofibers and their applications in treating frostbite. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengbiao Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Chenxu Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Yueyao Fan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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Regli IB, Strapazzon G, Falla M, Oberhammer R, Brugger H. Long-Term Sequelae of Frostbite-A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189655. [PMID: 34574580 PMCID: PMC8465633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Frostbite is tissue damage caused by freezing temperatures and constitutes an important cause of morbidity in cold climate zones and high altitude. The direct effects of sub-zero temperatures lead to tissue freezing, electrolyte shifts and pH alterations, microvascular damage, and eventually to cell death. Upon rewarming, inflammatory reperfusion injury and thrombosis may lead to further tissue damage. Several studies and various case reports show that many patients suffer from long-term sequelae such as vasomotor disturbances (associated with susceptibility to refreezing), and neuropathic and nociceptive pain, as well as damage to skeletal structures. There are still many uncertainties regarding the pathophysiology of these sequelae. It has been shown that the transient receptor potential channel (TRP) family plays a role in cold allodynia. Botulinum Toxin type A (BTX-A) injections have been reported to be beneficial in vasomotor and neuropathic disturbances secondary to frostbite. Epidural sympathetic block has been used for short-term treatment of frostbite induced chronic pain. Furthermore, amitriptyline, gabapentinoids, and duloxetine may have some benefits. Frostbite arthritis clinically resembles regular osteoarthritis. In children there is a risk of epiphyseal cartilage damage leading to bone deformities. Despite some promising therapeutic concepts, the scarcity of data on frostbite long-term sequelae in the literature indicates the need of more in-depth studies of this pathology in all its aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo B. Regli
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, “F. Tappeiner” Hospital, 39012 Merano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0471-055-863
| | - Giacomo Strapazzon
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marika Falla
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, 38123 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Rosmarie Oberhammer
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hospital of Brunico, 39031 Brunico, Italy;
| | - Hermann Brugger
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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