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Chiappetta M, Lococo F, Sperduti I, Tabacco D, Sassorossi C, Curcio C, Crisci R, Meacci E, Rea F, Margaritora S. Surgeon experience does not influence nodal upstaging during vats lobectomy: Results from a large prospective national database. Surgery 2024; 175:1408-1415. [PMID: 38302325 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent improvement in preoperative staging, nodal and mediastinal upstaging occur in about 5% to 15% of cN0 patients. Different clinical and tumor characteristics are associated with upstaging, whereas the role of the surgeon's experience is not well evaluated. This study aimed to investigate if operator experience might influence nodal upstaging during video-assisted thoracic surgery anatomical lung resection. METHODS Clinical and pathological data from the prospective video-assisted thoracic surgery Italian nationwide registry were reviewed and analyzed. Patients with incomplete data about tumor and surgical characteristics, ground glass opacities tumors, cN2 to 3, and M+ were excluded. Clinical data, tumor characteristics, and surgeon experience were correlated to nodal and mediastinal (N2) upstaging using Pearson's χ2 statistic or Fisher exact test for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U and t tests for quantitative variables. A multivariable model was built using logistic regression analysis. Surgeon experience was categorized considering the number of video-assisted thoracic surgery major anatomical resections and years after residency. RESULTS Final analysis was conducted on 3,319 cN0 patients for nodal upstaging and 3,471 cN0N1 patients for N2 upstaging. Clinical tumor-nodes-metastasis stage was stage I in 2,846 (81.9%) patients, stage II in 533 (15.3%), and stage III (cT3N1) in 92 (2.8%). Nodal upstaging occurred in 489 (13.1%) patients, whereas N2 upstaging occurred in 229 (6.1%) patients. Years after residency (P = .60 for nodal, P = .13 for N2 upstaging) and a number of video-assisted thoracic surgery procedures(P = .49 for nodal, P = .72 for nodal upstaging) did not correlate with upstaging. Multivariable analysis confirmed cT-dimension (P = .001), solid nodules (P < .001), clinical tumor-nodes-metastasis (P < .001) and maximum standardized uptake values (P < .001) as factors independently correlated to nodal upstaging, whereas cT-dimension (P = .005), clinical tumor-nodes-metastasis (P < .001) and maximum standardized uptake values (P = .028) resulted independently correlated to N2 upstaging. CONCLUSION Our study showed that surgeon experience did not influence nodal and mediastinal upstaging during -assisted thoracic surgery anatomical resection, whereas cT-dimension, clinical tumor-nodes-metastasis, and maximum standardized uptake values resulted independently correlated to nodal and mediastinal upstaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Chiappetta
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Lococo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Diomira Tabacco
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Sassorossi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo Curcio
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Crisci
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elisa Meacci
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Margaritora
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Nii K, Igai H, Numajiri K, Ohsawa F, Kamiyoshihara M. Uniportal thoracoscopic mediastinal lymphadenectomy using appropriate surgical steps. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:321-332. [PMID: 38410588 PMCID: PMC10894416 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Although lymphadenectomies play an important role in the surgical treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the quality of lymphadenectomies via a uniportal approach has only been evaluated in a few studies. We describe the surgical steps for a mediastinal lymphadenectomy via uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (uVATS) and compare the quality of mediastinal lymphadenectomies using uVATS versus multiportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (mVATS). Methods Between April 2017 and January 2023, we analyzed data from 304 patients with NSCLC who underwent (bi-)lobectomy with nodal dissection (ND)2a-1 or greater lymphadenectomy via uVATS or mVATS. We compared patient characteristics and perioperative results, including the number of harvested lymph nodes (LNs), between the two approaches. In addition, the factors associated with N-upstage were identified. Results No significant differences in the total number of harvested LNs were detected between the two approaches. Significantly more LN#2R/4R zone LNs were harvested in the uVATS group compared with the number harvested in the mVATS group [uVATS group: 8.5, interquartile range (IQR), 5-12.3; mVATS group: 7, IQR, 5-9, P=0.0177], while no significant differences in total nodes or nodes harvested in other zones were detected. Multivariable analysis revealed that pathologic invasion size [odds ratio: 1.0200, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0100-1.0400, P=0.0050], but not approach (uVATS, odds ratio: 0.6240, 95% CI: 0.3160-1.2300, P=0.1750), significantly contributed to N factor upstages. Conclusions The use of appropriate surgical steps enabled us to achieve similar quality lymphadenectomies via mVATS or uVATS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Nii
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Igai
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kazuki Numajiri
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Fumi Ohsawa
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kamiyoshihara
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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Niskakangas A, Mustonen O, Puro I, Karjula T, Helminen O, Yannopoulos F. Results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for lung cancer in a mixed practice medium-volume hospital: a propensity-matched study. INTERDISCIPLINARY CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC SURGERY 2023; 37:ivad189. [PMID: 38011678 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivad189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the short- and long-term results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and thoracotomy for non-small-cell lung cancer in a medium-volume centre, where cardiothoracic surgeons perform both cardiac and general thoracic surgery. The primary outcome of interest was 5-year overall survival and disease-specific survival. Secondary outcomes were short-term postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and lymph node yield. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study including 670 lung cancer patients undergoing VATS (n = 207) or open surgery (n = 463) with a curative intent in Oulu University Hospital between the years 2000-2020. Propensity score matching was implemented with surgical technique as the dependent and age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, pulmonary function, pathological stage, histological type and the year of the operation as covariates resulting in 127 pairs. RESULTS In the propensity-matched cohort, 5-year overall survival was 64.3% after VATS and 63.2% after thoracotomy (P = 0.969). Five-year disease-specific survival was 71.6% vs 76.2% (P = 0.559). There were no differences in overall (34.6% vs 44.9%, p = 0.096) or major postoperative complications (8.7% vs 14.2%, P = 0.167) between the study groups. The average length of hospital stay was shorter (5.8 vs 6.6 days, P = 0.012) and the median lymph node yield was lower (4.0 vs 7.0, P < 0.001) in the VATS group compared to the thoracotomy group. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, the long-term results of lung cancer surgery in a mixed practice are comparable between VATS and open surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Niskakangas
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Mustonen
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Iiris Puro
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Topias Karjula
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Helminen
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Fredrik Yannopoulos
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Baldonado JJAR, Naffouje SA, Parvathaneni S, Roy E, Toloza EM, Fontaine JP. Outcomes of robotic lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer in a National Cancer Institute-Comprehensive Cancer Center vs. National Cancer Database. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:5349-5361. [PMID: 37969299 PMCID: PMC10636448 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Background There continues to be a rise in the proportion of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the recent expansion of criteria for low-dose lung cancer screening. These are increasingly being treated with minimally invasive techniques. Our study aims to compare outcomes of robotic lobectomy (RL) for NSCLC at a National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center (NCI-CCC) to those of open lobectomy (OL), video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VL), or RL as reported in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Methods The first 1,021 patients with NSCLC who underwent RL between 2010 and 2020 were matched with peers from the NCDB who had OL, VL, or RL. Matching was performed based on a propensity score calculated by logistic regression using multiple variables. Surgical outcomes included numbers of examined lymph nodes, performance of mediastinal lymphadenectomy, length of stay (LOS), and 30-day mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using log-rank tests. Results Most common postoperative complications were persistent air leak, atrial fibrillation, and pneumonia. Median LOS was 4 days, and the 30-day mortality rate was 1% (n=10/1,021). Compared to NCDB patients who underwent OL, NCI-CCC patients had a higher mean number of retrieved lymph nodes (P=0.001), higher rate of mediastinal lymphadenectomy (P<0.001), and shorter median LOS (4 vs. 6 days; P<0.001). There was no difference in 30-day mortality (P=0.176). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed no differences in median OS (log-rank P=0.953) or 5-year OS (P=0.774). Compared to NCDB VL, NCI-CCC patients had a higher nodal yield (P<0.001), higher rates of mediastinal lymphadenectomy (P<0.001), and lower conversion rates (4.1% vs. 13.8%, P<0.001). There were no differences in 30-day mortality (P=0.379) or in median LOS (P=0.351). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed no differences in median OS (P=0.720) or 5-year OS (P=0.735). NCI-CCC patients were also matched with NCDB RL patients and had a higher nodal yield (P<0.001), higher rates of mediastinal lymphadenectomy (P<0.001), and lower conversion rates (4.1% vs. 9.5%; P <0.001). There were no differences in 30-day mortality (P=0.899) or in median LOS (P=0.252). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed no differences in median OS (P=0.484) or 5-year OS (P=0.524). Conclusions RL for NSCLC performed in an NCI-CCC appears to have improved perioperative outcomes with comparable long-term OS compared to national benchmarks in OL and VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobelle J. A. R. Baldonado
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Departments of Surgery, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Samer A. Naffouje
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Esha Roy
- Department of Surgery, Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Eric M. Toloza
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Departments of Surgery, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jacques P. Fontaine
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Departments of Surgery, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Zirafa CC, Romano G, Sicolo E, Bagalà E, Manfredini B, Alì G, Castaldi A, Morganti R, Davini F, Fontanini G, Melfi F. Robotic versus Open Surgery in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Evaluation of Surgical and Oncological Outcomes. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:9104-9115. [PMID: 37887558 PMCID: PMC10605396 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consists of a heterogeneous group, with different pulmonary extension and lymph nodal involvement. Robotic surgery can play a key role in these tumours thanks to its technological features, although open surgery is still considered the gold-standard approach. Our study aims to evaluate the surgical and oncological outcomes of locally advanced NSCLC patients who underwent robotic surgery in a high-volume centre. Data from consecutive patients with locally advanced NSCLC who underwent robotic lobectomy were retrospectively analysed and compared with patients treated with open surgery. Clinical characteristics and surgical and oncological information were evaluated. From 2010 to 2020, 131 patients underwent anatomical lung resection for locally advanced NSCLC. A total of 61 patients were treated with robotic surgery (46.6%); the median hospitalization time was 5.9 days (range 2-27) and the postoperative complication rate was 18%. Open surgery was performed in 70 patients (53.4%); the median length of stay was 9 days (range 4-48) and the postoperative complication rate was 22.9%. The median follow-up time was 70 months. The 5-year overall survival was 34% in the robotic group and 31% in the thoracotomy group. Robotic surgery can be considered safe and feasible not only for early stages but also for the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelina C. Zirafa
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Gaetano Romano
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Elisa Sicolo
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Elena Bagalà
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Beatrice Manfredini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Greta Alì
- Pathological Anatomy, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Andrea Castaldi
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Section of Statistics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Federico Davini
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Gabriella Fontanini
- Pathological Anatomy, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Franca Melfi
- Minimally Invasive and Robotic Thoracic Surgery, Surgical, Medical, Molecular, and Critical Care Pathology Department, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.R.); (E.S.); (E.B.); (A.C.); (F.D.); (F.M.)
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Potter AL, Spasojevic A, Raman V, Hurd JC, Senthil P, Mathey-Andrews C, Schumacher LY, Yang CFJ. The Increasing Adoption of Minimally Invasive Lobectomy in the United States. Ann Thorac Surg 2023; 116:222-229. [PMID: 36223806 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to evaluate the trends of and outcomes associated with the use of minimally invasive lobectomy for stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the United States. METHODS The use of and outcomes associated with open and minimally invasive lobectomy for clinical stage I and stage II NSCLC from 2010 to 2017 in the National Cancer Database were assessed by multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching. RESULTS From 2010 to 2017, use of minimally invasive lobectomies increased for stage I NSCLC (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.52; 95% CI, 3.95-5.18; P < .001) and stage II NSCLC (aOR 4.38; 95% CI, 3.38-5.68; P < .001). In 2015, for the first time, more lobectomies for stage I NSCLC were performed by minimally invasive techniques (52.2%, n = 5647) than by thoracotomy (47.8%, n = 5164); and in 2017, more lobectomies for stage II NSCLC were performed by minimally invasive techniques (54.7%, n = 1620) than by thoracotomy (45.3%, n = 1,342). From 2010 to 2017, the conversion rates from minimally invasive to open lobectomy for stage I NSCLC decreased from 19.6% (n = 466) to 7.2% (n = 521; aOR 0.32; 95% CI, 0.23-0.43; P < .001). Similarly, from 2010 to 2017, the conversion rates from minimally invasive to open lobectomy for stage II NSCLC decreased from 20% (n = 114) to 11.5% (n = 186; aOR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-0.72; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS In the United States, for stage I and stage II NSCLC from 2010 to 2017, the use of minimally invasive lobectomy significantly increased while the conversion rate significantly decreased. By 2017, the minimally invasive approach had become the predominant approach for both stage I and stage II NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Potter
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana Spasojevic
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vignesh Raman
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jacob C Hurd
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Priyanka Senthil
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Camille Mathey-Andrews
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lana Y Schumacher
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chi-Fu Jeffrey Yang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, Dover, New Hampshire.
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Hagen JA. Tumour location predicts occult N1 nodal metastases in clinical stage I non-small-cell lung cancer: is location alone sufficient to justify limiting the extent of resection? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY 2023; 63:7019942. [PMID: 36723130 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Hagen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Sanger Heart and Vascular Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA.,Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Eisenberg M, Deboever N, Antonoff MB. Salvage surgery in lung cancer following definitive therapies. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:319-328. [PMID: 36630094 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Salvage surgery refers to operative resection of persistent or recurrent disease in patients initially treated with intention-to-cure nonoperative management. In non-small-cell lung cancer, salvage surgery may be effective in treating selected patients with locally progressive tumors, recurrent local or locoregional disease, or local complications after nonoperative therapy. Importantly, those patients who may be candidates for salvage surgery are evolving, in terms of disease stage as well as the types of attempted definitive therapy received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eisenberg
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nathaniel Deboever
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Yentürk E, Bayram AS, Sevinç TE, Melek H, Özer E, Gebitekin C. An Alternative to VATS where VATS is not Available. Indian J Surg 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-023-03665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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VATS versus Open Lobectomy following Induction Therapy for Stage III NSCLC: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020414. [PMID: 36672363 PMCID: PMC9857329 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the perioperative and oncologic outcomes of thoracoscopic lobectomy for advanced stage III NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 205 consecutive patients who underwent VATS or open lobectomy for clinical stage III lung cancer between January 2013 and December 2020. The perioperative and oncologic outcomes of the two approaches were compared. Long-term survival was assessed using the Kaplan−Meier estimator. Propensity score-matched (PSM) comparisons were used to obtain a well-balanced cohort of patients undergoing VATS and open lobectomy. Results: VATS lobectomy was performed in 77 (37.6%) patients and open lobectomy in 128 (62.4%) patients. Twelve patients (15.6%) converted from VATS to the open approach. PSM resulted in 64 cases in each group, which were well matched according to twelve potential prognostic factors, including tumor size, histology, and pTNM stage. Between the VATS and the open group, there were no significant differences in unmatched and matched analyses, respectively, of the overall postoperative complications (p = 0.138 vs. p = 0.109), chest tube duration (p = 0.311 vs. p = 0.106), or 30-day mortality (p = 1 vs. p = 1). However, VATS was associated with shorter hospital stays (p < 0.0001). The five-year overall survival (OS) and five-year Recurrence-free survival (RFS) were comparable between the VATS and the open groups. There was no significant difference in the recurrence pattern between the two groups in both the unmatched and matched analyses. Conclusion: For the advanced stage III NSCLC, VATS lobectomy achieved equivalent postoperative and oncologic outcomes when compared with open lobectomy without increasing the risk of procedure-related locoregional recurrence.
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Merritt RE, Abdel-Rasoul M, D'Souza DM, Kneuertz PJ. Lymph Node Upstaging for Robotic, Thoracoscopic, and Open Lobectomy for Stage T2-3N0 Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2023; 115:175-182. [PMID: 35714729 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There may be equivalent efficacy of the lymph node evaluation for minimally invasive lobectomy compared with open lobectomy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. We sought to compare the lymph node evaluation for lobectomy by approach for patients with larger tumors who are clinically node negative. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed 24 257 patients with clinical stage T2-3N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer from the National Cancer Database. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied to balance baseline characteristics. The rates of pathologic lymph node upstaging were compared. A Cox multivariable regression model was performed to test the association with overall survival. RESULTS After IPTW adjustment 20 834 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 1996 patients underwent robotic lobectomy, 5122 patients underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy, and 13 725 patients underwent open lobectomy from 2010 to 2017. The IPTW-adjusted N1 upstaging rate was similar for robotic (11.79%), thoracoscopic (11.49%), and open (11.85%) lobectomy (P = .274). The adjusted N2 upstaging rates were 5.03%, 5.66%, and 6.15% for robotic, thoracoscopic, and open lobectomy, respectively (P = .274). On IPTW-adjusted multivariable analysis, robotic and thoracoscopic lobectomy were associated with improved survival compared with open lobectomy (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in N1 and N2 lymph node upstaging rates between surgical approaches for patients with clinical stage T2-3N0 non-small cell lung cancer, indicating similarly effective lymph node evaluation. Overall survival after robotic and thoracoscopic lobectomy was significantly better compared with open lobectomy in this patient population with a high propensity for occult nodal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Merritt
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Surgery Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| | | | - Desmond M D'Souza
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Surgery Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Peter J Kneuertz
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Surgery Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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12
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Chiappetta M, Lococo F, Sperduti I, Cusumano G, Terminella A, Fournel L, Guerrera F, Filosso P, Tabacco D, Nicosia S, Alifano M, Gallina F, Facciolo F, Margaritora S. Lymphadenectomy for lung carcinoids: Which factors may predict nodal upstaging? A multi centric, retrospective study. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:588-598. [PMID: 35522364 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate risk factors for nodal upstaging in patients with lung carcinoids and to understand which type of lymphadenectomy is most appropriate. METHODS Data regarding patients with lung carcinoids, who underwent surgical resection and lymphadenectomy in five institutions from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2019, were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and pathological tumor characteristics were correlated to analyze lymph node upstaging. RESULTS The analysis was conducted on 283 patients. Pathology showed 230 typical and 53 atypical carcinoids. Nodal and mediastinal upstaging occurred in 33 (11.6%) and 16 (5.6%) patients, respectively. At the univariable analysis, nodal upstaging was significantly correlated with central location (p = 0.003), atypical histology (p < 0.001), pT dimension (p = 0.004), and advanced age (p = 0.043). The multivariable analysis confirmed atypical histology (odds ratio [OR]: 11.030; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.837-25.153, p < 0.001) and central location (OR: 3.295; 95% CI: 1.440-7.540, p = 0.005) as independent prognostic factors for nodal upstaging. Atypical histology (p < 0.001), pT dimension (p = 0.036), number of harvested lymph node stations (p = 0.047), and type of lymphadenectomy (p < 0.001) correlated significantly with mediastinal upstaging. The multivariable analysis confirmed atypical histology (OR: 5.408; 95% CI: 1.391-21.020, p = 0.015) and pT (OR: 1.052; 95% CI: 1.021-1.084, p = 0.001) as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Atypical histology, dimension, and central location are associated with a high-risk for occult hilo-mediastinal metastases, and mediastinal radical dissection may predict nodal upstaging. Thus, we suggest radical mediastinal lymph node dissection in high-risk tumors, reserving sampling, or lobe-specific dissection in peripheral, small typical carcinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Chiappetta
- Thoracic Surgery, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Lococo
- Thoracic Surgery, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cusumano
- Thoracic surgery, Policlinico-San Marco Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Ludovic Fournel
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Guerrera
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - PierLuigi Filosso
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Diomira Tabacco
- Thoracic Surgery, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Samanta Nicosia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Alifano
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Filippo Gallina
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS-IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS-IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Margaritora
- Thoracic Surgery, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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13
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Nath TS, Mohamed N, Gill PK, Khan S. A Comparative Analysis of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery and Thoracotomy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Terms of Their Oncological Efficacy in Resection: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e25443. [PMID: 35774656 PMCID: PMC9238107 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is considered the standard procedure for surgical resection in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is still lingering speculation on its adequacy of lymph node (LN) dissection or sampling and the long-term survival benefits when compared to open thoracotomy. Given the above, we conducted a systematic review comparing VATS and thoracotomy in terms of their oncological effectiveness in resection. We explored major research literature databases and search engines such as MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate to find pertinent articles. After the meticulous screening, quality check, and applying relevant filters according to our eligibility criteria, we identified 16 studies relevant to our research question, out of which one was a randomized controlled trial, one meta-analysis, and 14 were observational studies. The study comprised 44,673 patients with NSCLC, out of whom 15,093 patients were operated by VATS and the remaining 29,580 patients by thoracotomy. The results indicate that VATS is equivalent to thoracotomy in total LNs (N1 + N2) and LN stations dissected. However, a thoracotomy may achieve slightly better mediastinal lymph node dissection (N2) in terms of assessing a greater number of mediastinal lymph nodes and nodal stations. This may be attributed to a better visual field during mediastinal nodal clearance by an open approach. Also, nodal upstaging was consistently more common with an open approach. In terms of long-term outcomes, both overall survival and disease-free survival rates were similar between the two groups, with VATS offering a slightly better survival benefit. Irrespective of the increased rates of nodal upstaging by an open approach, we conclude that VATS should be considered a highly efficient alternative to thoracotomy in both early and locally advanced NSCLC.
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14
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Nachira D, Congedo MT, Tabacco D, Sassorossi C, Calabrese G, Ismail M, Vita ML, Petracca-Ciavarella L, Margaritora S, Meacci E. Surgical Effectiveness of Uniportal-VATS Lobectomy Compared to Open Surgery in Early-Stage Lung Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:840070. [PMID: 35310438 PMCID: PMC8931028 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.840070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the feasibility and safety of Uniportal-Video-Assisted thoracic surgery (U-VATS) has been proven, its surgical effectiveness is still debated. The aim of this study is to assess the equivalence of the U-VATS approach compared with an open technique in terms of surgical (nodal-upstaging, complications, and post-operative results) and short-term survival outcomes.MethodsThe clinical data of patients undergoing lobectomy for NSCLC at our center, from January 2014 to December 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. All patients undergoing open or U-VATS lobectomy with lymphadenectomy for early-stage lung cancer (cT1-T3N0, stages IA-IIB) were included in the study. Only 230 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. Group bias was reduced through 1:1 propensity score matching, which resulted in 46 patients in each group (open surgery and U-VATS).ResultsThe intra- and post-operative mortality were null in both groups. There was no difference in the post-operative complications (p: 1.00) between U-VATS and open lobectomy. There was also no recorded difference in the pathological nodal up-staging [11 (23.9%) after thoracotomy vs. 8 (17.4%) after U-VATS, p: 0.440). The chest tube duration was longer in the open group (p: 0.025), with a higher post-operative pain (p: 0.001). Additionally, the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 78% after U-VATS lobectomy vs. 74% after open lobectomy (p: 0.204), while 3-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was 97 vs. 89% (p: 0.371), respectively. The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 62% in the U-VATS group and 66% in the thoracotomy group, respectively (p: 0.917).ConclusionsUniportal-VATS lobectomy for the treatment of early-stage lung cancer seems to be a safe and effective technique with similar surgical and short-term survival outcomes as open surgery, but with lower post-operative pain and shorter in-hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Nachira
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Dania Nachira
| | - Maria Teresa Congedo
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Diomira Tabacco
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Sassorossi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calabrese
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mahmoud Ismail
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Maria Letizia Vita
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Petracca-Ciavarella
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Margaritora
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Meacci
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli,” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Elisa Meacci
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15
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Fukui M, Suzuki K, Ando K, Matsunaga T, Hattori A, Takamochi K, Nojiri S, Suzuki K. Survival after surgery for clinical stage I non-small-cell lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia. Lung Cancer 2022; 165:108-114. [PMID: 35114508 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the surgical outcomes after surgery in patients with stage I lung cancer and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted in 2131 patients with clinical stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent pulmonary resection between 2009 and 2018. Based on computed tomography (CT) findings, 233 patients had IIP. Lobectomy was performed in 180 patients with IIP and 1227 patients without IIP. Surgical outcomes, recurrence sites, and cause of death were investigated. In addition, we measured the distance between the tumor and hilum in patients with IIP and assessed the feasibility of sublobar resection. RESULTS The overall survival and cancer-specific survival of patients with IIP were significantly poorer than those of non-IIP patients. The five-year overall survival rates of patients with clinical stage IA/IB lung cancer with and without IIP were 58.1%/47.3% and 88.8%/68.9%, respectively. Furthermore, 9.4% of patients with IIP and 0.9% of patients without IIP died from respiratory-related causes within 2 years after surgery. Multivariate analyses revealed that volume capacity <80% (odds ratio: 3.259), usual interstitial pneumonia pattern by CT finding (odds ratio: 1.891), and nodal metastasis (odds ratio: 3.304) were prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with IIP. Unexpected nodal metastases were observed in 22.3% of patients with IIP. By CT judgment, sublobar resection was not feasible in 68% of patients with IIP who underwent lobectomy. CONCLUSIONS The overall survival of patients with early NSCLC after pulmonary resection with IIP was poor; this is related to the high prevalence of cancer-specific and respiratory-related deaths. Sublobar resection is not always feasible, the procedure on patients with IIP should be selected carefully according to the characteristics of each case. Nodal dissection should be performed to evaluate for metastasis, regardless of the extent of lung resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Fukui
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Ando
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsunaga
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aritoshi Hattori
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuko Nojiri
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Deng J, Jiang L, Li S, Zhang L, Zhong Y, Xie D, Chen C. The learning curve of video-assisted thoracoscopic sleeve lobectomy in a high-volume pulmonary center. JTCVS Tech 2021; 9:143-152. [PMID: 34647085 PMCID: PMC8501212 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the time course and caseload required to achieve proficiency by plotting the learning curve of video-assisted thoracoscopic sleeve lobectomy. Methods We reviewed 127 cases of video-assisted thoracoscopic sleeve lobectomy by a single surgeon at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital to evaluate its learning curve using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. The changes of perioperative outcomes were assessed. Results The inflection points of the CUSUM curve were around case 30 and 90, according to which 3 phases were identified: Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III. Significant downtrends were observed regarding operative time (Phase I, 194 [173-233 minutes] vs Phase II, 172 [142-215 minutes] vs Phase III, 138 [117-164 minutes], P < .05, all), blood loss (Phase I, 200 [100-238 mL] vs Phase II, 100 [50-200 mL] vs Phase III, 50 [50-100 mL]; P < .05, all), drainage duration (Phase I [5.53 ± 1.11 days] vs Phase II [4.52 ± 1.38 days]; P < .05), and length of postoperative stays (Phase I [6.60 ± 1.13 days] vs Phase II [5.68 ± 1.47 days], P < .05). The rate of severe complications significantly decreased from Phase I to Phase II (P = .03). Conclusions Thirty cases should be accumulated to lay the technical foundation, and 90 cases were required to achieve proficiency. The focus should now shift to providing sufficient training opportunities for centers wanting to implement this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Nakagawa K, Yoshida Y, Yotsukura M, Watanabe SI. Minimally invasive open surgery (MIOS) for clinical stage I lung cancer: diversity in minimally invasive procedures. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:1649-1655. [PMID: 34373902 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyab128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many thoracic surgeons have tried to make lung cancer surgery less invasive. Among the minimally invasive approaches that are currently available, it is controversial which is optimal. Minimally invasive open surgery, i.e. hybrid video-assisted thoracic surgery, has been adopted for lung cancer surgery at our institute. The objective of this study was to evaluate minimally invasive open surgery in terms of perioperative outcomes over the most recent 5 years. METHODS Between 2015 and 2019, 2738 patients underwent pulmonary resection for lung cancer at National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan. Among them, 2174 patients with clinical stage I lung cancer who underwent minimally invasive open surgery were included. Several perioperative parameters were evaluated. RESULTS The patients consisted of 1092 men (50.2%) and 1082 women (49.8%). Lobectomy was performed in 1255 patients (57.7%), segmentectomy in 603 (27.7%) and wide wedge resection in 316 (14.5%). Median blood loss was 30 ml (interquartile range: 15-57 ml) for lobectomy, 17 ml (interquartile range: 10-31 ml) for segmentectomy and 5 ml (interquartile range: 2-10 ml) for wide wedge resection. Median operative time was 120 min (interquartile range: 104-139 min) for lobectomy, 109 min (interquartile range: 98-123 min) for segmentectomy and 59 min (interquartile range: 48-76 min) for wide wedge resection. Median length of postoperative hospital stay was 4 days (interquartile range: 3-5 days). The 30-day mortality rate was 0.08% for lobectomy, 0.17% for segmentectomy and 0.00% for wide wedge resection. CONCLUSIONS Minimally invasive open surgery for clinical stage I lung cancer is a feasible approach with a low mortality and a short hospital stay. Oncological outcomes need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Nakagawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Yotsukura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Kim HK. Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Lobectomy. J Chest Surg 2021; 54:239-245. [PMID: 34353962 PMCID: PMC8350467 DOI: 10.5090/jcs.21.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been established as the surgical approach of choice for lobectomy in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with clinical stage I NSCLC with no lymph node metastasis are considered candidates for VATS lobectomy. To rule out the presence of metastasis to lymph nodes or distant organs, patients should undergo meticulous clinical staging. Assessing patients' functional status is required to ensure that there are no medical contraindications, such as impaired pulmonary function or cardiac comorbidities. Although various combinations of the number, size, and location of ports are available, finding the best method of port placement for each surgeon is fundamental to maximize the efficiency of the surgical procedure. When conducting VATS lobectomy, it is always necessary to comply with the following oncological principles: (1) the vessels and bronchus of the target lobe should be individually divided, (2) systematic lymph node dissection is mandatory, and (3) touching the lymph node itself and rupturing the capsule of the lymph node should be minimized. Most surgeons conduct the procedure in the following sequence: (1) dissection along the hilar structure, (2) fissure division, (3) perivascular and peribronchial dissection, (4) individual division of the vessels and bronchus, (5) specimen retrieval, and (6) mediastinal lymph node dissection. Surgeons should obtain experience in enhancing the exposure of the dissection target and facilitating dissection. This review article provides the basic principles of the surgical techniques and practical maneuvers for performing VATS lobectomy easily, safely, and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Montagne F, Guisier F, Venissac N, Baste JM. The Role of Surgery in Lung Cancer Treatment: Present Indications and Future Perspectives-State of the Art. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3711. [PMID: 34359612 PMCID: PMC8345199 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are different today, due to the increased use of screening programs and of innovative systemic therapies, leading to the diagnosis of earlier and pre-invasive tumors, and of more advanced and controlled metastatic tumors. Surgery for NSCLC remains the cornerstone treatment when it can be performed. The role of surgery and surgeons has also evolved because surgeons not only perform the initial curative lung cancer resection but they also accompany and follow-up patients from pre-operative rehabilitation, to treatment for recurrences. Surgery is personalized, according to cancer characteristics, including cancer extensions, from pre-invasive and local tumors to locally advanced, metastatic disease, or residual disease after medical treatment, anticipating recurrences, and patients' characteristics. Surgical management is constantly evolving to offer the best oncologic resection adapted to each NSCLC stage. Today, NSCLC can be considered as a chronic disease and surgery is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of recurrences, and in palliative conditions to relieve dyspnea and improve patients' comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Montagne
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Calmette Hospital, University Hospital of Lille, Boulevard du Pr. J Leclercq, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.M.); (N.V.)
| | - Florian Guisier
- Department of Pneumology, Rouen University Hospital, 1 rue de Germont, F-76000 Rouen, France;
- Clinical Investigation Center, Rouen University Hospital, CIC INSERM 1404, 1 rue de Germont, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rouen, Normandie University, LITIS QuantIF EA4108, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Venissac
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Calmette Hospital, University Hospital of Lille, Boulevard du Pr. J Leclercq, F-59000 Lille, France; (F.M.); (N.V.)
| | - Jean-Marc Baste
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Rouen University Hospital, 1 rue de Germont, F-76000 Rouen, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rouen (UNIROUEN), Normandie University, INSERM U1096, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, F-76000 Rouen, France
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20
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Mun M, Nakao M, Matsuura Y, Ichinose J, Okumura S. Oncological outcomes after lobe-specific mediastinal lymph node dissection via multiport video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 58:i92-i99. [PMID: 32533183 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We retrospectively investigated oncological outcomes after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy with lobe-specific mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND). METHODS Between April 2008 and December 2016, a total of 660 patients underwent VATS lobectomy with lobe-specific MLND for clinical T1-3N0M0 non-small-cell lung cancer, of which 54 (8.2%) patients had pathological node-positive disease (18 N1 and 36 N2). We evaluated their oncological outcomes. RESULTS The predominant histological type was adenocarcinoma (87%). Six (33%) patients in the pN1 and 11 (31%) patients in the pN2 received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 51.6 months. Postoperative recurrence was observed in 5 (28%) pN1 and 22 (61%) pN2 patients. One (6%) pN1 and 12 (33%) pN2 patients experienced locoregional recurrence. None of the pN1 patient experienced local recurrence at the dissected zone, whereas 11 (31%) pN2 patients had lymph node recurrence, including four at the dissected area and three in the area omitted from dissection in the lobe-specific MLND. The 5-year overall survival rates were 88.1% in the pN1 patients and 80.0% in the pN2 patients; the 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 63.9% in the pN1 patients and 34.8% in the pN2 patients. In pN2 patients, pathological T classification was a prognostic factor for overall survival (P < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.034), and single-station N2 disease was also prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Recurrence at the omitted zone is an issue for this type of MLND. For pN1 patients, adequate MLND is an important factor for curative treatment. However, for pN2 patients, systemic treatment after recurrence may also contribute to survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyon Mun
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsuura
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Ichinose
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakae Okumura
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Handa Y, Tsutani Y, Mimae T, Miyata Y, Ito H, Nakayama H, Ikeda N, Okada M. Appropriate Extent of Lymphadenectomy in Segmentectomy: A Multicenter Study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:451-458. [PMID: 33205817 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significance of lymphadenectomy is yet to be fully examined in segmentectomy. We compared the oncological outcomes of mediastinal lymph node dissection (LND) and hilar LND for lung cancer treated with segmentectomy via a multicenter database using propensity score-matched analysis. METHODS We reviewed 357 clinical stage IA radiologically solid-dominant lung cancer patients who underwent segmentectomy with lymphadenectomy. The extent of LND was classified into systematic/lobe-specific mediastinal LND and hilar LND only groups. Postoperative results after segmentectomy with mediastinal LND (n = 179) and hilar LND (n = 178) were analyzed for all patients and their propensity score-matched pairs. RESULTS Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and recurrence-free interval (RFI) rates for the mediastinal LND group were determined to be not significantly different compared with the hilar LND group in all non-adjusted cohorts. In the propensity score-matched cohort (129 pairs), mediastinal LND harvested more lymph nodes compared with hilar LND, and both groups had significantly different pathological stages (P = 0.015). Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 10 (7.8%) patients in the mediastinal LND group and 4 (3.1%) in the hilar LND group. The mediastinal LND group tended to have better prognosis than the hilar LND group (5-year CSS rates, 97.4% vs 93.2%; 5-year RFI rates, 93.5% vs 88.5%). CONCLUSIONS Mediastinal LND was found to provide more appropriate pathological staging compared with hilar LND in patients with segmentectomy by harvesting more lymph nodes. In addition, mediastinal LND might lead to better oncological outcome than hilar LND in segmentectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Handa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsutani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mimae
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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22
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Abstract
It is very difficult to find certain surgical field in which surgeon's decision is absolutely evidence-based. The objective of evidence-based medicine (and surgery) is offering the best treatment for each patient that should encourage conducting the randomized trials (RT) as the highest level of evidence. The results of RTs often contradict the existing clinical experience, and experience per se does not always confirm the significance of the results obtained. One cannot make any conclusions based on RT data. Treatment strategy for a particular patient remains unclear. The authors have analyzed the results of large-scale RTs devoted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy, rectal surgery, lung cancer surgery, postoperative care, treatment of pulmonary emphysema. It was shown that RT data as the highest level of evidence are not always true for surgery. In most clinical situations, the decision is not based on RT results. The desire of surgeons to master a new technique is often more significant than patient care, while clinical experience and the laws of the market are more important than science. There is no doubt that knowledge of RT results are essential in training period, but this means quite a bit for a particular patient. The best decision can be made during discussion and conversation with colleagues, where an experience of each specialist will have the same value as the best evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Akopov
- Pavlov First St. Petersburg Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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23
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Xu J, Ni H, Wu Y, Cao J, Han X, Liu L, Fu X, Li Y, Li X, Xu L, Liu Y, Zhao H, Liu D, Peng X, Hu J. Perioperative comparison of video-assisted thoracic surgery and open lobectomy for pT1-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients in China: a multi-center propensity score-matched analysis. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:402-414. [PMID: 33569322 PMCID: PMC7867771 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Compared with open surgery, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has innovated the concept of the minimally invasive approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in past decades. This present study aimed to compare the perioperative and lymph node dissection outcomes between VATS lobectomy and open lobectomy for pathological stage T1 (pT1) NSCLC patients from both surgical and oncologic perspectives. Methods This was a retrospective multicenter study. Patients who underwent surgical resection for pT1 NSCLC between January 2014 and September 2017 were retrospectively reviewed from 10 thoracic surgery centers in China. Perioperative and lymph node dissection outcomes of pT1 NSCLC patients who accepted VATS or open lobectomies were compared by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Results Of the 11,360 patients who underwent surgery for pT1 NSCLC, 7,726 were enrolled based on the selection criteria, including 1,222 cases of open lobectomies and 6,504 cases of VATS lobectomies. PSM resulted in 1,184 cases of open lobectomies and 1,184 cases of VATS lobectomies being well matched by common prognostic variables, including age, sex, and surgical side. VATS lobectomy led to better perioperative outcomes, including less blood loss (133.5±200.1 vs. 233.3±318.4, P<0.001), lower blood transfusion rate (2.4% vs. 6.4%, P<0.001), shorter postoperative hospital stay (8.6±5.7 vs. 10.1±5.1, P<0.001), less chest drainage volume (1,109.5±854.0 vs. 1,324.1±948.8, P<0.001), and less postoperative complications (4.9% vs. 8.2%, P<0.001). However, open lobectomy had better lymph node dissection outcomes than VATS, with increased lymph node dissection numbers (16.1±9.4 vs. 13.7±7.7, P<0.001) and more positive lymph nodes being dissected (1.5±3.9 vs. 1.1±2.5, P=0.002). Compared with VATS, open lobectomy harvested more lymph node stations (5.5±1.9 vs. 5.2±1.8, P=0.001), including more pathological N2 (pN2) lymph node stations (3.4±1.4 vs. 3.1±1.3, P<0.001). Conclusions VATS lobectomy was associated with better perioperative outcomes, such as less blood loss, lower blood transfusion rate, shorter postoperative hospital stay, less chest drainage volume and less postoperative complications. Open lobectomy has improved lymph node dissection outcomes, as more lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes were dissected for pT1 NSCLC patients during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihe Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingpeng Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangning Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Deruo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Medical Affairs, Linkdoc Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Outcomes of nodal upstaging comparing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open thoracotomy for lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2020; 152:78-85. [PMID: 33360439 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In early stage non-small cell lung cancer, the optimal surgical approach for lymph node dissection remains controversial. Without a uniform standard for the quality of lymph node dissection, outcomes of nodal upstaging comparing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) versus open thoracotomy (OPEN) also remain controversial. Thus, we compared the clinical outcomes of nodal upstaging between each approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 1319 surgically resected lung cancer cases between 2008 and 2017 at our institute. Moreover, 348 VATS and 348 OPEN cases were extracted using propensity score matching. We investigated the frequency, prognosis, and post-recurrence course of nodal upstaging between each approach. RESULTS A total of 193 nodal upstaging cases were identified. Nodal upstaging was more frequent in the OPEN group (24 %) than the VATS group (9%) (p < 0.001). However, multivariable analysis revealed the surgical approach was not significantly associated with nodal upstaging (OPEN: odds ratio, 1.3; 95 % confidence interval, 0.93-2.02; p = 0.108) and, after matching, nodal upstaging with each approach were of equivalent frequency (p = 0.752). The median follow-up period was 5.0 years. Nodal upstaging was an independent prognostic factor for worse overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and recurrence-free survival in multivariable analyses (all p < 0.001). Of all cases, 222 recurred after surgery. There were no significant differences in recurrence patterns and initial recurrence sites depending on surgical approach. The 5-year post-recurrence survival rate was 52 % after VATS and 30 % after OPEN; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.052). Moreover, post-recurrence survival rate was not significantly different between the VATS and OPEN groups (pN0: p = 0.268, pN1: p = 0.437, and pN2: p = 0.144). CONCLUSION Outcomes of nodal upstaging between VATS and OPEN were found to be equivalent. The difference in the frequency of nodal upstaging was not due to inferior quality of lymph node dissection with VATS; rather, that difference resulted from selection bias.
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25
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Darras M, Ojanguren A, Forster C, Zellweger M, Perentes JY, Krueger T, Gonzalez M. Short-term local control after VATS segmentectomy and lobectomy for solid NSCLC of less than 2 cm. Thorac Cancer 2020; 12:453-461. [PMID: 33270380 PMCID: PMC7882390 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction VATS pulmonary segmentectomy is increasingly proposed as a parenchyma‐sparing resection for tumors smaller than 2 cm in diameter. The aim of this study was to compare short‐term oncological results and local control in solid non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) <2 cm surgically treated by intentional VATS segmentectomy or lobectomy. Methods This study was a single center retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy (VL) or segmentectomy (VS) for solid <2 cm NSCLC from January 2014 to October 2019. Results In total, 188 patients with a median age of 65 years (male/female: 99/89) underwent VS (n = 96) or VL (n = 92). Segmentectomies in the upper lobes were performed in 57% and as a single segment in 55% of cases. There was no statistically significant difference between VS and VL in terms of demographics, comorbidities, postoperative outcomes, dissected lymph node stations (2.89 ± 0.95 vs. 2.93 ± 1, P = 0.58), rate of pN1 (2.2% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.96) or pN2 upstaging (1.09% vs. 1.06%, P = 0.98). Adjuvant chemotherapy was given in 15% of patients in the VL and 11% in the VS group. During follow‐up (median: 23 months), no patients presented with local nodal recurrence or on the stapler line (VS group). Three patients on VL and two in VS groups presented with recurrence on the remnant operated lung. New primary pulmonary tumors were diagnosed in 3.3% and 6.3% of patients in the VL and VS groups, respectively. Conclusions Despite the short follow‐up, our preliminary data shows that local control is comparable for VATS lobectomy and VATS segmentectomy for patients with NSCLC <2 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Darras
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amaya Ojanguren
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Forster
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Zellweger
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Yannis Perentes
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Krueger
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gonzalez
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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van der Woude L, Wouters MWJM, Hartemink KJ, Heineman DJ, Verhagen AFTM. Completeness of lymph node dissection in patients undergoing minimally invasive- or open surgery for non-small cell lung cancer: A nationwide study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 47:1784-1790. [PMID: 33223414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with NSCLC, lymph node metastases are an important prognostic factor. Despite an accurate pre-operative work up, for optimal staging an intrapulmonary- and mediastinal lymph node dissection (LND) as part of the operation is mandatory. The aim of this study is to assess the completeness of LND in patients undergoing an intended curative resection for NSCLC in the Netherlands and to compare performance between open surgery and minimally invasive surgery (MIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The intraoperative LND was evaluated in 7460 patients who had undergone a lobectomy for clinically staged N0-1 NSCLC (2013-2018). The LND was considered complete, when three mediastinal (N2) lymph node stations, including station 7, were sampled or dissected, in addition to the lymph nodes from station 10 and 11. A comparison was made between open surgery and MIS. RESULTS Of 5154 patients, who had MIS, a sufficient intrapulmonary LND was performed in 47.9% and a sufficient mediastinal LND in 58.6%. A complete LND was performed in 31.6%. For 2306 patients who had an open resection, these numbers were 45.0%, 59.0%, and 30.6%, respectively. The overall between-hospital variation in a complete LND ranged between 0 and 72.5%. CONCLUSION In the Netherlands, a complete LND of both intrapulmonary- and mediastinal lymph nodes is performed only in a minority of patients with clinically staged N0-1 NSCLC, with substantial between-hospital variation. No differences were seen between open surgery and MIS. Because of poor performance, completeness of lymph node dissection will be recorded as a mandatory performance indicator in our national audit, to improve the quality of resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa van der Woude
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postbus 9101, 6500, HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333, AA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Michel W J M Wouters
- Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing, Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333, AA Leiden, the Netherlands; Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Department of Surgery, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066, CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Koen J Hartemink
- Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Department of Surgery, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066, CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - David J Heineman
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Postbus 7057, 1008 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postbus 7057, 1008, MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ad F T M Verhagen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postbus 9101, 6500, HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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27
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Speicher PJ. Commentary: Statistical adjustment disorder: The limits of propensity scores. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 162:1255-1256. [PMID: 33288246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Speicher
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Huntsville Hospital Health System, Huntsville, Ala.
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28
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Yamashita SI, Tokuishi K, Moroga T, Nagata A, Imamura N, Miyahara S, Yoshida Y, Waseda R, Sato T, Shiraishi T, Nabeshima K, Kawahara K, Iwasaki A. Long-term survival of thoracoscopic surgery compared with open surgery for clinical N0 adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:6523-6532. [PMID: 33282354 PMCID: PMC7711387 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is good candidate for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Long-term outcome compared between VATS and open surgery remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term outcome of VATS in early stage adenocarcinoma. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 546 patients which were operated between January 2006 and December 2010 in our institute and of those, 240 (220 lobectomies, and 20 segmentectomies) were clinical N0 adenocarcinoma. One hundred and thirty-five patients underwent VATS and 105 patients for open surgery. Long-term oncological outcomes were compared in both groups. Results There were significant differences in age, gender, Blinkman index, clinical T factor and tumor size between two groups. VATS group showed statistically longer operation time (P=0.01), less blood loss (P=0.005), shorter length of stay (P=0.001), and less dissected number of lymph nodes (P<0.001) compared with open surgery. Disease-free survival in VATS was significantly better than open surgery (5- and 10-year survival; VATS, 91.4%, 79.0%; open, 85.1%, 73.6%; respectively, P=0.04). Overall survival in VATS was not different from open (P=0.58). Propensity matched disease-free and overall survival was not significantly different between two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age [P=0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.02–6.81)] in overall and T factor [P=0.01, 95% CI: (1.41–17.3)] in disease-free survival was prognostic significant after propensity matching. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that long-term outcome in VATS for early stage adenocarcinoma was equivalent to open surgery. VATS may be a treatment of choice for promising long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Yamashita
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,General Thoracic and Breast Surgery Center, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keita Tokuishi
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Moroga
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Asahi Nagata
- General Thoracic and Breast Surgery Center, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoko Imamura
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - So Miyahara
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshida
- General Thoracic and Breast Surgery Center, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Waseda
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Sato
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shiraishi
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsunobu Kawahara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kitsuki Central Hospital, Kitsuki, Japan
| | - Akinori Iwasaki
- Department of General Thoracic, Breast, and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Aiolfi A, Nosotti M, Micheletto G, Khor D, Bonitta G, Perali C, Marin J, Biraghi T, Bona D. Pulmonary lobectomy for cancer: Systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing open, video-assisted thoracic surgery, and robotic approach. Surgery 2020; 169:436-446. [PMID: 33097244 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although minimally invasive lobectomy has gained worldwide interest, there has been debate on perioperative and oncological outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes among open lobectomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy, and robotic lobectomy. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were consulted. A fully Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS Thirty-four studies (183,426 patients) were included; 88,865 (48.4%) underwent open lobectomy, 79,171 (43.2%) video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy, and 15,390 (8.4%) robotic lobectomy. Compared with open lobectomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery, lobectomy and robotic lobectomy had significantly reduced 30-day mortality (risk ratio = 0.53; 95% credible intervals, 0.40-0.66 and risk ratio = 0.51; 95% credible intervals, 0.36-0.71), pulmonary complications (risk ratio = 0.70; 95% credible intervals, 0.51-0.92 and risk ratio = 0.69; 95% credible intervals, 0.51-0.88), and overall complications (risk ratio = 0.77; 95% credible intervals, 0.68-0.85 and risk ratio = 0.79; 95% credible intervals, 0.67-0.91). Compared with video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy, open lobectomy, and robotic lobectomy had a significantly higher total number of harvested lymph nodes (mean difference = 1.46; 95% credible intervals, 0.30, 2.64 and mean difference = 2.18; 95% credible intervals, 0.52-3.92) and lymph nodes stations (mean difference = 0.37; 95% credible intervals, 0.08-0.65 and mean difference = 0.93; 95% credible intervals, 0.47-1.40). Positive resection margin and 5-year overall survival were similar across treatments. Intraoperative blood loss, postoperative transfusion, hospital length of stay, and 30-day readmission were significantly reduced for minimally invasive approaches. CONCLUSION Compared with open lobectomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy, and robotic lobectomy seem safer with reduced 30-day mortality, pulmonary, and overall complications with equivalent oncologic outcomes and 5-year overall survival. Minimally invasive techniques may improve outcomes and surgeons should be encouraged, when feasible, to adopt video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy, or robotic lobectomy in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Aiolfi
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istitituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Nosotti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Micheletto
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, INCO and Department of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Desmond Khor
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gianluca Bonitta
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istitituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Perali
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istitituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Marin
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istitituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Tullio Biraghi
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istitituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Bona
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, University of Milan, Istitituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
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Li X, Liu Y, Zhao J, Xiang Z, Ren C, Qiao K. The Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) Combined with Dexmedetomidine for Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS): A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1785-1795. [PMID: 32801843 PMCID: PMC7381820 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s258443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) can significantly reduce postoperative pain, the incidence is as high as 30–50%. The purpose of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) combined with dexmedetomidine (Dex) for patients undergoing VATS. Methods Eighty patients were randomized into two groups (20 mL 0.5% ropivacaine plus 0.5 µg/kg or 1 µg/kg Dex). Primary outcome was the visual analog scale of pain while coughing (VASc) score at 24 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included hemodynamics, sufentanil consumption, number of patients needing rescue analgesia, time to first rescue analgesic, total dose of rescue analgesic, satisfaction scores of patients and surgeons, time of chest tube removal, length of hospital stay, adverse effects, the prevalence of chronic pain and quality of life. Results Compared with D1 group, visual analog scale of pain at rest (VASr) was significantly lower during the first 24 h after surgery, while VASc was significantly lower during the first 48 h after surgery (P<0.05). Mean arterial pressure was significantly decreased from T2 to T8, and heart rate was significantly decreased from T2 to T7 in the D2 group (P<0.05). Consumption of sevoflurane, remifentanil, DEX and the recovery time were significantly reduced in the D2 group (P <0.05). Consumption of sufentanil 8–72 h after surgery was significantly lower in the D2 group (P<0.05). Additionally, the number of patients who required rescue analgesia, the time to the first dose of rescue analgesia, and the total dose of rescue analgesia was significantly lower in the D2 group (P<0.05). Conclusion The results of this study show that 1 µg/kg DEX is a beneficial adjuvant to ropivacaine for single-injection SAPB in VATS patients while stable hemodynamics were maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Tianmen, Tianmen, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Tianmen, Tianmen, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunguang Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kekun Qiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Tianmen, Tianmen, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Maier H, Ng C, Kroepfl V, Augustin F. Time to rethink the concept of nodal upstaging. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 58:403. [PMID: 32163549 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Maier
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Caecilia Ng
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Kroepfl
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Augustin
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Survival After Thoracoscopic Surgery or Open Lobectomy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 111:302-313. [PMID: 32730840 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been shown to reduce hospital stays and pain compared with open lobectomy to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Because of the low rate of deaths, it is difficult to show differences in survival in individual studies. The objective of this study was to compare short- and long-term mortality by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The reviewers systematically searched studies that compared VATS vs open lobectomy and provided data on 30-day mortality or long-term survival (>5 years). For long-term outcomes, studies included patients with the same cancer stage or, if several stages were included, the studies had to control for cancer stage in their propensity score model. A pooled odds ratio and hazard ratio (HR) was respectively calculated for short- and long-term outcomes. RESULTS A total of 33 works were identified, comprising 61,633 patients. VATS led to lower postoperative mortality (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56 to 0.73) and higher long-term survival (HR, .88; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.96). Disease-free survival was similar in both groups (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.80 to 1.10). CONCLUSIONS For non-small cell lung cancer treated with lobectomy, VATS was associated with lower postoperative mortality and greater long-term survival compared with open lobectomy. Disease-free survival was similar between both groups.
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Hue JJ, Linden PA, Bachman KC, Worrell SG, Gray KE, Towe CW. Conversion from thoracoscopic to open pneumonectomy is not associated with short- or long-term mortality. Surgery 2020; 168:948-952. [PMID: 32680746 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracoscopic pneumonectomy commonly requires conversion to thoracotomy. We hypothesize that conversion would lead to worse short- and long-term outcomes compared with operations completed thoracoscopically. METHODS The National Cancer Database identified patients who underwent a pneumonectomy from 2010 to 2016. Trends in conversion were described using linear regression. Multivariable regression of factors associated with conversion was performed. Short-term outcomes included duration of stay, number of lymph nodes harvested, margin status, readmission, and 90-day mortality. Long-term outcome was evaluated as overall survival. RESULTS A total of 8,037 patients underwent a pneumonectomy. The rate of attempted thoracoscopic pneumonectomies increased from 11% to 22% (P < .001) and the rate of conversion decreased from 39% to 33% (P = .011). On multivariable analysis, a greater patient comorbidity index and pathologic nodal-stage 2 disease were associated with an increased rate of conversion. The mean number of lymph nodes evaluated was greater as was the duration of stay in the conversion group, but conversion to open thoracotomy was not associated with positive surgical margins, readmission rate, 90-day mortality, or survival. CONCLUSION Thoracoscopic pneumonectomy is performed with increasing frequency and decreasing conversion rate. Conversion is associated with a greater duration of stay but other short- and long-term outcomes are similar. This observation suggests minimal harm in conversion from minimally invasive to open pneumonectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Hue
- Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, OH
| | - Philip A Linden
- Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, OH
| | - Katelynn C Bachman
- Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, OH
| | - Stephanie G Worrell
- Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, OH
| | - Kelsey E Gray
- Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, OH
| | - Christopher W Towe
- Division of Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, OH.
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Yoon DW, Choi YS, Sung K, Kim H. Comparison of oncological outcomes of single-port versus multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer: a propensity-matched analysis. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Results of video-assisted thoracic surgery versus thoracotomy in surgical resection of pN2 non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese high-volume Center. Surg Endosc 2020; 35:2186-2197. [PMID: 32394172 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the short-term outcomes and long-term oncological efficacy of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for surgical treatment of pN2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with open thoracotomy (OT). PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 1034 patients who underwent pulmonary resection and systemic lymph node dissection for pathological N2 NSCLC from September 2005 to December 2017 (536 patients in VATS group and 498 patients in OT group). Propensity score matching was applied to reduce the confounding effects. Factors affecting survival were assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The VATS procedure was associated with shorter operative time compared with the OT procedure (147.96 ± 58.91 min vs. 165.34 ± 58.91 min, P < 0.001). No significant difference was identified between the two groups in the number of dissected mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) and number of dissected MLNs stations. More patients after VATS procedure received postoperative adjuvant therapy (83.4% vs. 75.5%, P = 0.002). At a median follow-up of 36 (range 4-150) months, comparing VATS procedure and OT procedure, no significant differences were noted in 5-year DFS (20.7% vs. 22.5%, P = 0.89) and 5-year OS (30.7% vs. 34.5%, P = 0.821). The VATS procedure was not found to be an independent predictor of DFS (hazard ratio, 0.986; 95% CI, 0.809 to 1.202) or OS (hazard ratio, 0.977; 95% CI 0.802 to 1.191). CONCLUSION In this large propensity-matched comparison, the VATS procedure offered comparable short-term outcomes and long-term oncological efficacy for patients with pN2 NSCLC when compared with OT procedure.
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Fong LS, Ko V, Mclaughlin A, Okiwelu NL, Newman MA, Passage J, Sanders LHA, Joshi PV. Outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy in septuagenarians. ANZ J Surg 2020; 90:752-756. [PMID: 32348031 DOI: 10.1111/ans.15788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spread of technology and increased surveillance have led to more patients with lung cancers being identified than ever before. Increasingly, patients from the elderly population are referred for surgery; however, many studies do not focus on this patient group. We reviewed the outcomes of septuagenarians who underwent lobectomy via an open thoracotomy (OT) or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) approach to determine whether the VATS approach would result in superior post-operative outcomes. METHODS Between January 2010 and June 2016, a total of 96 patients aged 70 years or older underwent a lobectomy for non-small cell lung carcinoma. Patients who underwent resection for metastatic disease, small cell lung cancer or neuroendocrine tumour were excluded. Demographic details, early and late post-operative outcomes including post-operative arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, cerebrovascular events, infection, prolonged air leak, delirium, readmission and 30-day mortality were studied. Mean follow-up duration was 23 ± 19.1 months. RESULTS Seventy-five patients underwent lobectomy via a VATS approach and 21 patients underwent lobectomy via an OT approach. There was no 30-day mortality and no difference in overall survival between the two techniques (P = 0.25). There was no significant difference between the two techniques with regard to post-operative stroke, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, pneumonia, delirium or bronchopleural fistula. VATS patients had a significantly shorter mean hospital length of stay (VATS 4.7 days, OT 9.3 days, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Septuagenarians with non-small cell lung carcinoma can successfully undergo curative lung resection with a low incidence of post-operative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Fong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Viktor Ko
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Aden Mclaughlin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Mark A Newman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jurgen Passage
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Baird Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucas H A Sanders
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pragnesh V Joshi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Baird Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Robotic Approach Offers Similar Nodal Upstaging to Open Lobectomy for Clinical Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 110:424-433. [PMID: 32240644 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate nodal dissection during pulmonary resection improves pathologic staging accuracy. Detection of unexpected nodal metastases can be a surrogate for nodal dissection adequacy and reflect oncologic resection quality. The goal of this study was to determine whether robotic lobectomy carries worse, same, or better incidence of nodal upstaging as open lobectomy for clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Data for patients with clinical stage I NSCLC (≤cT2a N0 M0, American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th Edition) who underwent lobectomy from 2010 through 2015 were abstracted from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Propensity score matching was performed for robotic (n = 7452) and open (n = 50,186) approaches. Primary outcomes were the number of lymph nodes examined and incidence of nodal upstaging, defined as unexpected hilar or mediastinal lymph node involvement. Secondary outcomes included resection margins and overall survival. RESULTS Matching generated 7452 well-matched pairs. There were no differences in nodal upstaging between robotic and open procedures (820 [11.0%] vs 863 [11.6%], P = .28), despite more examined lymph nodes in the robotic group (10 vs 8, P < .001). Incidence of positive margins (145 [2.0%] vs 178 [2.4%], P = .071) was similar. The robotic group had lower 30-day (73 [1.3%] vs 105 [1.9%], P = .02) and 90-day mortality (125 [2.3%] vs 188 [3.5%], P < .001). The 5-year overall survival was similar between both groups (65.6% vs 66.7%, log-rank P = .25). CONCLUSIONS Robotic lobectomy for clinical stage I NSCLC is an equivalent to open lobectomy as assessed by similar nodal upstaging rates, completeness of resection, and overall survival. This suggests that the robotic technology has been adopted appropriately in early-stage NSCLC.
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Dezube AR, Jaklitsch MT. Minimizing residual occult nodal metastasis in NSCLC: recent advances, current status and controversies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:117-130. [PMID: 32003589 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1723418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Nodal involvement in lung cancer is a significant determinant of prognosis and treatment management. New evidence exists regarding the management of occult lymph node metastasis and residual disease in the fields of imaging, mediastinal staging, and operative management.Areas covered: This review summarizes the latest body of knowledge on the identification and management of occult lymph node metastasis in NSCLC. We focus on tumor-specific characteristics; imaging modalities; invasive mediastinal staging; and operative management including, technique, degree of resection, and lymph node examination.Expert opinion: Newly identified risk-factors associated with nodal metastasis including tumor histology, location, radiologic features, and metabolic activity are not included in professional societal guidelines due to the heterogeneity of their reporting and uncertainty on how to adopt them into practice. Imaging as a sole diagnostic method is limited. We recommend confirmation with invasive mediastinal staging. EBUS-FNA is the best initial method, but adoption has not been uniform. The diagnostic algorithm is less certain for re-staging of mediastinal nodes after neoadjuvant therapy. Mediastinal node sampling during lobectomy remains the gold-standard, but evidence supports the use of minimally invasive techniques. More study is warranted regarding sublobar resection. No consensus exists regarding lymph node examination, but new evidence supports reexamination of current quality metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Dezube
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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The association of robotic lobectomy volume and nodal upstaging in non-small cell lung cancer. J Robot Surg 2020; 14:709-715. [PMID: 31950332 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-020-01044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Robotic lung resection for lung cancer has gained popularity over the last 10 years. As with many surgical techniques, there are improvements in outcomes associated with increased operative volume. We sought to investigate lymph-node harvest and upstaging rates for robotic lobectomies performed at hospitals with varying robotic experience. The National Cancer Data Base was queried for patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer who received lobectomy between 2010 and 2015. Hospitals were stratified into volume categories based on the number of robotic resections performed, as a proxy for robotic experience: low at ≤ 12, low-middle 13-26, middle-high 27-52, and high volume at greater than or equal to 53. Lymph-node counts and nodal upstaging were compared among these volume categories. 8360 robotic lobectomies were performed. Mean lymph-node counts were for low, low-middle, middle-high, and high-volume robotic lobectomies were 9.8, 11.4, 12.9, and 12.6, respectively (P < 0.001), while nodal-upstaging rates were 10.3%, 10.2%, 12.8%, and 13.4%, respectively (P < 0.001). Compared to low-volume hospitals, on multivariable analysis, high-volume robotic centers had increased nodal harvest (P < 0.001) and nodal-upstaging rates (P < 0.001). Robotic lobectomies performed at high-volume hospitals have greater lymph-node harvest and upstaging than low-volume hospitals.
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Krebs ED, Mehaffey JH, Sarosiek BM, Blank RS, Lau CL, Martin LW. Is less really more? Reexamining video-assisted thoracoscopic versus open lobectomy in the setting of an enhanced recovery protocol. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 159:284-294.e1. [PMID: 31610965 PMCID: PMC10732414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy has been associated with improved pain, length of stay, and outcomes compared with open lobectomy. However, enhanced recovery protocols improve outcomes after both procedures. We aimed to compare video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open lobectomy in the setting of a comprehensive enhanced recovery protocol. METHODS All patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer at a single institution since the adoption of an enhanced recovery protocol (May 2016 to December 2018) were stratified by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open status and compared. Demographics and outcomes, including length of stay, daily pain scores, and short-term operative complications, were compared using standard univariate statistics and multivariable models. RESULTS A total of 130 patients underwent lobectomy, including 71 (54.6%) undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and 59 (45.4%) undergoing open surgery. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open cases exhibited similar length of stay (median 4 days for both, P = .07), opioid requirement (33.2 vs 30.8 mg morphine equivalents, P = .86), and pain scores at 0, 1, 2, and 3 days after surgery (4.3 vs 2.8, P = .12; 4.4 vs 3.7, P = .27; 3.9 vs 3.5, P = .83; and 3.4 vs 3.5, P = .98, respectively). Patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy exhibited lower rates of readmission (1.4% vs 17.0%, P < .01), postoperative transfusion requirement (0% vs 10.2%, P < .01), and pneumonia (1.4% vs 10.2%, P = .05). After risk adjustment, an open procedure (vs video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery status) did not significantly affect the length of stay (effect 0.18; P = .10) or overall complication rate (odds ratio, 1.9; P = .12). CONCLUSIONS In the setting of a comprehensive enhanced recovery protocol, patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open lobectomy exhibited similar short-term outcomes. Surgical incision may have less impact on outcomes in the setting of a comprehensive thoracic enhanced recovery protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Randal S Blank
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Christine L Lau
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Linda W Martin
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.
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Upstaging, centrality and survival in early stage non-small cell lung cancer video-assisted surgery: Lymph nodal upstaging in lung cancer surgery: is it really a surgical technique problem? Lung Cancer 2019; 144:85-86. [PMID: 31883687 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lutz JA, Seguin-Givelet A, Grigoroiu M, Brian E, Girard P, Gossot D. Oncological results of full thoracoscopic major pulmonary resections for clinical Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 55:263-270. [PMID: 30052990 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezy245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The full thoracoscopic approach to major pulmonary resections is considered challenging and controversial as it might compromise oncological outcomes. The aim of this work was to analyse the results of a full thoracoscopic technique in terms of nodal upstaging and survival in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). METHODS All patients who underwent a full thoracoscopic major pulmonary resection for NSCLC between 2007 and August 2016 were analysed from an 'intent-to-treat' prospective database. Overall survival and disease-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier curves and comparisons in survival using the log-rank test. RESULTS A total of 648 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 621 patients had clinical Stage I and 27 had higher stages (16 oligometastatic patients were excluded from the analysis, 11 cT3 or cT4). The mean follow-up was 34.5 months. There were 40 conversions to thoracotomy (6.3%). Thirty-day or in-hospital mortality was 0.95%. Complications occurred in 29.3% of patients. On pathological examination, 22.5% of clinical Stage I patients were upstaged. Nodal upstaging to N1 or N2 was observed in 15.8% of clinical Stage I patients. Five-year overall survival of the whole cohort was 75% and was significantly different between clinical Stages IA (76%) and IB (70.9%). For tumours <2 cm, no significant difference in overall survival was found for the segmentectomy group compared to the lobectomy group: 74% versus 78.9% (P = 0.634). CONCLUSIONS Long-term survival is not compromised by a full thoracoscopic approach. Our results compared favourably with those of video-assisted techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon A Lutz
- Thoracic Department, Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.,Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Agathe Seguin-Givelet
- Thoracic Department, Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France.,Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculty of Medicine SMBH, Bobigny, France
| | - Madalina Grigoroiu
- Thoracic Department, Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Brian
- Thoracic Department, Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Girard
- Thoracic Department, Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Gossot
- Thoracic Department, Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
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Guerrera F, Olland A, Ruffini E, Falcoz PE. VATS lobectomy vs. open lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer: an endless question-are we close to a definite answer? J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:5616-5618. [PMID: 32030283 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.12.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Guerrera
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, A.O.U. Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Anne Olland
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Enrico Ruffini
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, A.O.U. Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Falcoz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Decaluwé H, Petersen RH, Brunelli A, Pompili C, Seguin-Givelet A, Gust L, Aigner C, Falcoz PE, Rinieri P, Augustin F, Sokolow Y, Verhagen A, Depypere L, Papagiannopoulos K, Gossot D, D'Journo XB, Guerrera F, Baste JM, Schmid T, Stanzi A, Van Raemdonck D, Bardet J, Thomas PA, Massard G, Fieuws S, Moons J, Dooms C, De Leyn P, Hansen HJ. Multicentric evaluation of the impact of central tumour location when comparing rates of N1 upstaging in patients undergoing video-assisted and open surgery for clinical Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer†. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 53:359-365. [PMID: 29029062 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezx338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Large retrospective series have indicated lower rates of cN0 to pN1 nodal upstaging after video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) compared with open resections for Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of our multicentre study was to investigate whether the presumed lower rate of N1 upstaging after VATS disappears after correction for central tumour location in a multivariable analysis. METHODS Consecutive patients operated for PET-CT based clinical Stage I NSCLC were selected from prospectively managed surgical databases in 11 European centres. Central tumour location was defined as contact with bronchovascular structures on computer tomography and/or visibility on standard bronchoscopy. RESULTS Eight hundred and ninety-five patients underwent pulmonary resection by VATS (n = 699, 9% conversions) or an open technique (n = 196) in 2014. Incidence of nodal pN1 and pN2 upstaging was 8% and 7% after VATS and 15% and 6% after open surgery, respectively. pN1 was found in 27% of patients with central tumours. Less central tumours were operated on by VATS compared with the open technique (12% vs 28%, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that only tumour location had a significant impact on N1 upstaging (OR 6.2, confidence interval 3.6-10.8; P < 0.001) and that the effect of surgical technique (VATS versus open surgery) was no longer significant when accounting for tumour location. CONCLUSIONS A quarter of patients with central clinical Stage I NSCLC was upstaged to pN1 at resection. Central tumour location was the only independent factor associated with N1 upstaging, undermining the evidence for lower N1 upstaging after VATS resections. Studies investigating N1 upstaging after VATS compared with open surgery should be interpreted with caution due to possible selection bias, i.e. relatively more central tumours in the open group with a higher chance of N1 upstaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Decaluwé
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - René Horsleben Petersen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex Brunelli
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Cecilia Pompili
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Lucile Gust
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplantation and Diseases of the Esophagus, North University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Endoscopy, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Falcoz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Rinieri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Florian Augustin
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Youri Sokolow
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ad Verhagen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Lieven Depypere
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dominique Gossot
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Benoit D'Journo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplantation and Diseases of the Esophagus, North University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Francesco Guerrera
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marc Baste
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Schmid
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alessia Stanzi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Van Raemdonck
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeremy Bardet
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Pascal-Alexandre Thomas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplantation and Diseases of the Esophagus, North University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Massard
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Steffen Fieuws
- Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johnny Moons
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Dooms
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul De Leyn
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik Jessen Hansen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang H, Rueckert JC. Advocate the implementation of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy program for early stage lung cancer treatment: time to transfer from why to how. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:S202. [PMID: 31656781 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.07.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Competence Center of Thoracic Surgery, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Carsten Rueckert
- Department of Surgery, Competence Center of Thoracic Surgery, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Saito T, Murakawa T. Searching for an arrow hitting two targets: the time to evaluate long-term outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:S1995-S1998. [PMID: 31632808 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.06.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohito Saito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Murakawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Elkhayat H, Rivas DG. Long-term survival following thoracoscopic versus open lobectomy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:S147. [PMID: 31576354 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.06.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Elkhayat
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Assiut University, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Diego Gonzalez Rivas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery Unit (UCTMI), Coruña University Hospital, Coruña, Spain.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
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Pfannschmidt J, Kollmeier J. Ergebnisse der N1- und N2-Chirurgie beim nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkarzinom. Chirurg 2019; 90:974-981. [DOI: 10.1007/s00104-019-01029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Propensity-score adjusted comparison of pathologic nodal upstaging by robotic, video-assisted thoracoscopic, and open lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 158:1457-1466.e2. [PMID: 31623811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.06.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of intraoperative lymph node (LN) staging by comparing upstaging between robotic-assisted surgery, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), and open thoracotomy approach for lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 1053 patients with clinical stage N0/N1 non-small cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy at 2 centers between 2011 and 2018. Propensity score adjustment by inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to balance baseline characteristics. The primary end point was LN upstaging. RESULTS A total of 911 patients (254 robotic, 296 VATS, and 261 open) were included in the inverse probability of treatment weighting adjusted analysis. The overall rate of LN upstaging was highest with open lobectomy (21.8%), followed by robotic (16.2%), and VATS (12.3%) (P = .03). Mediastinal N2 upstaging was observed in similar frequencies (open 6.9% vs robotic 6.3% vs VATS 4.4%; P = .6). No differences were seen for total LN counts, but were observed in the number of stations sampled (mean, open 4.0 vs robotic 3.8 vs VATS 3.6; P = .001). On multivariate analysis, LN upstaging was lower for VATS compared with open (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.85), but not different between robotic and open (odds ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-1.18). No significant differences were seen in mediastinal N2 upstaging between groups. CONCLUSIONS Pathologic LN upstaging following lobectomy for clinically N0/N1 NSCLC remains high. Compared with a traditional thoracotomy approach, robotic lobectomy was associated with similar and VATS with lower overall nodal upstaging. A thorough evaluation of hilar and mediastinal LNs remains critical to ensure accurate staging by detection of occult LN metastases.
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Nachira D, Meacci E, Margaritora S, Ismail M. Level of evidence on long-term results after VATS lobectomy: state of the art. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:2192-2194. [PMID: 31372249 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.06.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dania Nachira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Meacci
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Margaritora
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mahmoud Ismail
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam, Academic Hospital of the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
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