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Malige A, Gates C, Cook JL. Mesenchymal stem cells in orthopaedics: A systematic review of applications to practice. J Orthop 2024; 58:1-9. [PMID: 39035449 PMCID: PMC11254590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have alluring interest for clinical use in orthopaedics based on their therapeutic potential through directed pluripotent differentiation. While many studies and reviews have discussed the importance of this approach, few have reduced it to practice using reproducible criteria. This study was designed to systematically review and synthesize current evidence regarding clinical use of clearly defined MSCs in orthopaedics. Methods Studies of any level of evidence and sample size, regardless of MSC source, orthopaedic pathology, and patient population, were reviewed. In vitro and animal studies, and articles written in a language other than English, were excluded. Studies were then screened for final inclusion based on documented MSC verification using testing of the therapeutic cellular population for at least one of the following phenotypic markers: CD 73, CD 90, and CD 105. In addition, therapeutic cellular populations could not have higher percentages of CD34, CD45, CD14, HLA-DR, CD11b, or CD19 markers compared to the aforementioned markers. From each studies' results, sample size, procedural methods, radiographic outcomes, clinical outcomes, patient-report outcomes (PROs), and adverse events were tabulated. Results Overall, 43 studies were included. Twenty-three studies (53.5 %) derived their MSCs from iliac crest bone marrow while 12 (27.9 %) studied adipose-derived MSCs. Included studies explored MSC use in Osteoarthritis, Cartilage Defects, Osteonecrosis, Bone Defects and Nonunions, Spine, and Other. MSC use in all pathologies led to improvement of studied radiographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes. Conclusions Mesenchymal stem cells have proven to have successful and safe uses in multiple orthopaedic applications, including treating chondral defects, osteoarthritis, and osteonecrosis. A stringent and reproducible process for evaluating obtained human stem cells using CD markers for clinical use is necessary to both evaluate previous studies and continue to evaluate for future uses. Level of evidence Level V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Malige
- Kerlan Jobe Orthopedic Clinic, 6801 Park Terrace, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA, 90045, USA
| | - Carson Gates
- University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James L. Cook
- University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
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2
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Chen Z, Xia X, Yao M, Yang Y, Ao X, Zhang Z, Guo L, Xu X. The dual role of mesenchymal stem cells in apoptosis regulation. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:250. [PMID: 38582754 PMCID: PMC10998921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely distributed pluripotent stem cells with powerful immunomodulatory capacity. MSCs transplantation therapy (MSCT) is widely used in the fields of tissue regeneration and repair, and treatment of inflammatory diseases. Apoptosis is an important way for tissues to maintain cell renewal, but it also plays an important role in various diseases. And many studies have shown that MSCs improves the diseases by regulating cell apoptosis. The regulation of MSCs on apoptosis is double-sided. On the one hand, MSCs significantly inhibit the apoptosis of diseased cells. On the other hand, MSCs also promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and excessive immune cells. Furthermore, MSCs regulate apoptosis through multiple molecules and pathways, including three classical apoptotic signaling pathways and other pathways. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the regulation of apoptosis by MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of General Surgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Mengwei Yao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of orthopedics, The 953th Hospital of PLA, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 906th Hospital of PLA, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Guo
- Endocrinology Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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3
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Whalen M, Akula M, McNamee SM, DeAngelis MM, Haider NB. Seeing the Future: A Review of Ocular Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:179. [PMID: 38391665 PMCID: PMC10886198 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular diseases present a unique challenge and opportunity for therapeutic development. The eye has distinct advantages as a therapy target given its accessibility, compartmentalization, immune privilege, and size. Various methodologies for therapeutic delivery in ocular diseases are under investigation that impact long-term efficacy, toxicity, invasiveness, and delivery range. While gene, cell, and antibody therapy and nanoparticle delivery directly treat regions that have been damaged by disease, they can be limited in the duration of the therapeutic delivery and have a focal effect. In contrast, contact lenses and ocular implants can more effectively achieve sustained and widespread delivery of therapies; however, they can increase dilution of therapeutics, which may result in reduced effectiveness. Current therapies either offer a sustained release or a broad therapeutic effect, and future directions should aim toward achieving both. This review discusses current ocular therapy delivery systems and their applications, mechanisms for delivering therapeutic products to ocular tissues, advantages and challenges associated with each delivery system, current approved therapies, and clinical trials. Future directions for the improvement in existing ocular therapies include combination therapies, such as combined cell and gene therapies, as well as AI-driven devices, such as cortical implants that directly transmit visual information to the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiya Whalen
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | | | | | - Margaret M DeAngelis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Neena B Haider
- Shifa Precision, Boston, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02138, USA
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4
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Chen Z, Yao MW, Ao X, Gong QJ, Yang Y, Liu JX, Lian QZ, Xu X, Zuo LJ. The expression mechanism of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 and its role in immunomodulatory ability of mesenchymal stem cells. Chin J Traumatol 2024; 27:1-10. [PMID: 38065706 PMCID: PMC10859298 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important immunosuppressive molecule, which inhibits the function of T cells and other immune cells by binding to the receptor programmed cell death-1. The PD-L1 expression disorder plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and treatment of sepsis or other inflammatory diseases, and has become an important target for the treatment of these diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells with multiple differentiation potential. In recent years, MSCs have been found to have a strong immunosuppressive ability and are used to treat various inflammatory insults caused by hyperimmune diseases. Moreover, PD-L1 is deeply involved in the immunosuppressive events of MSCs and plays an important role in the treatment of various diseases. In this review, we will summarize the main regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 expression, and discuss various biological functions of PD-L1 in the immune regulation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Meng-Wei Yao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Orthopedics, 953 Hospital of PLA, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, 857000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qing-Jia Gong
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jin-Xia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Qi-Zhou Lian
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Ling-Jing Zuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650034, China.
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Ranjbar FE, Farzad-Mohajeri S, Samani S, Saremi J, Khademi R, Dehghan MM, Azami M. Kaempferol-loaded bioactive glass-based scaffold for bone tissue engineering: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12375. [PMID: 37524784 PMCID: PMC10390521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of bone disorders among people especially in average age, the future of treatments for osseous abnormalities has been illuminated by scaffold-based bone tissue engineering. In this study, in vitro and in vivo properties of 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (bare (B.SC), Zein-coated (C.SC), and Zein-coated containing Kaempferol (KC.SC)) were evaluated. This is a follow-up study on our previously published paper, where we synthesized 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds coated with Kaempferol-loaded Zein biopolymer, and characterized from mostly engineering points of view to find the optimum composition. For this aim, in vitro assessments were done to evaluate the osteogenic capacity and biological features of the scaffolds. In the in vivo section, all types of scaffolds with/without bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) were implanted into rat calvaria bone defects, and potential of bone healing was assessed using imaging, staining, and histomorphometric analyses. It was shown that, Zein-coating covered surface cracks leading to better mechanical properties without negative effect on bioactivity and cell attachment. Also, BMSC differentiation proved that the presence of Kaempferol caused higher calcium deposition, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, bone-specific gene upregulation in vitro. Further, in vivo study confirmed positive effect of BMSC-loaded KC.SC on significant new bone formation resulting in complete bone regeneration. Combining physical properties of coated scaffolds with the osteogenic effect of Kaempferol and BMSCs could represent a new strategy for bone regeneration and provide a more effective approach to repairing critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Farzad-Mohajeri
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran
| | - Saeed Samani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Sahin N, Yesil H. Regenerative methods in osteoarthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2023; 37:101824. [PMID: 37244803 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2023.101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis that can affect all joint structures. The primary goals of osteoarthritis treatment are to alleviate pain, reduce functional limitations, and improve quality of life. Despite its high prevalence, treatment options for osteoarthritis are limited, with most therapeutic approaches focusing on symptom management. Tissue engineering and regenerative strategies based on biomaterials, cells, and other bioactive molecules have emerged as viable options for osteoarthritis cartilage repair. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most commonly used regenerative therapies today to protect, restore, or increase the function of damaged tissues. Despite promising results, there is conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of regenerative therapies, and their efficacy remains unknown. The data suggest that more research and standardization are required for the use of these therapies in osteoarthritis. This article provides an overview of the application of MSCs and PRP applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Sahin
- Balikesir University, Faculty of Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Balıkesir, Turkey.
| | - Hilal Yesil
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Afyon, Turkey.
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7
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Tomczak W, Winkler-Lach W, Tomczyk-Socha M, Misiuk-Hojło M. Advancements in Ocular Regenerative Therapies. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050737. [PMID: 37237549 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of stem cells (SCs) has emerged as a promising avenue in ophthalmology, offering potential therapeutic solutions for various vision impairments and degenerative eye diseases. SCs possess the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialised cell types, making them valuable tools for repairing damaged tissues and restoring visual function. Stem cell-based therapies hold significant potential for addressing conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), corneal disorders, and optic nerve damage. Therefore, researchers have explored different sources of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESC), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and adult stem cells, for ocular tissue regeneration. Preclinical studies and early-phase clinical trials have demonstrated promising outcomes, with some patients experiencing improved vision following stem cell-based interventions. However, several challenges remain, including optimising the differentiation protocols, ensuring transplanted cells' safety and long-term viability, and developing effective delivery methods. The field of stem cell research in ophthalmology witnesses a constant influx of new reports and discoveries. To effectively navigate these tons of information, it becomes crucial to summarise and systematise these findings periodically. In light of recent discoveries, this paper demonstrates the potential applications of stem cells in ophthalmology, focusing on their use in various eye tissues, including the cornea, retina, conjunctiva, iris, trabecular meshwork, lens, ciliary body, sclera, and orbital fat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marta Misiuk-Hojło
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50556 Wroclaw, Poland
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8
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Gopalarethinam J, Nair AP, Iyer M, Vellingiri B, Subramaniam MD. Advantages of mesenchymal stem cell over the other stem cells. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152041. [PMID: 37167794 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A stem cell is a particular group of cells that has the extraordinary potential to convert within the body into particular cell types. They are used to regenerate tissues and cells in the body that have been damaged or destroyed by the disease. Stem cells come in three different varieties: adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Embryonic stem cells have a high chance of immune rejection and also have ethical dilemmas and iPSCs have genetic instability. Adult stem cells are difficult to analyze and extract for research since they are frequently insufficient in native tissues. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) one of the categories of adult stem cells are stromal cells with a variety of potentials that can differentiate into a wide range of cell types. MSCs can be transplanted into a variety of people without worrying about rejection because they have demonstrated the ability to prevent an adverse reaction from the immune system. These transplants have powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and greatly enhance the body's inherent healing capacity. While MSCs do not offer treatment for illnesses, the idea behind them is to enable the body to recover sufficiently for a protracted reduction in symptoms. In many cases, this is sufficient to significantly enhance the patient's well-being. Inspite of several advantages some potential long-term concerns connected to MSC therapy are maldifferentiation, immunosuppression and cancerous tumor growth. In this review, we will compare the mesenchymal stem cells with other stem cells with respect to the source of origin, their properties and therapeutic applications, and discuss the MSC's disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Gopalarethinam
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Aswathy P Nair
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Mohana Devi Subramaniam
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.
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Luoma S, Sergeev P, Javarappa KK, Öhman TJ, Varjosalo M, Säily M, Anttila P, Sankelo M, Partanen A, Nihtinen A, Heckman CA, Silvennoinen R. Deep Immune Profiling of Multiple Myeloma at Diagnosis and under Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092604. [PMID: 37174069 PMCID: PMC10177338 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment interacts with malignant cells and regulates cancer survival and immune evasion in multiple myeloma (MM). We investigated the immune profiles of longitudinal bone marrow samples from patients with newly diagnosed MM (n = 18) using cytometry by time-of-flight. The results before and during treatment were compared between patients with good (GR, n = 11) and bad (BR, n = 7) responses to lenalidomide/bortezomib/dexamethasone-based treatment. Before treatment, the GR group had a lower tumor cell burden and a higher number of T cells with a phenotype shifted toward CD8+ T cells expressing markers attributed to cytotoxicity (CD45RA and CD57), a higher abundance of CD8+ terminal effector cells, and a lower abundance of CD8+ naïve T cells. On natural killer (NK) cells, increased expression of CD56 (NCAM), CD57, and CD16 was seen at baseline in the GR group, indicating their maturation and cytotoxic potential. During lenalidomide-based treatment, the GR patients showed an increase in effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets. These findings support distinct immune patterns in different clinical contexts, suggesting that deep immune profiling could be used for treatment guidance and warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Luoma
- Department of Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Philipp Sergeev
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Komal Kumar Javarappa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina J Öhman
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjaana Säily
- Hematology-Oncology Unit, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Pekka Anttila
- Department of Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja Sankelo
- Hematology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anu Partanen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Nihtinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, North Carelia Central Hospital, 80210 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Caroline A Heckman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raija Silvennoinen
- Department of Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
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Prognostic Signature for Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment of Ischemic Cerebral Infarction by Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9973232. [PMID: 36560962 PMCID: PMC9767723 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9973232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent studies, stem cell-based therapy is a potential new approach in the treatment of stroke. The mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUMSC) transplantation as one of the new approaches in the treatment of ischemic stroke is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the traits of immune responses during stroke progression after treatment with human umbilical cord blood MSCs by bioinformatics, to predict potential prognostic biomarkers that could lead to sex differences, and to reveal potential therapeutic targets. The microarray dataset GSE78731 (mRNA profile) of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. First, two potentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the Bioconductor R package. Ultimately, 30 specific DEGs were obtained (22 upregulated and 353 downregulated). Next, bioinformatic analysis was performed on these specific DEGs. We performed a comparison for the differentially expressed genes screened from between the hUMSC and MCAO groups. Gene Ontology enrichment and pathway enrichment analyses were then performed for annotation and visualization. Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation analysis shows that DEGs are mainly enriched in leukocyte migration, neutrophil activation, neutrophil degranulation, the external side of plasma membrane, cytokine receptor binding, and carbohydrate binding. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the first 5 enrichment pathways were cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signal pathway, viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and phagosome. The top 10 key genes of the constructed PPI network were screened, including Cybb, Ccl2, Cd68, Ptprc, C5ar1, Il-1b, Tlr2, Itgb2, Itgax, and Cd44. In summary, hUMSC is likely to be a promising means of treating IS by immunomodulation.
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Kim J, Tran ANT, Lee JY, Park SH, Park SR, Min BH, Choi BH. Human Fetal Cartilage-Derived Progenitor Cells Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Effect on IL-1β-Mediated Osteoarthritis Phenotypes In Vitro. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:1237-1250. [PMID: 35932427 PMCID: PMC9679083 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we have investigated whether human fetal cartilage progenitor cells (hFCPCs) have anti-inflammatory activity and can alleviate osteoarthritis (OA) phenotypes in vitro. METHODS hFCPCs were stimulated with various cytokines and their combinations and expression of paracrine factors was examined to find an optimal priming factor. Human chondrocytes or SW982 synoviocytes were treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to produce OA phenotype, and co-cultured with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I-C))-primed hFCPCs to address their anti-inflammatory effect by measuring the expression of OA-related genes. The effect of poly(I-C) on the surface marker expression and differentiation of hFCPCs into 3 mesodermal lineages was also examined. RESULTS Among the priming factors tested, poly(I-C) (1 µg/mL) most significantly induced the expression of paracrine factors such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, histocompatibility antigen, class I, G, tumor necrosis factor- stimulated gene-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, transforming growth factor-β1 and hepatocyte growth factor from hFCPCs. In the OA model in vitro, co-treatment of poly(I-C)-primed hFCPCs significantly alleviated IL-1β-induced expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and IL-1β, and matrix metalloproteinases in SW982, while it increased the expression of cartilage extracellular matrix such as aggrecan and collagen type II in human chondrocytes. We also found that treatment of poly(I-C) did not cause significant changes in the surface marker profile of hFCPCs, while showed some changes in the 3 lineages differentiation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that poly(I-C)-primed hFCPCs have an ability to modulate inflammatory response and OA phenotypes in vitro and encourage further studies to apply them in animal models of OA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - An Nguyen-Thuy Tran
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Pusan, 48513, Korea
| | - So Ra Park
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea.,Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
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Puri S, Moreno IY, Sun M, Verma S, Lin X, Gesteira TF, Coulson-Thomas VJ. Hyaluronan supports the limbal stem cell phenotype during ex vivo culture. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:384. [PMID: 35907870 PMCID: PMC9338506 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronan (HA) has previously been identified as an integral component of the limbal stem cell niche in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether a similar HA matrix is also expressed in vitro providing a niche supporting limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) during ex vivo expansion. We also investigated whether providing exogenous HA in vitro is beneficial to LESCs during ex vivo expansion. METHOD Human LESCs (hLESCs) were isolated from donor corneas and a mouse corneal epithelial progenitor cell line (TKE2) was obtained. The HA matrix was identified surrounding LESCs in vitro using immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry and red blood exclusion assay. Thereafter, LESCs were maintained on HA coated dishes or in the presence of HA supplemented in the media, and viability, proliferation, cell size, colony formation capabilities and expression of putative stem cell markers were compared with cells maintained on commonly used coated dishes. RESULTS hLESCs and TKE2 cells express an HA-rich matrix in vitro, and this matrix is essential for maintaining LESCs. Further supplying exogenous HA, as a substrate and supplemented to the media, increases LESC proliferation, colony formation capabilities and the expression levels of putative limbal stem cell markers. CONCLUSION Our data show that both exogenous and endogenous HA help to maintain the LESC phenotype. Exogenous HA provides improved culture conditions for LESC during ex vivo expansion. Thus, HA forms a favorable microenvironment for LESCs during ex vivo expansion and, therefore, could be considered as an easy and cost-effective substrate and/or supplement for culturing LESCs in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudan Puri
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Isabel Y Moreno
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mingxia Sun
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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13
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Sharma A, Gupta S, Archana S, Verma RS. Emerging Trends in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications for Cardiac Regenerative Therapy: Current Status and Advances. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1546-1602. [PMID: 35122226 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Irreversible myocardium infarction is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related death and its quantum is expected to grow in coming years. Pharmacological intervention has been at the forefront to ameliorate injury-related morbidity and mortality. However, its outcomes are highly skewed. As an alternative, stem cell-based tissue engineering/regenerative medicine has been explored quite extensively to regenerate the damaged myocardium. The therapeutic modality that has been most widely studied both preclinically and clinically is based on adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) delivered to the injured heart. However, there is debate over the mechanistic therapeutic role of MSC in generating functional beating cardiomyocytes. This review intends to emphasize the role and use of MSC in cardiac regenerative therapy (CRT). We have elucidated in detail, the various aspects related to the history and progress of MSC use in cardiac tissue engineering and its multiple strategies to drive cardiomyogenesis. We have further discussed with a focus on the various therapeutic mechanism uncovered in recent times that has a significant role in ameliorating heart-related problems. We reviewed recent and advanced technologies using MSC to develop/create tissue construct for use in cardiac regenerative therapy. Finally, we have provided the latest update on the usage of MSC in clinical trials and discussed the outcome of such studies in realizing the full potential of MSC use in clinical management of cardiac injury as a cellular therapy module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sharma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santosh Gupta
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Archana
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Khawaja H, Fazal N, Yaqub F, Ahmad MR, Hanif M, Yousaf MA, Latief N. Protective and proliferative effect of Aesculus indica extract on stressed human adipose stem cells via downregulation of NF-κB pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258762. [PMID: 34679084 PMCID: PMC8535185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory microenvironment after transplantation affects the proliferation and causes senescence of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) thus compromising their clinical efficacy. Priming stem cells with herbal extracts is considered very promising to improve their viability in the inflammatory milieu. Aesculus indica (A. indica) is used to treat many inflammatory diseases in Asia for decades. Herein, we explored the protective role of A. indica extract on human adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hADMSCs) against Monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA) induced stress in vitro. A. indica ameliorated the injury as depicted by significantly enhanced proliferation, viability, improved cell migration and superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, reduced lactate dehydrogenase activity, reactive oxygen species release, senescent and apoptotic cells were detected in A. indica primed hADMSCs. Downregulation of NF-κB pathway and associated inflammatory genes, NF-κB p65/RelA and p50/NF-κB 1, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 1 (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) were observed in A. indica primed hADMSCs as compared to stressed hADMSCs. Complementary to gene expression, A. indica priming reduced the release of transcription factor p65, inhibitory-κB kinase (IKK) α and β, IL-1β and TNF-α proteins expression. Our data elucidates that A. indica extract preconditioning rescued hADMSCs against oxidative stress and improved their therapeutic potential by relieving inflammation through regulation of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah Khawaja
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Numan Fazal
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Yaqub
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rauf Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Hanif
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amin Yousaf
- Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Burn & Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Latief
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail: ,
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15
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Fazaeli H, Kalhor N, Naserpour L, Davoodi F, Sheykhhasan M, Hosseini SKE, Rabiei M, Sheikholeslami A. A Comparative Study on the Effect of Exosomes Secreted by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose and Bone Marrow Tissues in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis-Induced Mouse Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9688138. [PMID: 34616850 PMCID: PMC8490078 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9688138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes as extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale intercellular messengers secreted from cells to deliver biological signals. Today, exosomes have become a new field of research in regenerative medicine and are considered as potential therapies to control inflammation and wound healing and enhance and improve healing in many diseases. Given the global burden of osteoarthritis (OA) as the fastest-growing health condition and one of the major causes of physical disability in the aging population, research to establish EVs as therapeutic products can meet the basic clinical needs in the management of osteoarthritis and provide a therapeutic solution. OBJECTIVES The present study is aimed at evaluating the regenerative potentials of the exosomes secreted from adipose and bone marrow tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD- and BM-MSCs) in ameliorating the symptoms of OA. METHOD In this experimental study, AD- and BM-MSCs were isolated and cultured in the laboratory until passage 3. Finally, these cells' secreted exosomes were isolated from their conditioned medium. Ciprofloxacin-induced OA mouse models underwent intra-articular injection of exosomes from AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Finally, the expression levels of collagen I and II, sox9, and aggrecan genes using real-time PCR, histological analysis, and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies were performed. RESULTS Real-time PCR data showed that although the expression level of collagen type II was lower in both exosome-treated groups than the normal, but it was significantly increased in comparison with the sham and OA, with higher expression in BM-Exo rather than AD-Exo group. Similarly, the histological staining and IHC results have provided almost identical data, emphasizing on better therapeutic effect of BM-MSCs-exosome than AD-MSCs-exosome. CONCLUSION BM-MSCs secreted exosomes in comparison with AD-MSCs could be considered as a better therapeutic option to improve osteoarthritis and exhibit potential as a disease-modifying osteoarthritis cell-free product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Fazaeli
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Naser Kalhor
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Leila Naserpour
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Faezeh Davoodi
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Rabiei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Azad Islamic University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | - Azar Sheikholeslami
- Department of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
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16
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Azam M, Ghufran H, Butt H, Mehmood A, Ashfaq R, Ilyas AM, Ahmad MR, Riazuddin S. Curcumin preconditioning enhances the efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to accelerate healing of burn wounds. BURNS & TRAUMA 2021; 9:tkab021. [PMID: 34514007 PMCID: PMC8430278 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Following recent findings from our group that curcumin preconditioning augments the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells in the healing of diabetic wounds in rats, we aimed to investigate the regenerative effects of curcumin preconditioned adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) for better recovery of acid inflicted burns in this study. Methods ASCs were preconditioned with 5 μM curcumin for 24 hours and assessed for proliferation, migration, paracrine release potential and gene expression comparative to naïve ASCs. Subsequently, the healing capacity of curcumin preconditioned ASCs (Cur-ASCs) versus naïve ASCs was examined using acidic wounds in rats. For this, acid inflicted burns of 20 mm in diameter were made on the back of male Wistar rats. Then, 2 × 106 cells of Cur-ASCs and naïve ASCs were intradermally injected in the wound periphery (n = 6) for comparison with an untreated saline control. Post-transplantation, wounds were macroscopically analysed and photographed to evaluate the percentage of wound closure and period of re-epithelization. Healed wound biopsies were excised and used for histological evaluation and expression analysis of wound healing markers at molecular level by quantitative PCR and western blotting. Results We found that Cur-ASCs exhibited greater proliferation, migration and paracrine potential in vitro. Further, Cur-ASCs showed more effective recovery than naïve ASCs as exhibited by gross morphology, faster wound closure and earlier re-epithelialization. Masson’s trichrome and hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated the improved architecture of the healing burns, as evidenced by reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, compact collagen and marked granulation in Cur-ASC treated rats. Corroborating these findings, molecular assessment showed significantly reduced expressions of pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha) a with striking upsurge of an oxidative marker (superoxide dismutase 1), pro-angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha) and collagen markers (transforming growth factor beta 1, fibroblast growth factor-2, collagen type 1 alpha 1), verifying that Cur-ASCs modulate the regulation of pro-inflammatory and healing markers at burn sites. Conclusions Treatment with Cur-ASCs resulted in faster re-epithelization of acid inflicted burns compared to the treatment with naïve ASCs. Based on observed findings, we suggest the transplantation of Cur-ASCs is a valuable therapy for the potent clinical management of acidic burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azam
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Ghufran
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hira Butt
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ramla Ashfaq
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asad M Ilyas
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad R Ahmad
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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17
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Corneal Epithelial Stem Cells-Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Options. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092302. [PMID: 34571952 PMCID: PMC8465583 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human cornea, regeneration of the epithelium is regulated by the stem cell reservoir of the limbus, which is the marginal region of the cornea representing the anatomical and functional border between the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. In support of this concept, extensive limbal damage, e.g., by chemical or thermal injury, inflammation, or surgery, may induce limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) leading to vascularization and opacification of the cornea and eventually vision loss. These acquired forms of limbal stem cell deficiency may occur uni- or bilaterally, which is important for the choice of treatment. Moreover, a variety of inherited diseases, such as congenital aniridia or dyskeratosis congenita, are characterized by LSCD typically occurring bilaterally. Several techniques of autologous and allogenic stem cell transplantation have been established. The limbus can be restored by transplantation of whole limbal grafts, small limbal biopsies or by ex vivo-expanded limbal cells. In this review, the physiology of the corneal epithelium, the pathophysiology of LSCD, and the therapeutic options will be presented.
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18
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Meng H, Wei F, Zhou Y, Hu L, Ge Z, Jin J, Wang H, Wu CT. Overexpression of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Dental Pulp Stem Cells Ameliorates the Severity of Psoriasis by Reducing Inflammatory Responses. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:876-889. [PMID: 34155928 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease still lacking standard treatment, and it has been demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of immunoregulation. The underlying mechanism might involve the secretion of soluble cytokines, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of HGF-overexpressed dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) [DPSCs; HGF overexpressed DPSCs (HGF-DPSCs)] on imiquimod-induced psoriasis. DPSCs were isolated and transfected by adenovirus vector carrying HGF gene (Ad-HGF). The immunoregulatry abilities of DPSCs and HGF-DPSCs were investigated by coculture of the MSCs with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) under appropriated stimulation. The psoriatic mice were treated with saline control, DPSCs, or HGF-DPSCs. Then the mice spleens were collected and weighted. The psoriatic skin lesions were analyzed by Hematoxylin/Eosin and immunohistochemical staining for histopathological changes, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the expression levels of CD4+ T cell-related transcription factors and cytokines. The mice blood serum was measured by MILLIPLEX analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the expression levels of inflammation cytokines. The coculture experiments showed HGF overexpression enhanced the immunoregulation abilities of DPSCs not by suppressing PBMCs' proliferation, but by downregulating T helper 1 (Th1), Th17 cells, and upregulating regulatory T (Treg) cells. In psoriatic skin lesions, the psoriasis-like erythema, scaling, and thickening were ameliorated; and the expression of cytokeratin 6 (CK6), and cytokeratin 17 (CK17) were downregulated by DPSCs and HGF-DPSCs treatment. HGF overexpression enhanced the decrease of spleen masses; enhanced the downregulation of the expression levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin (IL)-17A in the blood serums; enhanced the downregulation of T-box transcription factor 21 (T-bet), IFN-γ, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt), IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-23, and upregulation of Foxp3 and IL-10 in the psoriatic skin lesions. Therefore, HGF overexpression enhanced DPSCs' treatment effect on psoriasis mainly by reducing inflammatory responses. These findings might provide new immunoregulation strategies for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fen Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hu
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jide Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
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19
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Nieto-Nicolau N, Martínez-Conesa EM, Fuentes-Julián S, Arnalich-Montiel F, García-Tuñón I, De Miguel MP, Casaroli-Marano RP. Priming human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for corneal surface regeneration. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5124-5137. [PMID: 33951289 PMCID: PMC8178265 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Limbal stem cells (LSC) maintain the transparency of the corneal epithelium. Chemical burns lead the loss of LSC inducing an up-regulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors, triggering corneal neovascularization and blindness. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSC) have shown promise in animal models to treat LSC deficiency (LSCD), but there are not studies showing their efficacy when primed with different media before transplantation. We cultured AT-MSC with standard medium and media used to culture LSC for clinical application. We demonstrated that different media changed the AT-MSC paracrine secretion showing different paracrine effector functions in an in vivo model of chemical burn and in response to a novel in vitro model of corneal inflammation by alkali induction. Treatment of LSCD with AT-MSC changed the angiogenic and inflammatory cytokine profile of mice corneas. AT-MSC cultured with the medium that improved their cytokine secretion, enhanced the anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory profile of the treated corneas. Those corneas also presented better outcome in terms of corneal transparency, neovascularization and histologic reconstruction. Priming human AT-MSC with LSC specific medium can potentiate their ability to improve corneal wound healing, decrease neovascularization and inflammation modulating paracrine effector functions in an in vivo optimized rat model of LSCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Nieto-Nicolau
- CellTec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Tissue Bank (BTB), Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research IIB-Sant Pau (SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva M Martínez-Conesa
- Barcelona Tissue Bank (BTB), Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research IIB-Sant Pau (SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Ignacio García-Tuñón
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, La Paz Hospital Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - María P De Miguel
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, La Paz Hospital Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo P Casaroli-Marano
- CellTec-UB, Department of Cell Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Tissue Bank (BTB), Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research IIB-Sant Pau (SGR1113), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Surgery & Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Sperling AS, Anderson KC. Facts and Hopes in Multiple Myeloma Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4468-4477. [PMID: 33771856 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the hallmarks of cancer is the ability of neoplastic cells to evade and suppress immune surveillance to allow their growth and evolution. Nowhere is this as apparent as in multiple myeloma, a cancer of antibody-producing plasma cells, where a complex interplay between neoplastic cells and the immune microenvironment is required for the development and progression of disease. Decades of research has led to the discovery of a number of therapeutic agents, from cytotoxic drugs to genetically engineered cells that mediate their antimyeloma effects at least partially through altering these immune interactions. In this review, we discuss the history of immunotherapy and current practices in multiple myeloma, as well as the advances that promise to one day offer a cure for this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Sperling
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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21
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Li S, Shao L, Xu T, Jiang X, Yang G, Dong L. An indispensable tool: Exosomes play a role in therapy for radiation damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111401. [PMID: 33761615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the three main treatments for tumors. Almost 70% of tumor patients undergo radiotherapy at different periods. Although radiotherapy can enhance the local control rate of tumors and patients' quality of life, normal tissues often show radiation damage following radiotherapy. In recent years, several studies have shown that exosomes could be biomarkers for diseases and be involved in the treatment of radiation damage. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles containing complex miRNAs and proteins. They can regulate the inflammatory response, enhance the regeneration effect of damaged tissue, and promote the repair of damaged tissues and cells, extending their survival time. In addition, their functions are achieved by paracrine signaling. In this review, we discuss the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and introduce the impact of exosomes on radiation damage in different organs and the hematopoietic system in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lihong Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Tiankai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Guozi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lihua Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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22
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Pishavar E, Luo H, Bolander J, Atala A, Ramakrishna S. Nanocarriers, Progenitor Cells, Combinational Approaches, and New Insights on the Retinal Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1776. [PMID: 33579019 PMCID: PMC7916765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Progenitor cells derived from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPECs) have shown promise as therapeutic approaches to degenerative retinal disorders including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease. However, the degeneration of Bruch's membrane (BM), the natural substrate for the RPE, has been identified as one of the major limitations for utilizing RPECs. This degeneration leads to decreased support, survival and integration of the transplanted RPECs. It has been proposed that the generation of organized structures of nanofibers, in an attempt to mimic the natural retinal extracellular matrix (ECM) and its unique characteristics, could be utilized to overcome these limitations. Furthermore, nanoparticles could be incorporated to provide a platform for improved drug delivery and sustained release of molecules over several months to years. In addition, the incorporation of tissue-specific genes and stem cells into the nanostructures increased the stability and enhanced transfection efficiency of gene/drug to the posterior segment of the eye. This review discusses available drug delivery systems and combination therapies together with challenges associated with each approach. As the last step, we discuss the application of nanofibrous scaffolds for the implantation of RPE progenitor cells with the aim to enhance cell adhesion and support a functionally polarized RPE monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Pishavar
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran;
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Hongrong Luo
- Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
| | - Johanna Bolander
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Antony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore
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23
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Alahdal M, Zhang H, Huang R, Sun W, Deng Z, Duan L, Ouyang H, Wang D. Potential efficacy of dendritic cell immunomodulation in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:507-517. [PMID: 33249512 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a cluster of heterogeneous antigen-presenting cells that play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Rare reports have discussed their role in OA immunopathogenesis. Recently, DCs derived from the synovial fluid of OA mice were shown to have increased expression of toll-like receptors. Moreover, from in vitro studies it was concluded that DCs derived from OA patients had secreted high levels of inflammatory cytokines. Likewise, a significant increase in CD123+BDCA-2 plasmacytoid DCs has been observed in the synovial fluid of OA patients. Furthermore, DCs have a peripheral tolerance potential and can become regulatory under specific circumstances. This could be exploited as a promising tool to eliminate immunoinflammatory manifestations in OA disease. In this review, the potential roles DCs could play in OA pathogenesis have been described. In addition, suggestions for the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies involving intra-articular injections of tolerogenic plasmacytoid DCs for treating OA inflammations have been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Alahdal
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Rongxiang Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Tavasolian F, Hosseini AZ, Soudi S, Naderi M. miRNA-146a Improves Immunomodulatory Effects of MSC-derived Exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 20:297-312. [DOI: 10.2174/1566523220666200916120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a severe inflammatory joint disorder, and several
studies have taken note of the probability that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in
RA pathogenesis. MiR-146 and miR-155 arose as primary immune response regulators. Mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) immunomodulatory function is primarily regulated by paracrine factors,
such as exosomes. Exosomes, which serve as carriers of genetic information in cell-to-cell communication,
transmit miRNAs between cells and have been studied as vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic
molecules.
Aims:
The current research aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of miR-146a/miR-155 transduced
mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-derived exosomes on the immune response.
Methods:
Here, exosomes were extracted from normal MSCs with over-expressed
miR-146a/miR-155; Splenocytes were isolated from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and control
mice. Expression levels miR-146a and miR-155 were then monitored. Flow cytometry was performed
to assess the impact of the exosomes on regulatory T-cell (Treg) levels. Expression of some
key autoimmune response genes and their protein products, including retinoic acid-related orphan
receptor (ROR)-γt, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-17, -6, -10, and transforming
growth factor (TGF)-β in the Splenocytes was determined using both quantitative real-time PCR
and ELISA. The results showed that miR-146a was mainly down-regulated in CIA mice. Treatment
with MSC-derived exosomes and miR-146a/miR-155-transduced MSC-derived exosomes significantly
altered the CIA mice Treg cell levels compared to in control mice.
Results:
Ultimately, such modulation may promote the recovery of appropriate T-cell responses in
inflammatory situations such as RA.
Conclusion:
miR-146a-transduced MSC-derived exosomes also increased forkhead box P3 (Fox-
P3), TGFβ and IL-10 gene expression in the CIA mice; miR-155 further increased the gene expressions
of RORγt, IL-17, and IL-6 in these mice. Based on the findings here, Exosomes appears to
promote the direct intracellular transfer of miRNAs between cells and to represent a possible therapeutic
strategy for RA. The manipulation of MSC-derived exosomes with anti-inflammatory miRNA
may increase Treg cell populations and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Tavasolian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zavaran Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Naderi
- Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Haque N, Fareez IM, Fong LF, Mandal C, Kasim NHA, Kacharaju KR, Soesilawati P. Role of the CXCR4-SDF1-HMGB1 pathway in the directional migration of cells and regeneration of affected organs. World J Stem Cells 2020. [DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.0000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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26
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Haque N, Fareez IM, Fong LF, Mandal C, Abu Kasim NH, Kacharaju KR, Soesilawati P. Role of the CXCR4-SDF1-HMGB1 pathway in the directional migration of cells and regeneration of affected organs. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:938-951. [PMID: 33033556 PMCID: PMC7524697 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have reported positive outcomes of cell-based therapies despite insufficient engraftment of transplanted cells. These findings have created a huge interest in the regenerative potential of paracrine factors released from transplanted stem or progenitor cells. Interestingly, this notion has also led scientists to question the role of proteins in the secretome produced by cells, tissues or organisms under certain conditions or at a particular time of regenerative therapy. Further studies have revealed that the secretomes derived from different cell types contain paracrine factors that could help to prevent apoptosis and induce proliferation of cells residing within the tissues of affected organs. This could also facilitate the migration of immune, progenitor and stem cells within the body to the site of inflammation. Of these different paracrine factors present within the secretome, researchers have given proper consideration to stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) that plays a vital role in tissue-specific migration of the cells needed for regeneration. Recently researchers recognized that SDF1 could facilitate site-specific migration of cells by regulating SDF1-CXCR4 and/or HMGB1-SDF1-CXCR4 pathways which is vital for tissue regeneration. Hence in this study, we have attempted to describe the role of different types of cells within the body in facilitating regeneration while emphasizing the HMGB1-SDF1-CXCR4 pathway that orchestrates the migration of cells to the site where regeneration is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmul Haque
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Ismail M Fareez
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Liew Fong Fong
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Chanchal Mandal
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
- Faculty of Dentistry, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 411007, Indonesia
| | - Kranthi Raja Kacharaju
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry MAHSA University, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Pratiwi Soesilawati
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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27
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Song Y, Zhang J, Xu H, Lin Z, Chang H, Liu W, Kong L. Mesenchymal stem cells in knee osteoarthritis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Translat 2020; 24:121-130. [PMID: 32913710 PMCID: PMC7452318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Stem cells are considered to be one of the greatest potential treatments to cure degenerative diseases. Stem cells injection for knee osteoarthritis (OA) is still a relatively new treatment and has not yet gained popularity. So, the effectiveness, safety and potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for knee OA treatment is worthy to be explored. Explore the effectiveness and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. We collected clinical trials using MSCs as treatment for knee OA (before April 2019), including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective studies and cohort studies. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the ClinicalTrials.gov with keywords (Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs], Knee osteoarthritis, Effectiveness and Safety), and then performed a systematic review and cumulative metaanalysis of all RCTs and retrospective comparative studies. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MSC in knee OA treatment, we applied visual analog scale score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteo-arthritis Index and adverse events. We included 15 RCTs, two retrospective studies and two cohort studies including a total of 584 knee OA patients in this study. We demonstrated that MSC treatment could significantly decrease visual analog scale in a 12-month follow-up study compared with controls (p < 0.001). MSC therapy also showed significant decreases in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores after the 6-month follow-up (p < 0.001). MSC therapy showed no difference compared with controls (p > 0.05) in adverse events. We suggest that MSC therapy could serve as an effective and safe therapy for clinical application in OA treatment. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE This study provided the best available evidence and a wider perspective to MSCs application in the management of knee OA. MSCs therapy will have great translational potential in the clinical treatment of various degenerative diseases once optimum formula and explicit target population are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 19 Nonglinxia Rd., Yuexiu District, 510000, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhujian Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Kong
- Department of Basic Research & International Cooperation, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Basic Research & International Cooperation, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.
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28
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Stadiotti I, Piacentini L, Vavassori C, Chiesa M, Scopece A, Guarino A, Micheli B, Polvani G, Colombo GI, Pompilio G, Sommariva E. Human Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Right and Left Ventricles Display Differences in Number, Function, and Transcriptomic Profile. Front Physiol 2020; 11:604. [PMID: 32670081 PMCID: PMC7327120 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) are characterized by well-known physiological differences, mainly related to their different embryological origin, hemodynamic environment, function, structure, and cellular composition. Nevertheless, scarce information is available about cellular peculiarities between left and right ventricular chambers in physiological and pathological contexts. Cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (C-MSC) are key cells affecting many functions of the heart. Differential features that distinguish LV from RV C-MSC are still underappreciated. AIM To analyze the physiological differential amount, function, and transcriptome of human C-MSC in LV versus (vs.) RV. METHODS Human cardiac specimens of LV and RV from healthy donors were used for tissue analysis of C-MSC number, and for C-MSC isolation. Paired LV and RV C-MSC were compared as for surface marker expression, cell proliferation/death ratio, migration, differentiation capabilities, and transcriptome profile. RESULTS Histological analysis showed a greater percentage of C-MSC in RV vs. LV tissue. Moreover, a higher C-MSC amount was obtained from RV than from LV after isolation procedures. LV and RV C-MSC are characterized by a similar proportion of surface markers. Functional studies revealed comparable cell growth curves in cells from both ventricles. Conversely, LV C-MSC displayed a higher apoptosis rate and RV C-MSC were characterized by a higher migration speed and collagen deposition. Consistently, transcriptome analysis showed that genes related to apoptosis regulation or extracellular matrix organization and integrins were over-expressed in LV and RV, respectively. Besides, we revealed additional pathways specifically associated with LV or RV C-MSC, including energy metabolism, inflammatory response, cardiac conduction, and pluripotency. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results contribute to the functional characterization of RV and LV C-MSC in physiological conditions. This information suggests a possible differential role of the stromal compartment in chamber-specific pathologic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Stadiotti
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Piacentini
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vavassori
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Chiesa
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scopece
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Guarino
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Micheli
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Polvani
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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29
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Jabbarpour Z, Kiani J, Keshtkar S, Saidijam M, Ghahremani MH, Ahmadbeigi N. Effects of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells with NK4 gene expression on glioblastoma multiforme cell lines. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1362-1373. [PMID: 31595570 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poor prognosis and low survival are commonly seen in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Due to the specific nature of solid tumors such as GBM, delivery of therapeutic agents to the tumor sites is difficult. So, one of the major challenges in the treatment of these tumors is a selection of appropriate method for drug delivery. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a unique characteristic in migration toward the tumor tissue. In this regard, the present study examined the antitumor effects of manipulating human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) with NK4 expression (PDMSC-NK4) on GBM cells. After separation and characterization of PDMSCs, these cells were transduced with NK4 which was known as the antagonist of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The results indicated that engineered PDMSCs preferably migrate into GBM cells by transwell coculture system. In addition, the proliferation of the GBM cells significantly reduced after coculture with these cells. In fact, manipulated PDMSCs inhibited growth of tumor cells by induction of apoptosis. Our findings suggested that besides having antitumor effects, PDMSCs can also be applied as an ideal cellular vehicle to target the glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jabbarpour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Kiani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Keshtkar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Ghahremani
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Ahmadbeigi
- Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Kazemi M, Dehghan MM, Azami M. Biological evaluation of porous nanocomposite scaffolds based on strontium substituted β-TCP and bioactive glass: An in vitro and in vivo study. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110071. [PMID: 31546377 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, in vitro analysis of the osteogenic potential of different scaffolds based on strontium-substituted β-TCP (Sr-TCP) and bioactive glass (BG) ceramics was conducted using rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and the osteogenic ability of the prepared Sr-TCP and BG scaffold was evaluated through alkaline phosphatase activity, mineral deposition by Alizarin red staining, and osteoblastic gene expression experiments. The obtained in vitro results revealed that among experimental Sr-TCP/BG nanocomposite scaffold samples with the composition of Sr-TCP/BG: 100/0, 50/50, 75/25, and 25/75, the 50Sr-TCP/50BG sample presented better osteoinductive properties. Therefore, the optimized 50Sr-TCP/50BG nanocomposite scaffold was chosen for further in vivo experiments. In vivo implantation of 50Sr-TCP/50BG scaffold and hydroxyapatite (HA)/TCP granules in a rabbit calvarial defect model showed slow degradation of 50Sr-TCP/50BG scaffold and high resorption rate of HA/TCP granules at 5 months' post-surgery. However, the 50Sr-TCP/50BG scaffolds loaded by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were mainly replaced with new bone even at 2 months post-implantation. Based on the obtained engineering and biological results, 50Sr-TCP/50BG nanocomposite scaffold containing MSCs could be considered as a promising alternative substitute even for load-bearing bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansure Kazemi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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31
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Samaeekia R, Rabiee B, Putra I, Shen X, Park YJ, Hematti P, Eslani M, Djalilian AR. Effect of Human Corneal Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Exosomes on Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:5194-5200. [PMID: 30372747 PMCID: PMC6203220 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used therapeutically to modulate inflammation and promote repair. Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, have been identified as one of the important mediators. This study investigated the effect of human corneal MSC-derived exosomes on corneal epithelial wound healing. Methods Corneal MSCs (cMSCs) were isolated from human cadaver corneas. The secretome was collected after 72 hours and exosomes were isolated using differential ultracentrifugation. Morphology and size of exosomes were examined by electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Expression of CD9, CD63, and CD81 by cMSC exosomes was evaluated by western blotting. Cellular uptake of exosomes was studied using calcein-stained exosomes. The effect of exosome on wound healing was measured in vitro using a scratch assay and in vivo after 2-mm epithelial debridement wounds in mice. Results cMSC exosomes were morphologically round and main population ranged between 40 and 100 nm in diameter. They expressed CD9, CD63, and CD81, and did not express GM130, Calnexin, and Cytochrome-C. Stained cMSC exosomes were successfully taken up by human cMSCs, human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), and human macrophages in vitro and by corneal epithelium in vivo. In scratch assay, after 16 hours, cMSC exosome treated HCECs had 30.1% ± 14% remaining wound area compared to 72.9% ± 8% in control (P < 0.005). In vivo, after 72 hours, cMSC exosome-treated corneas had 77.5% ± 3% corneal wound healing compared to 41.6% ± 7% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Human cMSC exosomes can accelerate corneal epithelial wound healing, and thus, may provide a therapeutic approach for ocular surface injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravand Samaeekia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Behnam Rabiee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ilham Putra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Xiang Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Young Jae Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Medi Eslani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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32
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Lupu‐Haber Y, Bronshtein T, Shalom‐Luxenburg H, D'Atri D, Oieni J, Kaneti L, Shagan A, Hamias S, Amram L, Kaneti G, Cohen Anavy N, Machluf M. Pretreating Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Cancer Conditioned-Media or Proinflammatory Cytokines Changes the Tumor and Immune Targeting by Nanoghosts Derived from these Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801589. [PMID: 30963725 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanoghosts (NGs) are nanovesicles reconstructed from the cytoplasmic membranes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). By retaining MSC membranes, the NGs retain the ability of these cells to home in on multiple tumors, laying the foundations, thereby, for the development of a targeted drug delivery platform. The susceptibility of MSCs to functional changes, following their exposure to cytokines or cancer-derived conditioned-media (CM), presents the opportunity to modify the NGs by conditioning their source cells. This opportunity is investigated by comparing the membrane protein composition and the tumor uptake of NGs derived from naïve MSCs (N-NG) against conditioned NGs made from MSCs pre-treated with conditioned-media (CM-NG) or with a mix of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β (Cyto-NG). CM-NGs are found to be more targeted towards immune cells than Cyto- or N-NGs, while Cyto-NGs are the most tumor-targeted ones, with similar immune-targeting capacity as N-NGs but with a higher affinity towards endothelial cells. Proteomic variations were wider in the CM-NGs, with exceptionally higher levels of ICAM-1 compared to N- and Cyto-NGs. From a translational point of view, the data show that the tumor-targeting ability of the NGs, and possibly that of other MSC-derived extracellular vesicles, can be enhanced by simple conditioning of their source cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Lupu‐Haber
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Tomer Bronshtein
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Hagit Shalom‐Luxenburg
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Domenico D'Atri
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Jacopo Oieni
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Limor Kaneti
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Alona Shagan
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Shani Hamias
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Liat Amram
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Galoz Kaneti
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Noa Cohen Anavy
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Marcelle Machluf
- The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food EngineeringTechnion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
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Delivery of oncolytic vaccinia virus by matched allogeneic stem cells overcomes critical innate and adaptive immune barriers. J Transl Med 2019; 17:100. [PMID: 30917829 PMCID: PMC6437877 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1829-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have identified IFNγ as an important early barrier to oncolytic viruses including vaccinia. The existing innate and adaptive immune barriers restricting oncolytic virotherapy, however, can be overcome using autologous or allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells as carrier cells with unique immunosuppressive properties. Methods To test the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to overcome innate and adaptive immune barriers and to successfully deliver oncolytic vaccinia virus to tumor cells, we performed flow cytometry and virus plaque assay analysis of ex vivo co-cultures of stem cells infected with vaccinia virus in the presence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors. Comparative analysis was performed to establish statistically significant correlations and to evaluate the effect of stem cells on the activity of key immune cell populations. Results Here, we demonstrate that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have the potential to eradicate resistant tumor cells through a combination of potent virus amplification and sensitization of the tumor cells to virus infection. Moreover, the ADSCs demonstrate ability to function as a virus-amplifying Trojan horse in the presence of both autologous and allogeneic human PBMCs, which can be linked to the intrinsic immunosuppressive properties of stem cells and their unique potential to overcome innate and adaptive immune barriers. The clinical application of ready-to-use ex vivo expanded allogeneic stem cell lines, however, appears significantly restricted by patient-specific allogeneic differences associated with the induction of potent anti-stem cell cytotoxic and IFNγ responses. These allogeneic responses originate from both innate (NK)- and adaptive (T)- immune cells and might compromise therapeutic efficacy through direct elimination of the stem cells or the induction of an anti-viral state, which can block the potential of the Trojan horse to amplify and deliver vaccinia virus to the tumor. Conclusions Overall, our findings and data indicate the feasibility to establish simple and informative assays that capture critically important patient-specific differences in the immune responses to the virus and stem cells, which allows for proper patient-stem cell matching and enables the effective use of off-the-shelf allogeneic cell-based delivery platforms, thus providing a more practical and commercially viable alternative to the autologous stem cell approach. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1829-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Beljanski V, Grinnemo KH, Österholm C. Pleiotropic roles of autophagy in stem cell-based therapies. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:380-392. [PMID: 30876741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) have been proven to possess regenerative and immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat diseases that involve loss of cells due to tissue damage or inflammation. For this approach to succeed, SCs or their derivatives should be able to engraft in the target tissue at least for a short period of time. Unfortunately, once injected, therapeutic SCs will encounter a hostile environment, including hypoxia, lack of nutrients and stromal support, and cells may also be targeted and rejected by the immune system. Therefore, SC's stress-response mechanisms likely play a significant role in survival of injected cells and possibly contribute to their therapeutic efficacy. Autphagy, a stress-response pathway, is involved in many different cellular processes, such as survival during hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, cellular differentiation and de-differentiation, and it can also contribute to their immunovisibility by regulating antigen presentation and cytokine secretion. Autophagy machinery interacts with many proteins and signaling pathways that regulate SC properties, including PI3K/Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Wnt, Hedgehog and Notch, and it is also involved in regulating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In this review, we contend that autophagy is an important therapeutic target that can be used to improve the outcome of SC-based tissue repair and regeneration. Further research should reveal whether inhibition or stimulation of autophagy increases the therapeutic utility of SCs and it should also identify appropriate therapeutic regimens that can be applied in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Beljanski
- NSU Cell Therapy Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.
| | - Karl-Henrik Grinnemo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Uppsala University, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Österholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rouhbakhshzaeri M, Rabiee B, Azar N, Ghahari E, Putra I, Eslani M, Djalilian AR. New ex vivo model of corneal endothelial phacoemulsification injury and rescue therapy with mesenchymal stromal cell secretome. J Cataract Refract Surg 2019; 45:361-366. [PMID: 30527441 PMCID: PMC6409103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a reproducible ex vivo model of corneal endothelial cell injury using phacoemulsification in porcine eyes and to evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stromal cell secretome in this injury model. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA. DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS A corneal endothelial injury model was optimized using different powers and durations of ultrasound energy inside ex vivo porcine eyes. Conditioned media from corneal mesenchymal stem cells was collected under serum-free conditions from passages 4 to 6. Immediately after the phacoemulsification injury, the anterior chamber fluid was replaced with unconditioned media or conditioned media and incubated at 37°C for 4 hours. At the end, endothelial cell viability was evaluated using trypan blue staining and analyzed with ImageJ software. RESULTS Using specific parameters (50% power for 30 seconds), phacoemulsification inside fresh porcine eyes led to a consistent level of endothelial cell injury. Incubation with corneal mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned media after the injury significantly reduced endothelial cells loss compared with unconditioned media (mean 1.29% ± 0.91% [SD] and 5.33% ± 3.24%, respectively, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Phacoemulsification inside fresh porcine eyes provided a reproducible model to study endothelial cell injury. Treatment with corneal mesenchymal stromal cell secretome after injury appeared to significantly enhance the survival of corneal endothelial cells. This might provide a new strategy for preventing corneal endothelial cell loss after phacoemulsification or other endothelial injuries. Further in vivo studies are necessary to determine the therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Rouhbakhshzaeri
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Behnam Rabiee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nathalie Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elham Ghahari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ilham Putra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Medi Eslani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Sahu A, Foulsham W, Amouzegar A, Mittal SK, Chauhan SK. The therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells at the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2019; 17:198-207. [PMID: 30695735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been heralded by their multipotentiality and immunomodulatory capacity. MSCs migrate toward sites of tissue damage, where specific pro-inflammatory factors 'license' their immunosuppressive functions. Recent studies in animal models of ocular surface disease have demonstrated the potential of MSC-derived therapies to limit inflammation and promote tissue repair. Herein, we review the immunoregulatory mechanisms of MSCs, as well as strategies to harness their regenerative function at the cornea. We examine reports of the therapeutic application of MSCs in the setting of ocular surface inflammation; including corneal injury, transplantation, ocular surface autoimmunity and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Sahu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - William Foulsham
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Afsaneh Amouzegar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sharad K Mittal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sunil K Chauhan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Yazdanpanah G, Jabbehdari S, Djalilian AR. Emerging Approaches for Ocular Surface Regeneration. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 7:1-10. [PMID: 31275736 DOI: 10.1007/s40135-019-00193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review In this manuscript, the recent advancements and novel approaches for regeneration of the ocular surface are summarized. Recent findings Following severe injuries, persistent inflammation can alter the rehabilitative capability of the ocular surface environment. Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is one of the most characterized ocular surface disorders mediated by deficiency and/or dysfunction of the limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) located in the limbal niche. Currently, the most advanced approach for revitalizing the ocular surface and limbal niche is based on transplantation of limbal tissues harboring LESCs. Emerging approaches have focused on restoring the ocular surface microenvironment using (1) cell-based therapies including cells with capabilities to support the LESCs and modulate the inflammation, e.g., mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), (2) bio-active extracellular matrices from decellularized tissues, and/or purified/synthetic molecules to regenerate the microenvironment structure, and (3) soluble cytokine/growth factor cocktails to revive the signaling pathways. Summary Ocular surface/limbal environment revitalization provide promising approaches for regeneration of the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Christodoulou I, Goulielmaki M, Devetzi M, Panagiotidis M, Koliakos G, Zoumpourlis V. Mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical cancer cytotherapy: a systematic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30526687 PMCID: PMC6286545 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a heterogeneous population of rapidly proliferating cells that can be isolated from adult (e.g., bone marrow, adipose tissue) as well as fetal (e.g., umbilical cord) tissues (termed bone marrow (BM)-, adipose tissue (AT)-, and umbilical cord (UC)-MSC, respectively) and are capable of differentiation into a wide range of non-hematopoietic cell types. An additional, unique attribute of MSC is their ability to home to tumor sites and to interact with the local supportive microenvironment which rapidly conceptualized into MSC-based experimental cancer cytotherapy at the turn of the century. Towards this purpose, both naïve (unmodified) and genetically modified MSC (GM-MSC; used as delivery vehicles for the controlled expression and release of antitumorigenic molecules) have been employed using well-established in vitro and in vivo cancer models, albeit with variable success. The first approach is hampered by contradictory findings regarding the effects of naïve MSC of different origins on tumor growth and metastasis, largely attributed to inherent biological heterogeneity of MSC as well as experimental discrepancies. In the second case, although the anti-cancer effect of GM-MSC is markedly improved over that of naïve cells, it is yet apparent that some protocols are more efficient against some types of cancer than others. Regardless, in order to maximize therapeutic consistency and efficacy, a deeper understanding of the complex interaction between MSC and the tumor microenvironment is required, as well as examination of the role of key experimental parameters in shaping the final cytotherapy outcome. This systematic review represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first thorough evaluation of the impact of experimental anti-cancer therapies based on MSC of human origin (with special focus on human BM-/AT-/UC-MSC). Importantly, we dissect the commonalities and differences as well as address the shortcomings of work accumulated over the last two decades and discuss how this information can serve as a guide map for optimal experimental design implementation ultimately aiding the effective transition into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Christodoulou
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Devetzi
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece.
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Sun M, Puri S, Parfitt GJ, Mutoji N, Coulson-Thomas VJ. Hyaluronan Regulates Eyelid and Meibomian Gland Morphogenesis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:3713-3727. [PMID: 30046813 PMCID: PMC6059170 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Meibomian gland (MG) produces the lipid layer of the tear film, and changes to the MG that lead to a decrease or alteration in lipid quality/content may lead to MG dysfunction, a major cause of evaporative dry eye disease with prevalence ranging from 39% to 50%. Little is known about the developmental cues that regulate MG morphogenesis and homeostasis. Our study investigates the role of hyaluronan (HA), a major extracellular matrix component, in eyelid formation and MG development and function. Methods Hyaluronan synthase (Has) knockout mice were used to determine the role of HA in the eyelid and MG. Eyelids were obtained during different developmental stages and MG morphology was analyzed. Tet-off H2B-GFP/K5tTA mice and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyurdine (EdU) incorporation were used to determine the role of HA in maintaining slow-cycling and proliferating cells within the MG, respectively. Data were confirmed using an in vitro proliferation assay, differentiation assay and spheroid cultures. Results Has knockout mice present precocious MG development, and adult mice present MG hyperplasia and dysmorphic MGs and eyelids, with hyperplastic growths arising from the palpebral conjunctiva. Our data show that a highly organized HA network encompasses the MG, and basal cells are embedded within this HA matrix, which supports the proliferating cells. Spheroid cultures showed that HA promotes acini formation. Conclusions HA plays an important role in MG and eyelid development. Our findings suggest that Has knockout mice have abnormal HA synthesis, which in turn leads to precocious and exacerbated MG morphogenesis culminating in dysmorphic eyelids and MGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Sun
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Sudan Puri
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Geraint J. Parfitt
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Mutoji
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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Nooshabadi VT, Mardpour S, Yousefi-Ahmadipour A, Allahverdi A, Izadpanah M, Daneshimehr F, Ai J, Banafshe HR, Ebrahimi-Barough S. The extracellular vesicles-derived from mesenchymal stromal cells: A new therapeutic option in regenerative medicine. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8048-8073. [PMID: 29377241 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent cells that due to their ability to homing to damaged tissues and differentiate into specialized cells, are remarkable cells in the field of regenerative medicine. It's suggested that the predominant mechanism of MSCs in tissue repair might be related to their paracrine activity. The utilization of MSCs for tissue repair is initially based on the differentiation ability of these cells; however now it has been revealed that only a small fraction of the transplanted MSCs actually fuse and survive in host tissues. Indeed, MSCs supply the microenvironment with the secretion of soluble trophic factors, survival signals and the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosome. Also, the paracrine activity of EVs could mediate the cellular communication to induce cell-differentiation/self-renewal. Recent findings suggest that EVs released by MSCs may also be critical in the physiological function of these cells. This review provides an overview of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles as a hopeful opportunity to advance novel cell-free therapy strategies that might prevail over the obstacles and risks associated with the use of native or engineered stem cells. EVs are very stable; they can pass the biological barriers without rejection and can shuttle bioactive molecules from one cell to another, causing the exchange of genetic information and reprogramming of the recipient cells. Moreover, extracellular vesicles may provide therapeutic cargo for a wide range of diseases and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soura Mardpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Yousefi-Ahmadipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Allahverdi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Izadpanah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Daneshimehr
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid R Banafshe
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moroncini G, Paolini C, Orlando F, Capelli C, Grieco A, Tonnini C, Agarbati S, Mondini E, Saccomanno S, Goteri G, Svegliati Baroni S, Provinciali M, Introna M, Del Papa N, Gabrielli A. Mesenchymal stromal cells from human umbilical cord prevent the development of lung fibrosis in immunocompetent mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196048. [PMID: 29856737 PMCID: PMC5983506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a severe condition resulting from several interstial lung diseases (ILD) with different etiologies. Current therapy of ILD, especially those associated with connective tissue diseases, is rather limited and new anti-fibrotic strategies are needed. In this study, we investigated the anti-fibrotic activity in vivo of human mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from whole umbilical cord (hUC-MSC). Adult immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice (n. = 8 for each experimental condition) were injected intravenously with hUC-MSC (n. = 2.5 × 105) twice, 24 hours and 7 days after endotracheal injection of bleomycin. Upon sacrifice at days 8, 14, 21, collagen content, inflammatory cytokine profile, and hUC-MSC presence in explanted lung tissue were analyzed. Systemic administration of a double dose of hUC-MSC significantly reduced bleomycin-induced lung injury (inflammation and fibrosis) in mice through a selective inhibition of the IL6-IL10-TGFβ axis involving lung M2 macrophages. Only few hUC-MSC were detected from explanted lungs, suggesting a “hit and run” mechanism of action of this cellular therapy. Our data indicate that hUC-MSC possess strong in vivo anti-fibrotic activity in a mouse model resembling an immunocompetent human subject affected by inflammatory ILD, providing proof of concept for ad-hoc clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Moroncini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Chiara Paolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Orlando
- Centro di Tecnologie Avanzate nell’Invecchiamento, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Capelli
- UOS Centro di Terapia Cellulare "G. Lanzani", A.S.S.T. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonella Grieco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cecilia Tonnini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Agarbati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mondini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Saccomanno
- AnatomiaPatologica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche s e Sanità Pubblica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gaia Goteri
- AnatomiaPatologica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche s e Sanità Pubblica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Svegliati Baroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Centro di Tecnologie Avanzate nell’Invecchiamento, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Martino Introna
- UOS Centro di Terapia Cellulare "G. Lanzani", A.S.S.T. Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Del Papa
- UOC Day Hospital di Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Reumatologia, ASST G. Pini-CTO, Milano, Italy
| | - Armando Gabrielli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Eslani M, Putra I, Shen X, Hamouie J, Tadepalli A, Anwar KN, Kink JA, Ghassemi S, Agnihotri G, Reshetylo S, Mashaghi A, Dana R, Hematti P, Djalilian AR. Cornea-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapeutically Modulate Macrophage Immunophenotype and Angiogenic Function. Stem Cells 2018; 36:775-784. [PMID: 29341332 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are crucial drivers of inflammatory corneal neovascularization and thus are potential targets for immunomodulatory therapies. We hypothesized that therapeutic use of cornea-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (cMSCs) may alter the function of macrophages. We found that cMSCs can modulate the phenotype and angiogenic function of macrophages. In vitro, cMSCs induce apoptosis of macrophages while preferentially promoting a distinct CD14hi CD16hi CD163hi CD206hi immunophenotype that has significantly reduced angiogenic effects based on in vitro angiogenesis assays. In vivo, application of cMSCs to murine corneas after injury leads to reduced macrophage infiltration and higher expression of CD206 in macrophages. Macrophages cocultured ("educated") by cMSCs express significantly higher levels of anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory factors compared with control macrophages. In vivo, injured corneas treated with cMSC-educated macrophages demonstrate significantly less neovascularization compared with corneas treated with control macrophages. Knocking down the expression of pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF) in cMSCs significantly abrogates its modulating effects on macrophages, as shown by the reduced rate of apoptosis, decreased expression of sFLT-1/PEDF, and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A in the cocultured macrophages. Similarly, cMSCs isolated from PEDF knockout mice are less effective compared with wild-type cMSCs at inhibiting macrophage infiltration when applied to wild-type corneas after injury. Overall, these results demonstrate that cMSCs therapeutically suppress the angiogenic capacity of macrophages and highlight the role of cMSC secreted PEDF in the modulation of macrophage phenotype and function. Stem Cells 2018;36:775-784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medi Eslani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ilham Putra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiang Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Judy Hamouie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Asha Tadepalli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Khandaker N Anwar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John A Kink
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Samaneh Ghassemi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gaurav Agnihotri
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sofiya Reshetylo
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Ghobrial IM, Detappe A, Anderson KC, Steensma DP. The bone-marrow niche in MDS and MGUS: implications for AML and MM. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2018; 15:219-233. [PMID: 29311715 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several haematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), have well-defined precursor states that precede the development of overt cancer. MM is almost always preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and at least a quarter of all patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have disease that evolves into AML. In turn, MDS are frequently anteceded by clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). The acquisition of additional genetic and epigenetic alterations over time clearly influences the increasingly unstable and aggressive behaviour of neoplastic haematopoietic clones; however, perturbations in the bone-marrow microenvironment are increasingly recognized to have key roles in initiating and supporting oncogenesis. In this Review, we focus on the concept that the haematopoietic neoplasia-microenvironment relationship is an intimate rapport between two partners, provide an overview of the evidence supporting a role for the bone-marrow niche in promoting neoplasia, and discuss the potential for niche-specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene M Ghobrial
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - David P Steensma
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Eslani M, Putra I, Shen X, Hamouie J, Afsharkhamseh N, Besharat S, Rosenblatt MI, Dana R, Hematti P, Djalilian AR. Corneal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Are Directly Antiangiogenic via PEDF and sFLT-1. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:5507-5517. [PMID: 29075761 PMCID: PMC5661382 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the angiogenic properties of corneal derived mesenchymal stromal cells (Co-MSC). Methods Co-MSCs were extracted from human cadaver, and wild-type (C57BL/6J) and SERPINF1−/− mice corneas. The MSC secretome was collected in a serum-free medium. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation and fibrin gel bead assay (FIBA) sprout formation were used to assess the angiogenic properties of Co-MSC secretome. Complete corneal epithelial debridement was used to induce corneal neovascularization in wild-type mice. Co-MSCs embedded in fibrin gel was applied over the debrided cornea to evaluate the angiogenic effects of Co-MSCs in vivo. Immunoprecipitation was used to remove soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF, SERPINF1 gene) from the Co-MSC secretome. Results Co-MSC secretome significantly inhibited HUVECs tube and sprout formation. Co-MSCs from different donors consistently contained high levels of antiangiogenic factors including sFLT-1 and PEDF; and low levels of the angiogenic factor VEGF-A. In vivo, application of Co-MSCs to mouse corneas after injury prevented the development of corneal neovascularization. Removing PEDF or sFLT-1 from the secretome significantly diminished the antiangiogenic effects of Co-MSCs. Co-MSCs isolated from SERPINF1−/− mice had significantly reduced antiangiogenic effects compared to SERPINF1+/+ (wild-type) Co-MSCs. Conclusions These results illustrate the direct antiangiogenic properties of Co-MSCs, the importance of sFLT-1 and PEDF, and their potential clinical application for preventing pathologic corneal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medi Eslani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ilham Putra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Xiang Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Judy Hamouie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Neda Afsharkhamseh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Soroush Besharat
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Mark I Rosenblatt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Regenerative Therapies in Dry Eye Disease: From Growth Factors to Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112264. [PMID: 29143779 PMCID: PMC5713234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome is a complex and insidious pathology with a high level of prevalence among the human population and with a consequently high impact on quality of life and economic cost. Currently, its treatment is symptomatic, mainly based on the control of lubrication and inflammation, with significant limitations. Therefore, the latest research is focused on the development of new biological strategies, with the aim of regenerating affected tissues, or at least restricting the progression of the disease, reducing scar tissue, and maintaining corneal transparency. Therapies range from growth factors and cytokines to the use of different cell sources, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, due to their multipotentiality, trophic, and immunomodulatory properties. We will review the state of the art and the latest advances and results of these promising treatments in this pathology.
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Human Amniotic Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cells inhibit Neutrophil Extracellular Traps through TSG-6. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12426. [PMID: 28963485 PMCID: PMC5622031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mesenchymal stem cells obtained from human amniotic membrane (hAMSC) possess immunosuppressive functions through soluble factors such as prostanoids and proteins; thus, they have been proposed to ameliorate inflammatory processes. On the other hand, activated neutrophils are cells of the first line of immune defense that are able to release extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are formed of DNA and granular components; however, the excessive release of NETs is associated with the development of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we identified that conditioned medium (CM) from hAMSC was able to diminish NETs release, as well as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mitochondrial membrane potential from LPS-stimulated mouse bone marrow-derived neutrophils (BMN). Interestingly, NETs inhibition, ROS levels decrease and mitochondrial membrane potential loss were reverted when LPS-stimulated murine derived BMN were exposed to the CM from hAMSC transfected with TSG-6-siRNA. Finally, rhTSG6 was able to significantly diminish NETs release in BMN. These data suggest an inhibition mechanism of NETs ROS-dependent in which TSG-6 participates. Consequently, we propose the hAMSC use as a therapeutic candidate in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in which NETs are involved.
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from connective tissues are pluripotent and differentiate into phenotypes of connective tissue cell lineages (osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes) in vitro and in vivo. They have been used to treat mouse models of connective tissue disease such as lumican-null (Lum) and mucopolysaccharidosis (Gusb) mice. Mesenchymal stem cells have unique immunosuppressive properties allowing evasion of host rejection; thus, they are valuable tools for cell therapy of congenital and acquired diseases involving immune dysfunction of multiple tissues including ocular surface tissues (cornea). We previously showed that human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) modulated host immune responses, enabling them to survive xenograft transplantation. In vitro, UMSCs modulated inflammatory cells by inhibiting adhesion and invasion, and inducing cell death. UMSCs also regulated M1/M2 macrophage polarization and induced T-regulatory cell maturation from naive intraperitoneal cavity lavage cells. UMSCs exposed to inflammatory cells synthesized a rich extracellular glycocalyx composed of hyaluronan (HA) bound to the heavy chains (HCs) of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (HC-HA), which contains tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated gene 6 (TSG6) that catalyzes the transfer of HCs to HA, versican, and pentraxin-3. Our in vivo and in vitro results showed that the glycocalyx regulated inflammatory cells, allowing UMSCs to survive host immune rejection. Administration of antibodies against glycocalyx constituents or digestion with hyaluronidase and chondroitinase ABC abolished the UMSCs' ability to modulate immune responses. Treatment with anti-CD44 antibodies also diminished modulation of M2 macrophages by UMSCs, indicating that cell surface CD44 is required for correct UMSC glycocalyx assembly to modulate inflammatory cells.
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Evidence-Based Update on Ocular Chemical Injuries. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-017-0120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gesteira TF, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Yuan Y, Zhang J, Nader HB, Kao WWY. Lumican Peptides: Rational Design Targeting ALK5/TGFBRI. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42057. [PMID: 28181591 PMCID: PMC5299588 DOI: 10.1038/srep42057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumican, a small leucine rich proteoglycan (SLRP), is a component of extracellular matrix which also functions as a matrikine regulating multiple cell activities. In the cornea, lumican maintains corneal transparency by regulating collagen fibrillogenesis, promoting corneal epithelial wound healing, regulating gene expression and maintaining corneal homeostasis. We have recently shown that a peptide designed from the 13 C-terminal amino acids of lumican (LumC13) binds to ALK5/TGFBR1 (type1 receptor of TGFβ) to promote wound healing. Herein we evaluate the mechanism by which this synthetic C-terminal amphiphilic peptide (LumC13), binds to ALK5. These studies clearly reveal that LumC13-ALK5 form a stable complex. In order to determine the minimal amino acids required for the formation of a stable lumican/ALK5 complex derivatives of LumC13 were designed and their binding to ALK5 investigated in silico. These LumC13 derivatives were tested both in vitro and in vivo to evaluate their ability to promote corneal epithelial cell migration and corneal wound healing, respectively. These validations add to the therapeutic value of LumC13 (Lumikine) and aid its clinical relevance of promoting the healing of corneal epithelium debridement. Moreover, our data validates the efficacy of our computational approach to design active peptides based on interactions of receptor and chemokine/ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Helena B Nader
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Winston W-Y Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
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The Role of Stem Cells in the Treatment of Cerebral Palsy: a Review. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4963-4972. [PMID: 27520277 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neuromuscular disease due to injury in the infant's brain. The CP disorder causes many neurologic dysfunctions in the patient. Various treatment methods have been used for the management of CP disorder. However, there has been no absolute cure for this condition. Furthermore, some of the procedures which are currently used for relief of symptoms in CP cause discomfort or side effects in the patient. Recently, stem cell therapy has attracted a huge interest as a new therapeutic method for treatment of CP. Several investigations in animal and human with CP have demonstrated positive potential of stem cell transplantation for the treatment of CP disorder. The ultimate goal of this therapeutic method is to harness the regenerative capacity of the stem cells causing a formation of new tissues to replace the damaged tissue. During the recent years, there have been many investigations on stem cell therapy. However, there are still many unclear issues regarding this method and high effort is needed to create a technology as a perfect treatment. This review will discuss the scientific background of stem cell therapy for cerebral palsy including evidences from current clinical trials.
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