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Kubo T, Asano S, Sasaki K, Murata K, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T. Assessment of cancer cell-expressed HLA class I molecules and their immunopathological implications. HLA 2024; 103:e15472. [PMID: 38699870 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown superior efficacy compared with conventional chemotherapy in certain cancer types, establishing immunotherapy as the fourth standard treatment alongside surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. In cancer immunotherapy employing ICIs, CD8-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes are recognized as the primary effector cells. For effective clinical outcomes, it is essential that the targeted cancer cells express HLA class I molecules to present antigenic peptides derived from the tumor. However, cancer cells utilize various mechanisms to downregulate or lose HLA class I molecules from their surface, resulting in evasion from immune surveillance. Correlations between prognosis and the integrity of HLA class I molecules expressed by cancer cells have been consistently found across different types of cancer. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of HLA class I molecules and their role in cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on the significance of utilizing pathological tissues to evaluate HLA class I molecules expressed in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terufumi Kubo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiori Asano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenta Sasaki
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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2
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Wu X, Li T, Jiang R, Yang X, Guo H, Yang R. Targeting MHC-I molecules for cancer: function, mechanism, and therapeutic prospects. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:194. [PMID: 38041084 PMCID: PMC10693139 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecules of Major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) load peptides and present them on the cell surface, which provided the immune system with the signal to detect and eliminate the infected or cancerous cells. In the context of cancer, owing to the crucial immune-regulatory roles played by MHC-I molecules, the abnormal modulation of MHC-I expression and function could be hijacked by tumor cells to escape the immune surveillance and attack, thereby promoting tumoral progression and impairing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here we reviewed and discussed the recent studies and discoveries related to the MHC-I molecules and their multidirectional functions in the development of cancer, mainly focusing on the interactions between MHC-I and the multiple participators in the tumor microenvironment and highlighting the significance of targeting MHC-I for optimizing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature and functioning mechanism of MHC-I in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianhang Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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3
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Tang YF, An PG, Gu BX, Yi S, Hu X, Wu WJ, Zhang J. Transcriptomic insights into adenoid cystic carcinoma via RNA sequencing. Front Genet 2023; 14:1144945. [PMID: 37152992 PMCID: PMC10160386 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1144945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) at the transcriptome level. Materials and methods: We obtained paired tumor and normal salivary gland tissues from 15 ACC patients, which were prepared for RNA sequencing. Results: Gene enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated pathways were mainly involved in axonogenesis, and the downregulated pathways were mainly related to leukocyte migration, the adaptive immune response, lymphocyte-mediated immunity, and the humoral immune response. T-cells, B-cells and NK cells showed low infiltration in ACC tissues. In addition to the gene fusions MYB-NFIB and MYBL1-NFIB, a new gene fusion, TVP23C-CDRT4, was also detected in 3 ACC tissues. PRAME was significantly upregulated in ACC tissues, while antigen-presenting human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes were downregulated. Conclusion: We found a new gene fusion, TVP23C-CDRT4, that was highly expressed in ACC. PRAME may be an attractive target for ACC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital (the Second Affiliated Hospital), Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pu-Gen An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Xin Gu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Yi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jie Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Jie Wu, ; Jie Zhang,
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Jie Wu, ; Jie Zhang,
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4
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Datta RR, Schran S, Persa OD, Aguilar C, Thelen M, Lehmann J, Garcia-Marquez MA, Wennhold K, Preugszat E, Zentis P, von Bergwelt-Baildon MS, Quaas A, Bruns CJ, Kurschat C, Mauch C, Löser H, Stippel DL, Schlößer HA. Post-transplant Malignancies Show Reduced T-cell Abundance and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures as Correlates of Impaired Cancer Immunosurveillance. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:1712-1723. [PMID: 35191474 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An increased risk to develop cancer is one of the most challenging negative side effects of long-term immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients and impaired cancer immunosurveillance is assumed as underlying mechanism. This study aims to elucidate transplant-related changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) of cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Data from 123 organ transplant recipients (kidney, heart, lung, and liver) were compared with historic data from non-immunosuppressed patients. Digital image analysis of whole-section slides was used to assess abundance and spatial distribution of T cells and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the TME of 117 tumor samples. Expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and human-leucocyte-antigen class I (HLA-I) was assessed on tissue microarrays. RESULTS We found a remarkably reduced immune infiltrate in the center tumor (CT) regions as well as the invasive margins (IM) of post-transplant cancers. These differences were more pronounced in the IM than in the CT and larger for CD8+ T cells than for CD3+ T cells. The Immune-score integrating results from CT and IM was also lower in transplant recipients. Density of TLS was lower in cancer samples of transplant recipients. The fraction of samples with PD-L1 expression was higher in controls whereas decreased expression of HLA-I was more common in transplant recipients. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the impact of immunosuppression on the TME and supports impaired cancer immunosurveillance as important cause of post-transplant cancer. Modern immunosuppressive protocols and cancer therapies should consider the distinct immune microenvironment of post-transplant malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabi R Datta
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Schran
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oana-Diana Persa
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
| | - Claire Aguilar
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Thelen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jonas Lehmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria A Garcia-Marquez
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wennhold
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ella Preugszat
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Zentis
- Cluster of Excellence for Aging-Associated Diseases, CECAD Imaging Facility Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Quaas
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
| | - Christine Kurschat
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cornelia Mauch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
| | - Heike Löser
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk L Stippel
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
| | - Hans A Schlößer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, CIO ABCD Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf
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5
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Bade RM, Schehr JL, Emamekhoo H, Gibbs BK, Rodems TS, Mannino MC, Desotelle JA, Heninger E, Stahlfeld CN, Sperger JM, Singh A, Wolfe SK, Niles DJ, Arafat W, Steinharter JA, Jason Abel E, Beebe DJ, Wei XX, McKay RR, Choueri TK, Lang JM. Development and initial clinical testing of a multiplexed circulating tumor cell assay in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2330-2344. [PMID: 33604999 PMCID: PMC8410529 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although therapeutic options for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have increased in the past decade, no biomarkers are yet available for patient stratification or evaluation of therapy resistance. Given the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), tumor biopsies provide limited clinical utility, but liquid biopsies could overcome these limitations. Prior liquid biopsy approaches have lacked clinically relevant detection rates for patients with ccRCC. This study employed ccRCC-specific markers, CAIX and CAXII, to identify circulating tumor cells (CTC) from patients with metastatic ccRCC. Distinct subtypes of ccRCC CTCs were evaluated for PD-L1 and HLA-I expression and correlated with patient response to therapy. CTC enumeration and expression of PD-L1 and HLA-I correlated with disease progression and treatment response, respectively. Longitudinal evaluation of a subset of patients demonstrated potential for CTC enumeration to serve as a pharmacodynamic biomarker. Further evaluation of phenotypic heterogeneity among CTCs is needed to better understand the clinical utility of this new biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory M. Bade
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erika Heninger
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | | | - Jamie M. Sperger
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - Anupama Singh
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | | | - David J. Niles
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - Waddah Arafat
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - John A. Steinharter
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - E. Jason Abel
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - David J. Beebe
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
| | - Xiao X. Wei
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Rana R. McKay
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Toni K. Choueri
- Lank Center for Genitourinary OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Joshua M. Lang
- Carbone Cancer CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonWIUSA
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6
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Goldberg J, Pastorello RG, Vallius T, Davis J, Cui YX, Agudo J, Waks AG, Keenan T, McAllister SS, Tolaney SM, Mittendorf EA, Guerriero JL. The Immunology of Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674192. [PMID: 34135901 PMCID: PMC8202289 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized the treatment of cancer patients. The main focus of ICB has been on reinvigorating the adaptive immune response, namely, activating cytotoxic T cells. ICB has demonstrated only modest benefit against advanced breast cancer, as breast tumors typically establish an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with infiltration of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and patients with TNBC have shown clinical responses to ICB. In contrast, hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer is characterized by low TIL infiltration and minimal response to ICB. Here we review how HR+ breast tumors establish a TME devoid of TILs, have low HLA class I expression, and recruit immune cells, other than T cells, which impact response to therapy. In addition, we review emerging technologies that have been employed to characterize components of the TME to reveal that tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in HR+ cancer, are highly immune-suppressive, associated with tumor progression, chemotherapy and ICB-resistance, metastasis and poor survival. We reveal novel therapeutic targets and possible combinations with ICB to enhance anti-tumor immune responses, which may have great potential in HR+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Goldberg
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ricardo G. Pastorello
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tuulia Vallius
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Janae Davis
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yvonne Xiaoyong Cui
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Judith Agudo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adrienne G. Waks
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tanya Keenan
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sandra S. McAllister
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Sara M. Tolaney
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Mittendorf
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Guerriero
- Breast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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7
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Saribas S, Demiryas S, Yilmaz E, Uysal O, Kepil N, Demirci M, Caliskan R, Dinc HO, Akkus S, Gareayaghi N, Kirmusaoglu S, Ozbey D, Tokman HB, Koksal SS, Tasci I, Kocazeybek B. Association between human leukocyte antigen gene polymorphisms and multiple EPIYA-C repeats in gastrointestinal disorders. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4817-4832. [PMID: 32921959 PMCID: PMC7459208 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i32.4817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are suggested to increase the risk of gastric cancer (GC).
AIM To investigate the HLA allele frequencies of patients with GC relative to a control group in terms of CagA+ multiple (≥ 2) EPIYA-C repeats.
METHODS The patient group comprised 94 patients [44 GC and 50 duodenal ulcer (DU) patients], and the control group comprised 86 individuals [(50 non-ulcer dyspepsia patients and 36 people with asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)]. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for the amplification of the H. pylori cagA gene and typing of EPIYA motifs. HLA sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) typing was performed using Lifecodes SSO typing kits (HLA-A, HLA-B HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQA1-B1 kits).
RESULTS The comparison of GC cases in terms of CagA+ multiple (≥ 2) EPIYA-C repeats showed that only the HLA-DQB1*06 allele [odds ratio (OR): 0.37, P = 0.036] was significantly lower, but significance was lost after correction (Pc = 0.1845). The HLA-DQA1*01 allele had a high ratio in GC cases with multiple EPIYA-C repeats, but this was not significant in the univariate analysis. We compared allele frequencies in the DU cases alone and in GC and DU cases together using the same criterion, and none of the HLA alleles were significantly associated with GC or DU. Also, none of the alleles were detected as independent risk factors after the multivariate analysis. On the other hand, in a multivariate logistic regression with no discriminative criterion, HLA-DQA1*01 (OR = 1.848), HLA-DQB1*06 (OR = 1.821) and HLA-A*02 (OR = 1.579) alleles were detected as independent risk factors for GC and DU.
CONCLUSION None of the HLA alleles were detected as independent risk factors in terms of CagA+ multiple EPIYA-C repeats. However, HLA-DQA1*01, HLA-DQB1*0601, and HLA-A*2 were independent risk factors with no criterion in the multivariate analysis. We suggest that the association of these alleles with gastric malignancies is not specifically related to cagA and multiple EPIYA C repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Saribas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Demiryas
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Erkan Yilmaz
- Department of Organ Transplantation, HLA Laboratory, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Omer Uysal
- Deparment of Biostatistics, Medical School of Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Nuray Kepil
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Demirci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Beykent University Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34520, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Caliskan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Harika Oyku Dinc
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Seher Akkus
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Gareayaghi
- Center for Blood, Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34360, Turkey
| | - Sahra Kirmusaoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, T.C. Halic University, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Istanbul 34381, Turkey
| | - Dogukan Ozbey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Hrisi B Tokman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Serdar S Koksal
- Department of Public Health, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Tasci
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Bekir Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
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8
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Long Noncoding RNA HOTTIP Serves as an Independent Predictive Biomarker for the Prognosis of Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:4301634. [PMID: 32566641 PMCID: PMC7255047 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4301634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) play important roles in the tumorigenesis and development of various cancers. We aim to investigate the expression and prognostic value of HOTTIP in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases was performed to select eligible literatures relevant to the correlation between HOTTIP expression and clinical outcome of different cancers. The association between the HOTTIP level and overall survival (OS), lymph node metastasis (LNM), or clinical stage was subsequently analyzed. Survival analyses were performed in a large cohort of more than 500 patients with ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using bioinformatic methods. Seventeen studies with a total of 1594 patients with thirteen kinds of carcinomas were included in this analysis. The result showed that high HOTTIP expression could predict worse outcome in cancer patients, with the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 2.34 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96–2.79, p < 0.0001). The result also showed that elevated HOTTIP expression was correlated with more LNM (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.91-3.58, p < 0.0001) and advanced clinical stage (OR = 3.57, 95% CI 2.58-4.93, p < 0.0001). We further validated that ccRCC patients with higher HOTTIP expression tend to have unsatisfactory outcomes both in the entire TCGA dataset and different clinical stratums, like age, grade, and stage. The tumor of those patients was associated with a larger size, easier to metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and a higher pathological grade. These findings suggested that increased HOTTIP expression might act as a novel prognostic marker for ccRCC patients.
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Koike K, Dehari H, Shimizu S, Nishiyama K, Sonoda T, Ogi K, Kobayashi J, Sasaki T, Sasaya T, Tsuchihashi K, Tsukahara T, Hasegawa T, Torigoe T, Hiratsuka H, Miyazaki A. Prognostic value of HLA class I expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1491-1499. [PMID: 32167621 PMCID: PMC7226222 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅰ molecules play a central role in anticancer immunity, but their prognostic value in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. We examined HLA class I expression in 2 distinct tumor compartments, namely, the tumor center and invasive front, and evaluated the association between its expression pattern and histopathological status in 137 cases with OSCC. Human leukocyte antigen class Ⅰ expression was graded semiquantitatively as high, low, and negative. At the invasive front of the tumor, HLA class I expression was high in 72 cases (52.6%), low in 44 cases (32.1%), and negative in 21 cases (15.3%). The HLA class I expression in the tumor center was high in 48 cases (35.0%), low in 58 cases (42.4%), and negative in 31 cases (22.6%). The 5‐year overall survival and disease‐specific survival rates were good in cases with high HLA class I expression at the invasive front; however, there was no significant difference in survival based on HLA class I expression in the tumor center. In addition, high HLA class I expression was correlated with high CD8+ T cell density, whereas negative HLA class I expression was correlated with low CD8+ T cell density at the invasive front. These results suggest that it is easier for CD8+ T cells to recognize presented peptides in the case of high HLA class Ⅰ expression at the tumor invasive front and could be a prognostic factor for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Koike
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hironari Dehari
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shota Shimizu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koyo Nishiyama
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sonoda
- Department of Public Health, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junichi Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takanori Sasaki
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaya
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kei Tsuchihashi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Hiratsuka
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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10
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Akazawa Y, Nobuoka D, Takahashi M, Yoshikawa T, Shimomura M, Mizuno S, Fujiwara T, Nakamoto Y, Nakatsura T. Higher human lymphocyte antigen class I expression in early-stage cancer cells leads to high sensitivity for cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1842-1852. [PMID: 30973665 PMCID: PMC6549930 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules play a central role in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)‐based antitumor immunity. However, the expression rate of HLA class I in cancer cells remains a topic of discussion. We compared HLA class I expression levels between cancer cells and surrounding non–tumorous hepatocytes in 20 early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by immunohistochemistry using EMR 8‐5. The expression levels of HLA class I were classified as negative, incomplete positive or complete positive. Similarly, for various types of solid cancers, HLA class I expression was examined. For the HLA class I expression in cancer cells, among 20 HCC patients, 13 were complete positive, 3 were incomplete positive, and 4 were negative. In addition, 15 (75.0%) had higher expression levels of HLA class I in cancer cells compared with that in surrounding non–tumorous hepatocytes. An interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay indicated that cancer cells with positive expression of HLA class I had strong sensitivity to antigen‐specific CTL. We suggested that HLA class I expression in cancer cells could be involved in the clinical prognosis of HCC patients. Similarly, 66.7%, 100.0%, 66.7% and 62.5% of patients with early‐stage pancreatic, gallbladder, esophageal and breast cancers, respectively, had higher expression levels of HLA class I in cancer cells than in surrounding normal tissue cells. We suggest that in several early‐stage solid cancers, including HCC, HLA class I expression levels in cancer cells are higher than that in surrounding normal tissue cells, which could result in the anti–tumor effect of CTL‐based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Akazawa
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan.,Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nobuoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mari Takahashi
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yoshikawa
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Manami Shimomura
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shoichi Mizuno
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nakamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakatsura
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
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11
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Ichinokawa K, Nakanishi Y, Hida Y, Tsuchikawa T, Kato T, Itoh T, Kaji M, Kaga K, Hirano S. Downregulated expression of human leukocyte antigen class I heavy chain is associated with poor prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:117-126. [PMID: 31289480 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to clarify the association between expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and patient survival. To address this, immunohistochemical staining for HLA class I was performed on specimens from 111 patients with NSCLC, and overall survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed using Cox's proportional hazard model. The cases were divided into 5 classes based on the expression of HLA class I heavy chain and β2-microglobulin. The overall survival rate for patients with tumors lacking HLA class I heavy chain (30 cases; 27.0%) was significantly decreased. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the absence of HLA class I heavy chain was an independent predictor of poor prognosis. There was a trend towards an unfavorable prognosis for patients whose tumors did not express β2-microglobulin (57 cases; 51.4%). Downregulation of HLA class I heavy chain expression was significantly associated with the downregulation of β2-microglobulin. Cases lacking HLA class I heavy chain as well as β2-microglobulin expression (23 cases; 20.7%) had a statistically significant unfavorable prognosis compared with other cases. The present findings demonstrate that the lack of HLA class I heavy chain expression in tumor cells is an independent prognostic factor for poor NSCLC survival, and is likely to exert an important influence on immune surveillance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Ichinokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Nakanishi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hida
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tomoo Itoh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan
| | - Mitsuhito Kaji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapporo Minami Sanjo Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0063, Japan
| | - Kichizo Kaga
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
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12
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Abstract
In this chapter I describe Tumour Immune Escape mechanisms associated with MHC/HLA class I loss in human and experimental tumours. Different altered HLA class-I phenotypes can be observed that are produced by different molecular mechanisms. Experimental and histological evidences are summarized indicating that at the early stages of tumour development there is an enormous variety of tumour clones with different MHC class I expression patterns. This phase is followed by a strong T cell mediated immune-selection of MHC/HLA class-I negative tumour cells in the primary tumour lesion. This transition period results in a formation of a tumour composed only of HLA-class I negative cells. An updated description of this process observed in a large variety of human tumors is included. In the second section I focus on MHC/HLA class I alterations observed in mouse and human metastases, and describe the generation of different tumor cell clones with altered MHC class I phenotypes, which could be similar or different from the original tumor clone. The biological and immunological relevance of these observations is discussed. Finally, the interesting phenomenon of metastatic dormancy is analyzed in association with a particular MHC class I negative tumor phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Garrido
- Departamento de Analisis Clinicos e Inmunologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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13
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Chen G, Wang Y, Wang L, Xu W. Identifying prognostic biomarkers based on aberrant DNA methylation in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5268-5280. [PMID: 28029655 PMCID: PMC5354907 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcome of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) differs even among individuals with similar clinical characteristics. DNA methylation is regarded as a regulator of gene expression in cancers, which may be a molecular marker of prognosis. In this study, we aimed to mine novel methylation markers of the prognosis of KIRC. We revealed a total of 2793 genes differentially methylated in their promoter regions (DMGs) and 2979 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KIRC tissues compared with normal tissues using The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. Then, we detected 57 and 34 subpathways enriched among the DMGs and DEGs, respectively, using the R package iSubpathwayMiner. We retained 56 subpathways related to both aberrant methylation and expression based on a hypergeometric test for further analysis. An integrated gene regulatory network was constructed using the regulatory relationships between genes in the subpathways. Using the top 15% of the nodes from the network ranked by degree, survival analysis was performed. We validated four DNA methylation signatures (RAC2, PLCB2, VAV1, and PARVG) as being highly correlated with prognosis in KIRC. These findings suggest that DNA methylation might become a prognostic predictor in KIRC and could supplement histological prognostic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Department of Urology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wanhai Xu
- Department of Urology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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14
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Wang J, Liu L, Qu Y, Xi W, Xia Y, Bai Q, Xiong Y, Long Q, Xu J, Guo J. HLA class I expression predicts prognosis and therapeutic benefits from tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:79-87. [PMID: 28918459 PMCID: PMC11028261 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Classical HLA class I antigen is highly involved in antigen presentation and adaptive immune response against tumor. In this study, we explored its predictive value for treatment response and survival in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A TKI cohort of 111 mRCC patients treated with sunitinib or sorafenib and a non-TKI cohort of 160 mRCC patients treated with interleukin-2 or interferon-α-based immunotherapy at a single institution were retrospectively enrolled. HLA class I expression and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) density was assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Association between HLA class I and CTL was also assessed in the TCGA KIRC cohort. RESULTS In the TKI cohort, down-regulated HLA class I was associated with lower objective response rate of TKI therapy (P = 0.004), shorter overall survival (OS) (P = 0.001), and shorter progression free survival (PFS) (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression model defined HLA expression as an independent prognostic factor for both OS [hazard ratio 1.687 (95% CI 1.045-2.724), P = 0.032] and PFS [hazard ratio 2.139 (95% CI 1.376-3.326), P = 0.001]. In the non-TKI cohort, HLA class I was not significantly associated with survival. HLA class I expression was associated with CTL infiltration and function, and its prognostic value was more predominant in CTL high-density tumors (P < 0.001) rather than CTL low-density tumors (P = 0.294). CONCLUSIONS Classical HLA class I expression can serve as a potential predictive biomarker for TKI therapy in mRCC patients. Its predictive value was restricted in CTL high-density tumors. However, further external validations and functional investigations are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Bai
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qilai Long
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, No. 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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15
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Goebel S, Kehlen A, Bluemke K, Altermann W, Schlaf G, Fischer K, Fornara P, Wullich B, Wach S, Taubert H. Differences in the frequencies of HLA-class I and II alleles between German patients with renal cell carcinoma and healthy controls. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:565-571. [PMID: 28184970 PMCID: PMC11029131 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-1957-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is a major part of the human immune system and has an impact on tumor initiation, tumor progression, and immunosurveillance. Renal cell carcinoma tumors are considered to be immunogenic. Therefore, we studied the allele frequencies of four gene loci (HLA-A, -B, -C, and HLA-DR) in a cohort of German renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients and in healthy controls. HLA-A-C were determined using serological methods, whereas HLA-C12, C14, C16, C18, and HLA-DR were characterized through the use of standard molecular biological methods. The occurrence of the HLA-C*12 allele was significantly increased in German RCC patients compared with healthy controls (P < 0.005; Fisher's exact test), whereas the occurrence of the HLA-DRB1*04 allele was significantly reduced in RCC patients compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05; Fisher's exact test). However, the presence of allele HLA-C*12 was not significantly associated with 10 year overall survival. We suggest that the frequency of HLA alleles can affect development of RCC and could add knowledge as predictive marker for future immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Goebel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Astrid Kehlen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Karen Bluemke
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Altermann
- HLA-Laboratory, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Gerald Schlaf
- HLA-Laboratory, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Kersten Fischer
- Clinic of Urology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Paolo Fornara
- Clinic of Urology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Division Molecular Urology, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Division Molecular Urology, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Division Molecular Urology, Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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16
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Tada K, Maeshima AM, Hiraoka N, Yamauchi N, Maruyama D, Kim SW, Watanabe T, Katayama N, Heike Y, Tobinai K, Kobayashi Y. Prognostic significance of HLA class I and II expression in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma treated with standard chemoimmunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:1213-22. [PMID: 27522583 PMCID: PMC11029644 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Loss of tumor cell human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is an immune escape mechanism for malignancies. However, the effect of low HLA class I or class II expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with chemoimmunotherapy with the monoclonal antibody rituximab is largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed samples and other data from 144 patients with DLBCL who were newly diagnosed in our institution and treated with standard R-CHOP therapy. We used antibodies against pan-HLA class I and pan-HLA class II molecules to assess HLA expression and its effect on prognosis. In a multivariate analysis, loss of HLA class II expression was a significantly independent adverse factor for progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio 2.3; 95 % confidence interval 1.2-4.6; P = 0.01). Although HLA class I loss of expression did not correlate with prognosis, the combination of HLA class I(+) with either low peripheral lymphocyte count or CD3(+) lymphocyte count was an adverse prognostic factor for PFS. Loss of HLA class II is an International Prognostic Index (IPI)-independent adverse factor for PFS in patients with DLBCL treated with standard therapy. However, in contrast to other solid cancers, HLA class I loss was not solely a prognostic factor in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
- Immunotherapy and Cell Therapy Service, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyagi Maeshima
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Dai Maruyama
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Katayama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuji Heike
- Immunotherapy and Cell Therapy Service, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Immunotherapy Research Field, Translational Research Group, and Translational Medicine Department, Phase 1 Group, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yukio Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Saranchova I, Han J, Huang H, Fenninger F, Choi KB, Munro L, Pfeifer C, Welch I, Wyatt AW, Fazli L, Gleave ME, Jefferies WA. Discovery of a Metastatic Immune Escape Mechanism Initiated by the Loss of Expression of the Tumour Biomarker Interleukin-33. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30555. [PMID: 27619158 PMCID: PMC5020406 DOI: 10.1038/srep30555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A new paradigm for understanding immune-surveillance and immune escape in cancer is described here. Metastatic carcinomas express reduced levels of IL-33 and diminished levels of antigen processing machinery (APM), compared to syngeneic primary tumours. Complementation of IL-33 expression in metastatic tumours upregulates APM expression and functionality of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-molecules, resulting in reduced tumour growth rates and a lower frequency of circulating tumour cells. Parallel studies in humans demonstrate that low tumour expression of IL-33 is an immune biomarker associated with recurrent prostate and kidney renal clear cell carcinomas. Thus, IL-33 has a significant role in cancer immune-surveillance against primary tumours, which is lost during the metastatic transition that actuates immune escape in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Saranchova
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4.,Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Jeffrey Han
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4.,Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Hui Huang
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4.,Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Franz Fenninger
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4.,Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Kyung Bok Choi
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Lonna Munro
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Cheryl Pfeifer
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Ian Welch
- Department of Animal Care Services, University of British Columbia, 4145 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1W5
| | - Alexander W Wyatt
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia Gordon &Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Level 6, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC Canada V5Z 1M9.,The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC Canada V6H 3Z6
| | - Ladan Fazli
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia Gordon &Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Level 6, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC Canada V5Z 1M9.,The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC Canada V6H 3Z6
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia Gordon &Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Level 6, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC Canada V5Z 1M9.,The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC Canada V6H 3Z6
| | - Wilfred A Jefferies
- The Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 301-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4.,Department of Microbiology &Immunology, University of British Columbia, 1365 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia 1364 - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3.,Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia 4200 - 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z4.,Centre for Blood Research at the University of British Columbia 4th Floor - 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z3.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health at the University of British Columbia 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z3
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Sekar RR, De La Calle CM, Patil D, Holzman SA, Baum Y, Sheikh U, Huang JH, Osunkoya AO, Pollack BP, Kissick HT, Ogan K, Master VA. Major histocompatibility complex I upregulation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma is associated with increased survival. Asian J Urol 2016; 3:75-81. [PMID: 29264168 PMCID: PMC5730799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the prognostic value of tumor major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI) expression on survival and recurrence in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods Fifty-three patients that underwent nephrectomy at our institution for clear cell RCC (T1-T3) with ≥4 years of follow-up were queried from our nephrectomy database. Immunohistochemical staining for MHCI was performed on tumor specimens and MHCI expression was quantified with an automated image analysis technique. Patients were divided into high and low MHCI expression groups in order to study the relationship between MHCI expression and prognosis using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results Overall survival and recurrence free survival were increased in the high MHCI expression group compared to the low MHCI expression group (log-rank, p = 0.036 and p = 0.028, respectively). Patients alive at the end of the study had higher MHCI expression (mean positivity score 0.82) than those that died of disease (mean positivity score 0.76, t test, p = 0.030). Patients that did not develop recurrence during the study period had higher MHCI expression (mean positivity score 0.83) than those that did develop recurrence (mean positivity score 0.78), but this difference was not significant (t test, p = 0.079). Conclusion Our data demonstrate that high MHCI expression confers improved overall and recurrence free survival in patients with clear cell RCC and could serve as an important prognostic tool in identifying high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi R Sekar
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Dattatraya Patil
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah A Holzman
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yoram Baum
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Umer Sheikh
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan H Huang
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Brian P Pollack
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Haydn T Kissick
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kenneth Ogan
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viraj A Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Schlößer HA, Theurich S, Shimabukuro-Vornhagen A, Holtick U, Stippel DL, von Bergwelt-Baildon M. Overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression. Immunotherapy 2015; 6:973-88. [PMID: 25341119 DOI: 10.2217/imt.14.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of tumor-mediated immunosuppression have been described for several solid and hematological tumors. Tumors inhibit immune responses by attraction of immunosuppressive lymphocytic populations, secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines or expression of surface molecules, which inhibit immune responses by induction of anergy or apoptosis in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This tumor-mediated immunosuppression represents a major obstacle to many immunotherapeutic or conventional therapeutic approaches. In this review we discuss how tumor-mediated immunosuppression interferes with different immunotherapeutic approaches and then give an overview of strategies to overcome it. Particular emphasis is placed on agents or approaches already transferred into clinical settings. Finally the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting CTLA-4 or the PD-1 pathway highlights the enormous therapeutic potential of an effective overcoming of tumor-mediated immunosuppression.
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20
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Holzman SA, de la Calle CM, Kissick HT, Osunkoya AO, Pollack BP, Patil D, Ogan K, Master VA. High Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Is Associated with Improved Prognosis. Urol Int 2015; 95:72-8. [PMID: 25721803 DOI: 10.1159/000370164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study we analyzed major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) expression as a potential prognostic immune marker for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS 34 patients with localized ccRCC (pT1-pT3) who had undergone nephrectomy and had at least 4 years of clinical follow-up data were included in the study. Immunohistochemical staining for MHCI was performed on tumor sections. An automated image analysis algorithm was applied to representative tumor areas to quantitate the proportion of stained pixels (positivity score = positive pixels/total pixels) on scanned digital slides. RESULTS At the end of the study, the patients who were alive had increased MHCI expression (mean positivity score 0.80) compared to those who died of the disease (mean positivity score 0.53; p < 0.0001, t test). Patients who were alive with recurrence had increased MHCI expression (positivity score 0.81) compared to those who succumbed to their disease recurrence (positivity score 0.53; p < 0.0001, t test). Survival was higher among patients with high MHCI expression compared to patients with low MHCI expression (p < 0.0001, Mantel-Cox). CONCLUSIONS With an automated high-throughput image analysis technique, this study shows that higher tumor cell MHCI expression promotes increased survival and reduced incidence of recurrence compared to patients with lower tumor cell MHCI expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Holzman
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga., USA
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21
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Iwayama Y, Tsuruma T, Mizuguchi T, Furuhata T, Toyota N, Matsumura M, Torigoe T, Sato N, Hirata K. Prognostic value of HLA class I expression in patients with colorectal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:36. [PMID: 25889416 PMCID: PMC4336735 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prognostic factors are useful for determination of the therapeutic strategy and follow-up examination after curative operation in cancer treatment. The immunological state of the host can influence the prognosis for cancer patients as well as the features of the cancer. Human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules have a central role in the anti-cancer immune system. Therefore, we focused on the HLA class I expression level in cancer cells to investigate its prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods We reviewed the clinical pathology archives of 97 consecutive patients with stage II colorectal cancer who underwent curative operation at the Sapporo Medical University, Japan, from February 1994 to January 2005. Fifty-six high-risk patients had adjuvant chemotherapy. The cancer cell membrane immunoreactivity level for HLA class I expressed by EMR8-5 was classified into three categories (positive, dull, and negative). In this study, the cases were divided into two groups: “positive” and “dull/negative”. HLA class I expression level and clinicopathological parameters were evaluated with the Pearson χ2 test. Survival analysis was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier methods, and the differences between survival curves were analyzed using the log-rank test. Results Immunohistochemical study of HLA class I revealed the following. There were 51 cases that were positive, 40 were dull, and six negative. The HLA class I expression level had no significant correlation with other clinicopathological parameters, except for gender. Univariate and multivariate analyses related to disease-free survival (DFS) revealed that tumor location, HLA expression level, and venous invasion were significant independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). The 5-year DFS rates in HLA class I positive group and in the dull/negative group were 89% and 70%, respectively. For high-risk patients with adjuvant chemotherapy, the 5-year DFS rates in the HLA class I positive group and in the dull/negative group were 84% and 68%, respectively. For low-risk patients without the chemotherapy, the 5-year DFS rates in the HLA class I positive group and in the dull/negative group were 100% and 71%, respectively. Conclusions Our study concluded that the HLA class I expression level might be a very sensitive prognostic factor in colorectal cancer patients with stage II disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Iwayama
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
| | - Tetsuhiro Tsuruma
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
| | - Toru Mizuguchi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Furuhata
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Toyota
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Matsumura
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-061, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Sato
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-061, Japan.
| | - Koichi Hirata
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1, W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan.
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22
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Yang W, Yoshigoe K, Qin X, Liu JS, Yang JY, Niemierko A, Deng Y, Liu Y, Dunker A, Chen Z, Wang L, Xu D, Arabnia HR, Tong W, Yang M. Identification of genes and pathways involved in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. BMC Bioinformatics 2014; 15 Suppl 17:S2. [PMID: 25559354 PMCID: PMC4304191 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-15-s17-s2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) is one of fatal genitourinary diseases and accounts for most malignant kidney tumours. KIRC has been shown resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Like many types of cancers, there is no curative treatment for metastatic KIRC. Using advanced sequencing technologies, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project of NIH/NCI-NHGRI has produced large-scale sequencing data, which provide unprecedented opportunities to reveal new molecular mechanisms of cancer. We combined differentially expressed genes, pathways and network analyses to gain new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease development. RESULTS Followed by the experimental design for obtaining significant genes and pathways, comprehensive analysis of 537 KIRC patients' sequencing data provided by TCGA was performed. Differentially expressed genes were obtained from the RNA-Seq data. Pathway and network analyses were performed. We identified 186 differentially expressed genes with significant p-value and large fold changes (P < 0.01, |log(FC)| > 5). The study not only confirmed a number of identified differentially expressed genes in literature reports, but also provided new findings. We performed hierarchical clustering analysis utilizing the whole genome-wide gene expressions and differentially expressed genes that were identified in this study. We revealed distinct groups of differentially expressed genes that can aid to the identification of subtypes of the cancer. The hierarchical clustering analysis based on gene expression profile and differentially expressed genes suggested four subtypes of the cancer. We found enriched distinct Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with these groups of genes. Based on these findings, we built a support vector machine based supervised-learning classifier to predict unknown samples, and the classifier achieved high accuracy and robust classification results. In addition, we identified a number of pathways (P < 0.04) that were significantly influenced by the disease. We found that some of the identified pathways have been implicated in cancers from literatures, while others have not been reported in the cancer before. The network analysis leads to the identification of significantly disrupted pathways and associated genes involved in the disease development. Furthermore, this study can provide a viable alternative in identifying effective drug targets. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified a set of differentially expressed genes and pathways in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, and represents a comprehensive computational approach to analysis large-scale next-generation sequencing data. The pathway and network analyses suggested that information from distinctly expressed genes can be utilized in the identification of aberrant upstream regulators. Identification of distinctly expressed genes and altered pathways are important in effective biomarker identification for early cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. Combining differentially expressed genes with pathway and network analyses using intelligent computational approaches provide an unprecedented opportunity to identify upstream disease causal genes and effective drug targets.
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23
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Liu S, Qi L, Yu Q, Song Y, Han W, Zu X, Jiang S, Yuan J, Zeng F, Xie Y. Survivin and HLA-I expression predicts survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8281-8. [PMID: 24852427 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of survivin and leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) proteins is associated with tumor progression. This study investigated their expressions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues for association with a clinical significance of ccRCC patients. Ninety ccRCC and 20 normal tissue samples (i.e., control) were immunohistochemically stained for survivin and HLA-I expression for an association with clinicopathological data and survival of ccRCC patients. Survivin protein was expressed in 82.2 % (74/90) of ccRCC tissue samples compared to 0 % in the normal tissues, and HLA-I protein was expressed in 90 % (18/20) of the normal tissues vs. 67.8 % (61/90) in ccRCC samples. Survivin expression was associated with tumor grade, stage, and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000, p = 0.016, and p = 0.001, respectively). Conversely, lost HLA-I expression did not have any associations with clinicopathological data (p > 0.05). Survivin-negative patients had a higher tumor-free survival rate than patients with survivin expression (p = 0.037). Patients with normal HLA-I levels had a higher tumor-free survival rate than those with reduced HLA-I levels (p = 0.02). The uni- and multivariate analyses indicated that expression of survivin and HLA-I, individually and in combination, was an independent predictor for survival of ccRCC patients. Overexpression of survivin but reduced HLA-I expression is useful in the prediction of tumor-free survival of ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulai Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Brown SD, Warren RL, Gibb EA, Martin SD, Spinelli JJ, Nelson BH, Holt RA. Neo-antigens predicted by tumor genome meta-analysis correlate with increased patient survival. Genome Res 2014; 24:743-50. [PMID: 24782321 PMCID: PMC4009604 DOI: 10.1101/gr.165985.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Somatic missense mutations can initiate tumorogenesis and, conversely, anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses. Tumor genome analysis has revealed extreme heterogeneity among tumor missense mutation profiles, but their relevance to tumor immunology and patient outcomes has awaited comprehensive evaluation. Here, for 515 patients from six tumor sites, we used RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify mutations that are predicted to be immunogenic in that they yielded mutational epitopes presented by the MHC proteins encoded by each patient’s autologous HLA-A alleles. Mutational epitopes were associated with increased patient survival. Moreover, the corresponding tumors had higher CTL content, inferred from CD8A gene expression, and elevated expression of the CTL exhaustion markers PDCD1 and CTLA4. Mutational epitopes were very scarce in tumors without evidence of CTL infiltration. These findings suggest that the abundance of predicted immunogenic mutations may be useful for identifying patients likely to benefit from checkpoint blockade and related immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Brown
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
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25
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Carretero R, Gil-Julio H, Vázquez-Alonso F, Garrido F, Castiñeiras J, Cózar J. Involvement of HLA class I molecules in the immune escape of urologic tumors. Actas Urol Esp 2014; 38:192-9. [PMID: 24315763 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE To analyze the influence of different alterations in human leukocyte antigen class I molecules (HLA I) in renal cell carcinoma, as well as in bladder and prostate cancer. We also study the correlation between HLA I expression and the progression of the disease and the response after immunotherapy protocols. EVIDENCES ACQUISITION It has been shown, experimentally, that the immune system can recognize and kill neoplastic cells. By analyzing the expression of HLA I molecules on the surface of cancer cells, we were able to study the tumor escape mechanisms against the immune system. EVIDENCES SYNTHESIS Alteration or irreversible damage in HLA I molecules is used by the neoplastic cells to escape the immune system. The function of these molecules is to recognize endogenous peptides and present them to T cells of the immune system. There is a clear relationship between HLA I reversible alterations and success of therapy. Irreversible lesions also imply a lack of response to treatment. The immune system activation can reverse HLA I molecules expression in tumors with reversible lesions, whereas tumors with irreversible ones do not respond to such activation. Determine the type of altered HLA I molecules in tumors is of paramount importance when choosing the type of treatment to keep looking for therapeutic success. Those tumors with reversible lesions can be treated with traditional immunotherapy; however, tumour with irreversible alterations should follow alternative protocols, such as the use of viral vectors carrying the HLA genes to achieve damaged re-expression of the protein. CONCLUSION From studies in urologic tumors, we can conclude that the HLA I molecules play a key role in these tumors escape to the immune system.
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Nada OH, Ahmed NS, Abou Gabal HH. Prognostic significance of HLA EMR8-5 immunohistochemically analyzed expression in osteosarcoma. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:72. [PMID: 24667142 PMCID: PMC3987053 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Defects in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I antigen expression and/or function in tumor cells have been extensively investigated, because of their potential role in the escape of tumor cells from T cell recognition and destruction. The researchers evaluated HLA class I expression in tumor tissue as a prognostic factor in osteosarcoma patients and as a predictor of their survival. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the pathology laboratory of Ain Shams University Hospital, and Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital during the period between January 2009 and January 2012. Methods The researchers investigated HLA class I expression in primary osteosarcoma by immunohistochemistry using EMR8-5 mAbs. Furthermore, researchers evaluated the correlation between HLA class I expression and the clinicopathological status and outcome in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues from thirty six (36) patients with osteosarcoma. Results A high expression of HLA class I was detected in 18 (50) % of tumor samples examined; while tumors with low or negative expression represented 9 (25%) cases each. Data indicate that the overall survival rate of patients with tumors highly expressing HLA class I was significantly higher than those with low or negative expression. Conclusion Down-regulation of class I antigen expression is associated with features of aggressive disease and a poorer prognosis. Therefore, it is imperative to identify HLA as a prognostic factor at the time of diagnosis to detect chemotherapy-resistant tumors and to generate a modified treatment regimen. Virtual slides The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1159334857109547.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola H Nada
- Department of pathology, faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yuan J, Liu S, Yu Q, Lin Y, Bi Y, Wang Y, An R. Down-regulation of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Acta Histochem 2013; 115:470-4. [PMID: 23245688 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins that have been reported to be down-regulated in multiple types of human malignancies, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). However, only one study has investigated its prognostic value in CCRCC. In the present study, HLA-I protein expression was analyzed in 120 archived, paraffin-embedded CCRCC samples and 10 adjacent normal tissues using immunohistochemistry. The correlation between HLA-I expression and clinicopathological factors was evaluated by the χ(2) test. Patients' overall survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. HLA-I down-regulation was observed in 38.3% (46/120) of renal tumor samples, but only in 10% (1/10) of adjacent normal tissues. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation of HLA-I expression with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and Fuhrman grade. Patients with tumors displaying down-regulation of HLA-I showed significantly shorter overall survival (P=0.021, log-rank test). More importantly, multivariate analysis indicated that down-regulation of HLA-I was an independent prognostic factor for CCRCC patients (P=0.033). Overall, our data suggest that HLA-I down-regulation is associated with tumor progression and a poor prognosis in CCRCC patients, and emphasize the importance of HLA-I in natural and therapeutic immune surveillance of patients with CCRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
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28
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Kaneko K, Ishigami S, Kijima Y, Funasako Y, Hirata M, Okumura H, Shinchi H, Koriyama C, Ueno S, Yoshinaka H, Natsugoe S. Clinical implication of HLA class I expression in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:454. [PMID: 22014037 PMCID: PMC3214195 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class I molecules on tumor cells have been regarded as crucial sites where cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can recognize tumor-specific antigens and are strongly associated with anti-tumor activity. However, the clinical impact of HLA class I expression in breast cancer has not been clarified. METHODS A total of 212 breast cancer patients who received curative surgery from 1993 to 2003 were enrolled in the current study. HLA class I expression was examined immunohistochemically using an anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody. The correlation between HLA class I positivity and clinical factors was analyzed. RESULTS The downregulation of HLA class I expression in breast cancer was observed in 69 patients (32.5%). HLA class I downregulation was significantly associated with nodal involvement (p < 0.05), TNM stage (p < 0.05), lymphatic invasion (p < 0.01), and venous invasion (p < 0.05). Patients with preserved HLA class I had significantly better disease-free interval (DFI) than those with loss of HLA class I (p < 0.05). However, in multivariable analysis, HLA class I was not selected as one of the independent prognostic factors of disease-free interval. CONCLUSION The examination of HLA class I expression is useful for the prediction of tumor progression and recurrent risk of breast cancer via the antitumor immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kaneko
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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Prognostic Factors and Predictive Models in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Contemporary Review. Eur Urol 2011; 60:644-61. [PMID: 21741163 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2011.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Prognostic significance of HLA class I expressing in gastric carcinoma defined by monoclonal anti-pan HLA class I antibody, EMR8-5. J Gastrointest Surg 2011; 15:1336-43. [PMID: 21512844 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-011-1545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Downregulation or loss of HLA class I molecules has been demonstrated in human cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of HLA class I expression in gastric cancer. METHODS Gastric cancer tissues from 189 patients were examined for expression of HLA class I heavy chain antigens by immunohistochemical staining with EMR8-5. The expression level of HLA class I of tumor cells is categorized by combining an estimate the percentage of immunoreactive cell with an estimate of the staining intensity. The relationship between HLA class I expression and clinicopathologic parameters, patient survival, and tumor recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS HLA class I was downregulated in 85 (45.0%) of the gastric carcinomas. Staining revealed 104 (55.0%) tumors with strongly positive expression of HLA class I antigens, 76 (40.2%) tumors with weakly positive expression, and 9 (4.8%) tumors with negative expression. The expression of HLA class I antigen did not correlate with any other clinicopathologic parameters. Moreover, HLA class I expression was neither a risk factor for tumor recurrence nor survival. CONCLUSION The downregulation of HLA class I expression is not associated with patient prognosis.
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Abstract
Recent advances in understanding the characteristics of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have brought to our attention many prognostic markers that affect and predict the survival outcome of patients with the disease. For the moment, however, patients with RCC have not received any benefit from such markers. If a patient is diagnosed as “high risk” by using such prognostic markers, there is no promising systemic therapy available. In this review we mainly focus on biomarkers of RCC that can be applied for therapeutic use reported in recent publications. Several issues and limitations in the reported studies are also highlighted and discussed. Developing biomarkers from the viewpoint of therapeutic application will lead to improvement of the prognosis of RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Stickel JS, Stickel N, Hennenlotter J, Klingel K, Stenzl A, Rammensee HG, Stevanović S. Quantification of HLA class I molecules on renal cell carcinoma using Edman degradation. BMC Urol 2011; 11:1. [PMID: 21251276 PMCID: PMC3037347 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2490-11-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unimpaired HLA class I antigen presentation is a prerequisite for the recognition of tumor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and thus essential for the success of anticancer immunotherapeutic concepts. Several approaches have been taken in the immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), however of limited success. HLA loss or down-regulation have often been reported and might interfere with immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at the recognition of HLA-presented peptides. METHODS We employed a quantitative method of molecular analysis for the comparison of HLA amounts on primary tumor, normal kidney and metastases of RCC, using Edman degradation. We analyzed a series of 47 RCC samples including corresponding renal parenchyma, local lymph node metastases and distant metastases. RESULTS Results of quantitative Edman degradation revealed significantly higher HLA yields on primary tumor and metastases compared to normal kidney tissue. This effect was shown not to result from infiltrating immune cells, since tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes had no influence on the overall HLA recovery from tumor tissue. Unexpectedly, we found a higher amount of HLA class I molecules on distant metastases compared to local lymph node metastases. CONCLUSION Edman degradation allows the direct quantitative comparison of HLA class I protein expression by tumor or normal tissue and metastases of RCC patients. Our results raise hopes for improving the success and effectiveness of future immunotherapeutic concepts for metastatic RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane S Stickel
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Yabe H, Tsukahara T, Kawaguchi S, Wada T, Torigoe T, Sato N, Terai C, Aoki M, Hirose S, Morioka H, Yabe H. Prognostic significance of HLA class I expression in Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors. J Surg Oncol 2010; 103:380-5. [PMID: 21400519 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) is one of the most malignant groups of tumors in young people. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I displays endogenously processed peptides to CD8+ T lymphocytes and has a key role for host immune surveillance. In ESFT, the investigation concerning both HLA class I expression and T-cell infiltration has yet to be reported. METHODS Biopsy specimens from 28 ESFT patients were evaluated by immunohistochemistry with the anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (mAb) EMR8-5 and anti-CD8 mAb, respectively. RESULTS Expression of HLA class I was negative in 10 tumors and down-regulated in 22 tumors. The status of CD8+ T cell infiltration was closely associated with the expression levels of HLA class I. ESFT patients with down-regulated or negative expression of HLA class I showed significantly poorer survival than the rest of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that CD8+ T cell-mediated immune response restricted by HLA class I might play an important role in immune surveillance of ESFT, and we revealed for the first time that the status of HLA class I expression affects the survival of the patients with ESFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yabe
- Division of Rheumatology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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Sáenz-López P, Gouttefangeas C, Hennenlotter J, Concha A, Maleno I, Ruiz-Cabello F, Cózar JM, Tallada M, Stenzl A, Rammensee HG, Garrido F, Cabrera T. Higher HLA class I expression in renal cell carcinoma than in autologous normal tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 75:110-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Terunuma H, Deng X, Dewan Z, Fujimoto S, Yamamoto N. Potential Role of NK Cells in the Induction of Immune Responses: Implications for NK Cell–Based Immunotherapy for Cancers and Viral Infections. Int Rev Immunol 2009; 27:93-110. [DOI: 10.1080/08830180801911743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Sato N, Hirohashi Y, Tsukahara T, Kikuchi T, Sahara H, Kamiguchi K, Ichimiya S, Tamura Y, Torigoe T. Molecular pathological approaches to human tumor immunology. Pathol Int 2009; 59:205-17. [PMID: 19351363 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2009.02353.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Research on human tumor immunology has greatly advanced in the past two decades. Many immunogenic tumor antigens have been identified, and some of these antigens entered in clinical trials. Consequently, it has been shown that these antigens can inhibit tumor growth in patients to some extent, indicating that they act as potent immunogenic therapeutic vaccines in cancer patients with malignancies originating from various tissues. These patients had antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses when assessed on tetramer, enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT), T-cell clonotype and CTL induction efficiency. Thus, it has become clear that human tumor vaccines can evoke clinical and immunological anti-tumor responses in patients. The tumor regression effects of tumor vaccines, however, are generally low, and it is obvious that current vaccination protocols are generally too weak to provide substantial and satisfactory clinical benefits. This means that other drastic and more potent clinical and immunological protocols are required in cancer immunotherapy. To find such efficient protocols the basic immunological and biological properties of cancers must be investigated. In the present review the identification of human tumor antigens recognized on CTL and the clinical trials are introduced. Next, the most recent analysis of human cancer-initiating cell (cancer stem cell)-associated antigens is described. These antigens might be able to act as 'universal, general and fundamental' tumor antigens. Also present is the authors' recent study for increasing cross-presentation efficiency in dendritic cells and subsequent enhancement of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class I-restricted peptide antigenicity by using HSP90 and ORP150 molecular chaperones that act as endogenous Toll-like receptor ligands. In addition to the aforementioned manipulation of the positive loop of tumor immunity, it is necessary to regulate and intervene in the negative loop. In particular, the potential of the expression of HLA class I molecule regulation by epigenetic mechanisms will be discussed. Finally, the type of basic and clinical tumor immunology research highly required currently, and in the very near future, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Sato
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo Japan.
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Renal Cell Carcinoma: Biological Features and Rationale for Molecular-targeted Therapy. Keio J Med 2009; 58:1-11. [DOI: 10.2302/kjm.58.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mizukami Y, Kono K, Maruyama T, Watanabe M, Kawaguchi Y, Kamimura K, Fujii H. Downregulation of HLA Class I molecules in the tumour is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:1462-7. [PMID: 18841157 PMCID: PMC2579690 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As antigenic peptides in the context of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules are recognised by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), the downregulation of HLA class I molecules is one of the reasons why tumour cells can evade CTL-mediated anti-tumour immunity. In this study, we investigated HLA class I expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (n=70) and in their metastatic lesions (lymph nodes (n=40) and liver (n=3)), by immunohistochemistry with anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (EMR8-5). As a result, the downregulation of HLA class I expression in primary lesions of ESCC was observed in 43%, and that in metastatic lymph nodes was noted in 90%. Furthermore, patients with preserved HLA class I expression in primary tumours showed a better survival in comparison to those with downregulated HLA class I molecules (P<0.01). Furthermore, multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model revealed that the downregulated expression of HLA class I in primary lesions was an independent, unfavourable prognostic factor (P<0.01). In conclusion, the downregulation of HLA class I expression frequently occurred in primary tumour and, to a greater extent, in metastatic lesions of patients with ESCC and was associated with patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mizukami
- First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo-city, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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Hsieh CH, Hsu YJ, Chang CC, Liu HC, Chuang KL, Chuang CK, Pang ST, Hasumi K, Ferrone S, Liao SK. Total HLA class I loss in a sarcomatoid renal carcinoma cell line caused by the coexistence of distinct mutations in the two encoding beta2-microglobulin genes. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 58:395-408. [PMID: 18704411 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), HLA class I downregulation has been found in about 40% of the lesions examined. Since only scanty information is available about the molecular basis of these defects, we have investigated the mechanism(s) underlying HLA class I antigen downregulation or loss in six RCC cell lines. Five of them express HLA class I antigens although at various levels; on the other hand, HLA class I antigens are not detectable on the remaining cell line, the RCC52 cell line, belonging to a sarcomatoid subtype, even following incubation with IFN-gamma. beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2) m) was not detected in RCC52 cells. Surprisingly, RCC52 cells harbor two mutations in the beta ( 2 ) m genes in exon 1: a single G deletion (delG) in codon 6, which introduces a premature stop at codon 7, and a CT dinucleotide deletion (delCT), which leads to a premature stop at codon 55. Analysis of eight clonal sublines isolated from the RCC52 cell line showed that the two beta ( 2 ) m gene mutations are carried separately by RCC52 cell subpopulations. The delG/delCT double mutations were detected in two sublines with a fibroblast-like morphology, while the delCT mutation was detected in the remaining six sublines with an epithelial cell morphology. Furthermore, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the beta ( 2 ) m gene at STR D15S-209 was found only in the epithelioid subpopulation, indicating loss of one copy of chromosome 15. Immunostaining results of the tumor lesion from which the cell line RCC52 was originated were consistent with the phenotyping/molecular findings of the cultured cells. This is the first example of the coexistence of distinct beta ( 2 ) m defects in two different tumor subpopulations of a RCC, where loss of one copy of chromosome 15 occurs in one of the subpopulations with total HLA class I antigen loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsuan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Ishigami S, Natsugoe S, Nakajo A, Arigami T, Kitazono M, Okumura H, Matsumoto M, Uchikado Y, Setoyama T, Sasaki K, Aikou T. HLA-class I expression in gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol 2008; 97:605-8. [PMID: 18459158 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the clinical impact of HLA-class I tumor cells in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS HLA-class I expression was immunohistochemically evaluated in specimens from 141 gastric cancer patients. The correlation between HLA-class I expression and clinical factors was analyzed. RESULTS HLA-class I was identified in 96 (68.1%) gastric carcinomas. The loss of HLA-class I significantly correlated with the depth of invasion (P < 0.01), nodal involvement (P < 0.05) and tumor histology (P < 0.01). According to the positivity of HLA-class I, shallow depth and the absence of nodal metastasis increased. HLA-class I expression was a significant prognostic factor in gastric cancer (P < 0.02); however, HLA-class I was not an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our data may suggest that loss of HLA-class I in gastric cancer did not directly reflect immunological escape from tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, unlike in other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumiya Ishigami
- Digestive Surgery Surgical Oncology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Kagoshima, Japan.
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Kikuchi E, Yamazaki K, Torigoe T, Cho Y, Miyamoto M, Oizumi S, Hommura F, Dosaka-Akita H, Nishimura M. HLA class I antigen expression is associated with a favorable prognosis in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2007; 98:1424-30. [PMID: 17645781 PMCID: PMC11159758 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00558.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I displays a repertoire of endogenously processed peptides to CD8(+) T lymphocytes. The present study assessed correlations between HLA class I expression, clinicopathologic factors, and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Expression of HLA class I was assessed in 161 resected primary NSCLC by immunohistochemistry using EMR8-5, a novel monoclonal anti-pan HLA class I heavy chain antibody. Expression of HLA class I was classified into three categories: strongly positive, weakly positive, or negative. Tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) lymphocytes and CD56(+) natural killer cells within cancer nests and stroma were also counted. Expression of HLA class I was strongly positive in 50 tumors, weakly positive in 57 tumors, and negative in 54 tumors. Down-regulation of HLA class I was significantly correlated with male sex, history of smoking, non-adenocarcinoma histology, and moderate-/low-grade differentiation. The density of cancer nest-infiltrating CD8(+) cells in HLA class I-negative tumors was significantly decreased compared to that in HLA class I strongly positive tumors (P < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant favorable influence on overall survival for patients displaying tumors with strongly positive expression of HLA class I (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed down-regulation of HLA class I as an independent factor of poor prognosis in pathological stage I patients, but not in late-stage patients. These results suggest that down-regulation of HLA class I expression in NSCLC is a marker of poor prognosis, and this may play a critical role in immune surveillance of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiki Kikuchi
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kitaku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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