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Nakamura K, Norihisa Y, Ikeda I, Inokuchi H, Aizawa R, Kamoto T, Kamba T, Inoue T, Yamasaki T, Akamatsu S, Kobayashi T, Ogawa O, Mizowaki T. Ten‐year outcomes of whole‐pelvic intensity‐modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer with regional lymph node metastasis. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7859-7867. [PMID: 36536528 PMCID: PMC10134326 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of pelvic node-positive prostate cancer has been challenging and controversial. We conducted a study to evaluate the outcomes of whole-pelvic (WP) simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS A total of 67 consecutive patients with cT1c-4N1M0 prostate cancer were definitively treated by WP SIB-IMRT. Neoadjuvant ADT (median: 8.3 months) was administered in all cases. WP SIB-IMRT was designed to simultaneously deliver 78, 66.3, and 58.5 Gy in 39 fractions to the prostate plus seminal vesicles, metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), and the pelvic LN region, respectively. Adjuvant ADT (median: 24.7 months) was administered in 66 patients. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 81.6 months (range: 30.5-160.7). Biochemical relapse-free, overall, and prostate cancer-specific survival rates at 10 years were 59.8%, 79.6%, and 86.3%, respectively. Loco-regional recurrence was not observed. Being in International Society of Urological Pathology grade group 5 and having a posttreatment detectable nadir prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (≥0.010 ng/ml) were significantly associated with worse prostate cancer-specific survival and progression of castration resistance. The 10-year cumulative incidence rates of grade 2 and 3 late toxicities were, respectively, 1.5% and 0% for genitourinary, 0% and 1.5% for gastrointestinal events. No grade 4 acute or late toxicities were observed. CONCLUSIONS WP SIB-IMRT can be safely administered to patients with pelvic node-positive prostate cancer. Since grade group 5 and detectable nadir PSA levels are risks for castration resistance, we may need to increase the intensity of treatment for such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyonao Nakamura
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image‐Applied Therapy Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshiki Norihisa
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image‐Applied Therapy Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Itaru Ikeda
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image‐Applied Therapy Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Haruo Inokuchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image‐Applied Therapy Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Rihito Aizawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image‐Applied Therapy Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Toshinari Yamasaki
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Shusuke Akamatsu
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Mizowaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image‐Applied Therapy Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
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Sun X, Liu M, Zhao Y, Leng K, Zhang H. Evaluation of cystoprostatectomy on patients with prostate cancer extending to bladder: a retrospective study from single center. BMC Urol 2022; 22:118. [PMID: 35902854 PMCID: PMC9330683 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This is an exploratory research of cystoprostatectomy (CP) in treating prostate cancer (PCa) extending to the bladder, which aimed to evaluate the effects of CP on survival outcomes and improving quality of life (QoL) in these patients. Methods A total of 27 PCa patients extending to the bladder were subjected to CP and followed up at regular intervals in our center. Prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) and prostate-specific antigen recurrence-free survival (PFS) were assessed by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to evaluate clinical characteristics predicting survivals. QoL and pelvic symptoms were also evaluated. Results Median PCSS was not reached over the period of follow-up. 5-year PCSS rate was 82.1%. Median PFS was 66.0 months. 5-year PFS rate was 58.5%. Multivariate analysis showed Gleason score (≥ 8) (hazard ratio (HR) 2.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–4.04, p = 0.033), positive local lymph node status (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.57–7.38, p = 0.006) and bladder muscle-invasion (HR 4.75, 95% CI 1.37–7.53, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of worse PCSS. The number of patients suffering pelvic symptoms was significantly decreased, and QoL scores were significantly down-regulated after surgeries. Conclusion CP offered effective and durable palliation in patients of locally advanced prostate cancer with invasion of the bladder, providing better QoL and relieving local symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Oncologic Chemotherapy, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Kang Leng
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Ondo CZ, Ndiath A, Sarr A, Thiam A, Sine B, Sow O, Ndour NS, Diao B, Fall PA, Ndoye AK. Metastatic prostate cancer: clinical aspects and treatment limitations in a university hospital center in Senegal. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12301-021-00223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer is most often diagnosed at the metastatic stage in many sub-Saharan African countries. The objective of our study is to analyze the management of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma based on epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects in developing country context.
Methods
Retrospective study collecting 276 patients from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2019 in Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. Parameters studied: age, family history of prostate cancer, reasons for consultation, total Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), anatomic pathology examination, extension assessment, treatment, nadir PSA, castration resistance, and overall survival.
Results
The average age was 71.4 years. A family history of prostate cancer was noted in 21 patients. Spinal pain was the most noted reason for consultation. The average total PSA level was 1967.1 ng/ml. The majority of patients had moderately differentiated prostate cancer. Bone metastases were the most common. All patients had androgen suppression. A tumor cytoreduction was performed in 89 patients. The average nadir PSA was 193 ng/ml as early as the sixth month. The time to onset of castration resistance ranged from 6 to 30 months. Abiraterone acetate was used in seven patients and docetaxel in 43 patients. The overall survival of the patients was 19.8 ± 1.2 months.
Conclusion
Metastatic prostate cancer was most often symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Second-line treatments were rarely used during castration resistance. Overall survival was low.
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Miyasaka Y, Kawamura H, Sato H, Kubo N, Mizukami T, Matsui H, Miyazawa Y, Ito K, Nakano T, Suzuki K, Ohno T. Carbon ion radiotherapy for prostate cancer with bladder invasion. BMC Urol 2021; 21:106. [PMID: 34362355 PMCID: PMC8349048 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal management of clinical T4 (cT4) prostate cancer (PC) is still uncertain.
At our institution, carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for nonmetastatic PC, including tumors invading the bladder, has been performed since 2010. Since carbon ion beams provide a sharp dose distribution with minimal penumbra and have biological advantages over photon radiotherapy, CIRT may provide a therapeutic benefit for PC with bladder invasion. Hence, we evaluated CIRT for PC with bladder invasion in terms of the safety and efficacy. Methods Between March 2010 and December 2016, a total of 1337 patients with nonmetastatic PC received CIRT at a total dose of 57.6 Gy (RBE) in 16 fractions over 4 weeks. Among them, seven patients who had locally advanced PC with bladder invasion were identified. Long-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was also administered to these patients. Adverse events were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event version 5.0. Results At the completion of our study, all the patients with cT4 PC were alive with a median follow-up period of 78 months. Grade 2 acute urinary disorders were observed in only one patient. Regarding late toxicities, only one patient developed grade 2 hematuria and urinary urgency. There was no grade 3 or worse toxicity, and gastrointestinal toxicity was not observed. Six (85.7%) patients had no recurrence or metastasis. One patient had biochemical and local failures 42 and 45 months after CIRT, respectively. However, the recurrent disease has been well controlled by salvage ADT. Conclusions Seven patients with locally advanced PC invading the bladder treated with CIRT were evaluated. Our findings seem to suggest positive safety and efficacy profiles for CIRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Miyasaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Kawamura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan. .,Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Hiro Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Nobuteru Kubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Mizukami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsui
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Urology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Miyazawa
- Department of Urology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ito
- Department of Urology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Kurosawa Hospital, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Urology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ohno
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan
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5
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Braga SFM, Silva RPD, Guerra Junior AA, Cherchiglia ML. Prostate Cancer Survival and Mortality according to a 13-year retrospective cohort study in Brazil: Competing-Risk Analysis. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 24:e210006. [PMID: 33439942 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720210006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) among patients with prostate cancer that initiated treatment in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), between 2002 and 2010, in Brazil. METHODS Retrospective observational study that used the National Oncological Database, which was developed by record-linkage techniques used to integrate data from SUS Information Systems, namely: Outpatient (SIA-SUS), Hospital (SIH-SUS), and Mortality (SIM-SUS). Cancer-specific and other-cause survival probabilities were estimated by the time elapsed between the date of the first treatment until the patients' deaths or the end of the study, from 2002 until 2015. The Fine-Gray model for competing risk was used to estimate factors associated with patients' risk of death. RESULTS Of the 112,856 studied patients, the average age was 70.5 years, 21% died due to prostate cancer, and 25% due to other causes. Specific survival in 160 months was 75%, and other-cause survival was 67%. For CSM, the main factors associated with patients' risk of death were: stage IV (AHR = 2.91; 95%CI 2.73 - 3.11), systemic treatment (AHR = 2.10; 95%CI 2.00 - 2.22), and combined surgery (AHR = 2.30, 95%CI 2.18 - 2.42). As for OCM, the main factors associated with patients' risk of death were age and comorbidities. CONCLUSION The analyzed patients with prostate cancer were older and died mainly from other causes, probably due to the presence of comorbidities associated with the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Faria Mendes Braga
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Rumenick Pereira da Silva
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense - Niterói (RJ), Brazil.,Graduate Program in Statistics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Augusto Afonso Guerra Junior
- Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Mariangela Leal Cherchiglia
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
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Narita S, Nomura K, Hatakeyama S, Takahashi M, Sakurai T, Kawamura S, Hoshi S, Ishida M, Kawaguchi T, Ishidoya S, Shimoda J, Sato H, Mitsuzuka K, Tochigi T, Tsuchiya N, Ohyama C, Arai Y, Nagashima K, Habuchi T. Changes in conditional net survival and dynamic prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6566-6577. [PMID: 31508900 PMCID: PMC6825980 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors associated with conditional net survival in patients with metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer (mHNPC) initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS At nine hospitals in Tohoku, Japan, the medical records of 605 consecutive patients with mHNPC who initially received ADT were retrospectively reviewed. The Pohar Perme estimator was used to calculate conditional net cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) for up to 5 years subsequent to the diagnosis. Using multiple imputation, proportional hazard ratios for conditional CSS and OS were calculated with adjusted Cox regression models. RESULTS During a median follow up of 2.95 years, 208 patients died, of which 169 died due to progressive prostate cancer. At baseline, the 5-year CSS and OS rates were 65.5% and 58.2%, respectively. Conditional 5-year net CSS and OS survival gradually increased for all the patients. In patients given a 5-year survivorship, the conditional 5-year net CSS and OS rates improved to 0.906 and 0.811, respectively. Only the extent of disease score (EOD) ≥2 remained a prognostic factor for CSS and OS up to 5 years; as survival time increased, other variables were no longer independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS The conditional 5-year net CSS and OS in patients with mHNPC gradually increased; thus, the risk of mortality decreased with increasing survival. The patient's risk profile changed over time. EOD remained an independent prognostic factor for CSS and OS after 5-year follow-up. Conditional net survival can play a role in clinical decision-making, providing intriguing information for cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nomura
- Department of Public Health, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Sakurai
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Sadafumi Kawamura
- Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Senji Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Masanori Ishida
- Department of Urology, Iwate Prefectural Isawa Hospital, Mizusawa, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kawaguchi
- Department of Urology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Shigeto Ishidoya
- Department of Urology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Jiro Shimoda
- Department of Urology, Iwate Prefectural Isawa Hospital, Mizusawa, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sato
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Koji Mitsuzuka
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Tochigi
- Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Yoichi Arai
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagashima
- Research Center for Medical and Health Data Science, The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Minato-ku, Japan
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7
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Choi SY, Ryu J, You D, Hong JH, Ahn H, Kim CS. Simple risk assessment in prostate cancer patients treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy: The Korean Cancer Study of the Prostate risk classification. Int J Urol 2018; 26:62-68. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se Young Choi
- Department of Urology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jeman Ryu
- Department of Urology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Dalsan You
- Department of Urology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Hong
- Department of Urology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hanjong Ahn
- Department of Urology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Choung-Soo Kim
- Department of Urology; Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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8
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Kim AH, Konety B, Chen Z, Schumacher F, Kutikov A, Smaldone M, Abouassaly R, Khanna A, Kim SP. Comparative Effectiveness of Local and Systemic Therapy for T4 Prostate Cancer. Urology 2018; 120:173-179. [PMID: 29990574 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of local vs systemic therapy among patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic clinical T4 prostate cancer. METHODS Using the National Cancer Database men with clinical T4N0-1M0 prostate cancer from 2004 to 2013 were identified. Local therapy was defined as radiation (RT with androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]), surgery (radical prostatectomy with ADT), or combined radiation plus surgery (radical prostatectomy plus RT with ADT). Systemic therapy was defined as ADT or chemotherapy alone. The primary outcome of overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Factors associated with overall survival were determined by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 1914 patients were included in our analysis, 1559 received local therapy and 355 received systemic therapy. Median 5-year survival for local vs systemic therapy was 41.5 and 28.2 months, respectively. On multivariable analysis, local therapy was associated with increased overall survival compared to systemic therapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44-0.62, P < .001). Comparing local therapy treatment modalities, both radiation (HR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.36-0.53, P < .001) and surgery (HR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.55-0.82, P < .001) were associated with increased overall survival compared to systemic therapy. Among those receiving local therapy, more patients were treated with radiation (n = 709/1559 or 45.5%) compared to surgery (n = 560/1559 or 35.9%) or combined radiation plus surgery (n = 290/1559 or 18.6%) with 5-year overall survival by treatment type being 61%, 51.4%, and 62.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION Local therapy for clinical T4 prostate cancer is associated with improved overall survival. Due to the retrospective, nonrandomized nature of the study design, a clinical trial is needed to better define the efficacy of local therapy in this high-risk patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert H Kim
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Badrinath Konety
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Health System, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Zhengyi Chen
- Center for Community Health Integration (CHI), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Alexander Kutikov
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marc Smaldone
- Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Urology, Cleveland, OH
| | - Robert Abouassaly
- Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Urology, Cleveland, OH; Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Urology, Cleveland, OH
| | - Abhinav Khanna
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Urology, Cleveland, OH
| | - Simon P Kim
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.
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9
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Ding M, Pan J, Guo Z, Liu Q, Yang C, Mao L. SATB1 is a Novel Molecular Target for Cancer Therapy. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:28-36. [PMID: 29381393 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1423688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Guo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Quhe Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lijun Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
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10
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Taneja SS. Re: Mortality among Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer Excluded from the ProtecT Trial. J Urol 2017; 197:1456-1457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Spahn M, Morlacco A, Boxler S, Joniau S, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Gontero P, Bader P, Frohneberg D, van Poppel H, Karnes RJ. Outcome predictors of radical cystectomy in patients with cT4 prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study of 62 patients. BJU Int 2017; 120:E52-E58. [PMID: 28220605 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify which patients with macroscopic bladder-infiltrating T4 prostate cancer (PCa) might have favourable outcomes when treated with radical cystectomy (RC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 62 patients with cT4cN0-1 cM0 PCa treated with RC and pelvic lymph node dissection between 1972 and 2011. In addition to descriptive statistics, the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used to depict survival rates. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis tested the association between predictors and progression-free, PCa-specific and overall survival. RESULTS Of the 62 patients, 19 (30.6%) did not have clinical progression during follow-up, two (3.2%) had local recurrence, and 32 (51.6%) had haematogenous and nine (14.5%) combined pelvic and distant metastasis. Forty patients (64.5%) died, 34 (54.8%) from PCa and six (9.7%) from other causes. The median (range) survival time of the 19 patients who were metastasis-free at last follow-up was 86 (1-314) months, 8/19 patients had a follow-up of >5 years, and five patients survived metastasis-free for >15 years. Patients without seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) had the best outcomes, with an estimated 10-year PCa-specific survival of 75% compared with 24% for patients with SVI. CONCLUSION For cT4 PCa RC can be an appropriate treatment for local control and part of a multimodality-treatment approach. Although recurrences are probable, these do not necessarily translate into cancer-specific death. Men without SVI had a 75% 10-year PCa-specific survival. Although outcomes for patients with SVI are not as favourable, there can be good local control; however, these patients are at higher risk of progression and may need more aggressive systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Spahn
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Morlacco
- Department of Urology, Mayo Medical School and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Silvan Boxler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Steven Joniau
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Gontero
- Department of Urology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pia Bader
- Department of Urology, Community Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Detlef Frohneberg
- Department of Urology, Community Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hein van Poppel
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Downer MK, Van Blarigan EL, Peisch SF, Stampfer MJ. Should We Fear Folate? Eur Urol 2016; 70:952-953. [PMID: 27317090 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Downer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Erin L Van Blarigan
- Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sam F Peisch
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Mao LJ, Yang CH, Fan L, Gao P, Yang DR, Xue BX, Zheng JN, Shan YX. SATB1 promotes prostate cancer metastasis by the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:1-8. [PMID: 27044805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) plays important role in the regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression. Recent studies have indicated oncogenic role of SATB1. However, the function of SATB1 in prostate cancer progression and metastasis remains unclear. In this study SATB1 expression vector or siRNA was employed to modulate the expression level of SATB1 in prostate cancer cells and xenograft tumor in nude mouse model. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on clinical prostate cancer samples. Silencing SATB1 inhibited the growth of DU-145 cells subcutaneous tumor in nude mice, while SATB1 overexpression promoted the growth of LNCaP cells subcutaneous tumor in nude mice. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis of the xenografts showed that silencing SATB1 led to decreased expression of vimentin and MMP2 and increased expression of E-cadherin, while SATB1 overexpression led to increased expression of vimentin and MMP2 and decreased expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, SATB1, vimentin and MMP2 expression was increased significantly while E-cadherin expression was reduced significantly in clinical samples of prostate carcinoma with metastasis compared to prostate carcinoma without metastasis and benign prostate hyperplasia. Taken together, these findings suggest that the modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by SATB1 may contribute to prostate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-jun Mao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Chun-hua Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Li Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Dong-rong Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Bo-xin Xue
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jun-nian Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China.
| | - Yu-Xi Shan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
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Muralidhar V, Mahal BA, Nguyen PL. Conditional cancer-specific mortality in T4, N1, or M1 prostate cancer: implications for long-term prognosis. Radiat Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26220664 PMCID: PMC4518568 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-015-0470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) following a diagnosis of prostate cancer may improve after patients have survived a number of years after diagnosis. We sought to determine long-term conditional PCSM for patients with stage T4, N1, or M1 prostate cancer. Methods We identified 66,817 patients diagnosed with stage IV (T4N0M0, N1M0, or M1) prostate cancer between 1973 and 2011 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Conditional five-year PCSM was evaluated for each group of patients at 5, 10, and 15 years of survival according to the Fine & Gray model for competing risks after adjusting for tumor grade, age, income level, and marital status. Race-stratified analyses were also performed. Results There were 13,345 patients with T4 disease, 12,450 patients with N1 disease, and 41,022 patients with M1 disease. Median follow-up among survivors in the three groups was 123 months (range: 0–382 months), 61 months (range: 0–410 months), and 30 months (range: 0–370 months), respectively. Conditional PCSM improved in all three groups over time. Among patients with T4 disease, 5-year PCSM improved from 13.9 % at diagnosis to 11.2, 8.1, and 6.5 % conditioned on 5, 10, or 15 years of survival, respectively (p < 0.001 in all cases). In patients with N1 disease, 5-year PCSM increased within the first five years and decreased thereafter, from 18.9 % at diagnosis to 21.4 % (p < 0.001), 17.6 % (p = 0.055), and 13.8 % (p < 0.001), respectively. In patients with metastatic disease, 5-year PCSM improved from 57.2 % at diagnosis to 41.1, 28.8, and 20.8 %, respectively (p < 0.001). White race was associated with a greater increase in conditional survival compared to non-white race among those with T4 or N1 disease. Conclusions While patients with T4, N1, or M1 prostate cancer are never “cured,” their odds of cancer-specific survival increase substantially after they have survived for 5 or more years. Physicians who take care of patients with prostate cancer can use this data to guide follow-up decisions and to counsel newly diagnosed patients and survivors regarding their long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Muralidhar
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | | | - Paul L Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Oton CA, Blanco L, Oton LF, Moral S. Comparing CTVs for permanent prostate brachytherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 17:393-7. [PMID: 25351173 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-014-1245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To delineate the clinical target volume (CTV) in low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy for prostate cancer, American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) recommends a CTV = prostate. ESTRO advocates a CTV = prostate + 3 mm excluding rectum and many authors use and recommend other different CTVs. This study aims to: (1) evaluate the appropriateness of these recommendations and (2) test the applicability of seed distributions on the different CTVs and contrast the dosimetric differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-eight patients treated with (125)I seeds (dose 145 Gy; CTV = prostate) were studied. We established for every patient: (1) risk of extraprostatic extension (EPE), (2) adequacy of original plan to an extended CTV with 3 mm-margin (3) a new planning and seed distribution for this CTV and (4) comparison of dosimetry of both plans. RESULTS Mean risk of EPE was 28.46 %. Original plan, when applied to the extended CTV, resulted in unsatisfactory dosimetry. A plan was generated for the 98 extended CTVs meeting all dosimetric specifications. CONCLUSIONS The risk of EPE is high enough to consider a 3 mm-margin around prostate necessary for all cases. A CTV = prostate + 3 mm except rectum as ESTRO recommends is feasible and would adjust planning to the most probable extension of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Oton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of La Laguna Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain,
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Long-term outcomes of combined androgen blockade therapy in stage IV prostate cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:759-65. [PMID: 25326347 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To clarify which subset of stage IV prostate cancer patients benefit from combined androgen blockade (CAB) using Japanese nationwide database. METHODS A total of 3,752 patients with stage IV disease from the prospective nationwide cohort database of the Japan Study Group of Prostate Cancer (J-CaP) were enrolled. All patients started primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) between 2001 and 2003, and the present study was performed using the data set from December 2011. Patients were divided into two groups according to initial treatments: CAB with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LHRH) plus anti-androgen (AA) and non-CAB treatments such as LHRH monotherapy. The overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for each group were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS A total of 2,967 patients (79.1%) received CAB. Overall, no significant difference was observed in OS and CSS between the CAB group and the non-CAB group. However, CAB resulted in significantly better OS and CSS compared to non-CAB in patients with very high Japan Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (J-CAPRA) scores of ten or greater (P = 0.007 and 0.013, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that CAB was an independent predictive factor for better OS (P = 0.013, hazard ratio = 0.83). CONCLUSIONS Based on large-scale nationwide database, as PADT for prostate cancer patients with very high-risk disease, CAB resulted in better OS than other endocrine treatments.
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18
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Casenave J, Sénéchal C, Nevoux P, Gourtaud G, Tressières B, Blanchet P. [Stage IV prostate cancer in Guadeloupe, a French Caribbean archipelago]. Prog Urol 2014; 24:167-72. [PMID: 24560205 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2013.08.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study clinical characteristics, in terms of survival and response to treatment, of patients with non-localized prostate cancer at diagnosis in an Afro-Caribbean population from Guadeloupe. METHODS Cases of stage IV prostate cancer (T4N0M0, TxN1M0 and TxNxM1) at diagnosis in the Pointe à Pitre Hospital were selected from 1995 to 2012 and studied. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-three patients were included. Median age at diagnosis was 70.3 years old (79.2% were more than 65 years). A total of 81.5% of them was TxNxM1 and 11.5% was TxN1M0. Median disease free survival was 18.5 months. Median overall survival was 49.0 months. CONCLUSION This study about non-localized prostate cancer at diagnosis in an Afro-Caribbean population from a French Caribbean archipelago seemed to show no difference with general population suffering from the same disease, although prostate cancer incidence in this area is one of the highest in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Casenave
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe.
| | - C Sénéchal
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - P Nevoux
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - G Gourtaud
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - B Tressières
- Centre d'investigation clinique-épidémiologie clinique Antilles/Guyane, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - P Blanchet
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, 97159 Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe
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Wang H, Yao Y, Li B. Factors associated with the survival of prostate cancer patients with rectal involvement. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:35. [PMID: 24555830 PMCID: PMC3938032 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer patients with rectal involvement are rare, and the factors associated with the survival of these patients are yet to be elucidated. PATIENTS AND METHODS We collected data on patients who were admitted to our hospital for prostate cancer in the last thirteen years and of those in studies in the literature. The associations of clinical characteristics with survival were evaluated using Cox regression models. RESULTS This study included 94 patients (5 admitted to our hospital and 89 from studies in the literature) of prostate cancer with rectal involvement. 11 patients in the group of synchronous rectal involvement at first cancer diagnosis (n = 58) and 23 patients in the group of metachronous diagnosis of rectal involvement (n = 29) died at the latest follow up. The estimated overall survival rate (% ± SE) at 1, 3, and 5 years were 68.3 ± 5.3%, 54.4 ± 7.2%, and 38.1 ± 11.1%, respectively. In the Cox univariate analysis, Asian prostate cancer (p = 0.001) was associated with better survival, while rectal bleeding (p = 0.043), metachronous presentation of development of rectal involvement (p = 0.000), prior hormonal therapy (p = 0.000) and extrarectal metastases (p = 0.054) were associated with poor survival. In multivariate analysis, prior hormone therapy (HR = 14.540, p = 0.000) and rectal bleeding (HR = 2.195, p = 0.041) retained independent poor prognostic values. There were 13 patients survived for more than 3 years, the longest survival time was 96 months. Total pelvic extenteration (TPE) combined with hormonal therapy in 12 hormone-untreated prostate cancer give us six of thirteen long-term survivors for more than 3 years in this series. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that rectal involvement does not necessarily predict a worse outcome when presenting as a previously hormone-untreated disease and that the prognosis was worse when presenting as a hormone relapsed disease. Prior hormone therapy and rectal bleeding were associated independently with a significantly poor overall survival in prostate cancer patients with rectal involvement. TPE combined with hormonal therapy appears to confer better overall survival in hormonally untreated patients. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1604504118106105.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiTao Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Research Group of Evidence-based Clinical Oncology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - YanHong Yao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - BaoGuo Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Research Group of Evidence-based Clinical Oncology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
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Hsiao W. Editorial comment from Dr Hsiao to Prognostic impact of young age on stage IV prostate cancer treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy. Int J Urol 2014; 21:584-5. [PMID: 24446691 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wayland Hsiao
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California, USA.
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Kimura T, Onozawa M, Miyazaki J, Matsuoka T, Joraku A, Kawai K, Nishiyama H, Hinotsu S, Akaza H. Prognostic impact of young age on stage IV prostate cancer treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy. Int J Urol 2014; 21:578-83. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Kimura
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Mizuki Onozawa
- Department of Urology; Tokyo-kita Social Insurance Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Jun Miyazaki
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Taeko Matsuoka
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Akira Joraku
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Koji Kawai
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishiyama
- Department of Urology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Shiro Hinotsu
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine; Okayama University; Okayama Japan
| | - Hideyuki Akaza
- Department of Strategic Investigation on Comprehensive Cancer Network; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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Upregulation of SATB1 is associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness and disease progression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53527. [PMID: 23308245 PMCID: PMC3538595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease aggressiveness remains a critical factor to the progression of prostate cancer. Transformation of epithelial cells to mesenchymal lineage, associated with the loss of E-cadherin, offers significant invasive potential and migration capability. Recently, Special AT-rich binding protein (SATB1) has been linked to tumor progression. SATB1 is a cell-type restricted nuclear protein, which functions as a tissue-specific organizer of DNA sequences during cellular differentiation. Our results demonstrate that SATB1 plays significant role in prostate tumor invasion and migration and its nuclear localization correlates with disease aggressiveness. Clinical specimen analysis showed that SATB1 was predominantly expressed in the nucleus of high-grade tumors compared to low-grade tumor and benign tissue. A progressive increase in the nuclear levels of SATB1 was observed in cancer tissues compared to benign specimens. Similarly, SATB1 protein levels were higher in a number of prostate cancer cells viz. HPV-CA-10, DU145, DUPro, PC-3, PC-3M, LNCaP and C4-2B, compared to non-tumorigenic PZ-HPV-7 cells. Nuclear expression of SATB1 was higher in biologically aggressive subclones of prostate cancer cells with their respective parental cell lines. Furthermore, ectopic SATB1 transfection conferred increased cell motility and invasiveness in immortalized human prostate epithelial PZ-HPV-7 cells which correlated with the loss of E-cadherin expression. Consequently, knockdown of SATB1 in highly aggressive human prostate cancer PC-3M cells inhibited invasiveness and tumor growth in vivo along with increase in E-cadherin protein expression. Our findings demonstrate that SATB1 has ability to promote prostate cancer aggressiveness through epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Cheng L, Montironi R, Bostwick DG, Lopez-Beltran A, Berney DM. Staging of prostate cancer. Histopathology 2011; 60:87-117. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lin DW, FitzGerald LM, Fu R, Kwon EM, Zheng SL, Kolb S, Wiklund F, Stattin P, Isaacs WB, Xu J, Ostrander EA, Feng Z, Grönberg H, Stanford JL. Genetic variants in the LEPR, CRY1, RNASEL, IL4, and ARVCF genes are prognostic markers of prostate cancer-specific mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1928-36. [PMID: 21846818 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men, accounting for more than 30,000 deaths annually. The purpose of this study was to test whether variation in selected candidate genes in biological pathways of interest for prostate cancer progression could help distinguish patients at higher risk for fatal prostate cancer. METHODS In this hypothesis-driven study, we genotyped 937 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 156 candidate genes in a population-based cohort of 1,309 prostate cancer patients. We identified 22 top-ranking SNPs (P ≤ 0.01, FDR ≤ 0.70) associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM). A subsequent validation study was completed in an independent population-based cohort of 2,875 prostate cancer patients. RESULTS Five SNPs were validated (P ≤ 0.05) as being significantly associated with PCSM, one each in the LEPR, CRY1, RNASEL, IL4, and ARVCF genes. Compared with patients with 0 to 2 of the at-risk genotypes those with 4 to 5 at-risk genotypes had a 50% (95% CI, 1.2-1.9) higher risk of PCSM and risk increased with the number of at-risk genotypes carried (P(trend) = 0.001), adjusting for clinicopathologic factors known to influence prognosis. CONCLUSION Five genetic markers were validated to be associated with lethal prostate cancer. IMPACT This is the first population-based study to show that germline genetic variants provide prognostic information for prostate cancer-specific survival. The clinical utility of this five-SNP panel to stratify patients at higher risk for adverse outcomes should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- M Froehner
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Pal SK, Twardowski P, Sartor O. Critical appraisal of cabazitaxel in the management of advanced prostate cancer. Clin Interv Aging 2010; 5:395-402. [PMID: 21152241 PMCID: PMC2998247 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel remains a cornerstone of therapy for the patient with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the landscape of CRPC therapy is changing rapidly - recently, data from the phase III TROPIC study revealed a survival advantage with the novel taxane cabazitaxel/prednisone (compared with mitoxantrone/prednisone) in a cohort of 755 men with docetaxel-refractory metastatic CRPC. Interestingly, cabazitaxel bears substantial structural similiarity to docetaxel but appears to be mechanistically distinct. In preclinical studies, the agent has antitumor activity in a variety of docetaxel-refractory in vitro and in vivo models. Subsequent to phase I testing in advanced solid tumors (where neutropenia was identified as a dose-limiting toxicity), the agent was assessed in a phase II trial in advanced, taxane-refractory breast cancer and in the aforementioned phase III TROPIC study. This review describes in detail the preclinical and clinical development of cabazitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Pal
- Division of Genitourinary Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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