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Arias‐Chávez DJ, Mailloux‐Salinas P, Ledesma Aparicio J, Campos‐Pérez E, Medina‐Campos ON, Pedraza‐Chaverri J, Bravo G. Selenium in combination with a tomato lipid extract as a therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia and its alterations in rats with induced BPH. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3147-3156. [PMID: 37726932 PMCID: PMC10568668 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common adenoma in old men. Tomatoes are a rich source of bioactive compounds that, as well as selenium (Se), possess antioxidant and antiproliferative activity. The aim was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Se in combination with a tomato extract in aged rats with BPH. Aged male Wistar rats were divided in the following groups (n = 10 rats/group): Control (C), BPH, BPH + Finasteride (BPH + F), BPH + Tomato Lipidic Extract (BPH + E), BPH + Selenium (BPH + S) and BPH plus E plus S (BPH + E + S). After 4 weeks of treatment, prostate weight, diuresis, antioxidants enzymes, prooxidants and inflammatory markers, growth factors and androgens were determined. BPH + E + S reduced prostate weight by 59.29% and inhibited growth by 99.35% compared to BPH + F which only decreased weight and inhibited growth by 15.31% and 57.54%, respectively. Prooxidant markers were higher with BPH + F (49.4% higher vs. BPH), but BPH + E + S decreased these markers (94.27% vs. BPH) and increased antioxidant activity. Finally, diuresis was higher with the BPH + E + S combination and markers of inflammation and growth factors were significantly lower with respect to BPH + F. Our findings provide a beneficial and protective therapeutic option of E + S directed against androgens, oxidative stress and inflammation that regulates cell proliferation in the prostate gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian Arias‐Chávez
- Departmento de FarmacobiologíaCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Sede SurMexico CityMexico
| | - Patrick Mailloux‐Salinas
- Departmento de FarmacobiologíaCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Sede SurMexico CityMexico
| | - Jessica Ledesma Aparicio
- Departmento de FarmacobiologíaCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Sede SurMexico CityMexico
| | - Elihu Campos‐Pérez
- Departamento de Patología, ISSSTEHospital General Dra. Matilde Petra Montoya LafraguaMexico CityMexico
- Departamento de PatologíaHospital Ángeles LindavistaMexico CityMexico
| | - Omar Noel Medina‐Campos
- Laboratorio F‐315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - José Pedraza‐Chaverri
- Laboratorio F‐315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - Guadalupe Bravo
- Departmento de FarmacobiologíaCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Sede SurMexico CityMexico
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2
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Colado-Velázquez JI, Mailloux-Salinas P, Arias-Chávez DJ, Ledesma-Aparicio J, Gómez-Viquez NL, Cano-Europa E, Sarabia GN, Bravo G. Lipidic extract of whole tomato reduces hyperplasia, oxidative stress and inflammation on testosterone-induced BPH in obese rats. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:529-539. [PMID: 36464759 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tomato is an important source of lycopene, a carotenoid that has been emerging as a natural preventive agent for prostate disease. Moreover, tomato contains other components with a wide range of physiological properties, but their potential beneficial effects on prostatic hyperplasia (PH) during obesity have not been completely established. In this study, we compared the effect of a lipidic extract of tomato saladette (STE) with Serenoa repens (SR) on obese rats with PH. METHODS Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided in Control (C) and Obese (Ob) treated without (n = 12) and with (n = 36) testosterone enanthate (TE), once a week for 8 weeks to induce PH. After 4 weeks, SR and STE were administered. Biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines production were determined. RESULTS TE increased prostate weight and caused prostatic hyperplasia in C group, and these effects were exacerbated by obesity. SR and STE reverted the increase in prostate weight and hyperplasia caused by TE in C and Ob groups. Obesity increased LDL, TGs, NOx and MAD, but decreased HDLc, GSx, SOD and CAT. SR reverted the effects of obesity, but these were significantly reduced and HDLc increased with STE. Obesity and TE increased TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, but these were partially reverted by STE compared with SR. CONCLUSIONS Excess of fat tissue increases the alterations by PH. STE diminishes these alterations compared with SR, suggesting its beneficial effect to improve prostate function. Whole tomato lipid extract could serve as sole therapy or as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juventino Iii Colado-Velázquez
- Depto. Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-IPN, Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, Mexico
- Autonomous University of the West, Unidad Regional Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Patrick Mailloux-Salinas
- Depto. Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-IPN, Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, Mexico
| | - David Julian Arias-Chávez
- Depto. Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-IPN, Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, Mexico
| | - Jessica Ledesma-Aparicio
- Depto. Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-IPN, Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, Mexico
| | - Norma Leticia Gómez-Viquez
- Depto. Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-IPN, Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, Mexico
| | - Edgard Cano-Europa
- Lab. de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología "Dr. Mauricio Russek Berman", Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Mexico
| | | | - Guadalupe Bravo
- Depto. Farmacobiología, Cinvestav-IPN, Calz. de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, Mexico.
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3
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Liu M, Yin H, Wang F, Tian Y. The Therapeutic Potential of Saw Palmetto Extract in Urological Disorders. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211059635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saw palmetto extract (SPE) has been widely used as a therapeutic remedy for urinary dysfunction in western countries. Furthermore, as an herb drug, it can be used as an alternative therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) due to its safety and minimum adverse effects. Reportedly, SPE improves the urinary symptoms, which mainly depend on anti-androgenic effects and effects on autonomic receptors in the lower urinary tract. However, the mechanisms of action responsible for the therapeutic roles of SPE have not been fully elucidated. Relevant studies indicate that SPE has some positive effects on the treatment of urological diseases in animals, and clinical trials are ongoing. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological properties and discuss the possible therapeutic mechanisms of SPE in urological diseases, including anti-androgenic effects, effects on autonomic receptors in the lower urinary tract, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, and highlight a potential therapeutic approach in the clinical treatment of patients with BPH, prostate cancer, chronic prostatitis (CP) and erectile dysfunction (ED).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huirong Yin
- Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Hebei Reproductive Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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4
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Song X, Luo Y, Ma L, Hu X, Simal-Gandara J, Wang LS, Bajpai VK, Xiao J, Chen F. Recent trends and advances in the epidemiology, synergism, and delivery system of lycopene as an anti-cancer agent. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 73:331-346. [PMID: 33794344 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xunyu Song
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinghua Luo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingjun Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Li-Shu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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5
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Alexandrov VA, Tochilnikov GV, Zhilinskaya NT, Gubareva EA, Romanov VA, Ermakova ED, Dorofeeva AA, Zmitrichenko YG, Tumanyan IA, Semenov AL. Therapeutic effect of iodised serum milk protein, lycopene and their combination on benign prostatic hyperplasia induced in rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14173. [PMID: 34185339 DOI: 10.1111/and.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic disease in ageing men. Synthetic inhibitors of 5α-reductase commonly used in BPH treatment have limited effectiveness and may cause side effects. Evaluation of iodised serum milk protein and lycopene therapeutic effect in rat BPH model was the aim of the present study. BPH was induced in male Wistar rats by surgical castration and subsequent testosterone administrations (25 mg/kg, 7 injections). Rats with induced BPH received lycopene (5 mg/kg), iodised serum milk protein (200 µg/kg) or their combination for 1 month daily. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated by the prostate weight, prostatic index and ventral lobe epithelium thickness. In lycopene and iodised serum milk protein-treated rats, prostate weight and prostatic index were significantly reduced compared to control group; and lycopene and iodised serum milk protein used in combination yielded an additive effect. Thus, further investigation of combined supplementation with micronutrients and plant-derived substances in BPH models may help to find new opportunities or its safe and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerij A Alexandrov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Nadezhda T Zhilinskaya
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Gubareva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Romanov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena D Ermakova
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Dorofeeva
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuliya G Zmitrichenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina A Tumanyan
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,International Research Centre 'Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium', ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander L Semenov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
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6
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Dulińska-Litewka J, Sharoni Y, Hałubiec P, Łazarczyk A, Szafrański O, McCubrey JA, Gąsiorkiewicz B, Laidler P, Bohn T. Recent Progress in Discovering the Role of Carotenoids and Their Metabolites in Prostatic Physiology and Pathology with a Focus on Prostate Cancer-A Review-Part I: Molecular Mechanisms of Carotenoid Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040585. [PMID: 33920256 PMCID: PMC8069951 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the vast variety of plant-derived phytochemicals, the group of carotenoids has continuously been investigated in order to optimize their potential application in the area of dietary intervention and medicine. One organ which has been especially targeted in many of these studies and clinical trials is the human prostate. Without doubt, carotenoids (and their endogenous derivatives—retinoids and other apo-carotenoids) are involved in intra- and intercellular signaling, cell growth and differentiation of prostate tissue. Due to the accumulation of new data on the role of different carotenoids such as lycopene (LC) and β-carotene (BC) in prostatic physiology and pathology, the present review aims to cover the past ten years of research in this area. Data from experimental studies are presented in the first part of the review, while epidemiological studies are disclosed and discussed in the second part. The objective of this compilation is to emphasize the present state of knowledge regarding the most potent molecular targets of carotenoids and their main metabolites, as well as to propose promising carotenoid agents for the prevention and treatment of prostatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dulińska-Litewka
- Medical Biochemistry Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-034 Cracow, Poland; (P.H.); (A.Ł.); (O.S.); (B.G.); (P.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-422-3272
| | - Yoav Sharoni
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653 Beer Sheva, Israel;
| | - Przemysław Hałubiec
- Medical Biochemistry Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-034 Cracow, Poland; (P.H.); (A.Ł.); (O.S.); (B.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Agnieszka Łazarczyk
- Medical Biochemistry Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-034 Cracow, Poland; (P.H.); (A.Ł.); (O.S.); (B.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Oskar Szafrański
- Medical Biochemistry Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-034 Cracow, Poland; (P.H.); (A.Ł.); (O.S.); (B.G.); (P.L.)
| | - James A. McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody Medical Sciences Building, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Bartosz Gąsiorkiewicz
- Medical Biochemistry Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-034 Cracow, Poland; (P.H.); (A.Ł.); (O.S.); (B.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Medical Biochemistry Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-034 Cracow, Poland; (P.H.); (A.Ł.); (O.S.); (B.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-23 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
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7
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Salehi B, Butnariu M, Corneanu M, Sarac I, Vlaisavljevic S, Kitic D, Rahavian A, Abedi A, Karkan MF, Bhatt ID, Jantwal A, Sharifi-Rad J, Rodrigues CF, Martorell M, Martins N. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome: Highlighting medicinal plants toward biomolecules discovery for upcoming drugs formulation. Phytother Res 2019; 34:769-787. [PMID: 31799719 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) can be triggered by a various types of gynecological, gastrointestinal, urological, and musculoskeletal disorders. Recently, the role of the central nervous system has proven to be an integral part on the development of any chronic pain syndrome, including CPPS. However, owing to the complex and heterogeneous etiology and pathophysiology of CPPS, the establishment of effective therapeutic interventions remains challenging for both physicians and patients. Nonetheless, recent studies have pointed that medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites can be effectively used in CPPS therapy, besides contributing to restore the patients' quality of life and potentiate the conventional CPPS management. In this sense, this review aims to provide a careful overview on the biomedical data for the use of medicinal plants use and their secondary metabolites on CPPS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Corneanu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Sanja Vlaisavljevic
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dusanka Kitic
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, University of Niš, Bul. Zorana Djindjica 81, Serbia
| | - Amirhossein Rahavian
- Department of Urology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Abedi
- Department of Urology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza F Karkan
- Department of Urology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Indra D Bhatt
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi Katarmal, Almora, India
| | - Arvind Jantwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Célia F Rodrigues
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Portugal
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Morgia G, Vespasiani G, Pareo RM, Voce S, Madonia M, Carini M, Ingrassia A, Terrone C, Gentile M, Carrino M, Giannantoni A, Blefari F, Arnone S, Santelli G, Russo GI. Serenoa repens + selenium + lycopene vs tadalafil 5 mg for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic obstruction: a Phase IV, non-inferiority, open-label, clinical study (SPRITE study). BJU Int 2018; 122:317-325. [PMID: 29569389 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare in a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority clinical study, the efficacy and tolerability of Serenoa repens (SeR) + selenium (Se) + lycopene (Ly) (SeR-Se-Ly) therapy vs tadalafil 5 mg in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). PATIENTS AND METHODS From May 2015 to January 2017, 427 patients were enrolled in 21 different centres (International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register [ISRCTN] 73316039). Inclusion criteria included: age between 50 and 80 years, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥12, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax ) ≤ 15 mL/s, and post-void residual (PVR) <100 mL. Patients were randomised into two groups in a 2:1 ratio: Group A (SeR-Se-Ly, 1 tablet daily for 6 months) and Group B (tadalafil 5 mg, 1 tablet daily for 6 months). The primary endpoint of the study was the non-inferior variation in the IPSS and Qmax in Group A vs Group B after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS In all, 404 patients completed the full protocol. When comparing both therapies, Group A was statistically not inferior to Group B considering the median change in IPSS (-3.0 vs -3.0; P < 0.01), IPSS quality of life (-2.0 vs -2.0; P < 0.05), and Qmax (2.0 vs 2.0 mL/s; P < 0.01). We found statistically significant differences in the increase of at least 3 points in Qmax (38.2% vs 28.1%; P = 0.04) and of at least 30% of Qmax (39.2% vs 27.3%; P < 0.01) in Group A compared to Group B. The percentage of patients with an increase of at least 3 points in the IPSS and a decrease of at least 25% of the IPSS was not statistically different between the two groups. For adverse events, four patients in Group A (1.44%) and 10 in Group B (7.81%) (P < 0.05) reported side-effects. CONCLUSION We have shown that treatment with SeR-Se-Ly was not inferior to tadalafil 5 mg for improving IPSS and Qmax in men with LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Morgia
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Massimo Madonia
- Urologic Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Terrone
- Department of Urology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Giorgio I Russo
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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9
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Arena S, Iacona R, Antonuccio P, Russo T, Salvo V, Gitto E, Impellizzeri P, Romeo C. Medical perspective in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2115-2122. [PMID: 28565817 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion or torsion of the spermatic cord is one of the most serious urological conditions. It causes testicular injury, which potentially leads to male subfertility. The turning of the spermatic cord and spermatic structures around themselves results in biochemical and histological changes; however, following testicular detorsion, tissues undergo reperfusion that causes more severe damage than that induced by ischemia. Since the primary causes of testicular damage are reactive oxygen species production, an increase in intra-mitochondrial calcium concentration and an increased rate of cellular apoptosis, different medications may potentially be effective. It seems that several medications, experimentally and sometimes clinically, serve an adjuvant role in the cellular damage that occurs following ischemia-reperfusion. Antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, phytotherapeutical medicinals, anaesthetics, hormones and platelet inhibitors may potentially create a solid basis for an adjuvant restoring therapy and ameliorate testicular function following torsion. The current study aimed to review the relevant literature and discuss the actions of a number of molecules that may protect the testes during ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Arena
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Iacona
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Russo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salvo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Eloisa Gitto
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Impellizzeri
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Romeo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
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10
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Survivin and NAIP in Human Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Protective Role of the Association of Serenoa repens, Lycopene and Selenium from the Randomized Clinical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030680. [PMID: 28327526 PMCID: PMC5372690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment includes the apoptosis machinery modulation through the direct inhibition of caspase cascade. We previously demonstrated that Serenoa repens (Ser) with lycopene (Ly) and selenium (Se) reawakened apoptosis by reducing survivin and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) levels in rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Ser-Se-Ly association on survivin and NAIP expression in BPH patients. Ninety patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to clinical BPH were included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive placebo (Group BPH + placebo, n = 45) or Ser-Se-Ly association (Group BPH + Ser-Se-Ly; n = 45) for 3 months. At time 0, all patients underwent prostatic biopsies. After 3 months of treatment, they underwent prostatic re-biopsy and specimens were collected for molecular, morphological, and immunohistochemical analysis. After 3 months, survivin and NAIP were significantly decreased, while caspase-3 was significantly increased in BPH patients treated with Ser-Se-Ly when compared with the other group. In BPH patients treated with Ser-Se-Ly for 3 months, the glandular epithelium was formed by a single layer of cuboidal cells. PSA showed high immunoexpression in all BPH patients and a focal positivity in Ser-Se-Ly treated patients after 3 months. Evident prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) immunoexpression was shown in all BPH patients, while no positivity was present after Ser-Se-Ly administration. Ser-Se-Ly proved to be effective in promoting apoptosis in BPH patients.
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Arena S. Letter to the editorResponse to: Russo A, Capogrosso P, La Croce G, et al. Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene to manage lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2016 Jun;1:1-10. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016; 15:1449. [PMID: 27558894 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2016.1228556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Arena
- a Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi' , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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Minutoli L, Rinaldi M, Marini H, Irrera N, Crea G, Lorenzini C, Puzzolo D, Valenti A, Pisani A, Adamo EB, Altavilla D, Squadrito F, Micali A. Apoptotic Pathways Linked to Endocrine System as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081311. [PMID: 27529214 PMCID: PMC5000708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a chronic condition common in older men that can result in bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms. The molecular mechanisms and networks underlying the development and the progression of the disease are still far from being fully understood. BPH results from smooth muscle cell and epithelial cell proliferation, primarily within the transition zone of the prostate. Apoptosis and inflammation play important roles in the control of cell growth and in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Disturbances in molecular mechanisms of apoptosis machinery have been linked to BPH. Increased levels of the glycoprotein Dickkopf-related protein 3 in BPH cause an inhibition of the apoptosis machinery through a reduction in B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 associated X protein (Bax) expression. Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins influence cell death by direct inhibition of caspases and modulation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. Current pharmacotherapy targets either the static component of BPH, including finasteride and dutasteride, or the dynamic component of BPH, including α-adrenoceptor antagonists such as tamsulosin and alfuzosin. Both these classes of drugs significantly interfere with the apoptosis machinery. Furthermore, phytotherapic supplements and new drugs may also modulate several molecular steps of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Mariagrazia Rinaldi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Herbert Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Crea
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Cesare Lorenzini
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Andrea Valenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonina Pisani
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Elena B Adamo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "G. Martino", 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
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Russo A, Capogrosso P, La Croce G, Ventimiglia E, Boeri L, Briganti A, Damiano R, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene to manage lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016; 15:1661-1670. [PMID: 27232207 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2016.1190830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease affecting most of the elderly male. α1-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are currently used to target lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Moreover phytotherapeutic agents, including Serenoa Repens (SeR), have shown to have a role in ameliorating BPH/LUTS alone or in combination of other elements like Selenium (Se) and Lycopene (Ly). Areas covered: A literature review was performed using data from articles assessing the role of of SeR+Se+Ly in the management of LUTS secondary to BPH. Diverging evidence on SeR's efficacy is available. On one hand several studies have shown SeR efficacy in treating BPH/LUTS. SeR is effective in reducing prostate size, urinary frequency, dysuria, nocturia and in improving maximum urine flow-rate. On the other hand two long-term trials reported that SeR did not improve prostate size or urinary flow. SeR+Se+Ly in combination with tamsulosin is more effective than single therapies in improving IPSS and increasing maximal urinary flow-rate in patients affected by LUTS/BPH. Expert opinion: Despite great amount of preclinical and clinical studies, the use of SeR in BPH/LUTS is not sustained by clear evidence for a therapeutic efficacy but current data hint higher efficacy of of SeR+Se+Ly compared to SeR alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Russo
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Giovanni La Croce
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Eugenio Ventimiglia
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Luca Boeri
- b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,c Research Doctorate Program in Urology , Magna Graecia University , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Rocco Damiano
- c Research Doctorate Program in Urology , Magna Graecia University , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- a Department of Urology , Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy.,b Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute , Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
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III Colado-Velázquez J, Mailloux-Salinas P, Medina-Contreras JML, Cruz-Robles D, Bravo G. Effect ofSerenoa Repenson Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory and Growth Factors in Obese Wistar Rats with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1525-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juventino III Colado-Velázquez
- Departamento Farmacobiología; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Patrick Mailloux-Salinas
- Departamento Farmacobiología; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Mexico City Mexico
| | - JML Medina-Contreras
- Departamento Farmacobiología; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Mexico City Mexico
| | - David Cruz-Robles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Bravo
- Departamento Farmacobiología; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional; Mexico City Mexico
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Morgia G, Russo GI, Voce S, Palmieri F, Gentile M, Giannantoni A, Blefari F, Carini M, Minervini A, Ginepri A, Salvia G, Vespasiani G, Santelli G, Cimino S, Allegro R, Collura Z, Fragalà E, Arnone S, Pareo RM. Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium versus tamsulosin for the treatment of LUTS/BPH. An Italian multicenter double-blinded randomized study between single or combination therapy (PROCOMB trial). Prostate 2014; 74:1471-80. [PMID: 25154739 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytotherapy has been used to treat patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy between Serenoa Repens (SeR), Lycopene (Ly), and Selenium (Se) + tamsulosin versus single therapies. METHODS PROCOMB trial (ISRCTN78639965) was a randomized double-blinded, double-dummy multicenter study of 225 patients between 55 and 80 years old, PSA ≤ 4 ng/ml, IPSS ≥12, prostate volume ≤60 cc, Qmax ≤15 ml/sec, postvoid residual urine (PVR) <150 ml. Participants were randomized group A (SeR-Se-Ly), group B (tamsulosin 0.4 mg), group C (SeR-Se-Ly + tamsulosin 0.4 mg). The primary endpoints of the study were the reduction of IPSS, PVR, and increase of Qmax in group C versus monotherapy groups. RESULTS The decrease for combination therapy was significantly greater versus group A (P < 0.05) and group B (P < 0.01) for IPSS and versus group A (P < 0.01) for PVR from baseline to 6 months. A greater decrease in IPSS was observed for Group C versus group A (P < 0.01) and increase in Qmax versus group B (P < 0.01), from 6 months to 12 months. At one year, the changes of IPSS and Qmax were greater for Group C versus monotherapies (each comparison <0.05). The proportions of men with a decrease of at least three points (each comparison P < 0.05) and decrease of 25% for IPSS (each comparison P < 0.01) were greater for Group C. CONCLUSION SeR-Se-Ly + tamsulosin therapy is more effective than single therapies in improving IPSS and increasing Qmax in patients with LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Morgia
- Department of Urology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Merkle W. Prostatakarzinomprophylaxe durch Nahrungsergänzungsmittel. Urologe A 2014; 53:1610-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00120-014-3614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pagano E, Laudato M, Griffo M, Capasso R. Phytotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A minireview. Phytother Res 2014; 28:949-55. [PMID: 25165780 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition affecting older men, with an incidence that is age-dependent. Histological BPH, which typically develops after the age of 40 years, ranges in prevalence from >50% at 60 years to as high as 90% by 85 years of age. Typical symptoms include increased frequency of urination, nocturia, urgency, hesitancy, and weak urine stream. Conventional medicines used for the treatment of BPH include alpha blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors. This articles review the mode of action, the efficacy, and the safety, including herb-drug interactions of the most common botanicals (Serenoa repens, Pygeum africanum, Urtica dioica, and Cucurbita pepo) and nutraceuticals (isoflavones, lycopene, selenium, and β-Sitosterol) in controlling the lower urinary tract symptoms associated to BPH.
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Minutoli L, Altavilla D, Marini H, Rinaldi M, Irrera N, Pizzino G, Bitto A, Arena S, Cimino S, Squadrito F, Russo GI, Morgia G. Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins in experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia: effects of serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:19. [PMID: 24606563 PMCID: PMC3995880 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The apoptosis machinery is a promising target against benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) modulate apoptosis by direct inhibition of caspases. Serenoa Repens (SeR) may be combined with other natural compounds such as Lycopene (Ly) and Selenium (Se) to maximize its therapeutic activity in BPH. We investigated the effects of SeR, Se and Ly, alone or in association, on the expression of four IAPs, cIAP-1, cIAP-2, NAIP and survivin in rats with experimental testosterone-dependent BPH. Moreover, caspase-3, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have been evaluated.Rats were administered, daily, with testosterone propionate (3 mg/kg/sc) or its vehicle for 14 days. Testosterone injected animals (BPH) were randomized to receive vehicle, SeR (25 mg/kg/sc), Se (3 mg/kg/sc), Ly (1 mg/kg/sc) or the SeR-Se-Ly association for 14 days. Animals were sacrificed and prostate removed for analysis. RESULTS BPH animals treated with vehicle showed unchanged expression of cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 and increased expression of NAIP, survivin, caspase-3, IL-6 and PSMA levels when compared with sham animals. Immunofluorescence studies confirmed the enhanced expression of NAIP and survivin with a characteristic pattern of cellular localization. SeR-Se-Ly association showed the highest efficacy in reawakening apoptosis; additionally, this therapeutic cocktail significantly reduced IL-6 and PSMA levels. The administration of SeR, Se and Ly significantly blunted prostate overweight and growth; moreover, the SeR-Se-Ly association was most effective in reducing prostate enlargement and growth by 43.3% in treated animals. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that IAPs may represent interesting targets for drug therapy of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Paediatric, Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Herbert Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Rinaldi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pizzino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Salvatore Arena
- Department of Paediatric, Gynaecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cimino
- Department of Urology, Polyclinic Hospital, University of Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Department of Urology, Polyclinic Hospital, University of Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Morgia
- Department of Urology, Polyclinic Hospital, University of Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
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Bisson JF, Hidalgo S, Simons R, Verbruggen M. Preventive effects of lignan extract from flax hulls on experimentally induced benign prostate hyperplasia. J Med Food 2014; 17:650-6. [PMID: 24460407 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of diet rich in lignans may decrease the risk of some chronic hormonal conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study investigated whether a lignan-rich extract from flaxseed hulls, LinumLife EXTRA (LLE), could prevent BPH using the testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH rat model. Male Wistar-Unilever rats were randomly divided into four groups of 12 rats each: a negative control group fed with control diet and receiving daily subcutaneous injections of corn oil without TP, and three groups fed with control diet (positive control), diet containing 0.5% LLE (LLE 0.5) or 1.0% LLE (LLE 1.0) and receiving daily subcutaneous injections of TP in corn oil. Treatments with diets started 2 weeks before the induction of BPH and were carried out for 5 consecutive weeks. The influence of TP and LLE on body weight (BW), food and water consumptions, and enterolactone (ENL) levels in serum and urine of rats was examined at the end of the 5-week treatment period. TP significantly diminished the mean body weight gain (MBWG) of positive control rats and their food and water consumptions while LLE reduced significantly this MBWG reduction in a dose-dependent manner. The lignan-rich extract significantly inhibited TP-induced prostate size ratio (prostate weight/rat BW) increase in comparison with positive controls (P<.001). This effect was dose dependent. Higher serum and urine levels of ENL correlated well with the dose of extract provided to rats. It was concluded that the lignan-rich flaxseed hull extract prevented the TP-induced BPH indicating it might be beneficial in the prevention of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bisson
- 1 ETAP-Applied Ethology, Research Centre in Pharmacology , Cancerology & Human Pathologies, Toxicology and Nutrition-Health, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Trejo-Solís C, Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Torres-Ramos M, Jiménez-Farfán D, Cruz Salgado A, Serrano-García N, Osorio-Rico L, Sotelo J. Multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of lycopene in cancer inhibition. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:705121. [PMID: 23970935 PMCID: PMC3736525 DOI: 10.1155/2013/705121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in regular dietary intake might prevent and reverse cellular carcinogenesis, reducing the incidence of primary tumours. Bioactive components present in food can simultaneously modulate more than one carcinogenic process, including cancer metabolism, hormonal balance, transcriptional activity, cell-cycle control, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Some studies have shown an inverse correlation between a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and carotenoids and a low incidence of different types of cancer. Lycopene, the predominant carotenoid found in tomatoes, exhibits a high antioxidant capacity and has been shown to prevent cancer, as evidenced by clinical trials and studies in cell culture and animal models. In vitro studies have shown that lycopene treatment can selectively arrest cell growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. In vivo studies have revealed that lycopene treatment inhibits tumour growth in the liver, lung, prostate, breast, and colon. Clinical studies have shown that lycopene protects against prostate cancer. One of the main challenges in cancer prevention is the integration of new molecular findings into clinical practice. Thus, the identification of molecular biomarkers associated with lycopene levels is essential for improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying its antineoplastic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solís
- Departamentos de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Jose Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Neurobiología Molecular y Celular INNN-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Mónica Torres-Ramos
- Unidad Periferica de NeuroCiencias INNN-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Dolores Jiménez-Farfán
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Arturo Cruz Salgado
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Norma Serrano-García
- Neurobiología Molecular y Celular INNN-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C.P. 04510, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Laura Osorio-Rico
- Neuroquimica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
| | - Julio Sotelo
- Departamentos de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN), C.P. 14269, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
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D. Lephart E. Severe & Moderate BPH Symptoms in Mid-Aged Men Improve with Isoflavonoid-Equol Treatment: Pilot Intervention Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/oju.2013.31004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Urol 2012. [PMID: 23202289 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0b013e32835bb149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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[The association of Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium is superior to Serenoa repens alone in reducing benign prostatic hyperplasia]. Urologia 2011; 78:297-9. [PMID: 21786236 DOI: 10.5301/ru.2011.8520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Serenoa repens (SeR) is frequently associated with other natural compounds, such as lycopene (Ly), a carotenoid, and selenium (Se), an essential trace element, to increase its therapeutic activity in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The LY-Se-SeR association has a greater and stronger anti-inflammatory activity than SeR alone. In addition, the LY-Se-SeR combination is more effective than SeR alone in reducing prostate weight and hyperplasia, augmenting apoptosis, and reducing cell proliferation and growth factor expression. This experimental evidence suggests that Ly-Se-SeR association is superior to SeR alone in reducing benign prostate growth.
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