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Segura A, Muriel J, Miró P, Agulló L, Arrarte V, Carracedo P, Zandonai T, Peiró AM. Erectile dysfunction in cardiovascular patients: A prospective study of the eNOS gene T-786C, G894T, and INTRON variable number of the tandem repeat functional interaction. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 38946584 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease induces erectile dysfunction modulated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase enzyme and an impaired ejection fraction that restricts penis vascular congestion. However, the mechanisms regulating endothelial dysfunction are not understood. OBJECTIVES Exploring the functional impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphisms on erectile dysfunction and drug therapy optimization in high-risk cardiovascular disease patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with erectile dysfunction symptoms and candidates for andrology therapy were included (n = 112). Clinical data and endothelial nitric oxide synthase rs1799983 (G894T) and rs2070744 (T-786C), genotyped by fluorescence polarization assays, were registered. The 27-bp variable number of the tandem repeat polymorphism in intron 4 (intron4b/a) was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Association analyses were run with the R-3.2.0 software. RESULTS A significant association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase 786-TT (p = 0.005) and the aa/ac of intron 4 variable number of the tandem repeat (p = 0.02) with higher erectile dysfunction susceptibility was observed in cardiovascular disease patients (60 ± 9 years, 66% severe erectile dysfunction, 56% ejection fraction). After 3-months of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, erectile dysfunction (International Index of Erectile Function, 50 ± 16 scores, the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function 21 ± 10 scores, p < 0.001) and sexual quality of life (modified Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire 55 ± 23 scores, p < 0.001) had significantly improved. The cardiovascular ejection fraction was influenced positively with better sexual quality of life (0.1941), and also in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase G894-T allele (p = 0.076) carriers, which could merit future analyses. Erectile dysfunction was present as the primary clinical manifestation in 62% of cases, with cardiovascular disease occurring concurrently. Only former smokers and obese subjects debuted prior to cardiovascular disease than to erectile dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides comprehensive insights into the functional interaction linking endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms, erectile function, and ejection fraction in high-risk cardiovascular disease patients. Future therapeutic strategies could target endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity by including lifestyle changes and epigenetic modulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Segura
- Urology Department, Andrology Unit, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Muriel
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Pharmacogenetic Unit, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Pau Miró
- Department of Applied Statistics and Operational Research, and Quality, Universitat Politecnica de València, Campus of Alcoi Plaza Ferrandiz y Carbonell s/n, Alcoy, Spain
| | - Laura Agulló
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Pharmacogenetic Unit, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Vicente Arrarte
- Cardiology Department, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain
| | - Patricia Carracedo
- Department of Statistics and Applied Operational Research and Quality, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Thomas Zandonai
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Pharmacogenetic Unit, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Socialization Processes, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ana M Peiró
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Pharmacogenetic Unit, Dr. Balmis General University Hospital, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Chemical Safety Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, Elche, Spain
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Wang G, Shen D, Zhang X, Ferrini MG, Li Y, Liao H. Comparison of critical biomarkers in 2 erectile dysfunction models based on GEO and NOS-cGMP-PDE5 pathway. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27508. [PMID: 34731136 PMCID: PMC8519209 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erectile dysfunction is a disease commonly caused by diabetes mellitus (DMED) and cavernous nerve injury (CNIED). Bioinformatics analyses including differentially expressed genes (DEGs), enriched functions and pathways (EFPs), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were carried out in DMED and CNIED rats in this study. The critical biomarkers that may intervene in nitric oxide synthase (NOS, predominantly nNOS, ancillary eNOS, and iNOS)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-phosphodiesterase 5 enzyme (PDE5) pathway, an important mechanism in erectile dysfunction treatment, were then explored for potential clinical applications. METHODS GSE2457 and GSE31247 were downloaded. Their DEGs with a |logFC (fold change)| > 0 were screened out. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) online database was used to analyze the EFPs in Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes networks based on down-regulated and up-regulated DEGs respectively. PPI analysis of 2 datasets was performed in Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) and Cytoscape. Interactions with an average score greater than 0.9 were chosen as the cutoff for statistical significance. RESULTS From a total of 1710 DEGs in GSE2457, 772 were down-regulated and 938 were up-regulated, in contrast to the 836 DEGs in GSE31247, from which 508 were down-regulated and 328 were up-regulated. The 25 common EFPs such as aging and response to hormone were identified in both models. PPI results showed that the first 10 hub genes in DMED were all different from those in CNIED. CONCLUSIONS The intervention of iNOS with the hub gene complement component 3 in DMED and the aging process in both DMED and CNIED deserves attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dayue Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xilan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Monica G. Ferrini
- Department of Health and Life Sciences & Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yuanping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Dauti Isiklar A, Ocak Serin S. FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION. SANAMED 2021. [DOI: 10.24125/sanamed.v16i2.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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4
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Genetics and erectile dysfunction: leveraging early foundations for new discoveries. Int J Impot Res 2020; 34:252-259. [PMID: 33173200 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-020-00372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in understanding the genetics of erectile dysfunction (ED). Since early twin studies that suggested a genetic component to ED, multiple candidate gene studies have identified genetic variants that may be associated with ED. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have overcome some of the criticism of the candidate gene approach. Two recent GWAS studies have identified loci near SIM1 that may be associated with ED and have renewed interest in the leptin melanocortin signaling pathway. We review the current literature on the genetic basis of ED by highlighting several candidate genes and genetic variants associated with ED.
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Zojaji R, Kerachi M, Imani MM, Zojaji SH, Shomeiri S. Increased Rate of Sexual Dysfunction by Increased Severity of Nasal Obstruction in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2020; 130:706-711. [PMID: 33111542 DOI: 10.1177/0003489420967698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic respiratory disorder. This study aimed to investigate the relation between nasal obstruction and sexual dysfunction in men with CRS. METHODS In this case-control study, 100 married men aged 19 to 48 years with CRS and 56 healthy married men were selected, consecutively. For assessment of nasal obstruction severity NOSE scale (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation) was used and IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) inventory was used to assess sexual function. RESULTS Mean age of patients with CRS and controls was 33.25 ± 6.5 and 30.58 ± 7.12 years, respectively. Nasal obstruction was moderate in 70% of patients and 95% of patients had some degrees of erectile dysfunction. A significant association was found between nasal obstruction severity and sexual function and by increasing severity of nasal obstruction, sexual function decreased significantly in CRS patients. Sexual function in total (IIEF score) and in its domains, except for sexual desire, were significantly higher in control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION There is significant inverse association between severity of nasal obstruction and sexual function. Sexual function decreases with increasing severity of nasal obstruction in CRS. CRS patients also have lower sexual function scores than healthy control males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Zojaji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran.,ENT Department, St. Joseph Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahnaz Kerachi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh H Zojaji
- Science Department, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Soheil Shomeiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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A Review of Genome Wide Association Studies for Erectile Dysfunction. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-019-00231-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Erectile dysfunction is a common condition of men in middle and older ages. Twin studies suggest that about one-third of the risk is due to genetic factors, independent of other known erectile dysfunction risk factors. However, studies that have searched for specific genetic contributors have been limited due to small sample sizes, candidate gene approaches, and weak phenotyping. As a result, there are no confirmed genetic risk factors for erectile dysfunction. This study finds a specific genetic cause for erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction affects millions of men worldwide. Twin studies support the role of genetic risk factors underlying erectile dysfunction, but no specific genetic variants have been identified. We conducted a large-scale genome-wide association study of erectile dysfunction in 36,649 men in the multiethnic Kaiser Permanente Northern California Genetic Epidemiology Research in Adult Health and Aging cohort. We also undertook replication analyses in 222,358 men from the UK Biobank. In the discovery cohort, we identified a single locus (rs17185536-T) on chromosome 6 near the single-minded family basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1 (SIM1) gene that was significantly associated with the risk of erectile dysfunction (odds ratio = 1.26, P = 3.4 × 10−25). The association replicated in the UK Biobank sample (odds ratio = 1.25, P = 6.8 × 10−14), and the effect is independent of known erectile dysfunction risk factors, including body mass index (BMI). The risk locus resides on the same topologically associating domain as SIM1 and interacts with the SIM1 promoter, and the rs17185536-T risk allele showed differential enhancer activity. SIM1 is part of the leptin–melanocortin system, which has an established role in body weight homeostasis and sexual function. Because the variants associated with erectile dysfunction are not associated with differences in BMI, our findings suggest a mechanism that is specific to sexual function.
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Ben Khedher MR, Abid M, Jamoussi K, Hammami M. Comprehensive insight into functional interaction between GNB3 C825T and eNOS T-786C, G894T gene polymorphisms and association with susceptibility to diabetic erectile dysfunction. Andrology 2018; 6:865-873. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Ben Khedher
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Functional Food and Vascular Health; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Monastir; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
| | - M. Abid
- Unit of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome; Department of Endocrinology; University Hospital Hedi Chaker; Sfax Tunisia
| | - K. Jamoussi
- Biochemistry Laboratory; University Hospital Hedi Chaker; Sfax Tunisia
| | - M. Hammami
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Functional Food and Vascular Health; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine of Monastir; University of Monastir; Monastir Tunisia
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Gao L, Zhao Z, Guo F, Liu Y, Guo J, Zhao Y, Wang Z. Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction. Asian J Androl 2018; 19:330-337. [PMID: 26908069 PMCID: PMC5427790 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.163300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our meta-analysis is to examine the associations between three single nucleotide polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, G894T, intron 4 and T-786C, and the risk of erectile dysfunction. An electronic database search was performed to identify case-control studies reporting the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of eNOS gene and erectile dysfunction. Stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were employed to select high-quality studies for this meta-analysis. Comprehensive Meta-analysis 2.0 software (Biostat Inc., Englewood, New Jersey, USA) was used for statistical analysis of the data extracted from the selected studies. From the initial 203 articles retrieved from database search, this meta-analysis finally selected 12 high-quality case-control studies that conformed to our inclusion criteria. The 12 studies contained a total of 1962 patients with erectile dysfunction and 1752 healthy controls. The results of our meta-analysis showed that G894T correlated with an increased risk erectile dysfunction under both the allele and dominant models (allele: OR = 1.556, 95% CI = 1.064–2.275, P = 0.023; dominant: OR = 1.613, 95% CI = 1.050–2.476, P = 0.029). A similar association was found between T-786C and erectile dysfunction under the allele model (OR = 1.679, 95% CI = 1.341–2.102, P < 0.001), but not under the dominant model (all P > 0.05). Our meta-analysis showed that the two single nucleotide polymorphisms in eNOS gene, G894T and T-786C, are strongly associated with the risk of erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Fengfu Guo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Centre, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
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10
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Azevedo AMM, Brites-Anselmi G, Pinheiro LC, de Almeida Belo V, Coeli-Lacchini FB, Molina CAF, de Andrade MF, Tucci S, Hirsch E, Tanus-Santos JE, Lacchini R. Relationship between asymmetric dimethylarginine, nitrite and genetic polymorphisms: Impact on erectile dysfunction therapy. Nitric Oxide 2017; 71:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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11
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Lu J, Xin Z, Zhang Q, Cui D, Xiao Y, Zhuo J, Sun F, Xia S, Shao Y. Beneficial effect of PEDF-transfected ADSCs on erectile dysfunction in a streptozotocin-diabetic rat model. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:623-637. [PMID: 27655233 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor for erectile dysfunction. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are essential for maintaining erectile function but their function is impaired during hyperglycemia. To evaluate the effects of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF)-transfected ADSCs on the restoration of erectile function ADSCs and PEDF-transfected ADSCs were exposed to normal or high glucose levels for 72 h and the effects on cell survival and protein expression were determined. For in vivo studies, rats with streptozocin-induced DM were intravenously injected with ADSCs or PEDF-transfected ADSCs. Two weeks later, the intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured to assess erectile function, and penile tissues were harvested for further evaluation. PEDF overexpression in ADSCs protected cells against hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis (as determined by a TUNEL assay), increasing the expression of neurotrophic factors and decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related proteins (as determined by western blotting and ELISA). In DM rats, transplantation with PEDF-transfected ADSCs effectively restored erectile function, as determined by the ICP/MAP ratio, compared with untreated ADSCs. PEDF overexpression also resulted in higher survival rates and decreased apoptosis of ADSCs. Promotion of neurotrophic factor expression and suppression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related proteins were also observed after transplantation of PEDF-transfected ADSCs. Thus, our results demonstrate that transplantation of ADSCs restored erectile function in a rat model of DM, attenuating the negative effects of hyperglycemia. These findings indicate the therapeutic potential of ADSCs for treating erectile dysfunction and the additional benefits of PEDF overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zhixiang Xin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yinglong Xiao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jian Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shujie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Kim DJ, Hawksworth DJ, Hurwitz LM, Cullen J, Rosner IL, Lue TF, Dean RC. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of on-Demand vs. nightly sildenafil citrate as assessed by Rigiscan and the international index of erectile function. Andrology 2015; 4:27-32. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Kim
- Department of Urology; Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; Bethesda MD USA
| | - D. J. Hawksworth
- Department of Urology; Fort Belvoir Community Hospital; Fort Belvoir VA USA
| | - L. M. Hurwitz
- Center for Prostate Cancer Disease Research; Rockville MD USA
| | - J. Cullen
- Center for Prostate Cancer Disease Research; Rockville MD USA
- Department of Surgery; Uniformed Services University; Bethesda MD USA
| | - I. L. Rosner
- Department of Urology; Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; Bethesda MD USA
- Center for Prostate Cancer Disease Research; Rockville MD USA
- Department of Surgery; Uniformed Services University; Bethesda MD USA
| | - T. F. Lue
- Department of Urology; UCSF Medical Center; San Francisco CA USA
| | - R. C. Dean
- Department of Urology; Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; Bethesda MD USA
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Lacchini R, Tanus-Santos JE. Pharmacogenetics of erectile dysfunction: navigating into uncharted waters. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:1519-38. [PMID: 25303302 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sildenafil and other PDE-5 inhibitors have revolutionized erectile dysfunction (ED) treatment. However, a significant number of patients do not respond or present adverse reactions to these drugs. While genetic polymorphisms may underlie this phenomenon, very little research has been undertaken in this research field. Most of the current knowledge is based on sildenafil, thus almost completely ignoring other important pharmacological therapies. Currently, the most promising genes with pharmacogenetic implications in ED are related to the nitric oxide and cGMP pathway, although other genes are likely to affect the responsiveness to treatment of ED. Nevertheless, the small number of studies available opens the possibility of further exploring other genes and phenotypes related to ED. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the genes being tested for their pharmacogenetic relevance in the therapy of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing & Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Abstract
Precision medicine can greatly benefit men's health by helping to prevent, diagnose, and treat prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, infertility, hypogonadism, and erectile dysfunction. For example, precision medicine can facilitate the selection of men at high risk for prostate cancer for targeted prostate-specific antigen screening and chemoprevention administration, as well as assist in identifying men who are resistant to medical therapy for prostatic hyperplasia, who may instead require surgery. Precision medicine-trained clinicians can also let couples know whether their specific cause of infertility should be bypassed by sperm extraction and in vitro fertilization to prevent abnormalities in their offspring. Though precision medicine's role in the management of hypogonadism has yet to be defined, it could be used to identify biomarkers associated with individual patients' responses to treatment so that appropriate therapy can be prescribed. Last, precision medicine can improve erectile dysfunction treatment by identifying genetic polymorphisms that regulate response to medical therapies and by aiding in the selection of patients for further cardiovascular disease screening.
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15
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The Relationship between Systemic Hypertension and Erectile Dysfunction. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-015-0043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Effects of Icariside II on corpus cavernosum and major pelvic ganglion neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23294-306. [PMID: 25517034 PMCID: PMC4284767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic erectile dysfunction is associated with penile dorsal nerve bundle neuropathy in the corpus cavernosum and the mechanism is not well understood. We investigated the neuropathy changes in the corpus cavernosum of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and the effects of Icariside II (ICA II) on improving neuropathy. Thirty-six 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly distributed into normal control group, diabetic group and ICA-II treated group. Diabetes was induced by a one-time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Three days later, the diabetic rats were randomly divided into 2 groups including a saline treated placebo group and an ICA II-treated group (5 mg/kg/day, by intragastric administration daily). Twelve weeks later, erectile function was measured by cavernous nerve electrostimulation with real time intracorporal pressure assessment. The penis was harvested for the histological examination (immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining) and transmission electron microscopy detecting. Diabetic animals exhibited a decreased density of dorsal nerve bundle in penis. The neurofilament of the dorsal nerve bundle was fragmented in the diabetic rats. There was a decreased expression of nNOS and NGF in the diabetic group. The ICA II group had higher density of dorsal nerve bundle, higher expression of NGF and nNOS in the penis. The pathological change of major pelvic nerve ganglion (including the microstructure by transmission electron microscope and the neurite outgrowth length of major pelvic nerve ganglion tissue cultured in vitro) was greatly attenuated in the ICA II-treated group (p < 0.01). ICA II treatment attenuates the diabetes-related impairment of corpus cavernosum and major pelvic ganglion neuropathy in rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes.
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