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Dhumal T, Rai P, Shah D, Murray PW, Kelly KM. Menstrual Products: Attitudes About Taxation and Safety. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2024; 33:491-498. [PMID: 38407820 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This study explored factors associated with the differences between women and men in attitudes, norms, and the support of taxation of menstrual products (MPs) and menstrual-adjacent products. It also investigated the use of these products in women. Methods: Young adults from 18 to 30 years of age were recruited via social media, listserve emails, and flyers placed throughout a university campus. Following cognitive interviewing, a survey investigated attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors associated with MPs. Results: Individuals self-identified as men or women. Women (n = 154) had more positive general attitudes, less positive safety attitudes, and less support for taxation of MPs than men (n = 43). Regression analyses indicated that factors, such as race, age, attitudes, norms, and taxation, were associated with product use. Conclusions: Attitudes about safety and taxation differ for men and women. Tax policies and attitude-shifting interventions need to be tailored to their audience, and our study can inform that effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Dhumal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Pragya Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Drishti Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Pamela W Murray
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimberly M Kelly
- Center for Innovation in Health Equity Research, Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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2
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Seshan V, Francis F, Raghavan D, Arulappan J, Hashmi IA, Prince EJ, Jaju S, Azri ZA, Alkharusi L. Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence and its Relationship With Sociodemographic and Obstetrical Variables Among Omani Women. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231173803. [PMID: 37223218 PMCID: PMC10201158 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231173803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined by the International Continence Society as any complaint of involuntary urine leakage. This research study highlights the prevalence, types, and associated factors of UI among women in Oman. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to collect data using purposive sampling technique from 400 women between 20 and 60 years; who were attending outpatient department of a referral hospital in Oman. Women were assessed using the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis to determine the type of UI. The severity and the impact of UI in women were assessed using the female urinary tract symptoms module (ICIQ-UI-SF). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence and type of UI, and the Chi-square test was used to find the association between UI and sociodemographic and obstetrical variables. Results In our study, 28.25% of the women belonged to the age of 50-59 years. The point prevalence (per 1000) of UI among Omani women who were between 20 and 60 years was 44%. In the women who had UI, the majority were having stress UI (41.6%). In the women who had UI, the severity of UI, according to the ICIQ-UI-SF scoring, 15.2% of the women had slight, 50.3% had moderate, 33.1% had severe, and only 1.3% had very intense. Conclusion Understanding the prevalence of UI in every community and associated factors is essential for the policy makers and healthcare providers to consider the early diagnosis, prevention, health promotion, and management of UI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Seshan
- Maternal and Child Health Department,
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Frincy Francis
- Maternal and Child Health Department,
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Divya Raghavan
- Maternal and Child Health Department,
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Judie Arulappan
- Maternal and Child Health Department,
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Iman Al Hashmi
- Maternal and Child Health Department,
College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Emi John Prince
- Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sanjay Jaju
- Family Medicine and Public Health
Department, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, College of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Zeyana Al Azri
- Obstetric Gynaecology OPD Department, Sultan Qaboos University
Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Lamya Alkharusi
- Department of Obstetrics &
Gynecology, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University
Hospital, Muscat, Oman
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Pulsed Magnetic Stimulation for Stress Urinary Incontinence and Its Impact on Sexuality and Health. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58121721. [PMID: 36556922 PMCID: PMC9784697 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly common that patients' preferences move towards non-surgical approaches, such as pulsed magnetic stimulation, for female stress urinary incontinence. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a device that uses electromagnetic technology to treat urinary incontinence, with an emphasis on health-related quality of life. METHODS A total of 47 female subjects from 18 to 80 years old were enrolled. After block randomization, treatment consisted of 2 pulsed planar magnetic stimulation sessions per week for 4 weeks (8 sessions). Validated questionnaires: Female Sexual Function Index, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence: Short Form, and Pelvic Floor Bothersome. Follow-ups were performed at weeks 1, 9, and 14. RESULTS The present study is one of the first clinical trials published evaluating the efficacy and safety of the electromagnetism-based device with flat configuration in patients with stress urinary incontinence, showing a reduction in PFBQ, ICQSF, and Oxford test scores during follow-up, and significantly at week 14 of follow-up, which implied a favorable impact on clinical outcomes, quality of life, and sexuality. CONCLUSIONS The improved results in the treatment group compared with the simulated group show that pulsed magnetic stimulation is a safe and attractive non-invasive alternative for patients who prefer non-surgical treatments.
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Use of Virtual Reality-Based Therapy in Patients with Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106155. [PMID: 35627692 PMCID: PMC9141315 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that over 400 million people worldwide experience some form of urinary incontinence (UI). Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is commonly used in cases of urine loss. Game therapy (GT) has been suggested as a new conservative modality for UI treatments. GT represents a form of virtual reality (VR) that allows users to interact with elements of a simulated scenario. The purpose of this review was to assess the potential of using VR-based PFMT in the treatment of UI with a particular focus on the impact of this form of therapy on the patients’ muscle function, symptoms of UI and quality of life (QoL). The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science. Systematic review methods were based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Electronic medical databases were searched from inception to 28 January 2021. From a total of 38 articles, 26 were analyzed after removing duplicates, then 22 records were excluded according to inclusion criteria and 4 were assessed as full texts. Finally, 2 randomized controlled trials (RCT) with 79 patients were included. For the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), the meta-analysis showed a significant difference in favor of the control condition (MD = 2.22; 95% CI 0.42, 4.01; I2 = 0%). Despite the popularity of the use of VR in rehabilitation, we found a scarcity of literature evaluating the application of VR in the field of UI therapy. Only one study matched all of the criteria established. The effects of VR training improved PFM function and QoL; however, these changes were comparable to those of traditional PFMT. It is not possible to reach final conclusions from one study; thus, further development of VR interventions in the field of UI treatments are needed.
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Veronese N, Smith L, Pizzol D, Soysal P, Maggi S, Ilie PC, Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M. URINARY INCONTINENCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS FROM THE ENGLISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGEING. Maturitas 2022; 160:11-15. [PMID: 35550703 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Aniulis P, Podlipskyte A, Smalinskiene A, Aniuliene R, Jievaltas M. Association of gene polymorphisms with women urinary incontinence. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1190-1197. [PMID: 34514165 PMCID: PMC8389500 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of study was set to investigate the association of women urinary incontinence (UI) with serotonin receptor HTR2A T102C and beta 3-adrenergic receptor ADRB3 Trp64Arg genes polymorphisms. The study included 110 women with Urge, Stress, and Mixed UI types and the control group – 105 continent women. Both groups have filled in the ICIQ-FLUTS questionnaire and their blood genotyping was performed. Urge UI subgroup was older and had higher body mass index (BMI) in comparison to other UI types and control group. More than half of all women had family history of UI in Stress UI and Mixed UI subgroups. The frequency of HTR2A T102C gene polymorphism’s minor allele C and genotype CC was significantly more expressed in Urge UI subgroup, as compared with control group (C-77.3 vs 58.7%, p = 0.007 and CC-57.6 vs 31.1%, p = 0.015). The ADRB3 Trp64Arg gene polymorphism did not differ between groups. The regression analysis revealed CC genotype (OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.11–8.43; p = 0.030) and allele C (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.16–5.53; p = 0.020) were risk factors for development of Urge UI. We conclude that HTR2A T102C gene polymorphism affected the development of Urge UI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Povilas Aniulis
- Urology Clinic, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus Str. 9, Kaunas LT-44307, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Podlipskyte
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Alina Smalinskiene
- Institute of Biology Systems And Genetic Research, Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-44307, Lithuania
| | - Rosita Aniuliene
- Obstetrics And Gynecology Clinic, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-44307, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Jievaltas
- Urology Clinic, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus Str. 9, Kaunas LT-44307, Lithuania
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Pizzol D, Demurtas J, Celotto S, Maggi S, Smith L, Angiolelli G, Trott M, Yang L, Veronese N. Urinary incontinence and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:25-35. [PMID: 32964401 PMCID: PMC7897623 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary incontinence (UI) and low quality of life (QoL) are two common conditions. Some recent literature proposed that these two entities can be associated. However, no attempt was made to collate this literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing data to estimate the strength of the association between UI and QoL. METHODS An electronic search of major databases up to 18th April 2020 was carried out. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional and case-control studies comparing mean values in QoL between patients with UI and controls was performed, reporting random-effects standardized mean differences (SMDs) ± 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as the effect size. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2. RESULTS Out of 8279 articles initially screened, 23 were finally included for a total of 24,983 participants, mainly women. The mean age was ≥ 50 years in 12/23 studies. UI was significantly associated with poor QoL as assessed by the short-form 36 (SF-36) total score (n = 6 studies; UI: 473 vs. 2971 controls; SMD = - 0.89; 95% CI - 1.3 to - 0.42; I2 = 93.5) and by the sub-scales of SF-36 and 5/8 of the domains included in the SF-36. Similar results were found using other QoL tools. The risk of bias of the studies included was generally high. CONCLUSIONS UI is associated with a poor QoL, with a strong level of certainty. This work, however, mainly based on cross-sectional and case-control studies, highlights the necessity of future longitudinal studies for better understanding the importance of UI on QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Primary Care Department, USL Toscana Sud Est-Grosseto, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Stefano Celotto
- Primary Care Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padua, Italy
| | - Lee Smith
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gabriele Angiolelli
- Primary Care Department, Azienda Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria 3 "Serenissima", Venice, Italy
| | - Mike Trott
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Primary Care Department, Azienda Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria 3 "Serenissima", Venice, Italy.
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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8
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Legendre G, Fritel X, Panjo H, Zins M, Ringa V. Incidence and remission of stress, urge, and mixed urinary incontinence in midlife and older women: A longitudinal cohort study. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 39:650-657. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.24237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Legendre
- CESP‐INSERM, U1018, Team 7, Genre, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Paris‐Sud University, Paris‐Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM Villejuif Cedex France
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Angers University Hospital Angers Cedex France
| | - Xavier Fritel
- CESP‐INSERM, U1018, Team 7, Genre, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Paris‐Sud University, Paris‐Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM Villejuif Cedex France
- INSERM CIC1402 Poitiers University Hospital Poitiers France
| | - Henri Panjo
- CESP‐INSERM, U1018, Team 7, Genre, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Paris‐Sud University, Paris‐Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM Villejuif Cedex France
| | - Marie Zins
- CESP‐INSERM, U1018, Research Platform “Cohorts in Population” Paris‐Sud University Paris‐Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM Villejuif Cedex France
| | - Virginie Ringa
- CESP‐INSERM, U1018, Team 7, Genre, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Paris‐Sud University, Paris‐Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM Villejuif Cedex France
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9
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Santos ICRV, dos Santos Júnior JL, da Silva TFL, Albuquerque NMS, da Silva Filho JC, Valença MP. Urinary incontinence in resident women in nursing homes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGICAL NURSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijun.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jabiael C. da Silva Filho
- Program of Post‐graduation in Nursing of the University of Pernambuco/State University of Paraíba Recife Brazil
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Griebling TL. Re: Frontal Lobe Function Correlates with One-Year Incidence of Urinary Incontinence in Elderly with Alzheimer Disease. J Urol 2018; 199:871-872. [PMID: 29642320 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Leirós-Rodríguez R, Romo-Pérez V, García-Soidán J. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relation with sedentarism in Spain. Actas Urol Esp 2017; 41:624-630. [PMID: 28587843 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence in the elderly Spanish population of both sexes and identify a possible relationship between physical activity habits and the presence of urinary incontinence in the elderly. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used data from 8146 individuals older than 60 years (age range, 60-94 years), from which data from a 15-year cohort were obtained. Of these, 4745 (58.2%) were women and 3401 (41.8%) were men. We analysed the presence of urinary incontinence, physical activity habits and the influence of other variables such as sex, age, weight and body mass index. RESULTS We detected a prevalence of urinary incontinence of 15% for the women and 11.6% for the men. Those with urinary incontinence had a greater average age, weight and body mass index than the healthy participants. At the same time, the patient group with incontinence showed more sedentary habits compared with the healthy participants. CONCLUSIONS A strong relationship was observed between the body mass index and prevalence of urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence was also related to attitudinal aspects such as physical inactivity, a behaviour that predisposes the elderly to developing incontinence. For the first time, we observed a reduction in the prevalence of incontinence compared with previous studies.
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12
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Tamarelle B, Charvier K, Badet L, Terrier JE, Grise P, Mellier G, Golfier F, Ruffion A. [Notice of expert for modality and prescriptions limits of local estrogenotherapy for urinairy inconfinence in women]. Prog Urol 2017; 27:585-593. [PMID: 28844320 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2017.07.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a consensus of experts on the use of local estrogens in female urinary incontinence. MATERIAL AND METHOD Following a formalized consensus method (DELPHI), a questionnaire was produced and sent to a first round and then to a second round of experts. The questionnaire consisted of proposals for recommendations for the use of local estrogens in the context of female urinary incontinence. The Survey Monkey® survey software allowed the questionnaire to be distributed and the answers obtained to be analyzed. RESULTS Eight experts responded to the first round questionnaire. Seven formulations were deleted, 3 amended and 4 added to the first round questionnaire following expert advice. Twenty-six experts replied to the second round questionnaire, 24 of which were complete. Ten of the 21 proposals were approved at more than 80%, including five with strong agreement regarding the recognized benefit of local estrogens in urinary incontinence due to overactive bladder, the absence of data from the literature to demonstrate over-risk of hormone-dependent cancer under local estrogens and the need for follow-up of patients under this treatment. Six proposals were not the subject of a consensus and concerned the prescription modalities (maximum duration, effective minimum dose, prescription before surgery for incontinence). CONCLUSION Although local estrogens did not have regulatory approval in urinary incontinence, more than 80% of these experts recognized their benefit in the management of urinary incontinence in women with vulvo-vaginal atrophy, particularly in the case of urinary urge incontinence. LEVEL OF PROOF 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tamarelle
- Centre hospitaliser Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du grand Revoyer, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France.
| | - K Charvier
- Centre Henry-Gabrielle, 20, route de Vourles, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France.
| | - L Badet
- Centre Edouard-Herriot, 5, place d'asonval, 69003 Lyon, France.
| | - J-E Terrier
- Centre hospitaliser Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du grand Revoyer, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France.
| | - P Grise
- Centre hospitalier de Rouen-Charles-Nicole, 1, rue de Germont, 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - G Mellier
- Hopital Femme-Mère-et-Enfant, 59, boulevard pinel, 69677 Bron, France.
| | - F Golfier
- Centre hospitaliser Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du grand Revoyer, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France.
| | - A Ruffion
- Centre hospitaliser Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du grand Revoyer, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France.
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Abstract
Urinary incontinence symptoms are highly prevalent among women, have a substantial effect on health-related quality of life and are associated with considerable personal and societal expenditure. Two main types are described: stress urinary incontinence, in which urine leaks in association with physical exertion, and urgency urinary incontinence, in which urine leaks in association with a sudden compelling desire to void. Women who experience both symptoms are considered as having mixed urinary incontinence. Research has revealed overlapping potential causes of incontinence, including dysfunction of the detrusor muscle or muscles of the pelvic floor, dysfunction of the neural controls of storage and voiding, and perturbation of the local environment within the bladder. A full diagnostic evaluation of urinary incontinence requires a medical history, physical examination, urinalysis, assessment of quality of life and, when initial treatments fail, invasive urodynamics. Interventions can include non-surgical options (such as lifestyle modifications, pelvic floor muscle training and drugs) and surgical options to support the urethra or increase bladder capacity. Future directions in research may increasingly target primary prevention through understanding of environmental and genetic risks for incontinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Aoki
- Department of Urology, University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukui, Japan
| | - Heidi W Brown
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology &Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Linda Brubaker
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jean Nicolas Cornu
- Department of Urology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - J Oliver Daly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rufus Cartwright
- Department of Urogynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
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14
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Tamanini JTN, Pallone LV, Sartori MGF, Girão MJBC, Dos Santos JLF, de Oliveira Duarte YA, van Kerrebroeck PEVA. A populational-based survey on the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of urinary incontinence in older adults-results from the "SABE STUDY". Neurourol Urodyn 2017; 37:466-477. [PMID: 28666062 DOI: 10.1002/nau.23331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the prevalence and incidence of urinary incontinence (UI) and identify the associated risk factors in a cohort of elderly individuals in Brazil. METHODS In 2006, individuals aged ≥60 years were selected from the SABE Study (Health, Well-being, and Aging). The dependent variable was reported UI in 2009. UI was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence-Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF). Incidence was measured in units of 1000 person-years, and Cox regression was applied for data analysis. Multivariate analysis was used to assess risk factors for UI. Incidence risk ratio (IRR) was used for comparison. RESULTS This is the first study to examine the incidence of UI in Brazilian elderly individuals. In total, 1413 individuals were included; the mean age was 74.5 years, and 864 (61.8%) participants were female. The risk of UI was greater among women with cancer (other than skin) and among those with diabetes. In men, the risk of UI was greater for those in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) category "5-8" and those who self-reported a "fair" health status. The prevalence of UI was 14.2% and 28.2% for men and women, respectively. The incidence rate of UI was 25.6 and 39.3 (×1000 person-years) for men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of UI among older adults in the Brazilian community was high for elderly individuals. The identified risk factors were diabetes and IADL category 5-8 (women) as well as cancer (other than skin) and self-reported health status (male).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Tadeu Nunes Tamanini
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery/Department of Gynecology of the Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marair Grácio Ferreira Sartori
- Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery/Department of Gynecology of the Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Minassian VA, Bazi T, Stewart WF. Clinical epidemiological insights into urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J 2017; 28:687-696. [PMID: 28321473 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-017-3314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Urinary incontinence (UI) is very common and heterogeneous among women with limited knowledge of progression or prognosis. Evidence based on clinical epidemiology can help to better understand the natural history of UI. METHODS We examine the challenges of UI definition and its subtypes, its impact on quality of life and health-seeking behavior. We review the proposed pathophysiology of UI subtypes and known risk factors as they relate to our current knowledge of the disease state. Finally, we emphasize the role of epidemiology in the process of acquiring new insight, improving knowledge, and translating this information into clinical practice. RESULTS Stress UI is most common overall, but mixed UI is most prevalent in older women. The three UI subtypes have some common risk factors, and others that are unique, but there remains a significant gap in our understanding of how they develop. Although the pathophysiology of stress UI is somewhat understood, urgency UI remains mostly idiopathic, whereas mixed UI is the least studied and most complex subtype. Moreover, there exists limited information on the progression of symptoms over time, and disproportionate UI health-seeking behavior. We identify areas of exploration (e.g., epigenetics, urinary microbiome), and offer new insights into a better understanding of the relationship among the UI subtypes and to develop an integrated construct of UI natural history. CONCLUSION Future epidemiological strategies using longitudinal study designs could play a pivotal role in better elucidating the controversies in UI natural history and the pathophysiology of its subtypes leading to improved clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatché A Minassian
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of OB/GYN, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Tony Bazi
- American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Sugimoto T, Yoshida M, Ono R, Murata S, Saji N, Niida S, Toba K, Sakurai T. Frontal Lobe Function Correlates with One-Year Incidence of Urinary Incontinence in Elderly with Alzheimer Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 56:567-574. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Sugimoto
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Kobe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Urology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Rei Ono
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Kobe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Murata
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Kobe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoki Saji
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Shumpei Niida
- Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenji Toba
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Minassian VA, Yan XS, Sun H, Platte RO, Stewart WF. Clinical validation of the Bladder Health Survey for urinary incontinence in a population sample of women. Int Urogynecol J 2015; 27:453-61. [PMID: 26386565 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-015-2849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Our aim was to clinically validate the Bladder Health Survey (BHS) for detecting urinary incontinence (UI) in population-based surveys. METHODS A random sample of women ≥40 years was recruited from primary care practices. We assessed the BHS content validity with an expert advisory board. Test-retest reliability of UI questions was measured. BHS UI definitions included noncases, active (more than three symptoms in the prior 6 months), inactive (past but no current symptoms), and incident (new onset over the past 2 years) cases. To assess criterion validity, we compared BHS diagnosis to an expert clinical diagnosis using structured history, pelvic exam, voiding diary, and urodynamics (if needed). Construct validity was assessed comparing the BHS UI score and case status to Sandvik's score. RESULTS Among 322 patients, the BHS identified 17 % as noncases, 70 % as active, 10 % as inactive, and 3 % as incident cases. Using the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the percent of true-positive UI cases was 98 % (active), 84 % (inactive), and 80 % (incident). A total of 75 % of BHS noncases were true negatives. The receiver operating characteristic c-statistic was 0.86. Sensitivity and specificity of the BHS were 91 % and 84 %, respectively. The Sandvik score for active cases (median = 4) was significantly greater than it was for inactive (median = 1), incident (median = 1), and noncases (median = 0) (p < 0.001). The BHS UI score was significantly correlated with the Sandvik severity score (r = 0.68, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The BHS is highly reliable, with robust content and construct validity for detecting UI for use in population samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatché A Minassian
- Department of OB/GYN, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, ASB1 3 -Room 073, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | | | - Haiyan Sun
- Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Raissa O Platte
- Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery Institute of Michigan, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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