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Choi HP, Yang JH, Azadzoi KM. Differential Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins in Bladder Ischemia. Biomedicines 2023; 12:81. [PMID: 38255188 PMCID: PMC10813800 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical and basic research suggests that bladder ischemia may be an independent variable in the development of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We have reported that ischemic changes in the bladder involve differential expression and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of the protein's functional domains. In the present study, we performed in-depth analysis of a previously reported proteomic dataset to further characterize proteins PTMs in bladder ischemia. Our proteomic analysis of proteins in bladder ischemia detected differential formation of non-coded amino acids (ncAAs) that might have resulted from PTMs. In-depth analysis revealed that three groups of proteins in the bladder proteome, including contractile proteins and their associated proteins, stress response proteins, and cell signaling-related proteins, are conspicuously impacted by ischemia. Differential PTMs of proteins by ischemia seemed to affect important signaling pathways in the bladder and provoke critical changes in the post-translational structural integrity of the stress response, contractile, and cell signaling-related proteins. Our data suggest that differential PTMs of proteins may play a role in the development of cellular stress, sensitization of smooth muscle cells to contractile stimuli, and deferential cell signaling in bladder ischemia. These observations may provide the foundation for future research to validate and define clinical translation of the modified biomarkers for precise diagnosis of bladder dysfunction and the development of new therapeutic targets against LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Pil Choi
- Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Surgery, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Kazem M. Azadzoi
- Departments of Urology and Pathology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130, USA
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2
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Gheinani AH, Sack BS, Bigger-Allen A, Thaker H, Atta H, Lambrinos G, Costa K, Doyle C, Gharaee-Kermani M, Patalano S, Piper M, Cotellessa JF, Vitko D, Li H, Prabhakaran MK, Cristofaro V, Froehlich J, Lee RS, Yang W, Sullivan MP, Macoska JA, Adam RM. Integrated omics analysis unveils a DNA damage response to neurogenic injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.10.571015. [PMID: 38106029 PMCID: PMC10723451 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.10.571015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) evokes profound bladder dysfunction. Current treatments are limited by a lack of molecular data to inform novel therapeutic avenues. Previously, we showed systemic inosine treatment improved bladder function following SCI in rats. Here, we applied multi-omics analysis to explore molecular alterations in the bladder and their sensitivity to inosine following SCI. Canonical pathways regulated by SCI included those associated with protein synthesis, neuroplasticity, wound healing, and neurotransmitter degradation. Upstream regulator analysis identified MYC as a key regulator, whereas causal network analysis predicted multiple regulators of DNA damage response signaling following injury, including PARP-1. Staining for both DNA damage (γH2AX) and PARP activity (poly-ADP-ribose) markers in the bladder was increased following SCI, and attenuated in inosine-treated tissues. Proteomics analysis suggested that SCI induced changes in protein synthesis-, neuroplasticity-, and oxidative stress-associated pathways, a subset of which were shown in transcriptomics data to be inosine-sensitive. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular landscape of the bladder following SCI, and highlight a potential role for PARP inhibition to treat neurogenic bladder dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hashemi Gheinani
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bryan S Sack
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Functional Urology Research Group, Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alex Bigger-Allen
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Biological & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hatim Thaker
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hussein Atta
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Lambrinos
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyle Costa
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire Doyle
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mary Piper
- Harvard Chan Bioinformatics Core, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin F Cotellessa
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dijana Vitko
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haiying Li
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manubhai Kadayil Prabhakaran
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vivian Cristofaro
- Division of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Froehlich
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard S Lee
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Maryrose P Sullivan
- Division of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Urology, Inselspital University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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3
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Molecular Regulation of Concomitant Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile Dysfunction in Pelvic Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415988. [PMID: 36555629 PMCID: PMC9782153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging correlates with greater incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in the male population where the pathophysiological link remains elusive. The incidence of LUTS and ED correlates with the prevalence of vascular risk factors, implying potential role of arterial disorders in concomitant development of the two conditions. Human studies have revealed lower bladder and prostate blood flow in patients with LUTS suggesting that the severity of LUTS and ED correlates with the severity of vascular disorders. A close link between increased prostatic vascular resistance and greater incidence of LUTS and ED has been documented. Experimental models of atherosclerosis-induced chronic pelvic ischemia (CPI) showed increased contractile reactivity of prostatic and bladder tissues, impairment of penile erectile tissue relaxation, and simultaneous development of detrusor overactivity and ED. In the bladder, short-term ischemia caused overactive contractions while prolonged ischemia provoked degenerative responses and led to underactivity. CPI compromised structural integrity of the bladder, prostatic, and penile erectile tissues. Downstream molecular mechanisms appear to involve cellular stress and survival signaling, receptor modifications, upregulation of cytokines, and impairment of the nitric oxide pathway in cavernosal tissue. These observations may suggest pelvic ischemia as an important contributing factor in LUTS-associated ED. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the current evidence on CPI as a possible etiologic mechanism underlying LUTS-associated ED.
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Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Age-Related Lower Urinary Tract Disorders: A Systematic Review. Int Neurourol J 2022; 26:3-19. [PMID: 35368181 PMCID: PMC8984698 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2142188.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To conduct a systematic review of preclinical and clinical peer-reviewed evidence linking alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers or outcome measures that were also prevalent in specific age-related lower urinary tract (LUT) disorders. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Embase were searched for peer-reviewed studies published between January 2000 and March 2021. Animal and human studies that reported on the impact of oxidative stress in age-related LUT disorders through structural or functional changes in the LUT and changes in biomarkers were included. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol was followed. RESULTS Of 882 articles identified, 21 studies (13 animal; 8 human) met inclusion criteria. Across LUT disorders, common structural changes were increased bladder and prostate weights, ischemic damage, nerve damage and detrusor muscle hypertrophy; common functional changes included decreased bladder contraction, increased bladder sensation and excitability, decreased perfusion, and increased inflammation. The disorders were associated with increased levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress that provided evidence of either molecular damage, protective mechanisms against oxidative stress, neural changes, or inflammation. In all cases, the effect on biomarkers and enzymes was greater in aged groups compared to younger groups. CONCLUSION Increased oxidative stress, often associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of age-related LUT disorders and may explain their increasing prevalence. This systematic review identifies potential markers of disease progression and treatment opportunities; further research is warranted to evaluate these markers and the mechanisms by which these changes may lead to age-related LUT disorders.
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Yang JH, Choi HP, Niu W, Azadzoi KM. Cellular Stress and Molecular Responses in Bladder Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111862. [PMID: 34769293 PMCID: PMC8584445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of bladder ischemia as a contributing factor to detrusor overactivity and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is evolving. Bladder ischemia as a consequence of pelvic arterial atherosclerosis was first documented in experimental models and later in elderly patients with LUTS. It was shown that early-stage moderate ischemia produces detrusor overactivity, while prolonged severe ischemia provokes changes consistent with detrusor underactivity. Recent studies imply a central role of cellular energy sensors, cellular stress sensors, and stress response molecules in bladder responses to ischemia. The cellular energy sensor adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase was shown to play a role in detrusor overactivity and neurodegeneration in bladder ischemia. The cellular stress sensors apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 and caspase-3 along with heat shock proteins were characterized as important contributing factors to smooth muscle structural modifications and apoptotic responses in bladder ischemia. Downstream pathways seem to involve hypoxia-inducible factor, transforming growth factor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor, and nerve growth factor. Molecular responses to bladder ischemia were associated with differential protein expression, the accumulation of non-coded amino acids, and post-translational modifications of contractile proteins and stress response molecules. Further insight into cellular stress responses in bladder ischemia may provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets against LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Yang
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
- Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Han-Pil Choi
- Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Wanting Niu
- Research Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Kazem M. Azadzoi
- Departments of Urology and Pathology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(857)-364-5602
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6
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Yang JH, Niu W, Li Y, Azadzoi KM. Impairment of AMPK-α2 augments detrusor contractions in bladder ischemia. Investig Clin Urol 2021; 62:600-609. [PMID: 34387036 PMCID: PMC8421994 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20210095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ischemia disrupts cellular energy homeostasis. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha-2 (AMPK-α2) is a subunit of AMPK that senses cellular energy deprivation and signals metabolic stress. Our goal was to examine the expression levels and functional role of AMPK-α2 in bladder ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Iliac artery atherosclerosis and bladder ischemia were engendered in apolipoprotein E knockout rats by partial arterial endothelial denudation using a balloon catheter. After eight weeks, total and phosphorylated AMPK-α2 expression was analyzed by western blotting. Structural integrity of AMPK-α2 protein was assessed by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Functional role of AMPK-α2 was examined by treating animals with the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D ribofuranoside (AICAR). Tissue contractility was measured in the organ bath and bladder nerve density was examined by immunostaining. RESULTS Total AMPK-α2 expression increased in bladder ischemia, while phosphorylated AMPK-α2 was significantly downregulated. LC-MS/MS suggested post-translational modification of AMPK-α2 functional domains including phosphorylation sites, suggesting accumulation of catalytically inactive AMPK-α2 in bladder ischemia. Treatment of rats with AICAR diminished the force of overactive detrusor contractions and increased bladder capacity but did not have a significant effect on the frequency of bladder contractions. AICAR diminished contractile reactivity of ischemic tissues in the organ bath and prevented loss of nerve fibers in bladder ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Ischemia induces post-translational modification of AMPK-α2 protein. Impairment of AMPK-α2 may contribute to overactive detrusor contractions and loss of nerve fibers in bladder ischemia. AMPK activators may have therapeutic potential against detrusor overactivity and neurodegeneration in bladder conditions involving ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Yang
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wanting Niu
- Research Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yedan Li
- Research Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazem M Azadzoi
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology,VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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A Proteomic Network Approach across the Kidney Stone Disease Reveals Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Crystal-Cell Interaction in the Kidney. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9307256. [PMID: 31772715 PMCID: PMC6854948 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9307256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Crystal-cell interactions are a vital step toward kidney stone formation. However, its mechanisms remained unclear. Here, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of a kidney stone revealed that the proteins were enriched in a posttranslational protein modification process in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The in vitro study showed that the markers of ER stress, including Bip and CHOP, were upregulated, PERK and ATF6 were activated, and XBP-1 mRNA was spliced. An ER stress-specific protein, caspase-12, was activated in the apoptotic cells induced by calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. The treatment with tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer, promoted the crystal-cell adhesion assayed by atomic absorption, reduced cell viability assayed by MTT, and downregulated the expression of proteins involved in the crystal formations. The treatment with salubrinal, an ER stress inhibitor, reversed the above effects for both tunicamycin and COM crystals. The aforementioned main observations were supported by in vivo study. These data demonstrated that ER stress was an essentially biological process of crystal-cell interactions. Our findings suggest that blocking ER stress may become a potential approach to preventing a kidney stone.
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8
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Bi B, Choi HP, Hyeon SJ, Sun S, Su N, Liu Y, Lee J, Kowall NW, McKee AC, Yang JH, Ryu H. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Impaired Axonal Guidance Signaling in Human Postmortem Brain Tissues of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Exp Neurobiol 2019; 28:362-375. [PMID: 31308796 PMCID: PMC6614068 DOI: 10.5607/en.2019.28.3.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a distinct neurodegenerative disease that associated with repetitive head trauma. CTE is neuropathologically defined by the perivascular accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated tau protein in the depths of the sulci in the cerebral cortices. In advanced CTE, hyperphosphorylated tau protein deposits are found in widespread regions of brain, however the mechanisms of the progressive neurodegeneration in CTE are not fully understood. In order to identify which proteomic signatures are associated with CTE, we prepared RIPA-soluble fractions and performed quantitative proteomic analysis of postmortem brain tissue from individuals neuropathologically diagnosed with CTE. We found that axonal guidance signaling pathwayrelated proteins were most significantly decreased in CTE. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that axonal signaling pathway-related proteins were down regulated in neurons and oligodendrocytes and neuron-specific cytoskeletal proteins such as TUBB3 and CFL1 were reduced in the neuropils and cell body in CTE. Moreover, oligodendrocyte-specific proteins such as MAG and TUBB4 were decreased in the neuropils in both gray matter and white matter in CTE, which correlated with the degree of axonal injury and degeneration. Our findings indicate that deregulation of axonal guidance proteins in neurons and oligodendrocytes is associated with the neuropathology in CTE. Together, altered axonal guidance proteins may be potential pathological markers for CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baibin Bi
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Han-Pil Choi
- Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Seung Jae Hyeon
- Center for Neuromedicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 04535, Korea
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ning Su
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yuguang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Junghee Lee
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA.,Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center (BU ADC) and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA.,Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center (BU ADC) and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA.,Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center (BU ADC) and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Cancer Research Center, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, China.,Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Hoon Ryu
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Proteomics Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA.,Center for Neuromedicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 04535, Korea.,Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center (BU ADC) and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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9
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Holthoff ER, Byrum SD, Mackintosh SG, Kelly T, Tackett AJ, Quick CM, Post SR. Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma aggressiveness is associated with differential expression of collagen and STAT1. Clin Proteomics 2017; 14:40. [PMID: 29225558 PMCID: PMC5717999 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-017-9175-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (vSCC) is a rare but debilitating disease. One vSCC variant comprises tumor cells that grow and expand as a cohesive sheet of cells that “pushes” and compresses the associated lymphoplasmacytic (LPC) stroma. Another vSCC variant features tumor cells that grow in loose association with one another and infiltrate the associated fibromyxoid (FMX) stroma consisting mainly of extracellular matrix. Clinically, infiltrative vSCC with FMX stroma (Inf/FMX) is significantly associated with lymph node metastases and recurrence. Methods An unbiased proteomic approach was used to identify pathways involved in the development of the different vSCC variants. Proteins extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues of 10 cases of pushing vSCC with LPC stroma (Push/LPC) and eight cases of Inf/FMX were subjected to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Results Analysis identified 2265 different proteins in the 18 samples of vSCC. Of these, 282 proteins were differentially expressed between vSCC variants. Of these, 45 were higher and 237 lower in Inf/FMX compared to Push/LPC tumors. Consistent with the desmoplastic morphology and increased picrosirius red staining, expression of subunits of several collagens (Col 1, 3, 6, 14) was higher in the more aggressive Inf/FMX tumors. In contrast, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), an important regulator of several inflammatory pathways, was expressed at lower levels in the Inf/FMX tumors. This finding was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using an antibody to STAT1. Informatics analysis of the differing profiles identified differences in pathways associated with integrin signaling and inflammation mediated by chemokines and cytokines. Conclusions Comparing the proteomic profiles of vSCC morphologic variants indicates that increased expression of collagen subunits and decreased expression of STAT1 are associated with a more aggressive tumor variant, defined by increased incidence of nodal metastases and tumor recurrence. Informatic analyses further identify that both alterations in cell interaction with matrix and immune function differ with tumor aggressiveness. Identification of these pathways provides a molecular basis for understanding aggressiveness of vSCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-017-9175-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Holthoff
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Samuel G Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Thomas Kelly
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Alan J Tackett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Charles M Quick
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - Steven R Post
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 845, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
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10
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Zhang P, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhu S, Zhao M, Ding S, Li J. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis To Identify Differentially Expressed Proteins in Myocardium of Epilepsy Using iTRAQ Coupled with Nano-LC-MS/MS. J Proteome Res 2017; 17:305-314. [PMID: 29090925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a difficult-to-manage neurological disease that can result in organ damage, such as cardiac injury, that contributes to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Although recurrent seizure-induced cardiac dysregulation has been reported, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. We established an epileptic model with Sprague-Dawley rats by applying isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomics approach to identify differentially expressed proteins in myocardial tissue. A total of seven proteins in the acute epilepsy group and 60 proteins in the chronic epilepsy group were identified as differentially expressed. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the pathogenesis of cardiac injury in acute and chronic epilepsy may be due to different molecular mechanisms. Three proteins, a receptor for activated protein kinase C1 (RACK1), aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family member A1 (ALDH6A1), and glycerol uptake/transporter 1 (Hhatl), were identified as playing crucial roles in cardiac injury during epilepsy and were successfully confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Our study not only provides a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of myocardial damage in epilepsy, but also suggests some potential novel therapeutic targets for preventing cardiac injury and reducing the incidence of sudden death due to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongguo Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Criminal Investigation Technology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shisheng Zhu
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College , Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Minzhu Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Criminal Investigation Technology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Criminal Investigation Technology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Criminal Investigation Technology, Chongqing 400016, China
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11
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Yang JH, Siroky MB, Yalla SV, Azadzoi KM. Mitochondrial stress and activation of PI3K and Akt survival pathway in bladder ischemia. Res Rep Urol 2017; 9:93-100. [PMID: 28652996 PMCID: PMC5476760 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s132082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Detrusor overactivity contributes to bothersome constellation of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men and women as they age. However, the underlying mechanisms of non-obstructive detrusor overactivity and LUTS remain largely unknown. Growing evidence suggests that ischemia may be an independent factor in the development of non-obstructive bladder dysfunction. Our goal was to determine the effects of ischemia on detrusor function and voiding behavior and define redox-mediated cellular stress and cell survival signaling in the ischemic bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into treatment (n=8) and control (n=8) groups. In the treatment group, iliac artery atherosclerosis and chronic bladder ischemia were induced. At 8 weeks after bladder ischemia, voiding patterns were examined in metabolic cages, cystometrograms were recorded in conscious animals, and then bladder blood flow was measured under general anesthesia. Bladder tissues were processed for assessment of transcription factors, markers of cellular and mitochondrial stress, mitochondrial respiration, and cell survival signaling pathway. RESULTS Atherosclerotic occlusive disease spread from the common iliac arteries to the internal iliac and vesical arteries and produced sustained bladder ischemia. Studies in metabolic cages showed increased micturition frequency and decreased voided volume in bladder ischemia. Conscious cystometrograms produced consistent data showing significant increase in micturition frequency and decreased voided volume and bladder capacity. Voiding behavior and cystometric changes in bladder ischemia were associated with significant decrease in DNA binding activity of Nrf2, significant increase in cellular levels of stress protein Hsp70 and mitochondrial stress protein GRP75, and significant decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption and upregulation of PI3K and Akt expression. CONCLUSION Chronic bladder ischemia may be a mediating variable in the development of detrusor overactivity in the non-obstructive bladder. The mechanism may involve ischemia-induced cellular stress, Nrf2 functional deficit, depression of mitochondrial respiration, and upregulation of PI3K/Akt cell survival signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Yang
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Mike B Siroky
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Subbarao V Yalla
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School
| | - Kazem M Azadzoi
- Department of Urology.,Department of Pathology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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LC-MS/MS Analysis Unravels Deep Oxidation of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase in Kidney Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020319. [PMID: 28165386 PMCID: PMC5343855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MNSOD) is one of the major scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria with pivotal regulatory role in ischemic disorders, inflammation and cancer. Here we report oxidative modification of MNSOD in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by the shotgun method using data-dependent liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). While 5816 and 5571 proteins were identified in cancer and adjacent tissues, respectively, 208 proteins were found to be up- or down-regulated (p < 0.05). Ontological category, interaction network and Western blotting suggested a close correlation between RCC-mediated proteins and oxidoreductases such as MNSOD. Markedly, oxidative modifications of MNSOD were identified at histidine (H54 and H55), tyrosine (Y58), tryptophan (W147, W149, W205 and W210) and asparagine (N206 and N209) residues additional to methionine. These oxidative insults were located at three hotspots near the hydrophobic pocket of the manganese binding site, of which the oxidation of Y58, W147 and W149 was up-regulated around three folds and the oxidation of H54 and H55 was detected in the cancer tissues only (p < 0.05). When normalized to MNSOD expression levels, relative MNSOD enzymatic activity was decreased in cancer tissues, suggesting impairment of MNSOD enzymatic activity in kidney cancer due to modifications. Thus, LC-MS/MS analysis revealed multiple oxidative modifications of MNSOD at different amino acid residues that might mediate the regulation of the superoxide radicals, mitochondrial ROS scavenging and MNSOD activity in kidney cancer.
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Zhao Z, Azad R, Yang JH, Siroky MB, Azadzoi KM. Progressive changes in detrusor function and micturition patterns with chronic bladder ischemia. Investig Clin Urol 2016; 57:249-59. [PMID: 27437534 PMCID: PMC4949689 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2016.57.4.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are bothersome constellation of voiding symptoms in men and women as they age. Multiple factors and comorbidities are attributed to this problem but underlying mechanisms of nonobstructive nonneurogenic detrusor overactivity, detrusor underactivity and LUTS remain largely unknown. Our goal was to characterize detrusor function and voiding patterns in relation to muscarinic receptors expression, nerve fiber density, and neural ultrastructure in chronic bladder ischemia. Materials and Methods Iliac artery atherosclerosis and bladder ischemia were produced in male Sprague-Dawley rats. At 8 and 16 weeks after ischemia, micturition patterns and cystometrograms were recorded in conscious rats then bladder blood flow and nonvoiding spontaneous contractions were measured under general anesthesia. Bladder tissues were processed for Western blotting, immunostaining, and transmission electron microscopy. Results Bladder responses to ischemic insult depended on the duration of ischemia. Micturition patterns and cystometric changes at 8-week ischemia suggested detrusor overactivity, while voiding behavior and cystometrograms at 16-week ischemia implied abnormal detrusor function resembling underactivity. Upregulation of muscarinic M2 receptor was found after 8- and 16 weeks of ischemia. Downregulation of M3 and upregulation of M1 were detected at 16-week ischemia. Neural structural damage and marked neurodegeneration were found after 8 and 16 weeks of ischemia, respectively. Conclusions Prolonged ischemia may be a mediating variable in progression of overactive bladder to dysfunctional patterns similar to detrusor underactivity. The mechanism appears to involve differential expression of M1, M2, and M3 receptors, neural structural injury, and progressive loss of nerve fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuohui Zhao
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roya Azad
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mike B Siroky
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazem M Azadzoi
- Department of Urology, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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This Month in Investigative Urology. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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