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Blackburn AF, Landinez GP, Kerlan RK, Lokken RP. Malposition of a Femoral Tunneled Dialysis Catheter through a Patent Foramen Ovale. Semin Intervent Radiol 2023; 40:304-307. [PMID: 37484443 PMCID: PMC10359127 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1769745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common congenital abnormality of high prevalence in adults. Its clinical significance is magnified in a right-to-left shunt, where paradoxical embolism can have catastrophic outcomes involving the brain, heart, mesenteric circulation, or extremities. Right-to-left shunting through a PFO is caused by increased right atrial pressure, as seen in the setting of pulmonary artery hypertension or pulmonary embolism. This case highlights the relevance of central venous catheter placement in the setting of a PFO. While the patient did not experience clinical sequelae from line placement, she was at high risk for paradoxical embolus. Recognizing the possibility of a PFO during central venous catheter placement, especially in the setting of increased right pressures, should be a consideration of all interventional radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Finnay Blackburn
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Gina P. Landinez
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert K. Kerlan
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - R. Peter Lokken
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
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2
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Nassereldine H, Hajj-Ali A, Hassanieh J, Hamideh D, Jaafar RF, Akel S, Zaghal A. Catheter-related atrial thrombosis: prevalence and risk factors in the pediatric age group—a retrospective study. ANNALS OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43159-022-00227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT) is an under-studied complication of a long-term implantable venous access devices (IVAD), particularly in children with incidence rates extrapolated from the adult literature ranging between 2 and 29%. This is a single-center retrospective review of electronic medical records of children who underwent insertion of IVADs and had at least one echocardiogram performed prior to catheter removal between 2008 and 2018. Data collection included demographic information, development of CRAT, systemic infection, and administration of thrombogenic chemotherapeutic agents. We identified six patients who developed CRAT and compared them to 120 control patients. We also performed a detailed chart review for the patients who developed CRAT. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS.
Results
A total of 764 patients underwent IVAD placement between 2008 and 2018. Six (0.79%) patients developed CRAT, and 120 patients were identified as controls that match the CRAT patients based on definitive criteria that include age, gender, chemotherapy type, steroid therapy, reason of line insertion, site of catheter insertion, tip-location at insertion, and history of systemic infections. In the CRAT group, 3 (50%) patients had their catheter tips placed in the superior vena cava-right atrial junction and 3 (50%) in the right atrium, whereas in the control group, all patients had their catheter tips placed in the superior vena cava-right atrial junction (p=0.000). Five (83.3%) patients in the CRAT group received L-asparaginase as compared to 75 (62.5%) patients in the control group (p=0.301). In the CRAT group, all patients had a history of systemic infection compared to 47 (39.2%) in the control group (p=0.180).
Conclusion
We identified 6 (0.79%) children with CRAT. Catheter-tip location within the right atrium is a potential risk factor for CRAT development in children.
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Mathevosian S, Ranade M. Right Heart Clot-in-Transit: Endovascular Therapies. Semin Intervent Radiol 2022; 39:515-522. [PMID: 36561934 PMCID: PMC9767789 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Right heart thrombus is a challenging high mortality disease typically seen in the setting of pulmonary embolism. Traditional treatments have included anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and surgical embolectomy. Advances in recognition and treatment of clot-in-transit have led to the development of endovascular therapies increasingly becoming the preferred method of treatment due to rapid debulking and lower morbidity. Novel endovascular devices are large bore aspiration thrombectomy systems which mitigate the use of concomitant thrombolytics. The article reviews the disease process, relevant literature, and current endovascular devices and strategies for the treatment of right heart thrombus and clot-in-transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipan Mathevosian
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mona Ranade
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Chiang J, Mathevosian S, Aboulhosn J, Moriarty JM. Prevention of Paradoxical Cerebral Embolus with Protection System during Combination Right Atrial Clot Aspiration Thrombectomy and Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale. THE ARAB JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this technical case report, we describe a 41-year-old female with a history of breast cancer who was found to have a right atrial clot attached to the tip of her Port-A-Cath. During transthoracic echocardiography to evaluate her clot, she was also noted to also have a patent foramen ovale. The decision was made to perform a simultaneous right atrial endovascular aspiration thrombectomy and patent foramen ovale closure. To minimize the risk for paradoxical embolus during clot manipulation, an intravascular embolic neuroprotection device was deployed. After the procedure, it was noted on visual inspection that the device filter contained several embolic fragments. The presence of macroscopic embolic fragments in the filter baskets highlights the role of prophylactic embolic protection when performing cardiac interventions in the setting of a patent foramen ovale, particularly in the presence of a right atrial thrombus or mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Chiang
- Department of Radiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Sipan Mathevosian
- Department of Radiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jamil Aboulhosn
- Division of Cardiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - John M Moriarty
- Department of Radiology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
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Wendel D, Mezoff EA, Raghu VK, Kinberg S, Soden J, Avitzur Y, Rudolph JA, Gniadek M, Cohran VC, Venick RS, Cole CR. Management of Central Venous Access in Children With Intestinal Failure: A Position Paper From the NASPGHAN Intestinal Rehabilitation Special Interest Group. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2021; 72:474-486. [PMID: 33399327 PMCID: PMC8260029 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Intestinal failure requires the placement and maintenance of a long-term central venous catheter for the provision of fluids and/or nutrients. Complications associated with this access contribute to significant morbidity and mortality, while the loss of access is an increasingly common reason for intestinal transplant referral. As more emphasis has been placed on the prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections and new technologies have developed, care for central lines has improved; however, because care has evolved independently in local centers, care of central venous access varies significantly in this vulnerable population. The present position paper from the Intestinal Failure Special Interest Group of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) reviews current evidence and provides recommendations for central line management in children with intestinal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Wendel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Ethan A. Mezoff
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Vikram K. Raghu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sivan Kinberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Jason Soden
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Yaron Avitzur
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A. Rudolph
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Michelle Gniadek
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Valeria C. Cohran
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert S. Venick
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Conrad R. Cole
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Catheter related atrial thrombosis in an infant: A case report and review of the literature. THROMBOSIS UPDATE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2020.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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7
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Di Stefano V, Di Fulvio M, Di Liberato L, Onofrj M, De Angelis MV. Paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale from central venous catheter thrombosis: A potential cause of stroke. J Neurol Sci 2020; 414:116820. [PMID: 32276106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Paradoxical embolism refers to a potential condition in which an embolus arising from a venous source crosses into the systemic circulation through a right-to-left cardiac shunt causing an arterial embolism. A 39-year-old woman carrier of a central venous catheter (CVC) without evident risk factors for stroke, developed an acute right homonymous hemianopia during hemodialysis. On neuroimaging, an infarct in the territory of the left posterior cerebral artery was demonstrated. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a patent foramen ovale (PFO) and a large fluctuating thrombus in the right atrium on the tip of the CVC, thus allowing a diagnosis of ischemic stroke from paradoxical embolism. Oral anticoagulation therapy was started and the PFO was closed. This case emphasizes the potential risk of paradoxical embolism in patients with CVCs and PFO. This condition should be prevented and identified in patients with specific risk factors, such as long-term catheterization and hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Di Stefano
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Maria Di Fulvio
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Liberato
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Nephrology, "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
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Rossi L, Covella B, Libutti P, Teutonico A, Casucci F, Lomonte C. How to manage catheter-related right atrial thrombosis: Our conservative approach. J Vasc Access 2020; 22:480-484. [PMID: 32410490 DOI: 10.1177/1129729820922703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is an underestimated, severe, and life-threatening complication of any type of central venous catheters. No clear-cut epidemiological data are available. Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis is often asymptomatic; however, it can lead to serious complications and death. CASE SERIES We report seven catheter-related right atrial thrombosis events occurred in five hemodialysis patients; two recurrences following primary treatment are included in the report, all of them managed with a conservative approach without catheter removal. Systemic anticoagulation (vitamin K antagonists), having a well-defined target of International Normalized Ratio of 2.5-3.0, combined with urokinase as a locking solution at the end of each hemodialysis session were the therapeutic strategy used in all patients. After the first month, the anticoagulation target was reduced to an International Normalized Ratio value of 1.5-2.0 and urokinase to a weekly administration. After sixth months, when no thrombus was identified at transthoracic echocardiographic examinations, the treatment was stopped. No bleeding complications were reported. CONCLUSION The combination therapy here described is safe, quick, and effective, achieving the goal of not removing catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rossi
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Bianca Covella
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Libutti
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Teutonico
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Francesco Casucci
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Carlo Lomonte
- Department of Nephrology, "F.Miulli" General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
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Whalen H, Dako F, Patel P, Sahbaz J, Hong-Zohlman S, White CS, Jeudy J. Role of Imaging for Suspected Cardiac Thrombus. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2019; 21:81. [PMID: 31820132 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-019-0792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiac thrombus formation is a frequent complication of a variety of prevalent diseases. Embolism of cardiac thrombus has the potential to result in significant morbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular events. RECENT FINDINGS Echocardiography is the most commonly used imaging modality for diagnosing intracardiac thrombus. However, technological advances in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have allowed newer noninvasive modalities to evolve into robust tools for the clinical evaluation of patients suspected of disease. Complimentary use of these imaging techniques is crucial in the diagnosis of cardiac thrombus and initiation of anticoagulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallie Whalen
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Farouk Dako
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| | - Pratik Patel
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| | - Jasmin Sahbaz
- Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susie Hong-Zohlman
- Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles S White
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| | - Jean Jeudy
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA.
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Sun X, Bai X, Cheng L, Gu X, Xia R, Du X, Shi J, Chen Q, Jin Y. Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Right Brachiocephalic and Right Subclavian Vein Cannulation in Adult Patients. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:2559-2564. [PMID: 30693547 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare ultrasound-guided right brachiocephalic vein (BCV) central venous catheter (CVC) placement to right subclavian vein (SCV) CVC insertion in terms of the puncture success rate and complications. METHODS A retrospective review was performed for all adult patients who received an ultrasound-guided CVC via the right BCV or right SCV access route between January 2016 and March 2018. The puncture success rates and procedure-related complications were analyzed. RESULTS Data were analyzed from 755 adult patients who underwent 915 CVC insertions. The overall success rate was higher in the BCV group compared to that in the SCV group (98.99% versus 96.87%; P = .019). The first-attempt success rate was higher in the BCV group compared to that in the SCV group (96.64% versus 89.34%; P < .001). Intraoperative complications were observed in 16 cases in the BCV group (2.68%) and in 12 cases in the SCV group (3.76%). The incidence rates of postprocedure complications were 5.20% in the BCV group and 6.58% in the SCV group and included catheter-related infections and thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound-guided cannulation of the right BCV is an effective and safe method for CVC placement in adult patients and provides an additional option for catheter access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Sun
- Department of Intervention, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuming Bai
- Department of Intervention, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Intervention, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingshi Gu
- Department of Intervention, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Du
- Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianming Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yong Jin
- Department of Intervention, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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11
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Yang H, Cui T. Reply. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69:312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Ghannam JS, Srinivasa RN, Chick JFB. Regarding "Management of tunneled-cuffed catheter-related right atrial thrombosis in hemodialysis patients". J Vasc Surg 2018; 69:311-312. [PMID: 30579454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.06.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Ghannam
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ravi N Srinivasa
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich; Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jeffrey Forris Beecham Chick
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich; Inova Alexandria Hospital, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Alexandria, Va
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Adamski J. Vascular access considerations for extracorporeal photopheresis. Transfusion 2018; 58 Suppl 1:590-597. [PMID: 29443405 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracorporeal photopheresis is an immunomodulatory therapy indicated for patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, graft-versus-host disease, and heart or lung allograft rejection. Whole blood from the patient is drawn into the photopheresis instrument where it is separated into its components. Plasma, red blood cells, and the treated buffy coat are subsequently returned to the patient. Consistent, adequate blood flow is necessary to successfully complete the procedure. Vascular access options for photopheresis include peripheral vein cannulation, tunneled central venous catheters, and subcutaneous ports. Photopheresis is a very safe procedure; however, the complications and impact on the patient's quality of life associated with vascular access devices can be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Adamski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
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