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Raschzok N, Moosburner S, Blank M, Krenzien F, Lurje G, Schöning W, Sauer IM, Pratschke J, Modest DP, Kurreck A. Is interval chemotherapy safe and does it improve the outcome of patients with colorectal liver metastases undergoing multimodal two-stage hepatectomy? - A systematic literature review. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1260. [PMID: 39390396 PMCID: PMC11465852 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-13008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimodal two-stage hepatectomy (mTSH) is used in patients with bilobar colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) that cannot be treated with one surgical procedure due to insufficient future liver remnant. Interval chemotherapy has been proposed to improve disease control in CRLM patients undergoing mTSH. We here present a narrative review of clinical studies on mTSH including the use of interval chemotherapy in patients with CRLM. METHODS A systematic literature search of the PubMed databases as well as the ClinicalTrials.gov registry was performed. RESULTS The use of interval chemotherapy during mTSH was reported in 23 studies and applied in 595 out of 1,461 patients with CRLM. Two studies report on the actual effects of this treatment, one study describes a trend towards improved disease progression rate. No serious adverse events caused by interval chemotherapy were observed. There is currently no randomized clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of interval chemotherapy during mTSH. CONCLUSION The currently available data indicate that interval chemotherapy does neither impair liver hypertrophy during mTSH nor cause procedure-associated complications in patients with CRLM. Results from randomized clinical trials on the potential positive effect on disease control are not yet available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Raschzok
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Simon Moosburner
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Blank
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Krenzien
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Lurje
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenzel Schöning
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor M Sauer
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik P Modest
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology (CCM/CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Kurreck
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology (CCM/CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Bekheit M, Grundy L, Salih AK, Bucur P, Vibert E, Ghazanfar M. Post-hepatectomy liver failure: A timeline centered review. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023; 22:554-569. [PMID: 36973111 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a leading cause of postoperative mortality after liver surgery. Due to its significant impact, it is imperative to understand the risk stratification and preventative strategies for PHLF. The main objective of this review is to highlight the role of these strategies in a timeline centered way around curative resection. DATA SOURCES This review includes studies on both humans and animals, where they addressed PHLF. A literature search was conducted across the Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Web of Knowledge electronic databases for English language studies published between July 1997 and June 2020. Studies presented in other languages were equally considered. The quality of included publications was assessed using Downs and Black's checklist. The results were presented in qualitative summaries owing to the lack of studies qualifying for quantitative analysis. RESULTS This systematic review with 245 studies, provides insight into the current prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and management options for PHLF. This review highlighted that liver volume manipulation is the most frequently studied preventive measure against PHLF in clinical practice, with modest improvement in the treatment strategies over the past decade. CONCLUSIONS Remnant liver volume manipulation is the most consistent preventive measure against PHLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bekheit
- Department of Surgery, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill Health Campus, Ashgrove Road, AB252ZN Aberdeen, UK; Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical School, Foresterhill Health Campus, Ashgrove Road, AB252ZN Aberdeen, UK; Hépatica, Integrated Center of HPB Care, Elite Hospital, Agriculture Road, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Lisa Grundy
- Department of Surgery, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill Health Campus, Ashgrove Road, AB252ZN Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ahmed Ka Salih
- Department of Surgery, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill Health Campus, Ashgrove Road, AB252ZN Aberdeen, UK; Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical School, Foresterhill Health Campus, Ashgrove Road, AB252ZN Aberdeen, UK
| | - Petru Bucur
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Tours, Val de la Loire 37000, France
| | - Eric Vibert
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Paul Brousse Hospital, 12 Paul Valliant Couturier, 94804 Villejuif, France
| | - Mudassar Ghazanfar
- Department of Surgery, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill Health Campus, Ashgrove Road, AB252ZN Aberdeen, UK
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Van den Bosch V, Pedersoli F, Keil S, Neumann UP, Kuhl CK, Bruners P, Zimmermann M. Safety and efficacy of right portal vein embolization in patients with prior left lateral liver resection. Acta Radiol 2022; 63:727-733. [PMID: 33951926 DOI: 10.1177/02841851211014192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with bilobar metastatic liver disease, surgical clearance of both liver lobes may be achieved through multiple-stage liver resections. For patients with extensive disease, a major two-staged hepatectomy consisting of resection of liver segments II and III before right-sided portal vein embolization (PVE) and resection of segments V-VIII may be performed, leaving only segments IV ± I as the liver remnant. PURPOSE To describe the outcome following right-sided PVE after prior complete resection of liver segments II and III. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 15 patients (mean age = 60.4 ± 9.3 years) with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (n = 14) and uveal melanoma (n = 1) who were scheduled to undergo a major two-stage hepatectomy, were included. Total liver volume (TLV) and volume of the future liver remnant (FLR) were measured on pre- and postinterventional computed tomography (CT) scans, and standardized FLR volumes (ratio FLR/TLV) were calculated. Patient data were retrospectively analyzed regarding peri- and postinterventional complications, with special emphasis on liver function tests. RESULTS The mean standardized post-PVE FLR volume was 26.9% ± 6.4% and no patient developed hepatic insufficiency after the PVE. Based on FLR hypertrophy and liver function tests, all but one patient were considered eligible for the subsequent right-sided hepatectomy. However, due to local tumor progression, only 9/15 patients eventually proceeded to the second stage of surgery. . CONCLUSION Right-sided PVE was safe and efficacious in this cohort of patients who had previously undergone a complete resection of liver segments II and III as part of a major staged hepatectomy pathway leaving only segments IV(±I) as the FLR. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Van den Bosch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Federico Pedersoli
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keil
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulf P Neumann
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christiane K Kuhl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Bruners
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Zimmermann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Konishi T, Takamoto T, Hashimoto T, Makuuchi M. Is portal vein embolization safe and effective for patients with impaired liver function? J Surg Oncol 2021; 123:1742-1749. [PMID: 33657243 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Portal vein embolization (PVE) is a safe and effective procedure used to increase the safety of extensive hepatectomy for selected patients. However, it is unknown whether PVE is safe for patients with impaired liver functional reserve. METHODS Patients who underwent PVE from April 2007 to September 2016 in our hospital were retrospectively assessed. According to indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (ICG-R15), we divided patients into Group A (≤10%), Group B (10%-20%), and Group C (>20%). We described and compared the treatment course and the outcome among the three groups. RESULTS A total of 106 patients were assessed and divided into groups A (n = 46), B (n = 49), and C (n = 11). The morbidity and mortality after PVE showed no significant differences among the three groups (A:B:C = 37%:53%:64%, p = .16; A:B:C = 0%:0%:0%, p = 1.00, respectively). The morbidity and mortality after successive hepatectomy also showed no significant differences among the three groups (A:B:C = 55%:71%:78%, p = .19; A:B:C = 0%:2%:0%, p = 1.00, respectively). CONCLUSION A patient with impaired liver functional reserve (ICG-R15 > 20%) can be a candidate for PVE and successive hepatectomy, as safely as a patient with normal and slightly impaired liver functional reserve (ICG-R15 ≤ 20%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Konishi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takamoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplantation Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Ali A, Ahle M, Björnsson B, Sandström P. Portal vein embolization with N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue is superior to other materials: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:5464-5478. [PMID: 33501598 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It remains uncertain which embolization material is best for portal vein embolization (PVE). We investigated the various materials for effectiveness in inducing future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy, technical and growth success rates, and complication and resection rates. METHODS A systematic review from 1998 to 2019 on embolization materials for PVE was performed on Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane. FLR growth between the two most commonly used materials was compared in a random effects meta-analysis. In a separate analysis using local data (n = 52), n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) was compared with microparticles regarding costs, radiation dose, and procedure time. RESULTS In total, 2896 patients, 61.0 ± 4.0 years of age and 65% male, from 51 papers were included in the analysis. In 61% of the patients, either NBCA or microparticles were used for embolization. The remaining were treated with ethanol, gelfoam, or sclerosing agents. The FLR growth with NBCA was 49.1% ± 29.7 compared to 42.2% ± 40 with microparticles (p = 0.037). The growth success rate with NBCA vs microparticles was 95.3% vs 90.7% respectively (p < 0.001). There were no differences in major complications between NBCA and microparticles. In the local analysis, NBCA (n = 41) entailed shorter procedure time and reduced fluoroscopy time (p < 0.001), lower radiation exposure (p < 0.01), and lower material costs (p < 0.0001) than microparticles (n = 11). CONCLUSION PVE with NBCA seems to be the best choice when combining growth of the FLR, procedure time, radiation exposure, and costs. KEY POINTS • The meta-analysis shows that n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) is superior to microparticles regarding hypertrophy of the future liver remnant, 49.1% ± 29.7 vs 42.2% ± 40.0 (p = 0.037). • There is no significant difference in major complication rates for portal vein embolization using NBCA, 4% (24/681), compared with microparticles, 5% (25/494) (p > 0.05). • Local data shows a shorter procedure time, 215 vs 348 mins from arrival to departure at the interventional radiology unit, and fluoroscopy time, 43 vs 96 mins (p < 0.001), lower radiation dosage, 573 vs 1287 Gycm2 (p < 0.01), and costs, €816 vs €4233 (p < 0.0001) for NBCA compared to microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Ali
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
| | - Margareta Ahle
- Department of Radiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bergthor Björnsson
- Department of Surgery and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Sandström
- Department of Surgery and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
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Chen C, Liang C, Lu C, Liu Y, Lu S, Hung C. Prognostic factors of radiofrequency ablation therapy for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Hsien Chen
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal MedicineChiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Ming Liang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Chang Lu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Yueh‐Wei Liu
- Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Nan Lu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal MedicineChiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Chao‐Hung Hung
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal MedicineChiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Taiwan
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Future Liver Remnant (FLR) Increase in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases Is Highest the First Week After Portal Vein Occlusion : FLR Increase in Patients with CRLM Is Highest the First Week After PVO. J Gastrointest Surg 2019; 23:556-562. [PMID: 30465187 PMCID: PMC6414468 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-4031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Portal vein occlusion (PVO) is an established method to increase the volume of the future liver remnant (FLR). The main reasons for not proceeding to radical hepatectomy are lack of volume increase and tumor progression due to a wait-time interval of up to 8 weeks. The hypothesis was that the increase in FLR volume is not linear and is largest during the first weeks. METHODS Patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and standardized future liver remnant (sFLR) < 30% treated with PVO were prospectively included. All patients had at least one CT evaluation before radical hepatectomy. RESULTS Forty-eight patients were included. During the first week after PVO, the kinetic growth rate (KGR) was 5.4 (± 4), compared to 1.5 (± 2) between the first and second CT (p < 0.05). For patients reaching adequate FLR and therefore treated with radical hepatectomy, the KGR was 7 (± 4) the first week, compared to 4.3 (± 2) for patients who failed to reach a sufficient volume (p = 0.4). During the interval between the first and second CT, the KGR was 2.2 (± 2), respectively (± 0.1) (p = 0.017). DISCUSSION The increase in liver volume after PVO is largest during the first week. As KGR decreases over time, it is important to shorten the interval between PVO and the first volume evaluation; this may aid in decision-making and reduce unnecessary waiting time.
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Xu F, Tang B, Jin TQ, Dai CL. Current status of surgical treatment of colorectal liver metastases. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:716-734. [PMID: 30510936 PMCID: PMC6264988 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i14.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver metastasis (LM) is one of the major causes of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Approximately 60% of CRC patients develop LM during the course of their illness. About 85% of these patients have unresectable disease at the time of presentation. Surgical resection is currently the only curative treatment for patients with colorectal LM (CRLM). In recent years, with the help of modern multimodality therapy including systemic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, the outcomes of CRLM treatment have significantly improved. This article summarizes the current status of surgical treatment of CRLM including evaluation of resectability, treatment for resectable LM, conversion therapy and liver transplantation for unresectable cases, liver resection for recurrent CRLM and elderly patients, and surgery for concomitant hepatic and extra-hepatic metastatic disease (EHMD). We believe that with the help of modern multimodality therapy, an aggressive oncosurgical approach should be implemented as it has the possibility of achieving a cure, even when EHMD is present in patients with CRLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tian-Qiang Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chao-Liu Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
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Lo Dico R, Tijeras-Raballand A, Bonnin P, Launay JM, Kaci R, Pimpie C, Malgras B, Dohan A, Lo Dico GM, Pocard M. Hepatectomy increases metastatic graft and growth in an immunocompetent murine model of peritoneal metastases. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29525466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curative surgery of synchronous peritoneal metastases (PM) and colorectal liver metastases (LM) has been recently investigated as feasible option. When synchronous peritoneal and liver resection is not achievable, the sequence of the surgery remains unknown. Our hypothesis was that liver resection (LR) promotes peritoneal growth resulting in a non-resectable PM. We sought to analyse the effects of major LR and liver regeneration after hepatectomy in a murine model of PM and the associated angiogenesis. METHODS Murine model of colorectal PM in Balb/C mice was developed by intraperitoneal injection of different CT-26 tumour cell concentrations. Five days after the injection, mice were randomized into three groups: 68% hepatectomy group, sham laparotomy and control group without surgery. On post-operative days 1, 5 and 20, PM was evaluated macroscopically, tumour growth and liver regeneration by immunohistochemistry, and angiogenesis by immunofluorescence. Circulating progenitor cells, plasmatic cytokines and digestive arterial blood flow velocity measurements were also analysed. RESULTS Reproducible murine model of limited colorectal PM was obtained. Surgery induced PM increases and promoted neo-angiogenesis. Major hepatectomy influence the tumour growth in the late phase after surgery, the extent of extra-peritoneal metastasis and the increase of Ki-67 expression in the remnant liver. CONCLUSIONS This animal model confirms the pro-tumoural and pro-angiogenic role of surgery, laparotomy and major LR, which promotes the increase of angiogenic factors and their participation in PM growth. These results suggest that peritoneal resection should be first step in the case of two-step liver and peritoneal surgery for patients with colorectal PM and LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rea Lo Dico
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
| | | | - Philippe Bonnin
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Department of Functional Exploration, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7-Diderot University, France
| | - Jean Marie Launay
- Department of Biochemistry, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7-Diderot University, France
| | - Rachid Kaci
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Department of Pathology, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7-Diderot University, France
| | - Cynthia Pimpie
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Brice Malgras
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Anthony Dohan
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Department of Radiology, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, France
| | | | - Marc Pocard
- Inserm U965, Carcinomatosis, Angiogenesis and Translational Research (CART), Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris 7-Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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