1
|
Nayaka SN, Jailani AAK, Ghosh A, Roy A, Mandal B. Delivery of progeny virus from the infectious clone of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus and quantification of the viral load in different host plants. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:209. [PMID: 37234077 PMCID: PMC10205951 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV, genus Tobamovirus) is a widely occurring tobamovirus in cucurbits. The genome of CGMMV has been used previously for the expression of foreign genes in the plant. High throughput delivery and high viral titer are important requirements of foreign protein expression in plant through virus genome-based vector, in this study, Agrobacterium containing infectious construct of CGMMV was infiltrated through syringe, vacuum and high-speed spray to N. benthamiana, cucumber and bottle gourd leaves. The success rate of systemic infection of CGMMV agro-construct through all three methods was higher (80-100%) in N. benthamiana compared to the cucurbits (40-73.3%). To determine the high-throughput delivery of CGMMV in the plant system, four delivery methods viz. rubbing, syringe infiltration, vacuum infiltration and high-speed spray using the progeny virus derived through CGMMV agro-construct were compared in the three different plant species. Based on the rate of systemic infection and time required to perform delivery by different methods, vacuum infiltration was found most efficient for the high-throughput delivery of CGMMV. The quantification of CGMMV through qPCR revealed that CGMMV load varied considerably in leaf and fruit tissues depending with the time of infection. Immediately after expression of symptoms, a high load of CGMMV (~ 1 µg/100 mg of tissues) was noticed in young leaves of N. benthamiana and cucumber. In bottle gourd leaves, the CGMMV load was far low compared to N. benthamiana and cucumber plants. In the fruit tissues of cucumber and bottle gourd higher virus load was observed in mature fruit but not in immature fruit. The findings of the present study will serve as an important base line information to produce foreign protein through CGMMV genome-vector. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03630-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Naveen Nayaka
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - A. Abdul Kader Jailani
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amalendu Ghosh
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Bikash Mandal
- Division of Plant Pathology, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Z, Tian Y, Xu C, Xing Y, Yang L, Qian G, Hua X, Gong W, Hu B, Wang L. A Monoclonal Antibody-Based Immunochromatographic Test Strip and Its Application in the Rapid Detection of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:199. [PMID: 36831965 PMCID: PMC9953337 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were screened, and an immunochromatographic strip (ICS) test for rapid and specific detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) was developed. The coat protein of CGMMV was heterologously expressed as an immunogen, and specific capture mAb 2C9 and the detection mAb 4D4 were screened by an uncompetitive immunoassay. The test and control lines on the nitrocellulose membrane were coated with the purified 2C9 and a goat anti-mouse IgG, respectively, and a nanogold probe combined with 4D4 was applied to the conjugate pad. Using these mAbs, a rapid and sensitive ICS was developed. Within the sandwich mode of 2C9-CGMMV-4D4, the test line showed a corresponding positive relationship with CGMMV in infected samples. The ICS test had a detection limit of 1:5000 (w/v) for CGMMV in samples and was specific for CGMMV, with no observed cross-reaction with TMV or CMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Zhao
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanli Tian
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanfei Xing
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guoliang Qian
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiude Hua
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weirong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Baishi Hu
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Phytopathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Çelik A, Emiralioğlu O, Yeken MZ, Çiftçi V, Özer G, Kim Y, Baloch FS, Chung YS. A novel study on bean common mosaic virus accumulation shows disease resistance at the initial stage of infection in Phaseolus vulgaris. Front Genet 2023; 14:1136794. [PMID: 37021006 PMCID: PMC10067576 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1136794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate and early diagnosis of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in Phaseolus vulgaris tissues is critical since the pathogen can spread easily and have long-term detrimental effects on bean production. The use of resistant varieties is a key factor in the management activities of BCMV. The study reported here describes the development and application of a novel SYBR Green-based quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay targeting the coat protein gene to determine the host sensitivity to the specific NL-4 strain of BCMV. The technique showed high specificity, validated by melting curve analysis, without cross-reaction. Further, the symptoms development of twenty advanced common bean genotypes after mechanical BCMV-NL-4 infection was evaluated and compared. The results showed that common bean genotypes exhibit varying levels of host susceptibility to this BCMV strain. The YLV-14 and BRS-22 genotypes were determined as the most resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively, in terms of aggressiveness of symptoms. The accumulation of BCMV was analyzed in the resistant and susceptible genotypes 3, 6, and 9 days following the inoculation by the newly developed qRT-PCR. The mean cycle threshold (Ct) values showed that the viral titer was significantly lower in YLV-14, which was evident in both root and leaf 3 days after the inoculation. The qRT-PCR thus facilitated an accurate, specific, and feasible assessment of BCMV accumulation in bean tissues even in low virus titers, allowing novel clues in selecting resistant genotypes in the early stages of infection, which is critical for disease management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of a successfully performed qRT-PCR to estimate BCMV quantification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Çelik
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
- *Correspondence: Ali Çelik, ; Göksel Özer, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
| | - Orkun Emiralioğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Zahit Yeken
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Vahdettin Çiftçi
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Göksel Özer
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
- *Correspondence: Ali Çelik, ; Göksel Özer, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
| | - Yoonha Kim
- Laboratory of Crop Production, Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Faheem Shehzad Baloch
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Türkiye
- *Correspondence: Ali Çelik, ; Göksel Özer, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Ali Çelik, ; Göksel Özer, ; Faheem Shehzad Baloch, ; Yong Suk Chung,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian Y, Fei J, Luo J, Chen L, Ye J, Du W, Yu C. Development of a reverse-transcription droplet digital PCR method for quantitative detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12643. [PMID: 36865460 PMCID: PMC9970901 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a re-emerging threat to the production of greenhouse cucumber and other Cucurbitaceae crops worldwide. This seed-borne virus can easily spread from a contaminated seed to seedlings and adjacent plants by mechanical contact between the foliage of diseased and healthy plants, causing extensive yield losses. An accurate method for detecting and quantifying this virus is urgently needed to ensure the safety of the global seed trade. Here, we report the development of a reverse-transcription droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (RT-ddPCR)-based method for specific and high-sensitive detection of CGMMV. By testing three primer-probe sets and optimizing reaction conditions, we showed that the newly developed RT-ddPCR method is highly specific and sensitive, with a detection limit of 1 fg/μL (0.39 copy/μL). The sensitivity of the RT-ddPCR method was compared with that of real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) using a series of plasmid dilutions and total RNAs extracted from infected cucumber seeds, and the detection limit of RT-ddPCR was 10 times higher than RT-qPCR with plasmid dilutions and 100 times higher than RT-qPCR for detecting CGMMV from infected cucumber seeds. The RT-ddPCR method was further assessed for detecting CGMMV from a total of 323 samples of Cucurbitaceae seeds, seedlings, and fruits as compared with the RT-qPCR method. We found that the infection rate of CGMMV on symptomatic fruits was as high as 100%, whereas infection rates were lower for seeds and lowest for seedlings. Notably, the results of two methods in detecting CGMMV from different cucurbit tissues showed the high consistency with Kappa value from 0.84 to 1.0, demonstrating that the newly developed RT-ddPCR method is highly reliable and practically useful for large-scale CGMMV detection and quantification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Tian
- Technical Center for Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine of Shanghai Customs District, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jing Fei
- Technical Center for Industrial Product and Raw Material Inspection and Testing, Shanghai Customs District, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jinyan Luo
- Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Technical Center for Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine of Shanghai Customs District, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Wei Du
- Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Cui Yu
- Technical Center for Animal, Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine of Shanghai Customs District, Shanghai 200135, China,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao Z, Xiang J, Tian Q, Zhao W, Zhou T, Zhao L, Zhang Y. Development of one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for rapid simultaneous detection of five RNA viruses and Acidovorax citrulli in major cucurbitaceous crops in China. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:696. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
6
|
Guo H, Bi X, Wang Z, Jiang D, Cai M, An M, Xia Z, Wu Y. Reactive oxygen species-related genes participate in resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus infection regulated by boron in Nicotiana benthamiana and watermelon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027404. [PMID: 36438146 PMCID: PMC9691971 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infection causes acidification and rot of watermelon flesh, resulting in serious economic losses. It is widely reported the interaction relationship between boron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in regulating normal growth and disease resistance in plants. Our previous results demonstrated that exogenous boron could improve watermelon resistance to CGMMV infection. However, the roles of ROS-related genes regulated by boron in resistance to CGMMV infection are unclear. Here, we demonstrated that CGMMV symptoms were alleviated, and viral accumulations were decreased by boron application in Nicotiana benthamiana, indicating that boron contributed to inhibiting CGMMV infection. Meanwhile, we found that a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with inositol biosynthesis, ethylene synthesis, Ca2+ signaling transduction and ROS scavenging system were up-regulated, while many DEGs involved in ABA catabolism, GA signal transduction and ascorbic acid metabolism were down-regulated by boron application under CGMMV infection. Additionally, we individually silenced nine ROS-related genes to explore their anti-CGMMV roles using a tobacco rattle virus (TRV) vector. The results showed that NbCat1, NbGME1, NbGGP and NbPrx Q were required for CGMMV infection, while NbGST and NbIPS played roles in resistance to CGMMV infection. The similar results were obtained in watermelon by silencing of ClCat, ClPrx or ClGST expression using a pV190 vector. This study proposed a new strategy for improving plant resistance to CGMMV infection by boron-regulated ROS pathway and provided several target genes for watermelon disease resistance breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Guo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyue Bi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Green Agricultural Technology Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Green Agricultural Technology Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengnan An
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zihao Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rapid Quantification of Infectious Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in Watermelon Tissues by PMA Coupled with RT-qPCR. Viruses 2022; 14:v14092046. [PMID: 36146852 PMCID: PMC9506375 DOI: 10.3390/v14092046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) belongs to the Tobamovirus genus and is an important quarantine virus of cucurbit crops. Seedborne transmission is one of the principal modes for CGMMV spread, and effective early detection is helpful to prevent the occurrence of the disease. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is a sensitive and rapid method for detecting CGMMV nucleic acids, but it cannot distinguish between infectious and noninfectious viruses. In the present work, a propidium monoazide (PMA) assisted RT-qPCR method (PMA-RT-qPCR) was developed to rapidly distinguish infectious and inactive CGMMV. PMA is a photoactive dye that can selectively react with viral RNA released or inside inactive CGMMV virions but not viral RNA inside active virions. The formation of PMA-RNA conjugates prevents PCR amplification, leaving only infectious virions to be amplified. The primer pair cp3-1F/cp3-1R was designed based on the coat protein (cp) gene for specific amplification of CGMMV RNA by RT-qPCR. The detection limit of the RT-qPCR assay was 1.57 × 102 copies·μL−1. PMA at 120 μmol·L−1 was suitable for the selective quantification of infectious CGMMV virions. Under optimal conditions, RT-qPCR detection of heat-inactivated CGMMV resulted in Ct value differences larger than 16 between PMA-treated and non-PMA-treated groups, while Ct differences less than 0.23 were observed in the detection of infectious CGMMV. For naturally contaminated watermelon leaf, fruit and seedlot samples, infectious CGMMV were quantified in 13 out of the 22 samples, with infestation levels of 102~105 copies·g−1. Application of this assay enabled the selective detection of infectious CGMMV and facilitated the monitoring of the viral pathogen in watermelon seeds and tissues, which could be useful for avoiding the potential risks of primary inoculum sources.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pitman TL, Vu S, Tian T, Posis K, Falk BW. Genome and Phylogenetic Analysis of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Global Isolates and Validation of a Highly Sensitive RT-qPCR Assay. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:1713-1722. [PMID: 35134301 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-21-2263-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have seen exponential growth in the international movement of seeds for annual food crops, from a gross U.S. import value of $349 million in 1999 to $1.05 billion in 2019. This has led to the proportionate growth of seedborne pathogens dispersed with seed stocks. One such viral pathogen is cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a tobamovirus that infects cucurbit crops such as melon, watermelon, cucumber, pumpkin, and squash. The first CGMMV introduction to California occurred in 2013, with subsequent annual outbreaks or detections since then. Here, we describe the use of next-generation sequencing to characterize the full genomes of 25 CGMMV isolates collected between 2013 and 2020 in California, either from CGMMV field detections or seed lots identified as CGMMV positive. We sequenced an additional 31 CGMMV isolates collected in Europe, Israel, and southeast Asia that were provided by industry collaborators. We also performed an in silico nucleotide database search in GenBank for full genome CGMMV sequences to include in all in silico analyses. Based on conserved regions within the coat protein gene, we then developed a quantitative reverse-transcription PCR assay for the sensitive and specific detection of CGMMV in seed and plant samples. Finally, based on our sequence and phylogenetic analysis, our data support that CGMMV has been introduced multiple times into California.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Pitman
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - S Vu
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - T Tian
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA 95832
| | - K Posis
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA 95832
| | - B W Falk
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Asad Z, Ashfaq M, Iqbal N, Muhammad Usman Aslam H, Riaz H, Hameed A, Parvaiz F, Sadiq N, Ali Khan K, Ahmad Z. Genetic Diversity of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV) Infecting Cucurbits. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:3577-3585. [PMID: 35844387 PMCID: PMC9280310 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a well-known Tobamovirus, infects cucurbits across the globe. To determine its current status, molecular characterization, genetic recombination, gene flow and selection pressure, 10 districts from Punjab province of Pakistan were surveyed and a total of 2561 cucurbits samples were collected during 2019–2020. These samples were subjected to virus-specific double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the detection of CGMMV. The results revealed that viral disease was prevalent in all surveyed districts of Punjab with an overall 25.69% disease incidence. ELISA positive samples were further confirmed through RT-PCR and sequencing of coat protein (CP) cistron. Sequence analysis showed that the present studied CGMMV isolates have 96–99.5% nucleotide and 94.40–99.50% amino acid identities with those already available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed that understudied isolates were closely related with South Korean (AB369274) and Japanese (V01551) isolates and clustered in a separate clad. Sequence polymorphisms were observed in 663 bp of sequence within 31 CGMMV isolates covering complete CP gene. Total number of sites were 662, of which 610 and 52 sites were monomorphic and polymorphic (segregating), respectively. Of these polymorphic, 24 were singleton variable and 28 were parsimony informative. Overall nucleotide diversity (π) in all the understudied 31 isolates was 0.00010 while a total of 1 InDel event was observed and InDel Diversity (k) was 0.065. Haplotype diversity analysis revealed that there was a total 29 haplotypes with haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.993458 in all the 31 isolates which provide evidence of less diversity among Pakistani isolates. The statistical analysis revealed the values 2.568, 5.31304 and 4.86698 of Tajima's D, Fu, & Li’s F* and D*, respectively, which witnessed the population of CGMMV was under balanced selection pressure.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yasui M, Iso H, Torii S, Matsui Y, Katayama H. Applicability of pepper mild mottle virus and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus as process indicators of enteric virus removal by membrane processes at a potable reuse facility. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117735. [PMID: 34673461 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of wastewater for potable reuse is increasingly becoming a suitable alternative water source to meet the growing urban water needs worldwide. Potable reuse requires reduction of enteric viruses to levels at which they do not pose a risk to human health. Advanced water treatment trains (e.g., microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), reverse osmosis (RO), and ultraviolet light and advanced oxidation process (UV/AOP)) provide significant protection and reduce virus loads in highly treated final product waters. Even though viruses are a principal concern, the performance of virus removal by membrane processes is not easily determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Aichi virus (AiV), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), and cross-assembly phage (crAssphage) removal as possible process indicators for MF, UF, and RO. Virus log reduction values (LRVs) based on gene copies measured using molecular methods were determined for MF and UF. The median LRVs of all viruses obtained after MF and UF were 2.9 and 3.1, respectively. The LRVs of the proposed indicators were lower than those of human enteric viruses. The morphological and physicochemical difference among indicators was not found to affect LRVs. Therefore, all proposed indicator viruses were determined to be suitable candidates as process indicators for MF and UF. Regarding RO, most of the viruses measured in this study were undetectable in permeate. Only PMMoV and CGMMV were detected showing median LRVs of 2.8 and 2.5, respectively. PMMoV and CGMMV are recommended as good process indicators of physical virus removal for the overall water treatment process.
Collapse
Key Words
- AIV, aichi virus
- Abbreviation: MF, microfiltration
- AdV, adenovirus
- CGMMV, cucumber green mottle mosaic virus
- Crassphage, cross-assembly phage
- EF, effluent
- Human enteric virus
- LRV, log reduction value
- MME, molecular method efficiencies
- MNV, Murine Norovirus
- MPC, molecular process control
- Microfiltration
- NV GI, norovirus GI
- NV GII, norovirus GII
- ORSV, Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus
- PCE, primary concentration efficiency
- PMMOV, pepper mild mottle virus
- Process indicator
- RO, reverse osmosis
- Reverse osmosis
- UF, ultrafiltration
- UV/AOP, ultraviolet light and advanced oxidation process
- Ultrafiltration
- Water reuse
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Midori Yasui
- Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Iso
- Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shotaro Torii
- Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kwon SJ, Cho YE, Kim MH, Seo JK. A one-step reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay optimized for the direct detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in cucurbit seeds. Mol Cell Probes 2021; 60:101775. [PMID: 34673202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2021.101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a seed-borne virus that causes significant economic losses in farms cultivating cucurbit plants. With the increase in global trade of cucurbit seeds, it is essential to develop a rapid, reliable, and convenient diagnostic method for the direct detection of CGMMV in these seeds for prevention and management of the disease. Here, we developed a one-step reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the direct detection of CGMMV in cucurbit seeds. To improve the efficiency of the one-step RT-LAMP assay, six primers were designed to target the most conserved regions of the gene encoding the movement protein of CGMMV. Our one-step RT-LAMP assay was optimized to improve specificity and sensitivity for CGMMV detection in individual seeds. A comparison of the detection sensitivity revealed that our one-step RT-LAMP assay was 100-fold more sensitive than the current reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay used for CGMMV quarantine in Korea. Collectively, the one-step RT-LAMP assay developed in the present study is appropriate for the direct detection of CGMMV in individual cucurbit seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Jung Kwon
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hwi Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Kyun Seo
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Watermelon Fruits in Response to Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072541. [PMID: 32268502 PMCID: PMC7178218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is an important viral pathogen on cucurbit plants worldwide, which can cause severe fruit decay symptoms on infected watermelon (usually called “watermelon blood flesh”). However, the molecular mechanism of this disease has not been well understood. In this study, we employed the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique to analyze the proteomic profiles of watermelon fruits in response to CGMMV infection. A total of 595 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified, of which 404 were upregulated and 191 were downregulated. Functional annotation analysis showed that these DAPs were mainly involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, plant–pathogen interaction, and protein synthesis and turnover. The accumulation levels of several proteins related to chlorophyll metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle, heat shock proteins, thioredoxins, ribosomal proteins, translation initiation factors, and elongation factors were strongly affected by CGMMV infection. Furthermore, a correlation analysis was performed between CGMMV-responsive proteome and transcriptome data of watermelon fruits obtained in our previous study, which could contribute to comprehensively elucidating the molecular mechanism of “watermelon blood flesh”. To confirm the iTRAQ-based proteome data, the corresponding transcripts of ten DAPs were validated by determining their abundance via quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These results could provide a scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying CGMMV-induced “watermelon blood flesh”, and lay the foundation for further functional exploration and verification of related genes and proteins.
Collapse
|
13
|
Rubio L, Galipienso L, Ferriol I. Detection of Plant Viruses and Disease Management: Relevance of Genetic Diversity and Evolution. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1092. [PMID: 32765569 PMCID: PMC7380168 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses cause considerable economic losses and are a threat for sustainable agriculture. The frequent emergence of new viral diseases is mainly due to international trade, climate change, and the ability of viruses for rapid evolution. Disease control is based on two strategies: i) immunization (genetic resistance obtained by plant breeding, plant transformation, cross-protection, or others), and ii) prophylaxis to restrain virus dispersion (using quarantine, certification, removal of infected plants, control of natural vectors, or other procedures). Disease management relies strongly on a fast and accurate identification of the causal agent. For known viruses, diagnosis consists in assigning a virus infecting a plant sample to a group of viruses sharing common characteristics, which is usually referred to as species. However, the specificity of diagnosis can also reach higher taxonomic levels, as genus or family, or lower levels, as strain or variant. Diagnostic procedures must be optimized for accuracy by detecting the maximum number of members within the group (sensitivity as the true positive rate) and distinguishing them from outgroup viruses (specificity as the true negative rate). This requires information on the genetic relationships within-group and with members of other groups. The influence of the genetic diversity of virus populations in diagnosis and disease management is well documented, but information on how to integrate the genetic diversity in the detection methods is still scarce. Here we review the techniques used for plant virus diagnosis and disease control, including characteristics such as accuracy, detection level, multiplexing, quantification, portability, and designability. The effect of genetic diversity and evolution of plant viruses in the design and performance of some detection and disease control techniques are also discussed. High-throughput or next-generation sequencing provides broad-spectrum and accurate identification of viruses enabling multiplex detection, quantification, and the discovery of new viruses. Likely, this technique will be the future standard in diagnostics as its cost will be dropping and becoming more affordable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Rubio
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnology, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Luis Rubio,
| | - Luis Galipienso
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnology, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ferriol
- Plant Responses to Stress Programme, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG-CSIC_UAB-UB) Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sui X, Li R, Shamimuzzaman M, Wu Z, Ling KS. Understanding the Transmissibility of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus in Watermelon Seeds and Seed Health Assays. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:1126-1131. [PMID: 30995423 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-18-1787-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), an emerging tobamovirus, has caused serious disease outbreaks to cucurbit crops in several countries, including the United States. Although CGMMV is seed-borne, the mechanism of its transmission from a contaminated seed to germinating seedling is still not fully understood, and the most suitable seed health assay method has not been well established. To evaluate the mechanism of seed transmissibility, using highly contaminated watermelon seeds collected from CGMMV-infected experimental plants, bioassays were conducted in a greenhouse through seedling grow-out and by mechanical inoculation. Through natural seedling grow-out, we did not observe seed transmission of CGMMV to germinating seedlings. However, efficient transmission of CGMMV was observed using bioassays on melon plants through mechanical inoculation of seed extract prepared from CGMMV-contaminated seeds. Understanding the seed-borne property and the ease of mechanical transmission of CGMMV from a contaminated seed to seedling is an important finding. In comparative evaluation of various laboratory techniques for seed health assays, we found that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and loop-mediated isothermal amplification were the most sensitive and reliable methods to detect CGMMV on cucurbit seeds. Because CGMMV is a seed-borne and highly contagious virus, a new infection might not result in a natural seedling grow-out; it could occur through mechanical transmission from contaminated seeds. Therefore, a sensitive seed health test is necessary to ensure CGMMV-free seed lots are used for planting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Sui
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; and
- 2 U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Rugang Li
- 2 U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Md Shamimuzzaman
- 2 U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Zujian Wu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; and
| | - Kai-Shu Ling
- 2 U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiao Y, Jiang J, Wu Y, Xia Z. Rapid detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in watermelon through a recombinase polymerase amplification assay. J Virol Methods 2019; 270:146-149. [PMID: 31136756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a member of the genus Tobamovirus, is an important quarantine plant virus worldwide, and often causes seriously damages to productions of watermelon, melon, cucumber and other cucurbit crops. In this study, we developed a novel isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique for detection of CGMMV in watermelon samples. A pair of CGMMV specific RPA primers was prepared based on the conserved CGMMV coat protein gene sequences. The result showed that this RPA detection method can be performed at 38 °C and completed in about 30 min, and there was no cross-reactivity with other common cucurbit viruses. Sensitivity assay showed that this RPA method was more sensitive compared with the regular RT-PCR. Using field-collected watermelon tissue samples, we have demonstrated that this newly developed method is rapid, easy to use and reliable for CGMMV detection, especially in resource-limited laboratories or on-site facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Jiao
- College of plant protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Junyun Jiang
- College of plant protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- College of plant protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Zihao Xia
- College of plant protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Visual Detection of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Based on Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Coupled with DNAzymes Amplification. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19061298. [PMID: 30875853 PMCID: PMC6471243 DOI: 10.3390/s19061298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, and sensitive visual detection method for observing cucumber green mottle mosaic virus was reported based on the template-independent polymerization activity of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), coupled with the cascade amplification of Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme and hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme. Briefly, the hybridized dsDNA of T1/P1 was cut into two parts at its position of 5′-AA↓CG↑TT-3′ by the restricted enzyme AcII. The longer, newborn fragment originating from P1 was tailed at its 3’-end by oligo dG, and an intact enzymatic sequence of Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme was generated. The substrate sequence in the loop segment of the hairpin probe (HP) hybridized with the newborn enzymatic sequence and was cleaved into two parts in the presence of Mg2+. The locked G-quadruplex sequence in the stem segment of the HP was released, which catalyzed the oxidation of ABTS2- in the presence of H2O2, and the resulting solution turned green. A correlation between the absorbance and concentration of T1 was obtained in a range from 0.1 pM to 2 nM, with a detection limit of 0.1 pM. In addition to promoting a lower detection limit and shorter monitoring time, this method also demonstrated an excellent selectivity to single or double nucleotide changes. Therefore, the designed strategy provided a rapid and efficient platform for viral inspection and plant protection.
Collapse
|
17
|
Li X, An M, Xia Z, Bai X, Wu Y. Transcriptome analysis of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruits in response to Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16747. [PMID: 29196660 PMCID: PMC5711961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) belongs to the Tobamovirus genus and is a major global plant virus on cucurbit plants. It causes severe disease symptoms on infected watermelon plants (Citrullus lanatus), particularly inducing fruit decay. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of CGMMV-induced watermelon fruit decay. For this study, comparative analysis of transcriptome profiles of CGMMV-inoculated and mock-inoculated watermelon fruits were conducted via RNA-Seq. A total of 1,621 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in CGMMV-inoculated watermelon, among which 1,052 were up-regulated and 569 were down-regulated. Functional annotation analysis showed that several DEGs were involved in carbohydrate metabolism, hormone biosynthesis and signaling transduction, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interactions. We furthermore found that some DEGs were related to cell wall components and photosynthesis, which may directly be involve in the development of the symptoms associated with diseased watermelons. To confirm the RNA-Seq data, 15 DEGs were selected for gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR. The results showed a strong correlation between these two sets of data. Our study identified many candidate genes for further functional studies during CGMMV-watermelon interactions, and will furthermore help to clarify the understanding of pathogenic mechanism underlying CGMMV infection in cucurbit plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Plant Virus Laboratory of Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Mengnan An
- Plant Virus Laboratory of Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zihao Xia
- Plant Virus Laboratory of Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaojiao Bai
- Plant Virus Laboratory of Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Plant Virus Laboratory of Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang L, Liu Z, Xia X, Yang C, Huang J, Wan S. Colorimetric detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus using unmodified gold nanoparticles as colorimetric probes. J Virol Methods 2017; 243:113-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
19
|
Shargil D, Zemach H, Belausov E, Lachman O, Kamenetsky R, Dombrovsky A. Development of a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique for visualizing CGMMV in plant tissues. J Virol Methods 2015; 223:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
20
|
Comparison of three magnetic-bead-based RNA extraction methods for detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by real-time RT-PCR. Arch Virol 2015; 160:1791-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
21
|
Su Y, Wang S, Guo J, Xue B, Xu L, Que Y. A TaqMan real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of Sporisorium scitamineum in sugarcane. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:942682. [PMID: 24228020 PMCID: PMC3819024 DOI: 10.1155/2013/942682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporisorium scitamineum is a fungal smut pathogen epidemic in sugarcane producing areas. Early detection and proper identification of the smut are an essential requirement in its management practice. In this study, we developed a TaqMan real-time PCR assay using specific primers (bEQ-F/bEQ-R) and a TaqMan probe (bEQ-P) which were designed based on the bE (b East mating type) gene (Genbank Accession no. U61290.1). This method was more sensitive (a detection limit of 10 ag pbE DNA and 0.8 ng sugarcane genomic DNA) than that of conventional PCR (10 fg and 100 ng, resp.). Reliability was demonstrated through the positive detection of samples collected from artificially inoculated sugarcane plantlets (FN40). This assay was capable of detecting the smut pathogen at the initial stage (12 h) of infection and suitable for inspection of sugarcane pathogen-free seed cane and seedlings. Furthermore, quantification of pathogen was verified in pathogen-challenged buds in different sugarcane genotypes, which suggested its feasibility for evaluation of smut resistance in different sugarcane genotypes. Taken together, this novel assay can be used as a diagnostic tool for sensitive, accurate, fast, and quantitative detection of the smut pathogen especially for asymptomatic seed cane or plants and evaluation of smut resistance of sugarcane genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinlong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bantong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li JY, Wei QW, Liu Y, Tan XQ, Zhang WN, Wu JY, Charimbu MK, Hu BS, Cheng ZB, Yu C, Tao XR. One-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the rapid detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. J Virol Methods 2013; 193:583-8. [PMID: 23933076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) has caused serious damage to Cucurbitaceae crops worldwide. The virus is considered one of the most serious Cucurbitaceae quarantine causes in many countries. In this study, a highly efficient and practical one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was developed for the detection of CGMMV. The total RNA or crude RNA extracted from watermelon plants or seeds could be detected easily by this RT-LAMP assay. The RT-LAMP assay was conducted in isothermal (63°C) conditions within 1h. The amplified products of CGMMV could be detected as ladder-like bands using agarose gel electrophoresis or visualized in-tube under UV light with the addition of a fluorescent dye. The RT-LAMP amplification was specific to CGMMV, as no cross-reaction was observed with other viruses. The RT-LAMP assay was 100-fold more sensitive than that of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This is the first report of the application of the RT-LAMP assay to detect CGMMV. The sensitive, specific and rapid RT-LAMP assay developed in this study can be applied widely in laboratories, the field and quarantine surveillance of CGMMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Monoclonal antibody-based serological methods for detection of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. Virol J 2011; 8:228. [PMID: 21569615 PMCID: PMC3113305 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a member of the genus Tobamovirus, can be transmitted by seeds and infects many cucurbit species, causing serious yield losses in cucumber and watermelon plants. In this paper, five serological methods including antigen-coated plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ACP-ELISA), triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA), Dot-immunobinding assay (DBIA), direct tissue blot immunoassay (DTBIA) and immunocapture reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) were described for detection and diagnosis of CGMMV. Results Using the purified CGMMV particles as immunogens, six murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced. Five serological methods were established using the MAb 4H1 and detection sensitivity was compared using purified preparations and infected-plant tissue extracts. The detection sensitivity of ACP-ELISA was 0.16 ng of purified CGMMV, whereas TAS-ELISA was more sensitive than ACP-ELISA with a minimum detection of 0.04 ng of purified CGMMV. The sensitivities of TAS-ELISA and DBIA were similar for detecting CGMMV in infected-plant tissue extracts, and were four times higher than ACP-ELISA. The IC-RT-PCR was the most sensitive method, which could detect as little as 0.1 pg of purified virus. The detection sensitivity of IC-RT-PCR for CGMMV-infected plant tissues was about 400 times higher than that of TAS-ELISA and DBIA. Conclusions The established ACP-ELISA, TAS-ELISA, DBIA and DTBIA are suitable for routine CGMMV detection of large-scale samples in the field survey, while IC-RT-PCR is more sensitive and suitable for acquiring information about the viral genome.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang Y, Zhao W, Li M, Chen H, Zhu S, Fan Z. Real-time TaqMan RT-PCR for detection of maize chlorotic mottle virus in maize seeds. J Virol Methods 2010; 171:292-4. [PMID: 21073900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) causes corn lethal necrosis disease, and can be transmitted through infected maize seeds. It remains a challenge to detect this virus in the seeds to prevent its introduction and infection. For this purpose, a real-time TaqMan RT-PCR procedure for efficient detection of MCMV was developed. The sensitivity of the method was 4 fg of total RNA or 25 copies of RNA transcripts, which was approximately ten-fold higher than conventional RT-PCR gel electrophoresis method. The successful detection of MCMV in maize seeds suggested the feasibility of this procedure for routine testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology and Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|