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Xiang H, Wen X, Wen Y, Zhang H, Cao S, Huang X, Wu R, Zhao Q. Development and application of a visual microarray for synchronously detecting H5N1, H7N9 and H9N2 avian influenza virus RNA. J Virol Methods 2021; 301:114371. [PMID: 34808230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a microarray assay for the simultaneous detection of the H5, H7, H9, N1, N9 and N2 genes of the avian influenza virus (AIV) using a Nanogold-streptavidin and silver-stain-enhanced nucleic acid dot-blot hybridisation system. The conserved sequences of H5 genes from H5N1, H7 genes from H7N9, H9 genes from H9N2, N9 genes from H7N9 and N2 genes from H9N2 AIV were cloned, together with that of N1 obtained commercially, and were used as templates for generating the probes using biotin-labeled primers, which targeted the conserved regions of H5, H7, H9, N1, N9 and N2 genes, respectively. The oligonucleotide probes were diluted using the spotting buffer and ddH2O, and each probe was then spotted to each specific position on the microarray. The PCR products including biotin-labeled lambda, NP, H5, H7, H9, N1, N9 and N2 were mixed, 200 μL of which was then added to the microarray chamber after denaturing. Following a hybridization incubation at 45℃ for 120 min, the microarray was then incubated with nanogold-streptavidin about 4 μg/mL for 30 min. After the supplementary of 200 μL of silver buffer A and silver buffer B in the chamber, the hybridization results were assessed by direct visualization in the dark at room temperature. The microarray assay was optimized and its specificity, sensitivity and stability were evaluated. The optimal conditions comprised a probe concentration of 50 μmol/L, a hybridization temperature of 45℃ and a hybridization time of 2 h. The optimal concentration of nanogold-streptavidin was 4 μg/mL and the optimal staining time was 7 min. The results of specificity evaluation showed that no cross-binding of the probes with each other and no cross-hybridization with Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus and infectious laryngotracheitis virus was observed. The optimized microarray assay was significantly more sensitivity than the reverse-transcription PCR assay. The microarray was available after storing at less 90 d at 4 ℃. The optimized microarray assay was validated on clinical specimens and the results showed that it had over 95.6% correlation with reverse-transcription PCR method. Therefore, the microarray assay could be used for the high throughput detection of AIV infections due to H5N1, H7N9 and H9N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xintian Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Yiping Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Huanrong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Sanjie Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Qin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Arruda PHE, Stevenson GW, Killian ML, Burrough ER, Gauger PC, Harmon KM, Magstadt DR, Yoon KJ, Zhang J, Madson DM, Piñeyro P, Derscheid RJ, Schwartz KJ, Cooper VL, Halbur PG, Main RG, Sato Y, Arruda BL. Outbreak of H5N2 highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus infection in two commercial layer facilities: lesions and viral antigen distribution. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 28:568-73. [PMID: 27423731 DOI: 10.1177/1040638716658929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The largest outbreak of highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus (HPAIV) infection in U.S. history began in December 2014 resulting in the euthanasia of millions of birds and collateral economic consequences to the U.S. poultry industry. We describe 2 cases of H5N2 HPAIV infection in laying hens in Iowa. Following a sharp increase in mortality with minimal clinical signs, 15 dead birds, from 2 unrelated farms, were submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Common lesions included diffuse edema and multifocal hemorrhage of the comb, catarrhal exudate in the oropharynx, and multifocal tracheal hemorrhage. Less common lesions included epicardial petechiae, splenic hemorrhage, and pancreatic necrosis. Influenza A virus nucleoprotein was detected by immunohistochemistry in multiple cell types including ependymal cells, the choroid plexus, neurons, respiratory epithelium and macrophages in the lung, cardiac myocytes, endothelial cells, necrotic foci in the spleen, Kupffer cells in the liver, and necrotic acinar cells in the pancreas. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and sequencing confirmed H5N2 HPAIV with molecular characteristics similar to other contemporary U.S. H5N2 HPAIVs in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo H E Arruda
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Gregory W Stevenson
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Mary L Killian
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Eric R Burrough
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Phillip C Gauger
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Karen M Harmon
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Drew R Magstadt
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Kyoung-Jin Yoon
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Darin M Madson
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Rachel J Derscheid
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Kent J Schwartz
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Vickie L Cooper
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Patrick G Halbur
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Rodger G Main
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Yuko Sato
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
| | - Bailey L Arruda
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (Arruda, Stevenson, Burrough, Gauger, Harmon, Magstadt, Yoon, Zhang, Madson, Piñeyro, Derscheid, Schwartz, Cooper, Halbur, Main, Sato, Arruda)U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA (Killian)
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