1
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Miyaoka Y, Kadota C, Kabir MH, Hakim H, Yamaguchi M, Hasan MA, Shoham D, Murakami H, Kobayashi S, Takehara K. Isolation, molecular characterization, and disinfectants susceptibility of swine-carried mammalian orthoreoviruses in Japan in 2020-2022. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:185-193. [PMID: 36574999 PMCID: PMC10017281 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosecurity enhancement contributes to the reduction of various microbial pathogens. Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) which are increasingly recognized as potentially serious problems on swine industry were used as indicators of biosecurity enhancement on two pig farms. Twelve MRVs were detected and isolated from fecal specimens of healthy pigs collected from one of the two farms in Japan. By sequencing based on the partial S1 gene, MRV isolates were classified as MRV1 and MRV2. Additionally, the virucidal activities of disinfectants toward the isolated MRV1 were evaluated using quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) diluted 500 times with water (QAC-500), 0.17% food additive glade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) solution, QAC diluted with 0.17% FdCa(OH)2 solution (Mix-500), sodium hypochlorite at 100 or 1,000 parts per million (ppm) of total chlorine (NaClO-100 or NaClO-1000, respectively). To efficiently inactivate MRV1 (≥3 log10 reductions), 0.17% FdCa(OH)2, Mix-500 and NaClO-1000 required 5 min, whereas it took 30 min for QAC-500. The number of MRV detections has decreased over time, after using Mix-500 for disinfection on the positive farm. These results suggest that different serotypes of MRVs are circulating among pigs, and that the occurrence of MRVs in the farms decreased consequent to more effective disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Miyaoka
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisaki Kadota
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md Humayun Kabir
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hakimullah Hakim
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md Amirul Hasan
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dany Shoham
- Bar-Ilan University, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Harumi Murakami
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sota Kobayashi
- Division of Zoonosis Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takehara
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Kabir MH, Miyaoka Y, Hasan MA, Yamaguchi M, Shoham D, Murakami H, Takehara K. Synergistic effects of quaternary ammonium compounds and food additive grade calcium hydroxide on microbicidal activities at low temperatures. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1820-1825. [PMID: 34719533 PMCID: PMC8762418 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbicidal activities of mixtures of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and food
additive grade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) were evaluated in a suspension
test at −20°C using an anti-freeze agent (AFA) containing methanol, or at 1°C, with
varying contact time, toward avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV),
fowl adenovirus (FAdV), avian reovirus (ARV), Salmonella Infantis (SI)
and Escherichia coli (EC). At −20°C, the mixtures could inactivate AIV
and NDV within 30 min, FAdV and ARV within 5 sec, and SI and EC within 3 min,
respectively. AFA did not inactivate viruses and bacteria within 30 min and 10 min,
respectively. At 1°C, the mixtures inactivated FAdV and ARV within 30 sec, AIV within 10
min, and NDV within 30 min. A mixture of slaked lime (SL) and QAC could inactivate FAdV
and ARV within 30 sec, but could not inactivate AIV and NDV even after 60 min at 1°C. SL
could not substitute FdCa(OH)2 in order to exert the synergistic effects with
QAC. Thus, QACs microbicidal activities were maintained or enhanced by adding
FdCa(OH)2. It is hence recommended to use QACs with FdCa(OH)2,
especially in the winter season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Humayun Kabir
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yu Miyaoka
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Md Amirul Hasan
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Dany Shoham
- Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Harumi Murakami
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takehara
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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3
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O'Brien B, Goodridge L, Ronholm J, Nasheri N. Exploring the potential of foodborne transmission of respiratory viruses. Food Microbiol 2021; 95:103709. [PMID: 33397626 PMCID: PMC8035669 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic involving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised the question whether this virus, which is known to be spread primarily though respiratory droplets, could be spread through the fecal-oral route or via contaminated food. In this article, we present a critical review of the literature exploring the potential foodborne transmission of several respiratory viruses including human coronaviruses, avian influenza virus (AVI), parainfluenza viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, and Nipah virus. Multiple lines of evidence, including documented expression of receptor proteins on gastrointestinal epithelial cells, in vivo viral replication in gastrointestinal epithelial cell lines, extended fecal shedding of respiratory viruses, and the ability to remain infectious in food environments for extended periods of time raises the theoretical ability of some human respiratory viruses, particularly human coronaviruses and AVI, to spread via food. However, to date, neither epidemiological data nor case reports of clear foodborne transmission of either viruses exist. Thus, foodborne transmission of human respiratory viruses remains only a theoretical possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget O'Brien
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer Ronholm
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Neda Nasheri
- Food Virology Laboratory, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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4
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Ramani R, Laplante JM, Church TM, Farrell GM, Lamson DM, St George K. CACO-2 cells: A continuous cell line with sensitive and broad-spectrum utility for respiratory virus culture. J Virol Methods 2021; 293:114120. [PMID: 33676967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary rhesus monkey kidney cells (RhMK) can be used for the detection of respiratory viruses, including influenza and parainfluenza. The human colon adeno-carcinoma cell line, CACO-2, has been previously used for the growth of multiple influenza viruses, including seasonal, novel and avian lineages. OBJECTIVE We compared CACO-2, Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK), and RhMK cells for the isolation of viruses from patients presenting with influenza like-illness (ILI). STUDY DESIGN Nasopharyngeal specimens from patients with ILI in primary care settings were processed for conventional viral culture in MDCK, RhMK, and CACO-2. Cells were examined microscopically for cytopathic effect (CPE) and confirmatory testing included immunofluorescent antigen (IFA) detection and real-time RT-PCR. Additionally, 16 specimens positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by PCR were inoculated on CACO-2 cells. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test with IBM Statistical Program. RESULTS Of 1031 respiratory specimens inoculated, viruses were isolated and confirmed from 331 (32.1 %) in MDCK cells, 304 (29.5 %) in RhMk cells, and 433 (42.0 %) in CACO-2 cells. These included influenza A/(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H3N2), influenza B, parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1, 2, and 3, human coronavirus 229E (CoV-229E), human adenovirus (HAdV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV 1), and enterovirus (EV). Influenza A viruses grew best in the CACO-2 cell line. Time to observation of CPE was similar for all three cell types but unlike RhMK and MDCK cells, virus-specific morphological changes were indistinguishable in CACO-2 cells. None of the 16 specimens positive for RSV by PCR grew on CACO-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS The overall respiratory virus culture isolation rate in CACO-2 cells was significantly higher than that in RhMK or MDCK cells (p < 0.05). CACO-2 cells also supported the growth of some viruses that did not grow in either RhMK or MDCK cells. Except for RSV, CACO-2 cells provide a worthwhile addition to culture algorithms for respiratory specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Ramani
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Daryl M Lamson
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
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5
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Tunterak W, Ninvilai P, Tuanudom R, Prakairungnamthip D, Oraveerakul K, Amonsin A, Thontiravong A. Evaluation of host systems for efficient isolation and propagation of duck Tembusu virus. Avian Pathol 2020; 50:124-131. [PMID: 33146547 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2020.1845301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several phylogenetic clusters of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) that caused outbreaks in ducks in Asia have been identified since its emergence in 2010, highlighting the need for an efficient host system that can support isolation of all circulating phylogenetic clusters of DTMUV. In this study, various host systems, including different avian embryonated eggs (duck and chicken) and cell cultures (primary duck embryo fibroblast (DEF), primary chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF), baby hamster kidney (BHK-21), African green monkey kidney (Vero) and Aedes albopictus clone C6/36 (C6/36) cells), were evaluated and compared for their ability to support DTMUV isolation and propagation. Our results showed that all host systems were susceptible to DTMUV infection; however, BHK-21 and primary DEF cells supported more efficient replication of DTMUV compared to the other host systems. BHK-21 cells had the highest DTMUV isolation rate when tested with experimental and field clinical samples. All circulating phylogenetic clusters of DTMUV, including clusters 1, 2 and 3, were successfully isolated from duck clinical samples using BHK-21 cells. In conclusion, our findings supported the use of BHK-21 cells as a host system for primary isolation of all circulating phylogenetic clusters of DTMUV from duck clinical samples. This study highlights the importance of selecting the most appropriate host system for efficient isolation and propagation of DTMUV from duck clinical samples.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS DTMUV replicated more efficiently in BHK-21 and primary DEF cells than in other host systems tested.BHK-21 cells had the highest DTMUV isolation rate.All DTMUV phylogenetic clusters were successfully isolated from the samples using BHK-21 cells.BHK-21 cells were the most efficient host system for DTMUV isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wikanda Tunterak
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patchareeporn Ninvilai
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Avian Veterinary Services, CPF (Thailand) Public Company Limited, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ranida Tuanudom
- Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Preclinical Science Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Bangkok Thonburi University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangduean Prakairungnamthip
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanisak Oraveerakul
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alongkorn Amonsin
- Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aunyaratana Thontiravong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Animals (CUEIDAs), Center of Excellence, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Animal Vector-Borne Disease Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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6
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Ito M, Alam MS, Suzuki M, Takahashi S, Komura M, Sangsriratakul N, Shoham D, Takehara K. Virucidal activity of a quaternary ammonium compound associated with calcium hydroxide on avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal disease virus. J Vet Med Sci 2018. [PMID: 29540633 PMCID: PMC5938181 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) was evaluated for its virucidal efficacies with food
additive grade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2). When the QAC was diluted 1:500
(QACx500) with redistilled water (dW2), it inactivated avian influenza virus
(AIV) within 30 sec at 25°C, while at 2°C, it required 1 hr for inactivation. When
FdCa(OH)2 powder was added to QACx500 at a final concentration of 0.17%, the
mixture, namely Mix500, inactivated AIV within 3 min at 2°C. After contamination with 1%
fetal bovine serum (FBS), Mix500 inactivated AIV within 2 hr at 2°C, but QACx500 did not.
These results indicate synergistic effects of the QAC and FdCa(OH)2 solutions
on virucidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Ito
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Md Shahin Alam
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mayuko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Miyuki Komura
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Natthanan Sangsriratakul
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Dany Shoham
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,Bar-Ilan University, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Kazuaki Takehara
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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7
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Huang L, Hou Q, Ye L, Yang Q, Yu Q. Crosstalk between H9N2 avian influenza virus and crypt-derived intestinal organoids. Vet Res 2017; 48:71. [PMID: 29096712 PMCID: PMC5667514 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-017-0478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of Avian influenza virus via animal feces makes the virus difficult to prevent, which causes great threat to human health. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the survival and invasion mechanism of H9N2 virus in the intestinal mucosa. In this study, we used mouse threedimensional intestinal organoids that contained intestinal crypts and villi differentiated from intestinal stem cells to explore interactions between H9N2 avian influenza virus and the intestinal mucosa. The HA, NA, NP and PB1 genes of H9N2 viruses could be detected in intestinal organoids at 1 h, and reached peak levels at 48 h post-infection. Moreover, the HA and NP proteins of H9N2 virus could also be detected in organoids via immunofluorescence. Virus invasion caused damage to intestinal organoids with reduced mRNA transcript expression of Wnt3, Dll1 and Dll4. The abnormal growth of intestinal organoids may be attributed to the loss of Paneth cells, as indicated by the low mRNA transcript levels of lyz1 and defcr1. This present study demonstrates that H9N2 virus could invade intestinal organoids and then cause damage, as well as affect intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation, promoting the loss of Paneth cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qihang Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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8
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Sangsriratanakul N, Toyofuku C, Suzuki M, Komura M, Yamada M, Alam MS, Ruenphet S, Shoham D, Sakai K, Takehara K. Virucidal efficacy of food additive grade calcium hydroxide against surrogate of human norovirus. J Virol Methods 2017; 251:83-87. [PMID: 29054741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An alkaline agent, namely, food additive grade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) in the solution, powder and suspension forms was evaluated as a virucidal agent, using a murine norovirus (MNV) as the surrogate for human norovirus. The main constituent of FdCa(OH)2 is Ca(OH)2, which has pH 13 in 0.17% solution. The results showed that 0.17% FdCa(OH)2 solution could inactivate MNV within 30s even in the presence of organic materials (5% fetal bovine serum (FBS)). In a contaminated surface experiment, MNV with 5% FBS was inoculated on rayon sheets, and the result showed FdCa(OH)2 solution could markedly reduce virus titer within 1min. When mouse feces were spiked with MNV and FdCa(OH)2 powder as 10% and 20% w/w was added to the feces, these concentrations could inactivate the virus within 30min and 15min, respectively. Whereas, FdCa(OH)2 suspension at 2.5% and 5% could inactivate the virus within 30min and at 1% within 45min. These and additional results obtained here indicate that FdCa(OH)2 is an effective virucidal agent against MNV, and can serve as a useful alternative disinfectant for inactivation and prevention of human norovirus in house and hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthanan Sangsriratanakul
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Chiharu Toyofuku
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mayuko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Miyuki Komura
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamada
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Md Shahin Alam
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Sakchai Ruenphet
- Virology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok 10530, Thailand
| | - Dany Shoham
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Bar-Ilan University, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Kouji Sakai
- Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takehara
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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9
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Thammakarn C, Satoh K, Suguro A, Hakim H, Ruenphet S, Takehara K. Inactivation of avian influenza virus, newcastle disease virus and goose parvovirus using solution of nano-sized scallop shell powder. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:1277-80. [PMID: 24871643 PMCID: PMC4197158 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Scallop shell powder produced
by calcination process − the average diameter of the powder particles being 20
µm (SSP) − was further ground into nano-sized particles, with average
diameter of 500 nm, here designated CaO-Nano. Solution of CaO-Nano could inactivate avian
influenza virus within 5 sec, whereas the solution of SSP could not even after 1 hr
incubation. CaO-Nano solution could also inactivate Newcastle disease virus and goose
parvovirus within 5 sec and 30 sec, respectively. The virus-inactivating capacity
(neutralizing index: NI>3) of the solution was not reduced by the presence of 20% fetal
bovine serum. CaO-Nano solution seems to be a good candidate of materials for enhancement
of biosecurity in farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanathip Thammakarn
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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10
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Chan KH, Yan MK, To KKW, Lau SK, Woo PC, Cheng VCC, Li WS, Chan JFW, Tse H, Yuen KY. Use of the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell line for isolating respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal aspirates. J Med Virol 2013; 85:874-9. [PMID: 23508913 PMCID: PMC7167083 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The human colorectal adenocarcinoma‐derived Caco‐2 cell line was evaluated as a means isolating common respiratory viruses from nasopharyngeal aspirates for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. One hundred eighty‐nine direct immunofluorescence positive nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained from patients with various viral respiratory diseases were cultured in the presence of Caco‐2 cells or the following conventional cell lines: LLC‐MK2, MDCK, HEp‐2, and A549. Caco‐2 cell cultures effectively propagated the majority (84%) of the viruses present in nasopharyngeal aspirate samples compared with any positive cultures obtained using the panel cells (78%) or individual cell line MDCK (38%), HEp‐2 (21%), LLC‐MK2 (27%), or A549 (37%) cell lines. The differences against individual cell line were statistically significant (P = < 0.000001). Culture in Caco‐2 cells resulted in the isolation of 85% (36/42) of viruses which were not cultivated in conventional cell lines. By contrast, 80% (24/30) of viruses not cultivated in Caco‐2 cells were isolated using the conventional panel. The findings indicated that Caco‐2 cells were sensitive to a wide range of viruses and can be used to culture a broad range of respiratory viruses. J. Med. Virol. 85:874–879, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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11
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Shoham D, Jahangir A, Ruenphet S, Takehara K. Persistence of avian influenza viruses in various artificially frozen environmental water types. INFLUENZA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2012; 2012:912326. [PMID: 23091712 PMCID: PMC3471417 DOI: 10.1155/2012/912326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. This study investigates the viable persistence of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in various types of artificially frozen environmental water and evaluates the feasibility of similar occurrence taking place in nature, and allowing for prolonged abiotic virus survival, with subsequent biotic viral recirculation. Methods. Fresh, brackish, and salty water, taken in Japan from aquatic biotopes regularly visited by migratory waterfowl, were seeded with AIVs. We monthly monitored the viability of the seeded viruses in the frozen state at -20°C and -30°C, for 12 months. We also monitored virus viability following repeatedly induced freezing and thawing. Results. The viruses exhibited considerable viable persistence all along that period of time, as well as during freezing-thawing cycles. Appreciable, yet noncrucial variances were observed in relation to some of the parameters examined. Conclusions. As typical waterborne pathogens of numerous northerly aquatic birds, AIVs are innately adapted to both the body temperature of their hosts (40°C to 42°C) and, presumably, to subzero temperatures of frozen lakes (down to -54°C in parts of Siberia) occupied and virus-seeded by subclinically infected birds, prior to freezing. Marked cryostability of AIVs appears to be evident. Preservation in environmental ice has significant ecophylogenetic and epidemiological implications, potentially, and could account for various unexplained phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Shoham
- Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 35-1 Higashi 23 Bancho, Towada, Aomori 034, Japan
| | - Alam Jahangir
- Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Sakchai Ruenphet
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takehara
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Yu D, Wu S, Wang B, Chen Y, Li L. Rapid detection of common viruses using multi-analyte suspension arrays. J Virol Methods 2011; 177:64-70. [PMID: 21741408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A method that uses specific oligonucleotide probes coupled to a specific array of fluorescent microspheres in multi-analyte suspension arrays was employed for the detection of common viruses, such as Herpes virus (HSV), Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Sixteen species-specific probes and 9 sets of specific primers were designed based on conserved sequences of these viruses in the GenBank database. Serial symmetric PCR, asymmetric PCR and multiple PCR assays were employed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of multi-analyte suspension arrays analyzed on a Luminex-100 analyzer instrument. The symmetric PCR amplification of four types of HSV, four types of HPV and HBV genotypes of B, C and D, combined with their corresponding species-specific probes and specificities were completely concordant with the results from a comparative sequence analyses. There was no significant difference in the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) value between symmetric PCR and asymmetric PCR when the viral DNA concentration was above 10(4)copies/test. Both PCR products were negative in the multi-analyte suspension arrays with viral DNA concentrations less than 10(3)copies/test. A multi-analyte suspension array is a flexible, high-throughput, relatively simple method for rapid identification of common viruses in the clinical laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojun Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University., 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou, 310003 China
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