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Fuglseth H, Søreide K, Vetrhus M. Acute mesenteric ischaemia. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1030-1034. [PMID: 36748996 PMCID: PMC10416693 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Fuglseth
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- SAFER Surgery, Surgical Research Group, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kjetil Søreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- SAFER Surgery, Surgical Research Group, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Morten Vetrhus
- SAFER Surgery, Surgical Research Group, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Unit, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Yadong S, Haobo S, Liang C, Hao H, Zhaoxuan L, Jianping G. Endovascular Revascularization as Primary Treatment for Acute Embolic Mesenteric Ischemia: Stent Thrombectomy plus Aspiration versus Aspiration Alone. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021; 33:295-303. [PMID: 34915163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of stent thrombectomy combined with aspiration versus aspiration alone in acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). METHODS This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study. Between 1 May 2012 and 1 January 2021, 41 patients (mean age, 73.8±7.9 years) with AMI who underwent stent thrombectomy plus aspiration (Group 1, n=14) or aspiration alone (Group 2, n=27) were included. Patients' treatment regimens, clinical and follow-up outcomes were reviewed and analyzed. The group differences were compared using a Chi square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t test, or Mann-Whitney U test. The cumulative survival rate was calculated using a Kaplan-Meier curve. RESULTS The overall clinical success rate was 78.0% (32/41), and no significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 2 (78.6% vs. 77.8%, p = 1.00). Whereas Group 1 was associated with a higher complete clearance rate (78.6% vs. 44.4%, p = 0.04), less adjunctive local thrombolysis (14.3% vs. 48.1%, p = 0.03), and shorter length of hospital stay (5.7±4.7 vs. 10.7±9.0 days, p = 0.03). The estimated survival rate at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years was 73.2%, 72.5%, 71.4%, 65.3%, and 59.8%, respectively. No significant difference was found in survival rate between the groups (log-rank, p = 0.96). The recurrence rate for Group 1 and Group 2 were 8.3% (1/12) and 4.0% (1/25), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Compared with aspiration alone, additional stent thrombectomy showed superiorities in higher complete clearance rate, reduced adjunctive thrombolysis, and shorter length of hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yadong
- The Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Su Haobo
- The Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Chen Liang
- The Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Huang Hao
- The Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Lu Zhaoxuan
- The Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Gu Jianping
- The Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Tran LM, Andraska E, Haga L, Sridharan N, Chaer RA, Eslami MH. Hospital-based Delays to Revascularization Increase Risk of Post-operative Mortality and Short Bowel Syndrome in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia. J Vasc Surg 2021; 75:1323-1333.e3. [PMID: 34634418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a surgical emergency for which delays in treatment have been closely associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although the duration of ischemia as a determinant of outcomes for AMI is well known, the objective of this study was to identify hospital-based determinants of delayed revascularization and their effects on post-operative morbidity and mortality in AMI. METHODS All patients who underwent any surgery for acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) from a multi-center hospital system between 2010 and 2020 were divided into two groups based on timeliness of mesenteric revascularization after presentation. Early revascularization (ER) was defined as having both vascular consultation ≤ 12 hours of presentation and vascular surgery performed at the patient's initial operation. Delayed revascularization (DR) was defined as having either delays to vascular consultation or vascular surgery. A retrospective review of demographic and post-operative data was performed. Effect of DR on major post-operative outcomes including 30-day and 2-year mortality, total length of bowel resection, and development of short bowel syndrome were analyzed. Effects of delayed vascular consultation alone, delayed vascular surgery alone, no revascularization during admission, and admitting service on outcomes were also examined on sub-group analyses. RESULTS A total of 212 patients were analyzed. 99 patients received ER while the remaining 113 patients experienced a delay to revascularization after hospital presentation. Among the DR group, 55 (25.9%) patients had delayed vascular consultation while vascular surgery was deferred until after the initial operation in 37 (17.4%) patients. 51 (24.0%) patients were never revascularized during admission. DR was a significant predictor of 30-day (odds ratio (OR) 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.4-4.9], P=0.03) and 2-year mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.55, CI [1.0-2.3], P= 0.04). DR was also independently associated with increased bowel resection length (OR 7.47, P <0.01) and post-operative short bowel syndrome (OR 2.4, P=0.03) on multivariate analyses. When examined separately on sub-group analysis, both delayed vascular consultation (OR 3.38, P=0.03) and vascular surgery (OR 4.31, P <0.01) independently increased risk of 30-day mortality. Hospital discharge after AMI without mesenteric revascularization was associated with increased risk of short bowel syndrome (OR 2.94, P <0.01) and late mortality (HR 1.60, P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Delayed vascular consultation and vascular surgery are both significant hospital-based determinants of post-operative mortality and short bowel syndrome in AMI. Timing-based management protocols which emphasize routine evaluation by a vascular surgeon and early, definitive mesenteric revascularization should be established and widely adopted for all patients with clinically suspected AMI at presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian M Tran
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Elizabeth Andraska
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Lindsey Haga
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Natalie Sridharan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Rabih A Chaer
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Mohammad H Eslami
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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Abstract
Ischemic bowel disease (ISBODI) includes colon ischemia, acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) and chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). Epidemiologically, colon ischemia is the most common type followed by AMI and CMI. There are various risk factors for the development of ISBODI. Abdominal pain is the common presenting symptom of each type. High clinical suspicion is essential in ordering appropriate tests. Imaging studies and colonoscopy with biopsy are the main diagnostic tests. Treatment varies from conservative measures to surgical resection and revascularization. Involvement of multidisciplinary team is essential in managing ISBODI. Although open surgery with revascularization plays an important role, recently there is an increasing interest in percutaneous endovascular treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monjur Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
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Khuda Bakhsh Z, Khan R, Bashir K. Abdominal Pain Caused by Occlusion of the Celiac Trunk and Superior Mesenteric Artery in Addition to Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Case Series and Literature Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e15729. [PMID: 34285841 PMCID: PMC8286357 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a benign condition of the gastrointestinal tract causing abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and/or constipation. Symptoms of IBS usually improve on passing flatus and defecation. There is no known identifiable underlying pathology; however, several risk factors are known to contribute to the development of IBS, which include a stressful lifestyle and certain foods such as bread, coffee, alcohol, pasta, and chocolates. Intestinal bacteria may also contribute to symptoms of IBS. IBS is diagnosed clinically and treated with various medications to control the symptoms. On the other hand, celiac and mesenteric artery thrombosis (CAMAT) is a condition that may cause significantly higher mortality and morbidity if not recognized early. CAMAT leads to the blockage of major blood vessels to the intestine and several abdominal viscera leading to abdominal pain, nausea, sweating, and, in some cases, symptoms of shock. CAMAT is most likely caused by thrombosis; however, occasionally, embolisms from distant sources in patients with atrial fibrillation can also contribute to the development of CAMAT. CAMAT is usually diagnosed with a computed tomography angiogram (CTA) and treated either surgically or medically with anticoagulants. Vascular thrombus in the thoracic and abdominal region causing ischemia of the stomach and abdominal pain in patients with a history of IBS can easily be missed and cause grave complications with high morbidity and mortality. We present two cases who were initially diagnosed and treated for IBS and later diagnosed with serious intra-abdominal pathology of CAMAT thrombosis. The first case is of a 55-year-old female who was previously diagnosed with IBS and was treated with mebeverine 200mg twice daily and esomeprazole 20mg once daily for 10 weeks. Her pain continued to get worse and she presented to the emergency department by ambulance. She underwent CTA, which showed occlusion of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery causing liver and splenic infarcts. The patient received heparin and underwent a thrombectomy and embolectomy of the superior mesenteric and celiac arteries. No significant abnormality was found in the blood results. Thrombophilia screening was negative. The patient was discharged on warfarin. The second case is of a 53-year-old man who was also initially diagnosed with IBS and was treated with mebeverine 200mg twice daily for eight weeks before presenting to the emergency department with worsening abdominal pain. He underwent a CTA with contrast, which showed occlusion of the common hepatic artery and stenosis of the splenic artery leading to multiple splenic infarcts. No significant abnormality was found in blood test. Thrombophilia screening was negative. He was treated with new anticoagulant medication, dabigatran 150 mg orally twice daily. Both patients were managed with successful outcomes and were discharged home on anticoagulants. There was no recurrence of symptoms at three-month follow-up. These cases highlight that a secondary cause of symptoms such as vascular thrombosis must be sought for patients who fail to improve with conservative management of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raheel Khan
- Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | - Khalid Bashir
- Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT.,Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.,Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha, QAT
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Selim M, Alnaimi MI, Alsadah ZY, AlHarbi GA, Nasr M. Different Treatment Modality in the Management of Acute Mesenteric Ischemia. Cureus 2021; 13:e12490. [PMID: 33425558 PMCID: PMC7785501 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenteric ischemia (MI) is a reduction in blood flow of the mesenteric vessels resulting in ischemia or infarction if not treated properly. It is difficult to diagnose and it has a high rate of mortality. Moreover, it is managed either by open surgery or endovascular approach. We present a case of a 79-year-old male patient with MI managed initially by thrombolytic therapy with stent through inferior mesenteric artery which has failed. Few days later he presented with the same complaint. He was treated with heparin for five days and discharged in good condition. Six days later, the patient returned to the ED with MI and managed successfully with retrograde right common ilio-mesenteric artery bypass with no complication and made full recovery. Endovascular revascularization is a minimally invasive approach and it is the initial treatment of choice for mesenteric occlusive disease. However, this approach is not always feasible which explains the role for open approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Selim
- Vascular Surgery, Al Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, EGY.,Vascular Surgery, King Fahad University Hospital, Dammam, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed Nasr
- Vascular Surgery, King Fahad University Hospital, Khobar, SAU
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7
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Ennab RM, Al-Omari MH, Jaradat II, Aljabali AAA. Endovascular management of acute mesenteric ischemia in a young patient with thyrotoxicosis and atrial fibrillation: A case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 76:190-194. [PMID: 33038846 PMCID: PMC7550828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.09.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischemia has a high mortality rate of 50%–80%. CT angiography is highly valuable in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia. Patients who present with peritonitis or hemodynamic instability should undergo open surgery. Endovascular management is increasingly being considered as the main modality of management of AMI in selected cases. Endovascular management of AMI involves aspiration thrombectomy, thrombolysis, and/or possible angioplasty and stenting.
Introduction Acute mesenteric ischemia caused by an embolism resulting from atrial fibrillation in a thyrotoxic young male patient is a rare event. Endovascular intervention is increasingly being considered as the primary modality of treatment in selected patients. Presentation of case A 41-years male known to have hyperthyroidism presented with atrial fibrillation, acute mesenteric ischemia, splenic infarction, and left renal infarction. He was successfully managed with endovascular intervention of the superior mesenteric artery. Discussion Acute mesenteric ischemia has a high mortality rate. CT angiography is the investigation of choice for diagnosis of the mesenteric vessels occlusion and assessment of bowel ischemia. The clinical presentation guides into the treatment and the choice between open surgery and endovascular intervention as the primary modality of treatment. Thyrotoxicosis is a risky comorbid condition for any procedure to be done, so proper perioperative management is essential to decrease morbidity and mortality. Conclusion Prompt diagnosis and management of acute mesenteric ischemia is essential to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates. Endovascular management can be considered as a primary modality of treatment in selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed M Ennab
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Mamoon H Al-Omari
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ihab I Jaradat
- Department of Clinical Sciences/General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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Huerta CT, Orr NT, Tyagi SC, Badia DJ, Richie CD, Endean ED. Direct Retrograde Bypass is Preferable to Antegrade Bypass for Open Mesenteric Revascularization. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 66:263-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Hayashi K, Hayashi K, Narita M, Tsunoda A, Kusanagi H. Still time to perform intestinal revascularization in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia with peritonitis: An analysis of bowel viability in resections. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120923227. [PMID: 32547750 PMCID: PMC7249549 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120923227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Acute mesenteric ischemia is often fatal, and many survivors develop short
bowel syndrome. To avoid massive bowel resection, revascularization is
recommended for acute mesenteric ischemia patients. However, whether acute
mesenteric ischemia patients with clinical peritonitis can be revascularized
remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the
histopathological potential reversibility of resected bowel in acute
mesenteric ischemia patients with peritonitis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of acute mesenteric ischemia
patients treated at the Kameda Medical Center between January 2001 and March
2015. Pathological evaluation regarding bowel resection was performed.
Patients with and without peritonitis were compared. The primary outcome was
the proportion of patients with reversible or irreversible ischemia.
Patients with reversible and irreversible ischemia were characterized. Results: Of 41 patients, 17 underwent laparotomy, 6 endovascular surgery, and 18
palliative care. Among 23 patients receiving curative treatment, 7 had
peritonitis and 13 did not. Seven patients of each group received bowel
resection, but 85.7% of those with peritonitis had reversible ischemia. We
categorized patients with ischemia into reversible and irreversible groups.
The median time between symptom onset and diagnosis in the reversible group
was >27 h. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome was found in 72.2% and
66.7% of the reversible and irreversible groups, respectively. Conclusion: Acute mesenteric ischemia patients with clinical peritoneal signs may have
potentially reversible ischemia. As a result, revascularization should be
considered, even in the case of peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Ken Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Narita
- Department of Pathology, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Akira Tsunoda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kusanagi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan
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Li J, Yan M, Qin J, Liu J, Wen R. Severe peripheral arterial diseases in hemodialysis patient: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18760. [PMID: 31977867 PMCID: PMC7004584 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Peripheral arterial diseases (PADs) is defined as a systemic arterial disorders involving the lower extremity arteries, iliac, and carotid, which is developed more common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) than individual with normal renal function. Concurrence of mesenteric artery disease and lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is rare. The presence of PADs in patients receiving hemodialysis leads to a dramatic increase in risk of cardiovascular mortality. However, the early diagnosis of PADs in patient with CKD remains a challenge to nephrologists, which adds an adverse effect on prognosis. PATIENT CONCERNS A 48-year-old man received regular hemodialysis due to end-stage renal failure caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for 7 years, who was admitted into hospital for acute, severe rest pain of the right lower extremity at the first time. The computed tomography angiography showed severe, diffuse stenosis of the distal third of femoral artery. After discharged, he was readmitted into hospital for abdominal pain and the recurred right lower limb pain. A diagnostic angiography confirmed the initial occlusion of superior mesenteric artery, severe obstruction of the distal segment of femoral artery and diffuse, irregular stenosis of arteria peronea and arteria tibialis posterior. DIAGNOSIS The patient was diagnosed as PADs including LEAD and mesenteric artery disease. INTERVENTIONS The percutaneous transulminal angioplasty (PTA) combined with antiplatelet therapy and beraprost were performed. Moreover, the cinacalcet and lanthanum carbonate were prescribed to control calcium-phosphorus- parathyroid hormone metabolism. OUTCOMES The patient was free of abdominal pain and partly relieved from the ache of lower limb after PTA. However, he finally succumbed to acute myocardial infarction. LESSONS The incidence of PADs is higher in dialysis patients due to a unique set of biochemical and endocrine abnormalities. As there is a high uremic status and PADs burden in patients with hemodialysis, the short term risk of cardiovascular disesase mortality markedly increases. There is a need for nephrologists and cardiovascular physicians to identify these patients and then provide early and proper treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Li
- Department of Nephrology, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital
| | - Mingming Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jiao Qin
- Department of Nephrology, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital
| | - Rui Wen
- Department of Nephrology, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital
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Aboyans V, Ricco JB, Bartelink MLEL, Björck M, Brodmann M, Cohnert T, Collet JP, Czerny M, De Carlo M, Debus S, Espinola-Klein C, Kahan T, Kownator S, Mazzolai L, Naylor AR, Roffi M, Röther J, Sprynger M, Tendera M, Tepe G, Venermo M, Vlachopoulos C, Desormais I. 2017 ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS): Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteriesEndorsed by: the European Stroke Organization (ESO)The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). Eur Heart J 2019; 39:763-816. [PMID: 28886620 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1906] [Impact Index Per Article: 381.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Murphy KC, Kay D, Davenport DL, Bernard A. Decision Tool for Predicting Outcomes in Geriatric Acute Mesenteric Ischemia. Am Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481808400830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischemia is a morbid disease process that is most common in elderly patients who often have multiple medical comorbidities. Intervention can progress to costly and futile care. The goal of this study was to develop a tool for practitioners to assess the risk of mortality. Patients treated at our institution over the past decade diagnosed with acute mesenteric ischemia were identified. Patients aged less than 65 years were excluded. Data were collected by retrospective chart review. Univariate analysis was used to identify significant risk factors for death. Decision tree analysis yielded a prognostic tool to assess death risk. Univariate analysis demonstrated that lactate (P ≤ 0.001) and pressor requirement (P ≤ 0.001) were predictive of death. Decision tree analysis showed that 79 per cent of patients with day of surgery (DOS) lactate ≥5.4 died postoperatively. Seventy per cent of patients with DOS lactate <5.4 progressed to death if they required pressors and had a creatinine >1.18. Only 6.1 per cent patients with a DOS lactate <5.4, creatinine <1.54, and no pressor requirement progressed to death. Several variables can be used to set expectations for families and help guide decision-making. Our tool was predictive of outcomes in 82 per cent of our study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle C. Murphy
- From the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Danielle Kay
- From the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Andrew Bernard
- From the University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
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13
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Editor's Choice - 2017 ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2017; 55:305-368. [PMID: 28851596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 657] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kärkkäinen JM, Acosta S. Acute mesenteric ischemia (Part II) - Vascular and endovascular surgical approaches. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2017; 31:27-38. [PMID: 28395785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The modern treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) requires seamless collaboration of gastrointestinal surgeons, vascular surgeons, and interventional radiologists. The treatment strategy is straightforward aiming at rapid restoration of blood flow to the intestine. Bowel resection is performed on demand. The first thing to consider is the patient's clinical condition at presentation, whether there are signs of peritonitis or not, and whether the patient is hemodynamically stable or not. Second, there are four etiologies of AMI that need to be distinguished as they differ in treatment: superior mesenteric artery embolism, mesenteric arterial occlusive disease, mesenteric venous thrombosis, and non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia. In this review, we describe the basic vascular and endovascular treatment modalities accompanied by a simple algorithm for the various situations in AMI. Furthermore, the indications for damage control and primary definitive surgery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi M Kärkkäinen
- Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden.
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