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Sonnenberg A. Similar geographic distribution of mortality from multiple sclerosis, Hodgkin lymphoma, and inflammatory bowel disease in the United States. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 84:105493. [PMID: 38354444 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiologic studies have suggested a linkage between the occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC). It was hypothesized that the 4 diagnoses would be characterized by similar geographic distributions within the United States. AIMS To compare the US geographic distributions of these 4 diagnoses in a cross-sectional study. METHODS Using the US vital statistics, state-specific death rates and age-specific proportional mortality ratios (PMR) were calculated for each diagnosis. Similarities in the geographic distributions of the 4 diagnoses were tested by linear and Poisson regression analyses. The PMR values from different states were correlated among pairs of consecutive age-groups. RESULTS The 6 linear correlation coefficients (r) among the geographic distributions of the 4 diseases were as follows: HL vs. MS (r = 0.28), HL vs. CD (r = 0.74), HL vs. UC (r = 0.64); MS vs. CD (r = 0.18), MS vs. UC (r = 0.66); CD vs. UC (r = 0.58). Using Poisson regression, the geographic distributions of MS, HL, CD, and UC were all found to be significantly correlated with each other. In MS, significant correlations between the PMR values of each two consecutive age-groups started with the age-group 25-44 years. In HL, such significant correlations started at age 10-14, in CD at age 20-24, and in UC at age 20-24 years. CONCLUSIONS Within the United States, mortality from MS, HL, CD, and UC are characterized by similar geographic distributions. The environmental influences responsible for these resembling geographic distributions start exerting their influence during early lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Sonnenberg
- Section of Gastroenterology, Portland VA Medical Center, P3-GI, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
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Sonnenberg A, Duong HT, McCarty DJ, El-Serag HB. Concurrence of inflammatory bowel disease with multiple sclerosis or Hodgkin lymphoma. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:1349-1353. [PMID: 37942756 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epidemiologic evidence suggests that Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and multiple sclerosis (MS) share a common set of risk factors with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It was hypothesized that such shared risk factors would lead to clustering of the 4 diagnoses in the same patients. METHODS All patients with HL, MS, CD, or UC were identified in the veterans population from 2016-2020 and the Medicare population from 1986 to 1989. In a case-control study, the observed concurrences amongst these 4 diagnoses were compared with their expected frequencies in the overall veterans or Medicare population during the same time period by calculating odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The study included 6 million veterans and 35 million Medicare patients. In the veterans population, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was significantly associated with a concurrent diagnosis of HL (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15-1.71) and MS (1.34, 1.19-1.50). In the Medicare population, IBD was also significantly associated with HL (1.84, 1.07-3.17) and MS (2.31, 1.59-3.35). Similar trends were observed in CD or UC when analyzed separately in both datasets. In the veterans population, adjustment for the potentially confounding influence of ethnicity, sex, and age left all OR values largely unaffected and statistically significant. CONCLUSION The concurrence of IBD with HL or MS could reflect on a common pathway in the etiology or pathogenesis of these 4 diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Sonnenberg
- Section of Gastroenterology, Portland VA Medical Center
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Hao T Duong
- Section of Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel J McCarty
- School of Health Care Professions, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point, Wisconsin
| | - Hashem B El-Serag
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Sonnenberg A. Similar Time Trends of Hodgkin Lymphoma, Multiple Sclerosis, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 68:1455-1463. [PMID: 36168073 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07705-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) plays a role in the causation of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and multiple sclerosis (MS). A previous study showed that the time trends of mortality from Crohn's disease (CD) and MS shared striking similarities. It was hypothesized that such similarities would also involve the time trends of ulcerative colitis and HL. AIMS To compare the time trends of CD and UC with those of HL and MS in 6 different countries. METHODS Using the vital statistics of England, Canada, Netherlands, Scotland, Switzerland, and United States from 1951 to 2020, the time trends of mortality from these 4 diseases were compared. The time-dependent changes of death rates were subjected to a birth-cohort analysis. RESULTS Similar trends were observed in all 6 countries. UC mortality rose among generations born during the nineteenth century and decreased among all generations born subsequently during the twentieth century. CD mortality was similarly characterized by a birth-cohort pattern with a rise and fall that were shifted by 20-30 years towards more recent generations when compared to UC. The birth-cohort pattern of UC was matched by a similar pattern of HL, whereas the birth-cohort pattern of CD was matched by a similar pattern of MS. CONCLUSIONS The similarities in the ubiquitous birth-cohort patterns of UC, CD, HL, and MS suggest that these 4 diseases share a common environmental risk factor. Such risk factor may be linked to EBV or its acquisition during an early period of a patient's lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Sonnenberg
- Section of Gastroenterology, Portland VA Medical Center, P3-GI, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Zanelli M, Sanguedolce F, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Martino G, Caprera C, Fragliasso V, Soriano A, Gozzi F, Cimino L, Masia F, Moretti M, Foroni M, De Marco L, Pellegrini D, De Raeve H, Ricci S, Tamagnini I, Tafuni A, Cavazza A, Merli F, Pileri SA, Ascani S. EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 3). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6021. [PMID: 34885131 PMCID: PMC8656853 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
EBV is the first known oncogenic virus involved in the development of several tumors. The majority of the global population are infected with the virus early in life and the virus persists throughout life, in a latent stage, and usually within B lymphocytes. Despite the worldwide diffusion of EBV infection, EBV-associated diseases develop in only in a small subset of individuals often when conditions of immunosuppression disrupt the balance between the infection and host immune system. EBV-driven lymphoid proliferations are either of B-cell or T/NK-cell origin, and range from disorders with an indolent behavior to aggressive lymphomas. In this review, which is divided in three parts, we provide an update of EBV-associated lymphoid disorders developing in the gastrointestinal tract, often representing a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic issue. Our aim is to provide a practical diagnostic approach to clinicians and pathologists who face this complex spectrum of disorders in their daily practice. In this part of the review, the chronic active EBV infection of T-cell and NK-cell type, its systemic form; extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Gozzi
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Luca Cimino
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesco Masia
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marina Moretti
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Moira Foroni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Loredana De Marco
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - David Pellegrini
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Hendrik De Raeve
- Pathology, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
- Pathology, O.L.V. Hospital Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Ione Tamagnini
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Tafuni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano A. Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, European Institute of Oncology-IEO IRCCS Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
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Zanelli M, Sanguedolce F, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Martino G, Caprera C, Fragliasso V, Soriano A, Valle L, Ricci S, Cavazza A, Merli F, Pileri SA, Ascani S. EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 1). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4578. [PMID: 34572803 PMCID: PMC8465149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
EBV is the most common persistent virus in humans. The interaction of EBV with B lymphocytes, which are considered the virus reservoir, is at the base of the life-long latent infection. Under circumstances of immunosuppression, the balance between virus and host immune system is altered and hence, EBV-associated lymphoid proliferations may originate. These disorders encompass several entities, ranging from self-limited diseases with indolent behavior to aggressive lymphomas. The virus may infect not only B-cells, but even T- and NK-cells. The occurrence of different types of lymphoid disorders depends on both the type of infected cells and the state of host immunity. EBV-driven lymphoproliferative lesions can rarely occur in the gastrointestinal tract and may be missed even by expert pathologists due to both the uncommon site of presentation and the frequent overlapping morphology and immunophenotypic features shared by different entities. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, arising within the gastrointestinal tract. The review is divided in three parts. In this part, the available data on EBV biology, EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified and classic Hodgkin lymphoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca Valle
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano A. Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, European Institute of Oncology-IEO IRCCS Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
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6
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Zanelli M, Sanguedolce F, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Martino G, Caprera C, Fragliasso V, Soriano A, Valle L, Ricci S, Gozzi F, Cimino L, Cavazza A, Merli F, Pileri SA, Ascani S. EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 2). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4527. [PMID: 34572754 PMCID: PMC8469260 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common pathogen infecting people primarily early in life. The virus has the ability to persist throughout a person's life, usually in B lymphocytes. Conditions of immunodeficiency as well as the introduction of immunosuppressive therapies and the advent of transplant technologies has brought immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders into view, which are often driven by EBV. The group of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders includes different entities, with distinct biological features, ranging from indolent disorders, which may even spontaneously regress, to aggressive lymphomas requiring prompt and adequate treatment. These disorders are often diagnostically challenging due to their overlapping morphology and immunophenotype. Both nodal and extra-nodal sites, including the gastrointestinal tract, may be involved. This review, divided in three parts, summarizes the clinical, pathological, molecular features and treatment strategies of EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorders occurring in the gastrointestinal tract and critically analyzes the major issues in the differential diagnosis. In this part of the review, we discuss plasmablastic lymphoma, extra-cavitary primary effusion lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca Valle
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Gozzi
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Luca Cimino
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano A. Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, European Institute of Oncology-IEO IRCCS Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
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de Sire R, Castiglione F, Picardi M, Mascolo M, Di Luna I, Corcione F, D'Ambra M, Travaglino A, Rispo A. Chemotherapy-Induced Remission of Steroid-Dependent Ulcerative Colitis Associated With Rectal Hodgkin Lymphoma. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:e81-e82. [PMID: 33501977 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto de Sire
- Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Castiglione
- Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Picardi
- Hematology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Mascolo
- Pathology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Imma Di Luna
- Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Corcione
- General Surgery, Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele D'Ambra
- General Surgery, Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Travaglino
- Pathology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Rispo
- Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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8
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Severyns T, Kirchgesner J, Lambert J, Thieblemont C, Amiot A, Abitbol V, Treton X, Cazals-Hatem D, Malamut G, Coppo P, Galicier L, Walter-Petrich A, Deau-Fischer B, Besson C, Aparicio T, Beaugerie L, Allez M, Gornet JM. Prognosis of Lymphoma in Patients With Known Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A French Multicentre Cohort Study. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:1222-1230. [PMID: 32161943 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The prognosis of lymphoma that occurs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is poorly known. METHODS A multicentre retrospective cohort analysis was done in seven French tertiary centres from 1999 to 2019. Only lymphoma occurring in patients with previous established diagnosis of IBD were analysed. The primary outcome was progression-free survival at 3 years. RESULTS A total of 52 patients [male 65%, Crohn's disease 79%, median age 48.3 years, median duration of IBD 10.1 years] were included, of whom 37 had been previously exposed to immunosuppressants and/or biologics for at least 3 months and 20 had primary intestinal lymphomas. The lymphoma histological types were: diffuse large B cell lymphomas [N = 17], Hodgkin lymphomas [N = 17], indolent B cell lymphomas [N = 12], and others including T cell lymphomas, mantle cell lymphomas, and unclassifiable B cell lymphoma [N = 6]. The median follow-up after lymphoma was 5.1 years (interquartile range [IQR] 4-7.8). Progression-free survival at 3 years was 85% in the overall population (95% confidence interval [CI] 75%-96%) with no significant difference between the exposed and unexposed group, 79% for patients exposed to immunosuppressants and/or biologics [95% CI 67%-94%], and 83% for patients diagnosed with primary intestinal lymphoma [95% CI 67%-100%]. No relapse of IBD has been observed during chemotherapy. The IBD relapse rate at the end of the last chemotherapy cycle was 23% at 3 years [95% CI 11%-39%] in the overall population. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort, the prognosis for lymphomas occurring in IBD appears to be good and similar to what is expected, irrespective of the exposure to biologics and/or immunosuppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Severyns
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J Kirchgesner
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - J Lambert
- Service de Biostatistiques et Information Médicale, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Thieblemont
- Service d'Hémato-oncologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Amiot
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, UPEC, Créteil, France
| | - V Abitbol
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - X Treton
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Université de Paris, Clichy La Garenne, France
| | - D Cazals-Hatem
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Université de Paris, Clichy La Garenne. France
| | - G Malamut
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - P Coppo
- Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - L Galicier
- Service d'Immunohématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Walter-Petrich
- Service de Biostatistiques et Information Médicale, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - B Deau-Fischer
- Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Cochin, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Besson
- Service d'Hématologie-Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Université de Paris-Saclay, Le Chesnay, France
| | - T Aparicio
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - L Beaugerie
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - M Allez
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J M Gornet
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Espinheira MDC, Pais IP, Afonso I, Ferreira J, Trindade E, Amil-Dias J. Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Thiopurine Therapy in a Pediatric Population with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. GE PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 27:318-323. [PMID: 32999904 PMCID: PMC7506275 DOI: 10.1159/000507199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epstein Barr virus (EBV) primoinfection may contribute to the development of post-mononucleosis lymphomas in EBV-seronegative adult males with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) under thiopurine therapy, but data on children are sparse. Knowledge of the EBV status may influence the type of surveillance and therapy in a group particularly vulnerable to the occurrence of EBV primoinfection. We aimed to determine the EBV status at diagnosis, the primoinfection rate, and complications in a pediatric Portuguese population with IBD. METHOD This was a retrospective analysis of clinical records of pediatric patients with IBD. Demographic data, EBV status, as well as clinical and therapeutic data on primoinfection were collected. RESULTS Of the 250 patients evaluated, 229 (91.6%) had documented EBV screening and 50.8% were male. Mean age ± SD was 13.0 ± 2.8 years at diagnosis and 14.7 ± 2.3 years at EBV screening. EBV IgG serology was positive in 76.0% of patients. A total of 218 patients had been on therapy with azathioprine at some point. The average length of exposure to azathioprine was 4 years, and 91 patients (39.7%) were on azathioprine at EBV assessment. EBV primoinfection was documented in 4 patients (1.6%), all females, 2 of whom were on azathioprine. Two presented clinical signs of infection and 2 were identified at diagnostic screening; the first 2 suspended azathioprine and the other 2 did not initiate it. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of pediatric Portuguese IBD patients are EBV-naïve. Systematic screening of EBV status enables the identification of patients at risk of primoinfection, and the occurrence of symptoms suggestive of acute EBV infection in seronegative patients should lead to rapid confirmation of the diagnosis. Timely diagnosis may allow the adjustment of therapeutic strategy sparing patients from potentially severe iatrogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Do Céu Espinheira
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatric Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
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A review on co-existent Epstein-Barr virus-induced complications in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:1085-1091. [PMID: 31205127 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There have been growing reports regarding the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the intestine portions of patients suffering from ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, collectively termed as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Indeed, the prevalence of EBV infection increases in IBD patients due to prolonged employment of immunosuppressive drugs including azathioprine and infliximab. In turn, coinfection with EBV increases the propensity of development of lymphoproliferative disorders in the gastrointestinal tract including Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma. Therefore, it is recommended that IBD patients on prolonged immunomodulator therapy should be monitored for the presence of primary intestinal lymphoproliferative diseases. Moreover, coinfection of EBV complicates the clinical course of IBD by increasing the severity, chronicity, inducing refractoriness and increasing relapse incidences. Therefore, it is recommended that antiviral drugs should be added in the conventional IBD therapy in the suspected cases of EBV infection. Research has also revealed that EBV-induced colitis is very similar to IBD and there are chances of misdiagnosis of IBD in the presence of EBV colitis. The proper diagnosis of EBV infection along with its timely treatment is necessary to avoid the severe complications in patients of IBD. The present review discusses the role of EBV coinfection in increasing the clinical complications of IBD patients.
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[Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with inflammatory bowel disease treated with thiopurines. A case report and review of the literature]. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA : PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE CITOLOGÍA 2019; 52:242-245. [PMID: 31530407 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The risk of developing a lymphoproliferative disease associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been a controversial issue for decades; it is debatable whether the risk is associated with the chronic inflammation of IBD per se or its treatment, especially with thiopurine drugs (azathioprine and mercaptopurine) and anti-TNF-α agents. We present an unusual case of a 35-year-old man who had been diagnosed with Crohn's disease at age 17 and treated with azathioprine, presenting years later with an intestinal Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Primary classic Hodgkin lymphoma of the ileum and Epstein-Barr virus mucocutaneous ulcer of the colon: two entities compared. Virchows Arch 2018; 474:117-123. [PMID: 30194489 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Primary classic Hodgkin lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract represents a rare occurrence. A full patient's work-up is essential in order to exclude a secondary intestinal involvement. Histologically Epstein-Barr virus mucocutaneous ulcer closely resembles Hodgkin lymphoma. The differential diagnosis between these two entities is relevant, since both the therapeutic approach and the clinical behavior are different. Herein, we describe a case of primary classic Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the ileum and a case of Epstein-Barr virus mucocutaneous ulcer of the colon, focusing on the main clinicopathological differences.
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