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Cai T, Xu X, Dong L, Liang S, Xin M, Wang T, Li T, Wang X, Zheng W, Wang C, Xu Z, Wang M, Song X, Li L, Li J, Sun W. Oroxin A from Oroxylum indicum improves disordered lipid metabolism by inhibiting SREBPs in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and high-fat diet-fed non-insulin-resistant rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29168. [PMID: 38617966 PMCID: PMC11015455 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid metabolism disorders have become a major global public health issue. Due to the complexity of these diseases, additional research and drugs are needed. Oroxin A, the major component of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz (Bignoniaceae), can improve the lipid profiles of diabetic and insulin-resistant (IR) rats. Because insulin resistance is strongly correlated with lipid metabolism, improving insulin resistance may also constitute an effective strategy for improving lipid metabolism. Thus, additional research on the efficacy and mechanism of oroxin An under non-IR conditions is needed. Methods In this study, we established lipid metabolism disorder model rats by high-fat diet feeding and fatty HepG2 cell lines by treatment with oleic acid and evaluated the therapeutic effect and mechanism of oroxin A in vitro and in vivo through biochemical indicator analysis, pathological staining, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Results Oroxin A improved disordered lipid metabolism under non-IR conditions, improved the plasma and hepatic lipid profiles, and enhanced the lipid-lowering action of atorvastatin. Additionally, oroxin A reduced the total triglyceride (TG) levels by inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression and reducing the expression of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in vivo and in vitro. Oroxin A also reduced the total cholesterol (TC) levels by inhibiting SREBP2 expression and reducing HMGCR expression in vivo and in vitro. In addition, oroxin A bound to low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and increased AMPK phosphorylation. Conclusions Our results suggested that oroxin A may modulate the nuclear transcriptional activity of SREBPs by binding to LDLR proteins and increasing AMPK phosphorylation. Oroxin A may thus reduce lipid synthesis and could be used for the treatment and prevention of lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufei Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxing Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilong Zheng
- Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 317700, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbao Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Song
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingda Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, People's Republic of China
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Fu C, Xiang ML, Chen S, Dong G, Liu Z, Chen CB, Liang J, Cao Y, Zhang M, Liu Q. Molecular Drug Simulation and Experimental Validation of the CD36 Receptor Competitively Binding to Long-Chain Fatty Acids by 7-Ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28277-28289. [PMID: 37576668 PMCID: PMC10413453 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are one of the main energy-supplying substances in the body. LCFAs with different lengths and saturations may have contrasting biological effects that exacerbate or alleviate progress against a variety of systemic disorders of lipid metabolism in organisms. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by chronic inflammation and steatosis, mainly caused by the ectopic accumulation of lipids in the liver, especially LCFAs. CD36 is a scavenger receptor that recognizes and mediates the transmembrane absorption of LCFAs and is expressed in a variety of cells throughout the body. In previous studies, our group found that 7-ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate (oxLig-1) has the biological effect of targeting CD36 to inhibit oxidized low-density lipoprotein lipotoxicity-induced lipid metabolism disorder; it has an ω-carboxyl physiologically active center and is structurally similar to LCFAs. However, the biological mechanism of oxLig-1 binding to CD36 and competing for binding to different types of LCFAs is still not clear. In this study, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were utilized to simulate and analyze the binding activity between oxLig-1 and different types of LCFAs to CD36 and confirmed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) platform was applied to predict the drug-forming properties of oxLig-1, and HepG2 cells model of oleic acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model mice were validated to verify the biological protection of oxLig-1 on lipid lowering. The results showed that there was a co-binding site of LCFAs and oxLig-1 on CD36, and the binding driving forces were mainly hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The binding abilities of polyunsaturated LCFAs, oxLig-1, monounsaturated LCFAs, and saturated LCFAs to CD36 showed a decreasing trend in this order. There was a similar decreasing trend in the stability of the molecular dynamics simulation. ELISA results similarly confirmed that the binding activity of oxLig-1 to CD36 was significantly higher than that of typical monounsaturated and saturated LCFAs. ADMET prediction results indicated that oxLig-1 had a good drug-forming property. HepG2 cells model of oleic acid and NAFLD model mice study results demonstrated the favorable lipid-lowering biological effects of oxLig-1. Therefore, oxLig-1 may have a protective effect by targeting CD36 to inhibit the excessive influx and deposition of lipotoxicity monounsaturated LCFAs and saturated LCFAs in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhen Fu
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Meng-Lin Xiang
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
- Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515031, China
| | - Shaolang Chen
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Geng Dong
- Shantou
University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515031, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Chong-Bo Chen
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Jiajian Liang
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Yingjie Cao
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Joint
Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515041, China
- Key
Laboratory of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Research of Liaoning
Province, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, China
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Li J, Xiong T, Wang T, Wang M, Wang C, Yang F, Wang X, Tan Z, Sun W. Baicalein targets CD36 to prevent foam cell formation by suppressing the excessive uptake of oxLDL and accelerating ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in oxLDL-induced THP-1 macrophages. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Li J, Wang T, Liu P, Yang F, Wang X, Zheng W, Sun W. Hesperetin ameliorates hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation via the PI3K/AKT-Nrf2-ARE pathway in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and a rat model of high-fat diet-induced NAFLD. Food Funct 2021; 12:3898-3918. [PMID: 33977953 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02736g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common liver disease. Dietary supplementation has become a promising strategy for managing NAFLD. Hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, is mainly found in citrus fruits (oranges, grapefruit, and lemons) and possesses multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer and anti-diabetic effects. However, the anti-NAFLD effect and mechanisms of hesperetin remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of hesperetin against NAFLD and the underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. In oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cells, hesperetin upregulated antioxidant levels (SOD/GPx/GR/GCLC/HO-1) by triggering the PI3 K/AKT-Nrf2 pathway, alleviating OA-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, hesperetin suppressed NF-κB activation and reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion (TNF-α and IL-6). More importantly, we revealed that this anti-inflammatory effect is attributed to reduced ROS overproduction by the Nrf2 pathway, as pre-treatment with Nrf2 siRNA or an inhibitor of superoxide dismutase (SOD) or/and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) abolished hesperetin-induced NF-κB inactivation and reductions in inflammatory cytokine secretion. In a rat model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD, we confirmed that hesperetin relieved hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. Moreover, hesperetin activated the PI3 K/AKT-Nrf2 pathway in the liver, increasing antioxidant expression and inhibiting NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion. In summary, our results demonstrate that hesperetin ameliorates hepatic oxidative stress through the PI3 K/AKT-Nrf2 pathway and that this antioxidative effect further suppresses NF-κB-mediated inflammation during NAFLD progression. Thus, our study suggests that hesperetin may be an effective dietary supplement for improving NAFLD by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingda Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
| | - Tianqi Wang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China.
| | - Fuyuan Yang
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weilong Zheng
- Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China.
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Hou W, Xia J, Liu C, Li S, Wu T, Huang Y. Development of a method to screen and isolate bioactive constituents from Stellera chamaejasme by ultrafiltration and liquid chromatography combined with semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and high-speed counter current chromatography. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3421-3431. [PMID: 31529668 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method based on ultrafiltration with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry was used for the rapid screening and identification of ligands in the extracts of Stellera chamaejasme. The bound ligands, i.e. daphnoretin, isopimpinellin, chamaechromone, neochamaejasmin A, and chamaejasmine (purity of 96.8, 90.75, 91.41, 93.98, and 98.91%, respectively), were separated by semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography combined with high-speed counter-current chromatography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the detection of potent lipoxidase and lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors in Stellera chamaejasme extracts. The results demonstrate that our method of ultrafiltration with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry combined with mixed chromatography can be used to screen and confirm the bioactivity of all isolated compounds. This method also eliminates the need for separation of inactive compounds, thereby improving efficiency when studying bioactive substances. For some complex mixtures, neither semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography nor high-speed counter-current chromatography can purify all the target active compounds with high purity in a one-step separation. The combination of the two methods allow for efficient purification of target bioactive compounds with different polarities and physicochemical properties based on their complementary properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchao Hou
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Xia
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Chunming Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Sainan Li
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yu Huang
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Antagonizes LOX-1-Mediated Endothelial Injury by Transcriptional Activation of miR-590-5p. PPAR Res 2019; 2019:2715176. [PMID: 31354796 PMCID: PMC6632502 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2715176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is one of the major receptors expressed on the endothelium of arterial wall with a key role in endothelial dysfunction and the development of atherosclerosis. Recent evidence suggested that LOX-1 is upregulated under the condition of insulin resistance and could be suppressed by the antidiabetic drugs. We previously also confirmed that Thiazolidinedione (TZD) has the inhibitory effect on LOX-1 in ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we showed that Rosiglitazone treatment significantly attenuated the expressions of LOX-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, p47phox, and the atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE−/− mice with high-fat diet. In vitro, we revealed that Rosiglitazone inhibited LOX-1 by regulating miR-590-5p. Ox-LDL-mediated ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and p47phox were significantly reduced by Rosiglitazone, but all reversed after pretreating the cells with antagomiR-590-5p. Induction with Rosiglitazone activated PPAR-γ and promoted its nuclear translocation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The nuclear PPAR-γ upregulated the miR-590-5p level through binding to its transcriptional promoter region. Retaining PPAR-γ in cytoplasm by transfecting with PPAR-γ⊿NLS plasmid in HUVECs failed to activate miR-590-5p. Mutation of the promoter region of PPAR-γ also reduced the miR-590-5p promoter luciferase activity. Collectively, these data indicated that PPAR-γ may have the therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis via the transcriptional regulation of miR-590-5p in endothelial cells.
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Afonso MS, Machado RM, Lavrador MS, Quintao ECR, Moore KJ, Lottenberg AM. Molecular Pathways Underlying Cholesterol Homeostasis. Nutrients 2018; 10:E760. [PMID: 29899250 PMCID: PMC6024674 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential molecule that exerts pleiotropic actions. Although its presence is vital to the cell, its excess can be harmful and, therefore, sustaining cholesterol homeostasis is crucial to maintaining proper cellular functioning. It is well documented that high plasma cholesterol concentration increases the risk of atherosclerotic heart disease. In the last decades, several studies have investigated the association of plasma cholesterol concentrations and the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as the signaling pathways involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Here, we present an overview of several mechanisms involved in intestinal cholesterol absorption, the regulation of cholesterol synthesis and uptake. We also discuss the importance of reverse cholesterol transport and transintestinal cholesterol transport to maintain cholesterol homeostasis and prevent atherosclerosis development. Additionally, we discuss the influence of dietary cholesterol on plasma cholesterol concentration and the new recommendations for cholesterol intake in a context of a healthy dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milessa Silva Afonso
- Marc and Ruti Bell Vascular Biology and Disease Program, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Roberta Marcondes Machado
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Maria Silvia Lavrador
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Eder Carlos Rocha Quintao
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- Marc and Ruti Bell Vascular Biology and Disease Program, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Ana Maria Lottenberg
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde, Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
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Sun W, Sun J, Zhang B, Xing Y, Yu X, Li X, Xiu Z, Dong Y. Baicalein improves insulin resistance via regulating SOCS3 and enhances the effect of acarbose on diabetes prevention. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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