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Wang X, Zhang W, Zhou S. Multifaceted physiological and therapeutical impact of curcumin on hormone-related endocrine dysfunctions: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3307-3336. [PMID: 38622915 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Over the past five decades, Curcumin (Cur), derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa), has gained considerable attention for its potential therapeutic applications. Synthesizing insights from clinical trials conducted over the last 25 years, this review delves into diseases where Cur has demonstrated promise, offering a nuanced understanding of its pharmacokinetics, safety, and effectiveness. Focusing on specific examples, the impact of Cur on various human diseases is explored. Endocrine glands and associated signaling pathways are highlighted, elucidating how Cur influences cellular signaling. The article underscores molecular mechanisms such as hormone level alteration, receptor interaction, cytokine and adipokine expression inhibition, antioxidant enzyme activity, and modulation of transcription factors. Cur showcases diverse protective mechanisms against inflammation and oxidative damage by suppressing antiapoptotic genes and impeding tumor promotion. This comprehensive overview emphasizes the potential of Cur as a natural agent for countering aging and degenerative diseases, calling for further dedicated research in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
| | - Shengxue Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, China
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2
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Davis EHS, Jones C, Coward K. Rethinking the application of nanoparticles in women's reproductive health and assisted reproduction. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:1231-1251. [PMID: 38686941 PMCID: PMC11285225 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles and nanotechnology may present opportunities to revolutionize the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of a range of reproductive health conditions in women. These technologies are also used to improve outcomes of assisted reproductive technology. We highlight a range of these potential clinical uses of nanoparticles for polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids and sexually transmitted infections, considering in vitro and in vivo studies along with clinical trials. In addition, we discuss applications of nanoparticles in assisted reproductive technology, including sperm loading, gamete and embryo preservation and preventing preterm birth. Finally, we present some of the concerns associated with the medical use of nanoparticles, identifying routes for further exploration before nanoparticles can be applied to women's reproductive health in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily HS Davis
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Jones
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Coward
- Nuffield Department of Women’s & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women’s Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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3
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Ansari SR, Mahajan J, Teleki A. Iron oxide nanoparticles for treatment and diagnosis of chronic inflammatory diseases: A systematic review. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1963. [PMID: 38725229 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory conditions are among the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Several debilitating diseases such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's are linked to chronic inflammation. These conditions often develop into complex and fatal conditions, making early detection and treatment of chronic inflammation crucial. Current diagnostic methods show high variability and do not account for disease heterogeneity and disease-specific proinflammatory markers, often delaying the disease detection until later stages. Furthermore, existing treatment strategies, including high-dose anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, have significant side effects and an increased risk of infections. In recent years, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have shown tremendous biomedical potential. SPIONs can function as imaging modalities for magnetic resonance imaging, and as therapeutic agents due to their magnetic hyperthermia capability. Furthermore, the surface functionalization of SPIONs allows the detection of specific disease biomarkers and targeted drug delivery. This systematic review explores the utility of SPIONs against chronic inflammatory disorders, focusing on their dual role as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. We extracted studies indexed in the Web of Science database from the last 10 years (2013-2023), and applied systematic inclusion criteria. This resulted in a final selection of 38 articles, which were analyzed for nanoparticle characteristics, targeted diseases, in vivo and in vitro models used, and the efficacy of the therapeutic or diagnostic modalities. The results revealed that ultrasmall SPIONs are excellent for imaging arterial and neuronal inflammation. Furthermore, novel therapies using SPIONs loaded with chemotherapeutic drugs show promise in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaquib Rahman Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Mahajan
- School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Alexandra Teleki
- Department of Pharmacy, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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4
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Tan W, Zhang J, Dai F, Yang D, Gu R, Tang L, Liu H, Cheng YX. Insights on the NF-κB system in polycystic ovary syndrome, attractive therapeutic targets. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:467-486. [PMID: 37097332 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor κappa B (NF-κB) signaling plays a well-known function in inflammation and regulates a wide variety of biological processes. Low-grade chronic inflammation is gradually considered to be closely related to the pathogenesis of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this review, we provide an overview on the involvement of NF-κB in the progression of PCOS particularly, such as hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and endometrial dysfunction. From a clinical perspective, progressive recognition of NF-κB pathway provides opportunities for therapeutic interventions aimed at inhibiting pathway-specific mechanisms. With the accumulation of basic experimental and clinical data, NF-κB signaling pathway was recognized as a therapeutic target. Although there have been no specific small molecule NF-κB inhibitors in PCOS, a plethora of natural and synthetic compound have emerged for the pharmacologic intervention of the pathway. The traditional herbs developed for NF-κB pathway have become increasingly popular in recent years. Abundant evidence elucidated that NF-κB inhibitors can significantly improve the symptoms of PCOS. Herein, we summarized evidence relating to how NF-κB pathway is involved in the development and progression of PCOS. Furthermore, we present an in-depth overview of NF-κB inhibitors for therapy interventions of PCOS. Taken together, the NF-κB signaling may be a futuristic treatment strategy for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujia Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Xiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Barroso PAA, Nascimento DR, Lima Neto MFD, De Assis EIT, Figueira CS, Silva JRV. Therapeutic potential of nanotechnology in reproduction disorders and possible limitations. ZYGOTE 2023; 31:433-440. [PMID: 37537957 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199423000424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the prominent peculiarities of nanoparticles (NPs) is their ability to cross biological barriers. Therefore, the development of NPs with different properties has great therapeutic potential in the area of reproduction because the association of drugs, hormones and other compounds with NPs represents an alternative for delivering substances directly at a specific site and for treatment of reproductive problems. Additionally, lipid-based NPs can be taken up by the tissues of patients with ovarian failure, deep endometriosis, testicular dysfunctions, etc., opening up new perspectives for the treatment of these diseases. The development of nanomaterials with specific size, shape, ligand density and charge certainly will contribute to the next generation of therapies to solve fertility problems in humans. Therefore, this review discusses the potential of NPs to treat reproductive disorders, as well as to regulate the levels of the associated hormones. The possible limitations of the clinical use of NPs are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Alves Aguiar Barroso
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Danisvânia Ripardo Nascimento
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Miguel F De Lima Neto
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
- Research Center of Animal Experimentation (NUPEX), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Ernando Igo T De Assis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
- Research Center of Animal Experimentation (NUPEX), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Ciro Siqueira Figueira
- Laboratory of Material Engineering and Simulation of Sobral (LEMSS), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Viana Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Sobral-CE, Brazil
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6
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Omidi H, Sohrabi K, Amini A, Fathabady FF, Mostafavinia A, Ahmadi H, Mirzaei M, Moravej FG, Asghari M, Rezaei F, Gachkar L, Chien S, Bayat M. Application of combined photobiomodulation and curcumin-loaded iron oxide nanoparticles considerably enhanced repair in an infected, delayed-repair wound model in diabetic rats compared to either treatment alone. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:1791-1807. [PMID: 37039961 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we attempted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) and curcumin-loaded iron nanoparticles (CUR), alone and in combination, on wound closure rate (WCR), microbial flora by measuring colony-forming units (CFUs), the stereological and biomechanical properties of repairing wounds in the maturation stage of the wound healing course in an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) of type I diabetic (TIDM) rats. There were four groups: group 1 was the control, group 2 received CUR, rats in group 3 were exposed to PBM (80 Hz, 890 nm, and 0.2 J/cm2), and rats in group 4 received both PBM and CUR (PBM + CUR). We found CFU was decreased in groups 2, 3, and 4 compared to group 1 (p = 0.000 for all). Groups 2, 3, and 4 showed a considerable escalation in WCR compared to group 1 (p = 0.000 for all). In terms of wound strength parameters, substantial increases in bending stiffness and high-stress load were observed in groups 2, 3, and 4 compared to group 1 (p = 0.000 for all). Stereological examinations revealed decreases in neutrophil and macrophage counts and increases in fibroblast counts in groups 2, 3, and 4compared to group 1 (p = 0.000 for all). Blood vessel counts were more dominant in the PBM and PBM + CUR groups over group 1 (p = 0.000 for all). CFU and wound strength as well as macrophage, neutrophil, and fibroblast counts were found to be improved in the PBM + CUR and PBM groups compared to the CUR group (ranging from p = 0.000 to p < 0.05). Better results were achieved in the PBM + CUR treatment over the PBM therapy. We determined therapy with PBM + CUR, PBM alone, and CUR alone substantially accelerated diabetic wound healing in an IIDHWM of TIDM rats compared to control group. Concomitantly, the PBM + CUR and PBM groups attained significantly enhanced results for WCR, stereological parameters, and wound strength than the CUR group, with the PBM + CUR results being superior to those of the PBM group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Omidi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaysan Sohrabi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Amini
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Fadaei Fathabady
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atarodalsadat Mostafavinia
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Houssein Ahmadi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Mirzaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ghasemi Moravej
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Asghari
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Latif Gachkar
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sufan Chien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville and Noveratech LLC, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville and Noveratech LLC, Louisville, KY, USA.
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7
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Akter T, Zahan MS, Nawal N, Rahman MH, Tanjum TN, Arafat KI, Moni A, Islam MN, Uddin MJ. Potentials of curcumin against polycystic ovary syndrome: Pharmacological insights and therapeutic promises. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16957. [PMID: 37346347 PMCID: PMC10279838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women (4%-20%) when the ovaries create abnormally high levels of androgens, the male sex hormones that are typically present in women in trace amounts. The primary characteristics of PCOS include oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance. Generally, metformin, spironolactone, eflornithine and oral contraceptives are used to treat PCOS, despite their several side effects. Therefore, finding a potential candidate for treating PCOS is necessary. Curcumin is a major active natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa). A substantial number of studies have shown that curcumin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, antibacterial, and anti-apoptotic activities. In addition, curcumin reduces hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance in various conditions, including PCOS. The review highlighted the therapeutic aspects of curcumin against the pathophysiology of PCOS. We also offer a hypothesis to improve the development of medicines based on curcumin against PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzina Akter
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nafisa Nawal
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Akhi Moni
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nazrul Islam
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh
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8
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Liang J, Gao Y, Feng Z, Zhang B, Na Z, Li D. Reactive oxygen species and ovarian diseases: Antioxidant strategies. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102659. [PMID: 36917900 PMCID: PMC10023995 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced in mitochondria and are involved in various physiological activities of the ovary through signaling and are critical for regulating the ovarian cycle. Notably, the imbalance between ROS generation and the antioxidant defense system contributes to the development of ovarian diseases. These contradictory effects have critical implications for potential antioxidant strategies that aim to scavenge excessive ROS. However, much remains to be learned about how ROS causes various ovarian diseases to the application of antioxidant therapy for ovarian diseases. Here, we review the mechanisms of ROS generation and maintenance of homeostasis in the ovary and its associated physiological effects. Additionally, we have highlighted the pathological mechanisms of ROS in ovarian diseases and potential antioxidant strategies for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yingzhuo Gao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ziyi Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhijing Na
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Diseases and Fertility Remodeling of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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9
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Luo ED, Jiang HM, Chen W, Wang Y, Tang M, Guo WM, Diao HY, Cai NY, Yang X, Bian Y, Xing SS. Advancements in lead therapeutic phytochemicals polycystic ovary syndrome: A review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1065243. [PMID: 36699064 PMCID: PMC9868606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1065243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases in women of reproductive age and features complex pathological symptoms and mechanisms. Existing medical treatments have, to some extent, alleviated the deterioration of PCOS. However, these strategies only temporarily control symptoms, with a few side effects and no preventive effect. Phytochemicals extracted from medicinal herbs and plants are vital for discovering novel drugs. In recent years, many kinds of research have proven that phytochemicals isolated from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and medicinal plants show significant potential in preventing, alleviating, and treating PCOS. Nevertheless, compared to the abundance of experimental literature and minimal specific-topic reviews related to PCOS, there is a lack of systematic reviews to summarize these advancements in this promising field. Under this background, we systematically document the progress of bioactive phytochemicals from TCM and medicinal plants in treating PCOS, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and alkaloids. According to the literature, these valuable phytochemicals demonstrated therapeutic effects on PCOS supported by in vivo and in vitro experiments, mainly depending on anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, improvement of hormone disorder and insulin resistance (IR), and alleviation of hyperinsulinemia. Based on the current progress, future research directions should emphasize 1) exploring bioactive phytochemicals that potentially mediate bone metabolism for the treatment of PCOS; 2) improving unsatisfactory bioavailability by using advanced drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles and antibody-conjugated drugs, as well as a chemical modification; 3) conducting in-depth research on the pathogenesis of PCOS to potentially impact the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the evolution of PCOS; 4) revealing the pharmacological effects of these bioactive phytochemicals on PCOS at the genetic level; and 5) exploring the hypothetical and unprecedented functions in regulating PCOS by serving as proteolysis-targeting chimeras and molecular glues compared with traditional small molecule drugs. In brief, this review aims to provide detailed mechanisms of these bioactive phytochemicals and hopefully practical and reliable insight into clinical applications concerning PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Dan Luo
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Mei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Chengdu, China
| | - Mi Tang
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Mei Guo
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Yang Diao
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning-Yuan Cai
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha-Sha Xing
- GCP Institution, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Magdy MT, EL-Ghareeb AELWA, Attaby FA, Abd El-Rahman HA. Assessment of nano-iron particles impact on the reproductive health of female Wistar rats. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Iron oxide nanoparticles, especially nano-magnetite, are promising candidates for use in a variety of applications. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nano-magnetite on the reproductive health of female Wistar rats. Twenty-one adult female rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 served as the control group, Group 2 received a low dose of 5 mg/kg of nano-magnetite, and Group 3 received a high dose of 10 mg/kg of nano-magnetite. For 30 days, rats were intraperitoneally injected three times per week.
The main findings
Revealed that nano-magnetite did not induce a change in body weight or absolute as well as relative reproductive organs weight. Nano-magnetite nanoparticles influenced the reproductive serum hormone levels as well as imbalanced the ovarian and uterine malondialdehyde and total antioxidant activity. After nano-magnetite nanoparticle injection, the histopathological examination revealed apoptosis of granulosa cells of various types of follicles, degenerated corpora lutea, congested blood vessels, and uterine epithelial cells of uterine tissue showed a high level of apoptosis and inflammation. Immunohistochemistry studies demonstrated a significant increase in activated caspase-3 following nano-magnetite injection, indicating an increase in cell apoptosis.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated the negative effect of magnetite nanoparticle on reproductive health and increased the likelihood of infertility.
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Zheng L, Chen PF, Dai WC, Zheng ZQ, Wang HL. Curcumin Alleviates Hyperandrogenism and Promotes Follicular Proliferation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats: Insights on IRS1/PI3K/GLUT4 and PTEN Modulations. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:1088-1095. [PMID: 36327049 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3582-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of curcumin on the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/endometrial expression of glucose 4 (GLUT4) signalling pathway and its regulator, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), in a rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). METHODS PCOS model was induced by letrozole intragastric administration. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups according to a random number table: (1) control group; (2) PCOS group, which was subjected to PCOS and received vehicle; (3) curcumin group, which was subjected to PCOS and treated with curcumin (200 mg/kg for 2 weeks); and (4) curcumin+LY294002 group, which was subjected to PCOS, and treated with curcumin and LY294002 (a specific PI3K inhibitor). Serum hormone levels (17 β-estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and testosterone) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and insulin resistance (IR) was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of IR. Ovarian tissues were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for pathological and apoptosis examination. Expression levels of key transcriptional regulators and downstream targets, including IRS1, PI3K, protein kinase B (AKT), GLUT4, and PTEN, were measured via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS The PCOS group showed impaired ovarian morphology and function. Compared with the PCOS group, curcumin treatment exerted ovarioprotective effects, down-regulated serum testosterone, restored IR, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in ovarian tissues, decreased IRS1, PI3K, and AKT expressions, and up-regulated GLUT4 and PTEN expressions in PCOS rats (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In contrast, IRS1, PI3K, AKT, and PTEN expression levels were not significantly different between PCOS and curcumin+LY294002 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The beneficial effects of curcumin on PCOS rats included the alteration of serum hormone levels and recovery of morphological ovarian lesions, in which, PTEN, a new target, may play a role in regulating the IRS1/PI3K/GLUT4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Pei-Fang Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Wei-Chao Dai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Zhi-Qun Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Hui-Lan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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12
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Sirotkin AV. The Influence of Turmeric and Curcumin on Female Reproductive Processes. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1020-1025. [PMID: 34416765 DOI: 10.1055/a-1542-8992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present review summarizes the available knowledge concerning the action of curcumin, the best-known polyphenol among the rhizomes of Curcumas, on female reproductive processes and their dysfunctions. Curcumin affects a number of physiological processes, including female reproduction (puberty, reproductive aging, ovarian follicullogenesis and oogenesis, and fecundity). Curcumin can affect these processes via changes in the release and reception of pituitary and ovarian hormones, growth factors and cytokines. Furthermore, it can influence the response of ovarian cells to these substances and external environmental factors. Finally, curcumin can affect oxidative processes within the ovary and numerous intracellular signalling pathways related to ovarian cell proliferation and apoptosis. These effects suggest the applicability of curcumin for stimulation of female reproductive processes in vivo and in vitro, as well as for the prevention, mitigation, and treatment of various reproductive disorders from ovarian insufficiency and infertility to polycystic ovarian syndrome and ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
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13
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Sanlier N, Kocabas Ş, Erdogan K, Sanlier NT. Effects of curcumin, its analogues, and metabolites on various cancers: focusing on potential mechanisms. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2067173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şule Kocabas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Erdogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Gulhane Health Application and Research Center, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Tunca Sanlier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Shojaei-Zarghani S, Molani-Gol R, Rafraf M. Curcumin and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Systematic Review. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:2105-2118. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00826-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Curcumin in Metabolic Health and Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124440. [PMID: 34959992 PMCID: PMC8706619 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that metabolic disorders are nutritionally dependent. A healthy diet that is rich in polyphenols may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and, in particular, atherosclerosis. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric and has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, and antidiabetic properties, among others. This review summarizes the influence of supplementation with curcumin on metabolic parameters in selected metabolic disorders.
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16
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Patel SK, Valicherla GR, Micklo AC, Rohan LC. Drug delivery strategies for management of women's health issues in the upper genital tract. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113955. [PMID: 34481034 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The female upper genital tract (UGT) hosts important reproductive organs including the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Several pathologies affect these organ systems such as infections, reproductive issues, structural abnormalities, cancer, and inflammatory diseases that could have significant impact on women's overall health. Effective disease management is constrained by the multifaceted nature of the UGT, complex anatomy and a dynamic physiological environment. Development of drug delivery strategies that can overcome mucosal and safety barriers are needed for effective disease management. This review introduces the anatomy, physiology, and mucosal properties of the UGT and describes drug delivery barriers, advances in drug delivery technologies, and opportunities available for new technologies that target the UGT.
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17
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Silva JRV, Barroso PAA, Nascimento DR, Figueira CS, Azevedo VAN, Silva BR, Santos RPD. Benefits and challenges of nanomaterials in assisted reproductive technologies. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:707-717. [PMID: 34553442 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) have contributed to preserve fertility in humans and to increase multiplication of genetically superior animals. Despite being highly practiced worldwide, ART presents some challenges, especially because gametes and embryos are kept in vitro for a variable period of time, and the oxidative stress in vitro can have negative impact on oocyte competence and embryo development. Nanotechnology needs to be considered to help overcome some of those impairments, since it can provide strategies to deliver antioxidants and hormones to gametes and embryos in vitro. The application of nanotechnology to ART can allow the development of new protocols using nanomaterials to improve in vitro oocyte competence and embryo production. This review discusses the applicability of nanomaterials to improve sperm selection, to deliver antioxidants and hormones to preantral follicles, oocytes, and embryos in vitro, as well as the concerns about using nanotechnology in ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Viana Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara-UFC, Sobral, Brazil
| | - Pedro Alves Aguiar Barroso
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara-UFC, Sobral, Brazil
| | - Danisvânia Ripardo Nascimento
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara-UFC, Sobral, Brazil
| | - Ciro Siqueira Figueira
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Simulation of Sobral (LEMSS), Federal University of Ceara-UFC, Sobral, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca R Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara-UFC, Sobral, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pires Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Simulation of Sobral (LEMSS), Federal University of Ceara-UFC, Sobral, Brazil
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18
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Potential Health Benefits of Curcumin on Female Reproductive Disorders: A Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093126. [PMID: 34579002 PMCID: PMC8471428 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is one of the main polyphenolic compounds in the turmeric rhizome. It possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-arthritis, anti-asthmatic, anti-microbial, anti-viral and anti-fungal properties. This review aims to provide an overview of the potential health benefits of curcumin to treat female reproductive disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian failure and endometriosis. Comprehensive information on curcumin was retrieved from electronic databases, which were MEDLINE via EBSCOhost, Scopus and Google Scholar. The available evidence showed that curcumin reduced the high level of androgen in PCOS. Studies in rodents suggest that curcumin resulted in the disappearance of cysts and the appearance of healthy follicles and corpora lutea. Furthermore, animal studies showed curcumin improved the overall function of the ovary in ovarian diseases and reversed the disturbance in oxidative stress parameters. Meanwhile, in vitro and in vivo studies reported the positive effects of curcumin in alleviating endometriosis through anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic mechanisms. Thus, curcumin possesses various effects on PCOS, ovarian diseases and endometriosis. Some studies found considerable therapeutic effects, whereas others found no effect. However, none of the investigations found curcumin to be harmful. Curcumin clinical trials in endometriosis and ovarian illness are still scarce; thus, future studies need to be conducted to confirm the safety and efficacy of curcumin before it could be offered as a complementary therapy agent.
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Corrie L, Gulati M, Vishwas S, Kapoor B, Singh SK, Awasthi A, Khursheed R. Combination therapy of curcumin and fecal microbiota transplant: Potential treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Med Hypotheses 2021; 154:110644. [PMID: 34332209 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a combination of various symptoms like anovulation, hirsutism, chronic amenorrhea, infertility, obesity and polycystic ovaries. It affects over 7 million women worldwide. The current strategy to treat this disorder is based on the use of drugs that provide symptomatic relief. Most of these, however, exhibit numerous side effects and are not able to ameliorate all the signs and symptoms of PCOS. As dysbiosis is considered as one of the prime underlying causes of PCOS, restoration of eubiosis was considered as a plausible way to treat it. Bacteriotherpeutics like probiotics, synbiotics and even fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) have shown considerable effectiveness in PCOS. Of these baceteriotherapeutic options, FMT is considered to be the most holistic as it encompasses the bacteriome, virome, fungome, archaeome and even parasitome while both probiotics as well as synbiotics mainly comprise bacteria. Repeated FMT, however, is not a pragmatic option because of its inconvenience, lack of standardization, involved risk and scepticism amongst patients and physicians. If the eubiosis ushered by FMT is sustained for a long time, the repeated administrations of FMT can be avoided and maintenance therapy with any agent that can maintain the eubiotic condition can be adopted. Role of curcumin on gut microbiota is widely known. It is largely attributed to the ability of certain microbes to consume polyphenols as substrates and its positive effect on bacterial consumption of nutrients such as sugars. Based on various mechanisms and studies, a new hypothesis is being proposed wherein FMT and curcumin combination is predicted to be an effective and sustained treatment of PCOS with much lower rates of remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Rubiya Khursheed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
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20
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Yu Y, Cao Y, Huang W, Liu Y, Lu Y, Zhao J. β-Sitosterol Ameliorates Endometrium Receptivity in PCOS-Like Mice: The Mediation of Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2021; 8:667130. [PMID: 34179058 PMCID: PMC8224531 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.667130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one of the most common endocrine diseases in women of childbearing age, has been found to be accompanied by changes in the gut microbiota. The Bu Shen Yang Xue formula (BSYXF) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for the treatment of PCOS. This study aimed to investigate whether the protective effects of β-sitosterol, the main active ingredient of BSYXF, on PCOS was mediated by regulating gut microbiota. Methods: The presence of β-sitosterol in BSYXF was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The PCOS-like mouse model was induced by dehydroepiandrosterone. The fecal supernatant of β-sitosterol-treated mice was prepared for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Body weight and wet weight of the uterus and ovary of the mice were recorded for organ index calculation. Hematoxylin and eosin stain was used to assess the endometrial morphology and microenvironment changes. Expression of endometrial receptivity markers cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Integrin ανβ3, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and homeobox A10 (HOXA10) in the endometrium were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to detect the expression of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone (P), and testosterone (T) in the serum. The diversity of gut microbiota was examined by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Results: With the treatment of β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-FMT, the uterine index of PCOS-like mice increased, the ovarian index decreased, levels of COX-2, LH and T decreased, and levels of Integrin ανβ3, LIF, HOXA10, FSH, and P increased. Under β-sitosterol treatment, the structure of the gut microbiota in PCOS-like mice was also changed. Conclusion: β-sitosterol regulates the endometrial receptivity of PCOS and harmonizes the sex hormone balance, which may be related to the changes in the structure and composition of gut microbiota, thus affecting the pathological process of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wenling Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajing Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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21
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Khosravi A, Hasani A, Rahimi K, Aliaghaei A, Pirani M, Azad N, Ramezani F, Tamimi A, Behnam P, Raoofi A, Fathabadi FF, Abdi S, Abdollahifar MA, Hejazi F. Ameliorating effects of curcumin-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) on the mouse testis exposed to the transient hyperthermia: A molecular and stereological study. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151632. [PMID: 33128988 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular hyperthermia can have negative effects on male fertility. Despite reported therapeutic benefits of curcumin, several factors often limit its application such as low water solubility and instable structure. Curcumin-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were designed to solve its limitation of use. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of curcumin-loaded SPIONs on transient testicular hyperthermia in mouse. MATERIALS AND METHOD A total of 18 adult male NMRI mice were divided into three groups (n = 6): I. Controls (Cont), II. Scrotal hyperthermia (Hyp), III. Scrotal hyperthermia + curcumin-loaded iron particles (240 μL) (Hyp + Cur). After seventy days, the animals were sacrificed and used for further molecular and stereological evaluations. RESULTS Sperm count, motility and viability significantly decreased in group hyp as compared to cont group. Furthermore, Sperm DNA fragmentation and cell apoptosis in testes increased remarkably in group hyp, compared with group cont. Stereological study showed a reduction in number of spermatogenic and Leydig cells, as well as reduced weight and volume of testes in hyp group. Degenerative appearance of testes exposed to hyperthermia was also observed. In addition, higher mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL1-α, IL6, and TNF-α) was detected in group hyp compared to cont group. However, curcumin-loaded SPIONs alleviated all of the pathologic changes in the Hyp + Cur group compared to the hyp group. CONCLUSION Here, we used nanoparticle form of curcumin in testicular hyperthermia model and showed its ameliorating effects on testes damages caused by heat stress, which can be an appropriate method to overcome the problems that limit curcumin application in cases with increased intra testicular temperature.
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