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Zhang X, Liu M, Wang Z, Wang P, Kong L, Wu J, Wu W, Ma L, Jiang S, Ren W, Du L, Ma W, Liu X. A review of the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, synthetic biology and comprehensive utilization of Silybum marianum. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1417655. [PMID: 39055491 PMCID: PMC11269164 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1417655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, a herbaceous plant with a long history in traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases, particularly in Europe, which has attracted attention for its remarkable therapeutic effect. This review systematically summarizes the research progress in the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, comprehensive utilization and synthetic biology of S. marianum. Up to now, more than 20 types of flavonolignan components have been isolated from S. marianum. In addition, the rearch on fatty acids and triterpenoids is also constantly improving. Among them, silybin is the most active compound in flavonolignans components. Its pharmacological effects in vivo and in vitro include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumour, hypoglycaemic, neuroprotective and immunoregulatory properties. The use of coniferyl alcohol and taxifolin as substrates to produce silybin and isosilybin under the action of enzyme catalysis is the commonly used biosynthetic pathway of silymarin, which provides support for a comprehensive analysis of the synthetic pathway of silymarin. In addition to medicinal use, the extracts of plants also have broad application prospects in the production of food, healthcare products, cosmetics and other aspects. In addition, the chemical composition, pharmacological mechanism and synthetic biology of S. marianum need to be further studied, which is very important for its clinical efficacy and resource development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Meiqi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lingyang Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jianhao Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lengleng Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Weichao Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Likun Du
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiubo Liu
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
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Brkić N, Švagelj D, Omazić J. Pathohistological Changes in the Gastric Mucosa in Correlation with the Immunohistochemically Detected Spiral and Coccoid Forms of Helicobacter pylori. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1060. [PMID: 38930442 PMCID: PMC11206044 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coccoid form of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is resistant to antibiotics. There are only a few studies that have analyzed the frequency of coccoid H. pylori in patients with gastritis. The aim of this work was to examine the correlation between the H. pylori form and the pathohistological characteristics of the stomach in patients with gastritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research was cross-sectional and focused on the gastric mucosa samples of 397 patients from one general hospital in Croatia. Two independent pathologists analyzed the samples regarding the pathohistological characteristics and the form of H. pylori. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in the gender of patients with H. pylori gastritis. Only the coccoid form of H. pylori was present in 9.6% of patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of a certain form of the bacterium depending on its localization in the stomach. The intensity of the bacterium was low in the samples where only the coccoid or spiral form was described. In cases of infection in the antrum, premalignant lesions and the coccoid form of H. pylori were more often present. CONCLUSION In the diagnosis of H. pylori infection, the determination of the form of the bacterium via immunohistochemistry should be included to increase the rate of eradication therapy and reduce the incidence of gastric malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Brkić
- Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, General County Hospital Vinkovci, 32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
| | - Dražen Švagelj
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, General County Hospital Vinkovci, 32100 Vinkovci, Croatia;
| | - Jelena Omazić
- Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Department of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, National Memorial Hospital “Dr. Jurjaj Njavro” Vukovar, 32000 Vukovar, Croatia
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Shadvar N, Akrami S, Mousavi Sagharchi SMA, Askandar RH, Merati A, Aghayari M, Kaviani N, Afkhami H, Kashfi M. A review for non-antibiotic treatment of Helicobacter pylori: new insight. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1379209. [PMID: 38774508 PMCID: PMC11106852 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1379209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcers and gastric cancer are brought on by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which colonizes under the stomach mucous membrane. Different medication regimens are used to remove it, but the illness returns and becomes more resistant, which lowers the treatment rates. Additionally, this bacterium now exhibits a skyrocketing level of multi-drug resistance, necessitating recurrent therapeutic treatments. The negative effects of synthetic medications in comparison to conventional therapies are another significant factor in favor of non-pharmacological therapy. The most significant side effects of popular anti-gastric ulcer medications include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Stomach ulcers have previously been treated with herbal remedies and complementary treatments like probiotics. When probiotics are ingested, the host experiences several advantages that may be brought about by altering the bacterial flora in the digestive system. Additionally, stronger-acting chemical compounds and plant extracts can be employed to treat patients. In this article, we look at the substances and medications that are utilized in place of synthetic stomach ulcer-curing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shadvar
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sousan Akrami
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Alireza Merati
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Aghayari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nikki Kaviani
- School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kashfi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Xun M, Feng Z, Li H, Yao M, Wang H, Wei R, Jia J, Fan Z, Shi X, Lv Z, Zhang G. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and antivirulence activity of cetylpyridinium chloride. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300696. [PMID: 38603679 PMCID: PMC11008818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary treatment method for eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection involves the use of antibiotic-based therapies. Due to the growing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori, there has been a surge of interest in exploring alternative therapies. Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is a water-soluble and nonvolatile quaternary ammonium compound with exceptional broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. To date, there is no documented or described specific antibacterial action of CPC against H. pylori. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the in vitro activity of CPC against H. pylori and its potential antibacterial mechanism. CPC exhibited significant in vitro activity against H. pylori, with MICs ranging from 0.16 to 0.62 μg/mL and MBCs ranging from 0.31 to 1.24 μg/mL. CPC could result in morphological and physiological modifications in H. pylori, leading to the suppression of virulence and adherence genes expression, including flaA, flaB, babB, alpA, alpB, ureE, and ureF, and inhibition of urease activity. CPC has demonstrated in vitro activity against H. pylori by inhibiting its growth, inducing damage to the bacterial structure, reducing virulence and adherence factors expression, and inhibiting urease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Xun
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Li
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Ruixia Wei
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Junwei Jia
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zimao Fan
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhanzhu Lv
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
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Feng Z, Li H, Hao Y, Peng C, Ou L, Jia J, Xun M, Zou Y, Chen M, Zhang G, Yao M. In vitro anti- Helicobacter pylori activity and the underlining mechanism of an empirical herbal formula - Hezi Qingyou. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355460. [PMID: 38440143 PMCID: PMC10910045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is thought to primarily colonize the human stomach and lead to various gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastritis and gastric cancer. Currently, main eradication treatment is triple or quadruple therapy centered on antibiotics. Due to antibiotic resistance, the eradication rate of H. pylori is decreasing gradually. Therefore, searching for anti-H. pylori drugs from herbal sources has become a strategy for the treatment. Our team proposed a Hezi Qingyou Formula (HZQYF), composed of Chebulae Fructus, Ficus hirta Vahl and Cloves, and studied its anti-H. pylori activity and mechanism. Methods Chemical components of HZQYF were studied using UHPLC-MS/MS and HPLC. Broth microdilution method and agar dilution method were used to evaluate HZQYF's antibacterial activity. The effects of HZQYF on expression of adhesion genes (alpA, alpB, babA), urease genes (ureE, ureF), and flagellar genes (flaA, flaB) were explored using Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) technology. Effects on morphology and permeability of the extracellular membrane were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine (NPN) uptake. Effect on urease activity was studied using a urease kinetics analysis in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining method was used to examine the effect on adhesion. Western blot was used to examine the effect on cagA protein. Results Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the formula against H. pylori clinical strains and standard strains were 80-160 μg/mL, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were 160-320 μg/mL. The formula could down-regulate the expression of adhesion genes (alpA, alpB, babA), urease genes (ureE, ureF) and flagellar genes (flaA, flaB), change the morphology of H. pylori, increase its extracellular membrane permeability, and decrease its urease activity. Conclusion Present studies confirmed that HZQYF had promising in vitro anti-H. pylori activities and demonstrated its possible mechanism of action by down-regulating the bacterial adhesion, urease, and flagellar gene expression, which provided scientific bases for further clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Yajie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Chang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junwei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Mingjin Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Yuanjing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory in Shandong Province, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Nanchang Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangxi, China
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Surai PF, Surai A, Earle-Payne K. Silymarin and Inflammation: Food for Thoughts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:98. [PMID: 38247522 PMCID: PMC10812610 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a vital defense mechanism, creating hostile conditions for pathogens, preventing the spread of tissue infection and repairing damaged tissues in humans and animals. However, when inflammation resolution is delayed or compromised as a result of its misregulation, the process proceeds from the acute phase to chronic inflammation, leading to the development of various chronic illnesses. It is proven that redox balance disturbances and oxidative stress are among major factors inducing NF-κB and leading to over-inflammation. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory properties of various natural antioxidants have been widely tested in various in vitro and in vivo systems. Accumulating evidence indicates that silymarin (SM) and its main constituent silibinin/silybin (SB) have great potential as an anti-inflammation agent. The main anti-inflammatory mechanism of SM/SB action is attributed to the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways and the downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, CCL4, CXCL10, etc. Of note, in the same model systems, SM/SB was able to upregulate anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-β, etc.) and lipid mediators involved in the resolution of inflammation. The inflammatory properties of SM/SB were clearly demonstrated in model systems based on immune (macrophages and monocytes) and non-immune (epithelial, skin, bone, connective tissue and cancer) cells. At the same time, the anti-inflammatory action of SM/SB was confirmed in a number of in vivo models, including toxicity models, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, ischemia/reperfusion models, stress-induced injuries, ageing and exercising models, wound healing and many other relevant model systems. It seems likely that the anti-inflammatory activities of SM/SB are key elements on the health-promoting properties of these phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Surai
- Vitagene and Health Research Centre, Bristol BS4 2RS, UK
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istvan University, H-2103 Gödöllo, Hungary
- Biochemistry and Physiology Department, Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, 40021 Sumy, Ukraine
- Faculty of Technology of Grain and Grain Business, Odessa National Technological University, 65039 Odessa, Ukraine
| | | | - Katie Earle-Payne
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Renfrewshire Health and Social Care Centre, 10 Ferry Road, Renfrew PA4 8RU, UK
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Lyubitelev A, Studitsky V. Inhibition of Cancer Development by Natural Plant Polyphenols: Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10663. [PMID: 37445850 PMCID: PMC10341686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors remain one of the main sources of morbidity and mortality around the world. A chemotherapeutic approach to cancer treatment poses a multitude of challenges, primarily due to the low selectivity and genotoxicity of the majority of chemotherapeutic drugs currently used in the clinical practice, often leading to treatment-induced tumors formation. Highly selective antitumor drugs can largely resolve this issue, but their high selectivity leads to significant drawbacks due to the intrinsic tumor heterogeneity. In contrast, plant polyphenols can simultaneously affect many processes that are involved in the acquiring and maintaining of hallmark properties of malignant cells, and their toxic dose is typically much higher than the therapeutic one. In the present work we describe the mechanisms of the action of polyphenols on cancer cells, including their effects on genetic and epigenetic instability, tumor-promoting inflammation, and altered microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasily Studitsky
- Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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Fang HY, Zhao XN, Zhang M, Ma YY, Huang JL, Zhou P. Beneficial effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular diseases by influencing NLRP3 inflammasome. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01249-2. [PMID: 37261627 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of global mortality and have a high incidence rate worldwide. The function of inflammasomes in CVDs has received a lot of attention recently, and the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome may be a new target for the prevention and treatment of CVDs. Flavonoids, which are found in food and plant extracts, inhibited inflammation in CVDs by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. CB-Dock was used to investigate whether 34 flavonoids from natural products acted on NLRP3 inflammasome. In brief, the PDB format of NLRP3 was selected as a protein file, and 34 flavonoids in SDF format were selected as the ligand file, and then input to CB-Dock for molecular docking. The docking results showed that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), amentoflavone, baicalin, scutellarin, vitexin, silibinin, and puerarin had good binding affinities to NLRP3, which could be used as NLRP3 inhibitors, and aid in the discovery of lead compounds for the design and development of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Fang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ni Zhao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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Relationship of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:5521239. [PMID: 36742347 PMCID: PMC9891807 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5521239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have become increasingly recognized, both of which affect human health globally. The association of H. pylori infection with NAFLD remains unclear. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Only a random-effects model was used. Odds ratios (ORs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the combined estimates of raw data. Adjusted ORs (aORs) and hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for the combined estimates of data adjusted for confounders. Results Thirty-four studies with 218573 participants were included. Based on unadjusted data from 26 cross-sectional studies and 3 case-control studies, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with the presence of NAFLD (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.17-1.36, P < 0.001). Based on adjusted data from 15 cross-sectional studies and 1 case-control study, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with the presence of NAFLD (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.08-1.44, P < 0.001). Compared with control subjects without NAFLD, patients with moderate (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.17-2.39, P = 0.005) and severe (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.30-2.24, P < 0.001) NAFLD, but not those with mild NAFLD (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.9-1.45, P = 0.286), had significantly higher proportions of H. pylori infection. The association of H. pylori infection with the occurrence of NAFLD was statistically significant based on adjusted data from 3 cohort studies (aHR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05-1.34, P = 0.007), but not based on unadjusted data from 3 cohort studies (RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.80-2.48, P = 0.237). Conclusion H. pylori infection is associated with NAFLD, especially moderate and severe NAFLD. The impact of H. pylori eradication on the prevention of NAFLD should be further explored.
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Navashenaq JG, Shabgah AG, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Penson PE, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. The interaction of Helicobacter pylori with cancer immunomodulatory stromal cells: New insight into gastric cancer pathogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:951-959. [PMID: 34600095 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-linked deaths in the world. Gastric tumor cells have biological characteristics such as rapid proliferation, high invasiveness, and drug resistance, which result in recurrence and poor survival. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been proposed as a first-class carcinogen for gastric cancer according to the 1994 world health organization (WHO) classification. One of the important mechanisms by which H. pylori affects the gastric environment and promotes carcinogenesis is triggering inflammation. H. pylori induces an inflammatory response and a plethora of different signal transduction processes, leading to gastric mucosal disturbance, chronic gastritis, and a multi-step complex pathway that initiates carcinogenesis. It seems undeniable that the interaction between various cell types, including immune cells, gastric epithelium, glands, and stem cells, is vital for the progression and development of carcinogenesis concerning H. pylori. The interactions of H. pylori with surrounding cells play a key role in cancer progression. In this review, we discuss the interplay between H. pylori and tumor-supportive cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid derived-suppressor cells (MDSCs) in gastric cancer. It is hoped that clarifying the specific mechanisms for 'cross-talk' between H. pylori and these cells will provide promising strategies for developing new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Li M, Zheng Y, Zhao J, Liu M, Shu X, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Polyphenol Mechanisms against Gastric Cancer and Their Interactions with Gut Microbiota: A Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5247-5261. [PMID: 35892986 PMCID: PMC9332243 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of new drugs and resistance to existing drugs are serious problems in gastric cancer(GC) treatment. The research found polyphenols possess anti-Helicobacter pylori(Hp) and antitumor activities and may be used in the research and development of drugs for cancer prevention and treatment. However, polyphenols are affected by their chemical structures and physical properties, which leads to relatively low bioavailability and bioactivity in vivo. The intestinal flora can improve the absorption, utilization, and biological activity of polyphenols, whereas polyphenol compounds can increase the richness of the intestinal flora, reduce the activity of carcinogenic bacteria, stabilize the proportion of core flora, and maintain homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. Our review summarizes the gastrointestinal flora-mediated mechanisms of polyphenol against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matu Li
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinyu Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Meimei Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaochuang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Holasová K, Křížkovská B, Hoang L, Dobiasová S, Lipov J, Macek T, Křen V, Valentová K, Ruml T, Viktorová J. Flavonolignans from silymarin modulate antibiotic resistance and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112806. [PMID: 35303568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is currently a serious health problem. Since the discovery of new antibiotics no longer seems to be a sufficient tool in the fight against multidrug-resistant infections, adjuvant (combination) therapy is gaining in importance as well as reducing bacterial virulence. Silymarin is a complex of flavonoids and flavonolignans known for its broad spectrum of biological activities, including its ability to modulate drug resistance in cancer. This work aimed to test eleven, optically pure silymarin flavonolignans for their ability to reverse the multidrug resistance phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus and reduce its virulence. Silybin A, 2,3-dehydrosilybin B, and 2,3-dehydrosilybin AB completely reversed antibiotic resistance at concentrations of 20 µM or less. Both 2,3-dehydrosilybin B and AB decreased the antibiotic-induced gene expression of representative efflux pumps belonging to the major facilitator (MFS), multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) families. 2,3-Dehydrosilybin B also inhibited ethidium bromide accumulation and efflux in a clinical isolate whose NorA and MdeA overproduction was induced by antibiotics. Most of the tested flavonolignans reduced cell-to-cell communication on a tetrahydrofuran-borate (autoinducer-2) basis, with isosilychristin leading the way followed by 2,3-dehydrosilybin A and AB, which halved communication at 10 µM. Anhydrosilychristin was the only compound that reduced communication based on acyl-homoserine lactone (autoinducer 1), with an IC50 of 4.8 µM. Except for isosilychristin and anhydrosilychristin, all of the flavonolignans inhibited S. aureus surface colonization, with 2,3-dehydrosilybin A being the most active (IC50 10.6 µM). In conclusion, the selected flavonolignans, particularly derivatives of 2,3-dehydrosilybin B, 2,3-dehydrosilybin AB, and silybin A are non-toxic modulators of S. aureus multidrug resistance and can decrease the virulence of the bacterium, which deserves further detailed research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Holasová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Bára Křížkovská
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Lan Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Simona Dobiasová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Lipov
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Macek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic.
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13
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Sun Y, Shi X, Xing Y, Ren XX, Zhang DY, Li X, Xiu ZL, Dong YS. Co-culture of Aspergillus sydowii and Bacillus subtilis induces the production of antibacterial metabolites. Fungal Biol 2022; 126:320-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Balogun MM, Shamim S, Khan KM, Salar U, Oladosu IA, Lateef M, Wadood A, Taha M, Moronkola DO, Rehman AU, Rahim F, Perveen S. 2‐Mercapto Benzoxazole Derivatives as Novel Leads: Urease Inhibition,
In Vitro
and
In Silico
Studies. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Modinat M. Balogun
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Shahbaz Shamim
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Khalid M. Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC) Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 31441 Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Uzma Salar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | | | - Mehreen Lateef
- Department of Biochemistry Multi-Disciplinary Research Laboratory Bahira University Medical and Dental College Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC) Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 31441 Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ashfaq U. Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry, Shankar Campus Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra 21300 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui Karachi 75280 Pakistan
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15
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Xia T, Li J, Ren X, Liu C, Sun C. Research progress of phenolic compounds regulating IL-6 to exert antitumor effects. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6720-6734. [PMID: 34427003 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine therapy, which activates the host immune system, has become an important and novel therapeutic approach to treat various cancers. Recent studies have shown that IL-6 is an important cytokine that regulates the homeostasis in vivo. However, excessive IL-6 plays a pathological role in a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, especially in cancer. IL-6 can transmit signals through JAK/STAT, RAS /MAPK, PI3K/ Akt, NF-κB, and other pathways to promote cancer progression. Phenolic compounds can effectively regulate the level of IL-6 in tumor cells and improve the tumor microenvironment. This article focuses on the phenolic compounds through the regulation of IL-6, participate in the prevention of cancer, inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, reduce angiogenesis, improve therapeutic efficacy, and reduce side effects and other aspects. This will help to further advance research on cytokine therapy to reduce the burden of cancer and improve patient prognosis. However, current studies are mostly limited to animal and cellular experiments, and high-quality clinical studies are needed to further determine their antitumor efficacy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xia
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Ren
- Clinical Medical Colleges, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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16
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Cho K, Lee HG, Piao JY, Kim SJ, Na HK, Surh YJ. Protective Effects of Silibinin on Helicobacter pylori-induced Gastritis: NF-κB and STAT3 as Potential Targets. J Cancer Prev 2021; 26:118-127. [PMID: 34258250 PMCID: PMC8249208 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2021.26.2.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
More than half of the world's populations are considered to be infected by Helicobacter pylori. It causes a chronic inflammation of the stomach, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer and cancer. Silibinin, a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from milk thistle, has been known for its hepatoprotective effects, and recent studies have revealed its chemopreventive potential. In the present study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of silibinin in human gastric cancer MKN-1 cells and in the stomach of C57BL/6 mice infected by H. pylori. Pretreatment with silibinin attenuated the up-regulation of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in H. pylori-infected MKN-1 cells and mouse stomach. In addition, the elevated translocation and DNA binding of NF-κB and STAT3 induced by H. pylori infection were inhibited by silibinin treatment. Moreover, H. pylori infection in combination with high salt diet resulted in dysplasia and hyperplasia in mouse stomach, and these pathological manifestations were substantially mitigated by silibinin administration. Taken together, these findings suggest that silibinin exerts anti-inflammatory effects against H. pylori infection through suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 and subsequently, expression of COX-2 and iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwa Cho
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Geum Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juan-Yu Piao
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jung Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Knowledge-based Services Engineering, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Hebel-Gerber S, García-Cancino A, Urbina A, Simirgiotis MJ, Echeverría J, Bustamante-Salazar L, Sáez-Carrillo K, Alarcón J, Pastene-Navarrete E. Chilean Rhubarb, Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (Gunneraceae): UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Profiling of Aqueous Extract and its Anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:583961. [PMID: 33708110 PMCID: PMC7941271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.583961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The full UHPLC-MS metabolome fingerprinting and anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (Nalca) total extract (GTE) and fractions prepared from its edible fresh petioles were evaluated. The activity of G. tinctoria against H. pylori strains ATCC 45504 and J99 was assessed in vitro by means of agar diffusion assay, Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), while killing curve and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) were conducted in order to determine the effect of the plant extract on bacterial growth and ultrastructure. Additionally, the inhibitory effect upon urease was evaluated using both the Jack Bean and H. pylori enzymes. To determine which molecules could be responsible for the antibacterial effects, tentative identification was done by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap®-HR-MS). Furthermore, the total G. tinctoria extract was fractionated using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), giving four active fractions (1-4). It was determined that the crude extract and centrifugal partition chromatography fractions of G. tinctoria have a bactericidal effect being the lowest MIC and MBC = 32 μg/ml. In the killing curves, fraction one acts faster than control amoxicillin. In the urease assay, F3 exhibited the lowest IC50 value of 13.5 μg/ml. Transmission electronic microscopy showed that crude G. tinctoria extract promotes disruption and separation of the cellular wall and outer membrane detachment on H. pylori causing bacterial cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hebel-Gerber
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Angélica Urbina
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Bustamante-Salazar
- Departamento de Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Katia Sáez-Carrillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Julio Alarcón
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Edgar Pastene-Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
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