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Kang Y, Qian Z, Yu H, Lu J, Zhao Q, Qiao X, Ye M, Zhou X, Cai M. Programmable Biosynthesis of Plant-Derived 4'-Deoxyflavone Glycosides by an Unconventional Yeast Consortium. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301371. [PMID: 38348919 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Previous data established 4'-deoxyflavone glycosides (4'-DFGs) as important pharmaceutical components in the roots of rare medical plants like Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Extracting these compounds from plants involves land occupation and is environmentally unfriendly. Therefore, a modular ("plug-and-play") yeast-consortium platform is developed to synthesize diverse 4'-DFGs de novo. By codon-optimizing glycosyltransferase genes from different organisms for Pichia pastoris, six site-specific glycosylation chassis are generated to be capable of biosynthesizing 18 different 4'-DFGs. Cellular factories showed increased 4'-DFG production (up to 18.6-fold) due to strengthened synthesis of UDP-sugar precursors and blocked hydrolysis of endogenous glycosides. Co-culturing upstream flavone-synthesis-module cells with downstream glycoside-transformation-module cells alleviated the toxicity of 4'-deoxyflavones and enabled high-level de novo synthesis of 4'-DFGs. Baicalin is produced at the highest level (1290.0 mg L-1) in a bioreactor by controlling the consortium through carbon-source shifting. These results provide a valuable reference for biosynthesizing plant-derived 4'-DFGs and other glycosides with potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhilan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Haishuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiangshan Zhou
- China Resources Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Menghao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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2
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Wang PX, Mu XN, Huang SH, Hu K, Sun ZG. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of oroxylin A in cancer therapy: Recent advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176452. [PMID: 38417609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Seeking an effective and safe scheme is the common goal of clinical treatment of tumor patients. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has attracted more and more attention in order to discover new drugs with good anti-tumor effects. Oroxylin A (OA) is a compound found in natural Oroxylum indicum and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi plants and has been used in the treatment of various cancers. Studies have shown that OA has a wide range of powerful biological activities and plays an important role in neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-allergy, anti-tumor and so on. OA shows high efficacy in tumor treatment. Therefore, it has attracted great attention of researchers all over the world. This review aims to discuss the anti-tumor effects of OA from the aspects of cell cycle arrest, induction of cell proliferation and apoptosis, induction of autophagy, anti-inflammation, inhibition of glycolysis, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and reversal of drug resistance. In addition, the safety and toxicity of the compound were also discussed. As a next step, to clarify the benefits and adverse effects of Oroxylin A in cancer patients further experiments, especially clinical trials, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Xin Wang
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China; Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Mu
- Health Care (& Geriatrics) Ward 1, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Shu-Hong Huang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China.
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Su MC, Nethi SK, Dhanyamraju PK, Prabha S. Nanomedicine Strategies for Targeting Tumor Stroma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4145. [PMID: 37627173 PMCID: PMC10452920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor stroma, or the microenvironment surrounding solid tumors, can significantly impact the effectiveness of cancer therapies. The tumor microenvironment is characterized by high interstitial pressure, a consequence of leaky vasculature, and dense stroma created by excessive deposition of various macromolecules such as collagen, fibronectin, and hyaluronic acid (HA). In addition, non-cancerous cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and the extracellular matrix (ECM) itself can promote tumor growth. In recent years, there has been increased interest in combining standard cancer treatments with stromal-targeting strategies or stromal modulators to improve therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, the use of nanomedicine, which can improve the delivery and retention of drugs in the tumor, has been proposed to target the stroma. This review focuses on how different stromal components contribute to tumor progression and impede chemotherapeutic delivery. Additionally, this review highlights recent advancements in nanomedicine-based stromal modulation and discusses potential future directions for developing more effective stroma-targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Su
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Nanovaccine Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Pavan Kumar Dhanyamraju
- Fels Cancer Institute of Personalized Medicine, Lewis-Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Swayam Prabha
- Fels Cancer Institute of Personalized Medicine, Lewis-Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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4
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Song QQ, Lin LP, Chen YL, Qian JC, Wei K, Su JW, Ding JH, Lu M, Liu Y, Tan RX, Hu G. Characterization of LTr1 derived from cruciferous vegetables as a novel anti-glioma agent via inhibiting TrkA/PI3K/AKT pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1262-1276. [PMID: 36482085 PMCID: PMC10203337 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most fatal, invasive brain cancer with limited treatment options. Our previous studies show that 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3'-diindolylmethane (LTr1), a major metabolite of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) derived from cruciferous vegetables, produces anti-tumour effect against various tumour cell lines. In this study we characterized LTr1 as a novel anti-glioma agent. Based on screening 134 natural compounds and comparing the candidates' efficacy and toxicity, LTr1 was selected as the lead compound. We showed that LTr1 potently inhibited the viability of human glioma cell lines (SHG-44, U87, and U251) with IC50 values of 1.97, 1.84, and 2.03 μM, respectively. Furthermore, administration of LTr1 (100,300 mg· kg-1 ·d-1, i.g. for 18 days) dose-dependently suppressed the tumour growth in a U87 xenograft nude mouse model. We demonstrated that LTr1 directly bound with TrkA to inhibit its kinase activity and the downstream PI3K/AKT pathway thus inducing significant S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in SHG-44 and U87 cells by activating the mitochondrial pathway and inducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, LTr1 could cross the blood-brain barrier to achieve the therapeutic concentration in the brain. Taken together, LTr1 is a safe and promising therapeutic agent against glioma through inhibiting TrkA/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qi Song
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li-Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ya-Li Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ke Wei
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian-Wei Su
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian-Hua Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ren-Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Gang Hu
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
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Li D, Peng J, Ran J. LINC01094 Affects Glioma Cell Proliferation Through miR-204-3p. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study intends to assess LINC01094′s role in glioma cells. LINC01094 level in glioma tissue was detected by RT qPCR. After transfection of LINC01094 overexpression plasmid, LINC01094 siRNA, and si-LINC01094 and miR-204-3p inhibitor, cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT
and cell invasion and migration was assessed by transwell and scratch test. LINC01094 expression in glioma tissues was significantly increased. Overexpression of LINC01094 can significantly promote cell proliferation, which was significantly inhibited after knockdown of LINC01094. In addition,
silence of LINC01094 can upregulate miR-204-3p and inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis induced by overexpression of LINC01094. In conclusion, LINC01094 promotes glioma cell proliferation through miR-204-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daokun Li
- The Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441053, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Taihe Department of Hospital of Hubei University of Blood Medicine, Shiyan, 430050, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Ran
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Wulong District, Chongqing, 408500, China
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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Daimary UD, Kumar A, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Modulation of diverse oncogenic signaling pathways by oroxylin A: An important strategy for both cancer prevention and treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154369. [PMID: 35985182 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of major advances in diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies, cancer is still a foreboding cause due to factors like chemoresistance, radioresistance, adverse side effects and cancer recurrence. Therefore, continuous development of unconventional approaches is a prerequisite to overcome foregoing glitches. Natural products have found their way into treatment of serious health conditions, including cancer since ancient times. The compound oroxylin A (OA) is one among those with enormous potential against different malignancies. It is a flavonoid obtained from the several plants such as Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis and S. lateriflora, Anchietea pyrifolia, and Aster himalaicus. PURPOSE The main purpose of this study is to comprehensively elucidate the anticancerous effects of OA against various malignancies and unravel their chemosensitization and radiosensitization potential. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of OA have also been investigated. METHOD The literature on antineoplastic effects of OA was searched in PubMed and Scopus, including in vitro and in vivo studies and is summarized based on a systematic review protocol prepared according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The term "oroxylin A" was used in combination with "cancer" and all the title, abstracts and keywords appeared were considered. RESULTS In Scopus, a total of 157 articles appeared out of which 103 articles that did not meet the eligibility criteria were eliminated and 54 were critically evaluated. In PubMed, from the 85 results obtained, 26 articles were eliminated and 59 were included in the preparation of this review. Mounting number of studies have illustrated the anticancer effects of OA, and its mechanism of action. CONCLUSION OA is a promising natural flavonoid possessing wide range of pleiotropic properties and is a potential anticancer agent. It has a great potential in the treatment of multiple cancers including brain, breast, cervical, colon, esophageal, gall bladder, gastric, hematological, liver, lung, oral, ovarian, pancreatic and skin. However, lack of pharmacokinetic studies, toxicity assessments, and dose standardization studies and adverse effects limit the optimization of this compound as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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7
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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Girisa S, Devanarayanan TN, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sil SK, Sethi G, Chen JT, Kunnumakkara AB. Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1185. [PMID: 36139025 PMCID: PMC9496116 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene/protein/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, ERK1/2, Wnt/β-catenin, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-α, TGF-β, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1α, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Center, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Samir Kumar Sil
- Cell Physiology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Qian Z, Yu J, Chen X, Kang Y, Ren Y, Liu Q, Lu J, Zhao Q, Cai M. De Novo Production of Plant 4'-Deoxyflavones Baicalein and Oroxylin A from Ethanol in Crabtree-Negative Yeast. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:1600-1612. [PMID: 35389625 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Baicalein and oroxylin A are well-known medicinal 4'-deoxyflavones found mainly in the roots of traditional medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. However, extraction from plants is time-consuming, environmentally unfriendly, and insufficient. Although microbial synthesis of flavonoids has been extensively reported, synthesis of downstream modified 4'-deoxyflavones has not, and their yields are extremely low. Here, we reassembled the S. baicalensis 4'-deoxyflavone biosynthetic pathway in a Crabtree-negative yeast, Pichia pastoris, with activity analysis and combinatorial expression of eight biosynthetic genes, allowing production of 4'-deoxyflavones like baicalein, oroxylin A, wogonin, norwogonin, 6-methoxywogonin, and the novel 6-methoxynorwogonin. De novo baicalein synthesis was then achieved by complete pathway assembly. Toxic intermediates highly impaired the cell production capacity; hence, we alleviated cinnamic acid growth inhibition by culturing the cells at near-neutral pH and using alcoholic carbon sources. To achieve pathway balance and improve baicalein and oroxylin A synthesis, we further divided the pathway into five modules. A series of ethanol-induced and constitutive transcriptional amplification devices were constructed to adapt to the modules. This fine-tuning pathway control considerably reduced byproduct and intermediate accumulation and achieved high-level de novo baicalein (401.9 mg/L with a total increase of 1182-fold, the highest titer reported) and oroxylin A (339.5 mg/L, for the first time) production from ethanol. This study provides new strategies for the microbial synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavones and other flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yijia Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanna Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Menghao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Huang Y, Wang Y, Tang J, Qin S, Shen X, He S, Ju S. CAM-DR: Mechanisms, Roles and Clinical Application in Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:698047. [PMID: 34295898 PMCID: PMC8290360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.698047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the continuous improvement of various therapeutic techniques, the overall prognosis of tumors has been significantly improved, but malignant tumors in the middle and advanced stages still cannot be completely cured. It is now evident that cell adhesion-mediated resistance (CAM-DR) limits the success of cancer therapies and is a great obstacle to overcome in the clinic. The interactions between tumor cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules or adjacent cells may play a significant role in initiating the intracellular signaling pathways that are associated with cell proliferation, survival upon binding to their ligands. Recent studies illustrate that these adhesion-related factors may contribute to the survival of cancer cells after chemotherapeutic therapy, advantageous to resistant cells to proliferate and develop multiple mechanisms of drug resistance. In this review, we focus on the molecular basis of these interactions and the main signal transduction pathways that are involved in the enhancement of the cancer cells’ survival. Furthermore, therapies targeting interactions between cancer cells and their environment to enhance drug response or prevent the emergence of drug resistance will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Huang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shiyi Qin
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xianjuan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Song He
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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10
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Ding Y, Lv C, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Zhao L, Xu Y, Fan X. Vimentin loss promotes cancer proliferation through up-regulating Rictor/AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112666. [PMID: 34052237 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vimentin protein is one of the main cytoskeleton and plays an important role in cell motility and metastasis. Nowadays, vimentin is widely studied as an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker of cancer cells while its involvement in cancer proliferation is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the participation of vimentin in regulating cancer proliferation by silencing VIM gene in four cancer cell lines. Our results demonstrated that vimentin loss significantly induced cancer cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, which has not been reported so far. Mechanistically, knockdown of vimentin expression activated AKT phosphorylation and its downstream β-catenin signaling. Nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of β-catenin was enhanced after silencing vimentin expression. Furthermore, vimentin loss could prevent Rictor from autophagy-dependent degradation via reducing AMPK-mediated autophagy signaling. AICAR, an AMPK activator, down-regulated Rictor and p-AKT levels while vimentin knockdown could rescue the effects. In vivo, it was also found that Ki67 expression and p-AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway were obviously up-regulated in the tumor tissues in which vimentin was silenced compared to control groups. Taken together, these data showed the novel function of vimentin in regulating cancer proliferation via Rictor/AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway, which suggested that it need more careful consideration before inhibiting metastatic cancers through targeting vimentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiang Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Conggai Lv
- The Second Hospital of Shi JiaZhuang, Shi Jiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - You Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Xiangshan Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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