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Luo Z, Zhu J, Xu R, Wan R, He Y, Chen Y, Wang Q, Chen S, Chen S. Exercise-downregulated CD300E acted as a negative prognostic implication and tumor-promoted role in pan-cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1437068. [PMID: 39144140 PMCID: PMC11321962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1437068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer ranks as one of the most prevalent malignancies among women globally, with increasing incidence rates. Physical activity, particularly exercise, has emerged as a potentially significant modifier of cancer prognosis, influencing tumor biology and patient outcomes. Methods Using a murine breast cancer model, we established a control and an exercise group, where the latter was subjected to 21 days of voluntary running. RNA Sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, pan-cancer analysis, and cell experiments were performed to validate the underlying mechanisms. Results We observed that exercise significantly reduced tumor size and weight, without notable changes in body weight, suggesting that physical activity can modulate tumor dynamics. mRNA sequencing post-exercise revealed substantial downregulation of CD300E in the exercise group, accompanied by alterations in critical pathways such as MicroRNAs in cancers and the Calcium signaling pathway. Expanding our analysis to a broader cancer spectrum, CD300E demonstrated significant expression variability across multiple cancer types, with pronounced upregulation in myeloma, ovarian, lung, and colorectal cancers. This upregulation was correlated with poorer prognostic outcomes, emphasizing CD300E's potential role as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. Moreover, CD300E expression was associated with cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Conclusion The study highlights the dual role of exercise in modulating gene expression relevant to tumor growth and the potential of CD300E as a target in cancer therapeutics. Further research is encouraged to explore the mechanisms by which exercise and CD300E influence cancer progression and to develop targeted strategies that could enhance patient outcomes in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinguo Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nantong Tongzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Xu
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renwen Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanwei He
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Khalifa A, Guijarro A, Nencioni A. Advances in Diet and Physical Activity in Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients 2024; 16:2262. [PMID: 39064705 PMCID: PMC11279876 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is currently a growing interest in diets and physical activity patterns that may be beneficial in preventing and treating breast cancer (BC). Mounting evidence indicates that indeed, the so-called Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and regular physical activity likely both help reduce the risk of developing BC. For those who have already received a BC diagnosis, these interventions may decrease the risk of tumor recurrence after treatment and improve quality of life. Studies also show the potential of other dietary interventions, including fasting or modified fasting, calorie restriction, ketogenic diets, and vegan or plant-based diets, to enhance the efficacy of BC therapies. In this review article, we discuss the biological rationale for utilizing these dietary interventions and physical activity in BC prevention and treatment. We highlight published and ongoing clinical studies that have applied these lifestyle interventions to BC patients. This review offers valuable insights into the potential application of these dietary interventions and physical activity as complimentary therapies in BC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Khalifa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Ana Guijarro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Aires I, Duarte JA, Vitorino R, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Oliveira P, Ferreira R. Restoring Skeletal Muscle Health through Exercise in Breast Cancer Patients and after Receiving Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7533. [PMID: 39062775 PMCID: PMC11277416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) stands out as the most commonly type of cancer diagnosed in women worldwide, and chemotherapy, a key component of treatment, exacerbates cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting, contributing to adverse health outcomes. Notably, the impact of chemotherapy on skeletal muscle seems to surpass that of the cancer itself, with inflammation identified as a common trigger for muscle wasting in both contexts. In skeletal muscle, pro-inflammatory cytokines modulate pathways crucial for the delicate balance between protein synthesis and breakdown, as well as satellite cell activation and myonuclear accretion. Physical exercise consistently emerges as a crucial therapeutic strategy to counteract cancer and chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting, ultimately enhancing patients' quality of life. However, a "one size fits all" approach does not apply to the prescription of exercise for BC patients, with factors such as age, menopause and comorbidities influencing the response to exercise. Hence, tailored exercise regimens, considering factors such as duration, frequency, intensity, and type, are essential to maximize efficacy in mitigating muscle wasting and improving disease outcomes. Despite the well-established anti-inflammatory role of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise proves equally or more beneficial in terms of mass and strength gain, as well as enhancing quality of life. This review comprehensively explores the molecular pathways affected by distinct exercise regimens in the skeletal muscle of cancer patients during chemotherapy, providing critical insights for precise exercise implementation to prevent skeletal muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Aires
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (I.A.); (R.F.)
- CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- CIAFEL, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.D.); (D.M.-G.)
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- CIAFEL, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.D.); (D.M.-G.)
| | - Paula Oliveira
- CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (I.A.); (R.F.)
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Vitucci D, Martone D, Alfieri A, Buono P. Muscle-derived exosomes and exercise in cancer prevention. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1202190. [PMID: 39086668 PMCID: PMC11285545 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1202190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
There are a lot of evidences on the beneficial effects mediated by exercise on the prevention of not communicable diseases (NCDs) including different type of cancer. The production of circulating exerkines transported in exosomes represents a novel pathway activated by exercise. However, the biological mechanisms that could explain the role of exosomes in cancer prevention have been not fully elucidated. The aim of this mini-review is to provide an update on the biological mechanisms bringing the release of muscle-derived exosomes during exercise and cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vitucci
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Martone
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sport Sciences—University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Andreina Alfieri
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
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Hyde ET, LaCroix AZ, Evenson KR, Howard AG, Anuskiewicz B, Di C, Bellettiere J, LaMonte MJ, Manson JE, Buring JE, Shiroma EJ, Lee IM, Parada H. Accelerometer-measured physical activity and postmenopausal breast cancer incidence in the Women's Health Accelerometry Collaboration. Cancer 2023; 129:1579-1590. [PMID: 36812131 PMCID: PMC10133094 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined accelerometer-measured physical activity and incident breast cancer (BC). Thus, this study examined associations between accelerometer-measured vector magnitude counts per 15 seconds (VM/15s) and average daily minutes of light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and total PA (TPA) and BC risk among women in the Women's Health Accelerometry Collaboration (WHAC). METHODS The WHAC comprised 21,089 postmenopausal women (15,375 from the Women's Health Study [WHS]; 5714 from the Women's Health Initiative Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study [OPACH]). Women wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ on the hip for ≥4 days and were followed for 7.4 average years to identify physician-adjudicated in situ (n = 94) or invasive (n = 546) BCs. Multivariable stratified Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tertiles of physical activity measures in association with incident BC overall and by cohort. Effect measure modification was examined by age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS In covariate-adjusted models, the highest (vs. lowest) tertiles of VM/15s, TPA, LPA, and MVPA were associated with BC HRs of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.64-0.99), 0.84 (95% CI, 0.69-1.02), 0.89 (95% CI, 0.73-1.08), and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.64-1.01), respectively. Further adjustment for BMI or physical function attenuated these associations. Associations were more pronounced among OPACH than WHS women for VM/15s, MVPA, and TPA; younger than older women for MVPA; and women with BMI ≥30 than <30 kg/m2 for LPA. CONCLUSION Greater levels of accelerometer-assessed PA were associated with lower BC risk. Associations varied by age and obesity and were not independent of BMI or physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Hyde
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Andrea Z. LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kelly R. Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Annie Green Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Blake Anuskiewicz
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Chongzhi Di
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John Bellettiere
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michael J. LaMonte
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie E. Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric J. Shiroma
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Humberto Parada
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
- UC San Diego Health Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
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6
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Mohr M, Fatouros IG, Asghar M, Buono P, Nassis GP, Krustrup P. Football training as a non-pharmacological treatment of the global aging population-A topical review. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1146058. [PMID: 36844000 PMCID: PMC9947510 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1146058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present topical mini-review, the beneficial impact of small-sided game football training for the increasing elderly global population is presented. As a multicomponent type of physical activity, football training executed on small pitched with 4-6 players in each team is targeting a myriad of physiological systems and causes positive adaptations of relevance for several non-communicable diseases, of which the incidence increases with advancing age. There is strong scientific evidence that this type of football training promotes cardiovascular, metabolic and musculo-skeletal health in elderly individuals. These positive adaptations can prevent cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and lower the risk of falls. Also, football training has been proven an efficient part of the treatment of several patient groups including men with prostate cancer and women after breast cancer. Finally, regular football training has an anti-inflammatory effect and may slow the biological aging. Overall, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that recreational football training can promote health in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands,*Correspondence: Magni Mohr,
| | - Ioannis G. Fatouros
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Pasqualina Buono
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellness, University Parthenope, Naples, Italy,CEINGE-Biotecnologie avanzate Francesco Salvatore, Napoli, Italy
| | - George P. Nassis
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Department of Physical Education, College of Education, United Arab Emirates, University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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7
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Gu J, Hu M, Chen Y, Yu J, Ji Y, Wei G, Huo J. Bibliometric analysis of global research on physical activity and sedentary behavior in the context of cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1095852. [PMID: 36776335 PMCID: PMC9909561 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1095852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Numerous studies focusing on sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) in the context of cancer have been reported in recent years. We analyzed and visualized studies on SB and PA in patients with cancer over the last 20 years using scientometric methods, to provide insights on gaps and deficiencies in the literature, and to inform future research guidelines. Methods All relevant studies in the field from 2001 to October 2022 were reviewed using bibliometric tools, including VOSviewer, Bibliometric online analysis platform, and biblioshiny, to determine the most influential countries, institutions, journals, and authors. We explored current research hotpots and potential research trends, based on keyword clustering and dynamic changes. Our research focuses on PA, SB, and cancer across the entire cancer continuum, from primary prevention to treatment to cancer survivorship. Results Scientometric analysis identified 4,382 relevant manuscripts on SB and PA in the context of cancer, with a 10-fold increase in articles over the past 20 years. The United States, Canada, and Australia were the most influential countries. The journal, Supportive Care in Cancer, had the highest number of publications, while Clinical Oncology had the highest H-index. K.S. Courneya was the most influential author in this field, with the highest number of publications, total citations, and H-index. Keyword analysis revealed that current research is focused on PA and SB in patients with breast cancer, quality of life, and aerobic exercise. Future frontiers include cancer prehabilitation programs and cardiorespiratory fitness, and remote intervention and social support. Conclusion By using bibliometrics, we conducted a comprehensive review of SB and PA in cancer-related studies. The current research focused on exercise and sedentariness in breast cancer patients and the role of PA in improving quality of life in survivorship. Emerging research foci were generally around cancer prehabilitation programs and remote intervention issues for PA. In addition, some publication deficits are noted: studies of PA and SB in less common cancers; the recommended doses and intensities of exercise for cancer; the timing of interventions for prehabilitation and the establishment of individualized exercise protocols. These deficiencies align with the needs for future research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Gu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Hu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,The Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yonglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialin Yu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Ji
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoli Wei
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Guoli Wei, ; Jiege Huo,
| | - Jiege Huo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Guoli Wei, ; Jiege Huo,
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Zhou Y, Jia N, Ding M, Yuan K. Effects of exercise on inflammatory factors and IGF system in breast cancer survivors: a meta-analysis. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:507. [PMID: 36482346 PMCID: PMC9730577 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, there are multiple hypotheses regarding the mechanisms underlying the effect of exercise on the postoperative inflammatory factors and the IGF system among breast cancer patients, especially. To determine the underlying mechanisms, prevent the recurrence of breast cancer and improve its prognosis, this paper will systematically evaluate the impact of exercise on inflammatory factors and the IGF system in breast cancer survivors. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP (Chinese scientific and technical journals) databases were systematically searched until April 2021. The search terms included 'exercise', 'inflammatory factor', 'IGF system' and 'breast cancer'. A total of 1066 relevant articles were retrieved. The articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, such as study population, intervention method and type of experiment, and 11 articles were ultimately included. All statistical results were analysed using STATA 14.0 and Rstudio 4.1.1. RESULTS We found that exercise significantly reduced the level of IGF-1 (WMD, -19.947 ng/ml; 95% CI, -22.669 to -17.225; P = 0.000). Subgroup analysis showed that in the studies with an intervention period > 12 weeks, exercise significantly reduced IL-6 levels (WMD, -0.761 pg/ml; 95% CI, -1.369 to -0.153; p = 0.014), while in the studies with an intervention period ≤ 12 weeks, exercise significantly reduced CRP (WMD, -2.381 mg/L; 95% CI, -4.835 to 0.073, P = 0.001) and IL-10 levels (WMD, -7.141 pg/ml, 95% CI, -10.853 to -3.428; P = 0.000). In addition, aerobic exercise plus resistance training significantly reduced IL-6 levels (WMD, -1.474 pg/ml; 95% CI, -1.653 to -1.296; P = 0.000). The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that after excluding the studies with high heterogeneity, exercise significantly reduced the TNF-α levels in patients with breast cancer (WMD, -1.399 pg/ml; 95% CI, -1.718 to -1.080; P = 0.000). CONCLUSION Exercise reduces the postoperative levels of IGF-1, IL-6, CRP, IL-10 and TNF-α among patients with breast cancer, which may have a significant impact on inhibiting breast cancer recurrence and improving its prognosis. Future studies should examine the effects of different durations and types of exercise to develop individualized exercise prescriptions for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhou
- grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Ningxin Jia
- grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Meng Ding
- grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Kai Yuan
- grid.452422.70000 0004 0604 7301Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 262799 Shandong China
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9
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Orlandella FM, De Stefano AE, Braile M, Luciano N, Mancini A, Franzese M, Buono P, Salvatore G. Unveiling the miRNAs responsive to physical activity/exercise training in cancer: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 180:103844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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10
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Associations between Pre-Diagnostic Physical Activity with Breast Cancer Characteristics and Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071756. [PMID: 35406528 PMCID: PMC8997033 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is known to reduce breast cancer (BC) risk and improve patient prognosis. However, the association between pre-diagnostic PA and the aggressiveness of BC is unclear. We investigated the associations between PA, BC tumour characteristics, and survival. This retrospective observational study included 7688 BC patients from the Singapore Breast Cancer Cohort (2010−2016). PA information from the questionnaire included intensity (light/moderate/vigorous) and duration (<1 h/1−2 h/>2 h per week). A PA score (1−5) incorporating intensity and duration was calculated. Associations between PA score and tumour characteristics such as stage, histological grade, nodal and hormone receptor status were examined using multinomial regression. Moreover, 10-year overall survival was estimated using Cox regression analysis in 6572 patients after excluding patients with invalid survival data and stage IV disease. Breast tumours associated with higher PA score were more likely to be non-invasive (ORinvasive vs. non-invasive(reference) [95% CI]: 0.71 [0.58−0.87], p-trend = 0.001), of lower grade (ORpoorly vs. well differentiated(reference): 0.69 [0.52−0.93], p = 0.014), ER-positive (ORER-negative vs. ER-positive(reference): 0.94 [0.89−1.00], p-trend = 0.049), PR-positive (ORPR-negative vs. PR-positive(reference): 0.82 [0.67−0.99], p = 0.041), HER2-negative (ORHER2-negative vs. HER2-positive(reference): 1.29 [1.02−1.62], p-trend = 0.002), and less likely to be of HER2-overexpressed subtype (ORHER2-overexpressed vs. Luminal A(reference): 0.89 [0.81−0.98], p-trend = 0.018). These associations (odds ratios) were more pronounced among post-menopausal patients. A higher PA score did not improve survival. Higher levels of pre-diagnostic PA were associated with less aggressive tumours in BC patients. This illustrated another benefit of PA in addition to its known role in BC risk reduction.
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11
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Jia T, Liu Y, Fan Y, Wang L, Jiang E. Association of Healthy Diet and Physical Activity With Breast Cancer: Lifestyle Interventions and Oncology Education. Front Public Health 2022; 10:797794. [PMID: 35400043 PMCID: PMC8984028 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.797794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cancer statistics suggest that breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women, with an estimated 2. 3 million new cases reported in 2020. Observational evidence shows a clear link between prevention and development of invasive BC and lifestyle-based interventions such as a healthy diet and physical activity. The recent findings reveal that even minimal amounts of daily exercise and a healthy diet reduced the risk of BC, mitigated the side effects of cancer treatment, and stopped the recurrence of cancer in the survivors. Despite the myriad benefits, the implementation of these lifestyle interventions in at-risk and survivor populations has been limited to date. Given the need to disseminate information about the role of physical activity and nutrition in BC reduction, the review aimed to present the recent scientific outreach and update on associations between the lifestyle interventions and BC outcomes to narrow the gap and strengthen the understanding more clearly. This review covers more direct, detailed, and updated scientific literature to respond to frequently asked questions related to the daily lifestyle-based interventions and their impact on BC risk and survivors. This review also highlights the importance of the oncology provider's job and how oncology education can reduce the BC burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Jia
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lintao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Enshe Jiang
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12
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Hong BS. Regulation of the Effect of Physical Activity Through MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:455-465. [PMID: 34872116 DOI: 10.1055/a-1678-7147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity and exercise can induce beneficial molecular and biological regulations that have been associated with an incidence of various diseases, including breast cancer. Recent studies demonstrated that the potential links between physical activity-induced circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and cancer risk and progression. Here, we investigated whether altered miRNAs by exercise could influence breast cancer progression. After primary searching in PubMed and reviewing the full-text papers, candidate miRNAs altered by exercise in breast cancer were identified. Analysis of expression profiles and clinical outcomes of altered miRNAs using The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets showed altered miRNAs expressions were significantly associated with the patient's prognosis, whereas prognostic values of each miRNA varied in different stages and subtypes. In addition, altered miRNAs profiles regulated various target genes and key signaling pathways in tumorigenesis, including pathways in cancer and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway; however, miRNAs regulated the expression of target genes differently according to tumor stages and subtypes. These results indicate that circulating miRNAs are promising noninvasive stable biomarkers for early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring the response to clinical therapies of breast cancer. Moreover, stages and subtype-stratified approaches for breast cancer progression would be needed to evaluate the prognostic value of miRNAs for biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bok Sil Hong
- Cheju Halla University, Life Science Research Center, Department of Nursing, Jeju, Korea (the Republic of)
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13
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Dilnaz F, Zafar F, Afroze T, Zakia UB, Chowdhury T, Swarna SS, Fathma S, Tasmin R, Sakibuzzaman M, Fariza TT, Eshan SH. Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity: Two Imperative Components in Breast Cancer Prevention. Cureus 2021; 13:e17306. [PMID: 34567862 PMCID: PMC8451519 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous advances in medicine over the past few decades and significantly improved understanding of the symptomology and contributors to breast cancer (BC) incidence, BC rates continue to rise worldwide, with BC being a leading cause of cancer-related death among women. To reduce BC incidence, it is necessary to focus on promoting prevention strategies through a population-based approach of lowering exposure to modifiable risk factors in addition to the application of newer drug interventions (chemoprevention) for prevention in high-risk populations. Currently, available data suggest that lifestyle modifications through a healthy diet and increased physical activity (PA) play a crucial role in BC prevention; specifically, there is growing evidence to indicate that the Mediterranean diet (MeD) lowers cancer risk. This review summarizes the potential role of the MeD and PA in reducing BC risk, with an additional focus on microbial modulation in BC prevention, based on the current evidence obtained from PubMed. After reviewing the immunomodulatory and anticarcinogenic effects of both the MeD and PA, we conclude that further evaluation and proper implementation of both interventions can significantly reduce the risk of BC and associated mortality in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Dilnaz
- Internal Medicine, Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College & Hospital, Sylhet, BGD
| | - Farzina Zafar
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Decatur, USA
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, USA
| | - Tanzina Afroze
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Ummul B Zakia
- Internal Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Tutul Chowdhury
- Internal Medicine, One Brooklyn Health System, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Sanzida S Swarna
- Addiction Medicine, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Sawsan Fathma
- Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Internal Medicine, Bangladesh Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Ruhina Tasmin
- Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Md Sakibuzzaman
- Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
- Experimental Pathology (Cancer Biology), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Internal Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
- Neuroscience, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Evolution of physical activity and body weight changes in breast cancer survivors five years after diagnosis - VICAN 2 & 5 French national surveys. Breast 2021; 59:248-255. [PMID: 34315007 PMCID: PMC8326424 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Regular physical activity (PA) and healthy body weight have proven benefits on survival in breast cancer (BC) survivors. We aimed to define predictors of long-term PA and weight gain in a representative sample of BC survivors. Methods Data were analysed from 723 women with BC who participated in both the 2012 and 2015 French National VICAN surveys. Results Five years after diagnosis, 26.0, 60.6, and 13.4 % of BC survivors reported regular, occasional and no PA, respectively. Moreover, 27.4 % had a weight gain ≥5 kg. In multinomial logistic regressions, regular and occasional PA were both associated with not having depressive disorders, with higher post-traumatic growth, and with a healthy and stable Body Mass Index. Occasional PA was associated with the use of non-conventional medicine, and regular PA with better mental quality of life and normal arm mobility. Weight gain ≥5 kg was associated with younger age, heavier body weight at diagnosis, and lymphedema 5 years after diagnosis. Conclusions Mental well-being is associated with successful long-term patient investment in PA. Psychological support and early management of disease sequelae are needed to help ensure BC survivors engage in and maintain healthy lifestyles. A quarter of breast cancer survivors at 5 years reported regular physical activity. Occasional physical activity was associated with use of non-conventional medicine. Mental well-being was associated with long-term investment in physical activity. Early sequelae managing may help survivors engage in and maintain healthy lifestyles.
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Han JK, Kim G. Role of physical exercise in modulating the insulin-like growth factor system for improving breast cancer outcomes: A meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2021; 152:111435. [PMID: 34098007 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity prevents cancer and improves cancer outcomes. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling plays a significant role in cancer development and progression. However, there are heterogeneous results regarding physical activity and its effect on the IGF system. This study meta-analyzed the results of randomized clinical trials which evaluated the effects of physical exercise on the changes of physiologic markers to identify the role of physical exercise in modulating the IGF system in women with breast cancer. METHODS PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched until October 2020. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of physical exercise on the insulin-like growth factor system among women with breast cancer. RESULTS Twelve randomized controlled studies involving 736 participants were analyzed. Physical exercise significantly reduced levels of serum insulin (MD -1.24 μIU/mL, 95% CI -2.12 to -0.36, p = 0.006), IGF-II (MD -54.21 ng/mL, 95% CI -61.41 to -47.00, p < 0.00001), IGFBP-1 (MD -2.90 ng/mL, 95% CI -3.91 to -1.90, p < 0.00001), and HOMA score (MD -0.47, 95% CI -0.87 to -0.06, p = 0.02). In addition, serum glucose (MD -0.71 mg/dL, 95% CI -2.57 to 1.15; p = 0.45) and IGF-I levels (MD -5.23 ng/mL, 95% CI -13.00 to 2.53; p = 0.19) were decreased after physical exercise although they did not show a statistical significance. CONCLUSION Physical exercise had a positive effect on the IGF system in women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joung-Kyue Han
- College of Sport Science, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Gangmi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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E2F1 copy number variations in germline and breast cancer: a retrospective study of 222 Italian women. Mol Med 2021; 27:26. [PMID: 33691613 PMCID: PMC7948349 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common neoplasia among women in developed countries. The risk factors of breast cancer can be distinguished in modifiable and unmodifiable factors and, among the latter, genetic factors play a key role. Copy number variations (CNVs) are genetic variants that are classified as rare when present in less than 1% of the healthy population. Since rare CNVs are often cause of diseases, over the last years, their contribution in carcinogenesis has become a relevant matter of study. E2F1 is a transcriptional factor that plays an important role in regulating cell cycle and apoptosis. Its double and conflicting role is the reason why it acts both as oncogene and as tumour suppressor, depending on cell context. Since anomalies in expression or in number of copies of E2F1 have been related to several cancers, we aimed to study number of germline copies of E2F1 in women with breast cancer in order to better elucidate their contribution as predisposing factor to this tumour. Methods We performed, hence, a retrospective study on 222 Italian women with breast cancer recruited from October 2002 to December 2007. TaqMan CNV assay and Real-Time PCR were carried out to analyse, respectively, E2F1 CNV and E2F1 expression in the subjects of the study. Chi square test or Fisher’s exact test and Student's t‐test were used to calculate the frequency of CNVs and differences in continuous variables between groups, respectively. Results Intriguingly, we found that 10/222 (4.5%) women with breast cancer had more copies than controls (0/200, 0%), furthermore, the number of copies positively correlated with E2F1 gene expression in breast cancer tissue, suggesting that the constitutive gain of the gene could translate into an increased risk of genomic instability. Additionally, we found that altered E2F1 copies were present prevalently in the patients with contralateral breast cancer (20%) and all of them had a positive family history, both typically associated with hereditary cancer. Conclusions Our findings suggest that copy number variations of E2F1 might be a susceptibility factor for breast cancer, however, further studies on large cohorts are to be performed in order to better delineate the phenotype linked to the gain of E2F1 copies.
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