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Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Fu L, Zhang L, Xu C, Loor JJ, Wang G, Zhang T, Dong X. Vitamin C injection improves antioxidant stress capacity through regulating blood metabolism in post-transit yak. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10233. [PMID: 37353533 PMCID: PMC10290073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transportation stress is one of the most serious issues in the management of yak. Previous studies have demonstrated that transport stress is caused by a pro-oxidant state in the animal resulting from an imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant status. In this context, vitamin C has the ability to regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and alleviate oxidative stress. Although this effect of vitamin C is useful in pigs, goats and cattle, the effect of vitamin C on the mitigation of transport stress in yaks is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to better assess the metabolic changes induced by the action of vitamin C in yaks under transportation stress, and whether these changes can influence antioxidant status. After the yaks arrived at the farm, control or baseline blood samples were collected immediately through the jugular vein (VC_CON). Then, 100 mg/kg VC was injected intramuscularly, and blood samples were collected on the 10th day before feeding in the morning (VC). Relative to the control group, the VC injection group had higher levels of VC. Compared with VC_CON, VC injection significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the blood concentrations of ALT, AST, T-Bil, D-Bil, IDBIL, UREA, CRP and LDH. However, VC injection led to greater (P < 0.05) AST/ALT and CREA-S relative to VC_CON. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in GGT, ALP, TBA, TP, ALBII, GLO, A/G, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, GLU and L-lactate between VC_CON and VC. The injection of VC led to greater (P < 0.05) concentration of MDA, but did not alter (P > 0.05) the serum concentrations of LPO and ROS. The injection of VC led to greater (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of POD, CAT and GSH-PX. In contrast, lower (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of SOD, POD and TPX were observed in VC relative to VC_CON. No difference (P > 0.05) in GSH, GSH-ST and GR was observed between VC_CON and VC. Compared with the control group, metabolomics using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry identified 156 differential metabolites with P < 0.05 and a variable importance in projection (VIP) score > 1.5 in the VC injection group. The injection of VC resulted in significant changes to the intracellular amino acid metabolism of glutathione, glutamate, cysteine, methionine, glycine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, alanine and aspartate. Overall, our study indicated that VC injections were able to modulate antioxidant levels by affecting metabolism to resist oxidative stress generated during transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, College of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Tibet Leowuqi Animal Husbandry Station, Changdu Tibet, 855600, China
| | - Changhui Xu
- Tibet Leowuqi Animal Husbandry Station, Changdu Tibet, 855600, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - Gaofu Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, College of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Xianwen Dong
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, 402460, China.
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Xu K, Yang K, Yang Y, Wu W, Zhou C. Supplementation of feed and water after long-duration road transportation: The effects on welfare and rumen fermentation in goats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1135666. [PMID: 37056234 PMCID: PMC10089285 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1135666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Water and feed are needed for livestock during their long-duration road transportation. However, limited information is available on the need to supply water and feed to livestock at temporary holding stations after road transportation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of providing water and feed at holding stations on the welfare of goats in mimic surroundings. A total of 24 Guizhou black goats were randomly divided into three groups of eight goats each as follows: deprived of water and feed (TRT0), supplemented with water ad libitum (TRT1), and supplemented with water and feed ad libitum (TRT2). Blood and rumen fluid samples were collected before loading (denoted as “PRE” in this article) and after transport (denoted as “POST” in this article). Statistical analysis was performed via the SAS procedure PROC MIXED. The 10-h road transportation period reduced body weight in TRT0 goats (p < 0.05) but not in TRT1 and TRT2 (p > 0.05). TRT0 and TRT1 goats had POST plasma glucose concentrations above their PRE values (p < 0.05). The PRE-plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) levels were higher in TRT2 compared to TRT0 (p < 0.05) goats, while the POST–PUN levels increased in TRT1 compared to TRT0 goats. The POST non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration was higher for TRT0 compared to that in TRT1 and TRT2 (p < 0.05) goats. No difference was observed for plasma profiles of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p > 0.05). TRT2 goats had higher POST glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity than TRT0 and TRT1 (p < 0.05) goats. TRT0 goats had higher POST plasma glucagon (GC) compared to TRT2 (p < 0.05) and had increased values compared to their own PRE level as a result of road transportation (p < 0.05). TRT2 goats resulted in a lower POST plasma heat-stressed protein-70 (HSP-70) level than TRT0. There was no difference in ruminal pH (p > 0.05). Ruminal total VFA (acetate, propionate, butyrate), and the NH3-ammonia profiles showed a decrease (p < 0.05) after transportation in all groups. Ruminal microcrystalline cellulose, xylanase, cellobiase, and carboxymethyl cellulose activities were unaffected (p > 0.05). These combined results imply that water and feed supplementation to livestock can effectively alleviate stress responses in goats subjected to road transportation and emphasize the necessity to establish water and feed supplies even at a temporary holding pen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Animal Science College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Animal Science College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Animal Science College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenxuan Wu
- Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Animal Science College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Wenxuan Wu
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- Key Lab of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhou P, Fu L, Zhang L, Xu C, Loor JJ, Zhang T, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Dong X. Vitamin E supplementation improves post-transportation systemic antioxidant capacity in yak. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278660. [PMID: 36459516 PMCID: PMC9718397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of post-transportation vitamin E (VE) supplementation on health condition, blood biochemical parameters, blood antioxidant indices and blood metabolomics in yak. Five yaks were used in this study. After 2100 km of highway transportation from Riwoqe county to Rongchang County, Chongqing, blood was collected immediately after arrival and these samples served as the baseline (control, CON_VE). A VE injection (40 mg/kg) was then performed and blood samples were collected 10 days later. Injection of VE led to lower serum VE concentration. Relative to the CON_VE, VE injection led to greater concentrations of creatinine and lower concentrations of glutamate pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, direct bilirubin, UREA and glucose. Compared with CON_VE, VE injection led the lower serum level of malondialdehydeand greater serum level of glutathione s-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase 4. Based on metabolomics analysis, 119 differentially altered serum metabolites (P<0.05 and VIP>1.0) were identified with VE injection relative to CON_VE. VE injection resulted in changes of lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphocholine, choline, malate, citrate, α-Oxo-glutarate, phenylalanine, 3-Phenylpropanoic acid and 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid. These metabolites are associated with lipid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative stress. Overall, our study indicates that VE injection can alleviate transportation stress in yak partly through protecting liver and kidney, and improving antioxidant defense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Tibet Leowuqi Animal Husbandry Station, Changdu Tibet, China
| | - Changhui Xu
- Tibet Leowuqi Animal Husbandry Station, Changdu Tibet, China
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Tao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (XD)
| | - Xianwen Dong
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (XD)
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Zhao BC, Tang YX, Qiu BH, Xu HL, Wang TH, Elsherbeni AIA, Gharib HBA, Li JL. Astragalus polysaccharide mitigates transport stress-induced hepatic metabolic stress via improving hepatic glucolipid metabolism in chicks. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6648457. [PMID: 35866893 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the modern poultry industry, newly hatched chicks are unavoidably transported from the hatching to the rearing foster. Stress caused by multiple physical and psychological stressors during transportation is particularly harmful to the liver. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) possesses multiple benefits against hepatic metabolic disorders. Given that transport stress could disturb hepatic glucolipid metabolism and the role of APS in metabolic regulation, we speculated that APS could antagonize transport stress-induced disorder of hepatic glucolipid metabolism. Firstly, newly hatched chicks were transported for 0, 2, 4, 8 h, respectively. Subsequently, to further investigated the effects of APS on transport stress-induced hepatic glucolipid metabolism disturbance, chicks were pretreated with water or APS and then subjected to transport treatment. Our study suggested that APS could relieve transport stress induced lipid deposition in liver. Meanwhile, transport stress also induced disturbances in glucose metabolism, reflected by augmented mRNA expression of key molecules in gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Surprisingly, APS could simultaneously alleviate these alterations via PGC1α/SIRT1/AMPK pathway. Moreover, APS treatment regulated the level of PPARα and PPARγ, thereby alleviating transport stress-induced alterations of VLDL synthesis, cholesterol metabolism, lipid oxidation, synthesis and transport-related molecules. These findings indicated that APS could prevent the potential against transport stress-induced hepatic glucolipid metabolism disorders via PGC1α/ SIRT1/ AMPK/ PPARα/ PPARγ signaling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Chen Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xi Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Bai-Hao Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Liang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Hao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
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Hamad B, Hadef L, Aggad H. Stress responses in camels subjected to different rest periods (0 and 12 h) at slaughterhouse. Acta Trop 2022; 234:106612. [PMID: 35850235 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of two different rest periods (R0: no rest time, and R12: 12 h of rest) on several stress indicators, including plasma and serum stress parameters, in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). This study involved 60 healthy male dromedary camels aged 5 years, from which blood samples were collected. Cortisol, glucose, urea, creatinine, the enzymatic activity of creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkalinephosphatase were analyzed. Data obtained indicated that rest time had a significant effect on cortisol, creatinine, creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant effect was found for glucose, urea, alanine aminotransferase, and alkalinephosphatase. The values of cortisol and creatinine showed a significant decrease at R12. In contrast, the enzymatic activity of creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase, significantly increased at R12. Additionally, several correlations between different studied parameters were documented, including for lactic dehydrogenase. The results obtained in this study suggest that rest time may influence welfare indicating parameters. In summary, a rest time of more than 12 h is recommended in order to allow camels to recover from the effects of pre-slaughter stress. Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase might be suitable to use as an indicator of stress in camels during the slaughter process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Hamad
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of El Oued, P.O. Box 789, El Oued 39000, Algeria; Laboratory of Hygiene and Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria.
| | - Leyla Hadef
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of El Oued, P.O. Box 789, El Oued 39000, Algeria; Laboratory of Hygiene and Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria
| | - Hebib Aggad
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Animal Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria
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