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Wu CE, Zhuang YW, Zhou JY, Liu SL, Zou X, Wu J, Wang RP, Shu P. Nm23-H1 inhibits hypoxia induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Biol Chem 2020; 400:765-776. [PMID: 30763256 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Nm23 gene has been acknowledged to play a crucial role in lung cancer metastasis inhibitory cascades controlled by multiple factors. Low expression or allelic deletion of nm23-H1 is strongly linked to widespread metastasis and poor differentiation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, nm23-H1 was down regulated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness enhancement under cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxia in NSCLC cells. Moreover, knocking down of nm23-H1 by shRNA apparently promoted hypoxia induced EMT and stemness, which was entirely suppressed via over expression of nm23-H1. Mechanistically, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was found to participate in the nm23-H1-mediated process. Besides, XAV939 prohibited cell EMT and stemness which could be impaired by knocking down of nm23-H1, while stable transfection of nm23-H1 attenuated hypoxia phonotype induced by lithium chloride (LiCl). Generally, our experiment provided evidence that nm23-H1 can reverse hypoxia induced EMT and stemness through the inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which may furnish a deeper perspective into the better treatment or prognosis for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-En Wu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhuang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shen-Lin Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Zou
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui-Ping Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
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Xia L, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Deng S, Deng Y, Yang Z, Mei J, Liu L. Decreased expression of EFCC1 and its prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:672. [PMID: 31930073 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background So far, there is a lack of reliable prognostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). Initially, we found that EF-hand and coiled-coil domain containing 1 (EFCC1) was a novel gene which was downregulated consistently with the progression of lung ADC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data through bioinformatics analysis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of EFCC1 in lung ADC in both TCGA data and clinical samples. Methods Firstly, the expression level and prognostic significance of EFCC1 in lung ADC were investigated in TCGA data. Then, the expression level of EFCC1 was validated by qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in five clinical lung ADC and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. Finally, the association of EFCC1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) in lung ADC patients was further evaluated in 130 clinical lung ADC samples with tissue microarray (TMA). Results In TCGA data, we found that decreased mRNA expression (P<0.001), elevated DNA methylation (P<0.001) of EFCC1 in lung ADC samples compared with normal lung samples, and low EFCC1 mRNA expression was associated with poor OS in lung ADC patients (HR =0.856, 95% CI: 0.754-0.970, P=0.015). In five clinical lung ADC and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues, both mRNA and protein levels of EFCC1 were lower in all lung ADC tissues than in their adjacent non-tumor counterparts. In 130 clinical lung ADC samples with TMA, EFCC1 expression was correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages (P=0.040) and lymph node metastasis status (P=0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve revealed that low EFCC1 expression was significantly associated with poor OS in lung ADC patients (P=0.001) and multivariate Cox regression hazard model demonstrated that EFCC1 expression level was an independent prognostic factor for lung ADC patients (HR =0.557, 95% CI: 0.351-0.883, P=0.013). Conclusions Our findings suggested that decreased expression of EFCC1 was significantly associated with progression of lung ADC and could serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for lung ADC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunke Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chuanfen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Senyi Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yulan Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiandong Mei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Western China Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chang YW, Su YJ, Hsiao M, Wei KC, Lin WH, Liang CJ, Chen SC, Lee JL. Diverse Targets of β-Catenin during the Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Define Cancer Stem Cells and Predict Disease Relapse. Cancer Res 2015; 75:3398-410. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Su YJ, Chang YW, Lin WH, Liang CL, Lee JL. An aberrant nuclear localization of E-cadherin is a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin-elicited promotion of the cancer stem cell phenotype. Oncogenesis 2015; 4:e157. [PMID: 26075748 PMCID: PMC4491612 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2015.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that Wnt signaling contributes to reprogramming and maintenance of cancer stem cell (CSC) states activated by loss of membranous E-cadherin expression. However, E-cadherin's exact role in Wnt/β-catenin-mediated promotion of the CSC phenotype remains unclear. Recently, a significant positive correlation has been observed between the expression of nuclear (an aberrant nuclear localization) E-cadherin and β-catenin in gastric and colorectal carcinomas. Here we conducted a series of in-vitro and in-vivo studies to show that the β-catenin/TCF4 interaction was abolished by E-cadherin and was correlated with its nuclear localization, and consequently decreased β-catenin/TCF4 transcriptional activity. Nuclear E-cadherin was a negative regulator of Wnt/β-Catenin-elicited promotion of the CSC phenotype. Using immunohistochemistry on lung cancer tissue microarrays, we found that changes in subcellular location of E-cadherin may be described by tumor grade and stage, suggesting cellular redistribution during lung tumorigenesis. Furthermore, nuclear E-cadherin expression was more significantly inversely correlated with CD133 (a lung CSC marker) expression (P<0.005) than total E-cadherin expression (P<0.05), suggesting that lung cancer as defined by nuclear E-cadherinLow/nuclear β-cateninHigh/CD133High biomarkers has superior prognostic value over total E-cadherinLow/nuclear β-cateninHigh/CD133High.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Su
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Y-W Chang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - W-H Lin
- 1] Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan [2] Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - C-L Liang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - J-L Lee
- 1] Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan [2] Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Lu Z, Zhang Y, Yan X, Chen Y, Tao X, Wang J, Jia N, Lyu T, Wang J, Ding J, Feng W, Hua K. Estrogen stimulates the invasion of ovarian cancer cells via activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and regulation of its downstream targets E‑cadherin and α‑actinin‑4. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2433-40. [PMID: 25216292 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies by our group revealed that the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway was involved in estrogen‑induced metastasis in ovarian cancer cells. In the present study, the role and mechanism of estrogen‑induced invasion was further explored using a stable short hairpin RNA (shRNA) estrogen receptor α/β (ER α/β) SKOV3 cell line when ER α and ER β were knocked down by lentiviral infection. The effects of estrogen and LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, on the invasion of shRNA ER α/β SKOV3 cells were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. 17‑β estradiol promoted cell invasion, activated phosphorylated AKT in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, decreased E‑cadherin and increased cytoplasmic α‑actinin‑4 expression. When the PI3K/AKT pathway was suppressed by LY294002, the effect of estrogen was attenuated. Estrogen stimulated the growth of shRNA ER α/β SKOV3 xenograft tumors in nude mice, whereas LY294002 inhibited the growth and antagonized the effect of estrogen. The results indicate that estrogen promotes the invasion of ovarian cancer cells via activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, downregulation of E‑cadherin and upregulation of α‑actinin‑4 in an ER‑independent manner. Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway may be a useful treatment for ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Lu
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yisong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Tao
- Department of Pathology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Lyu
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Ding
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Zhao JQ, Sun FJ, Liu SS, Yang J, Wu YQ, Li GS, Chen QY, Wang JX. Expression of Connexin 43 and E-cadherin Protein and mRNA in Non-small Cell Lung Cancers in Chinese Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:639-43. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.2.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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7
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Zhao R, Wu Z, Zhou Q. [Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2012; 14:620-4. [PMID: 21762634 PMCID: PMC6000277 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.07.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the transfer of malignant tumors from one organ to a distant organ. It is the most common cause of death in cancer patients. Different molecular mechanisms enable tumor cells to infiltrate the surrounding tissue, invade blood vessels and leave the blood stream at a different site. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for appropriate embryonic development, and this process is re-engaged in adults during wound healing, tissue regeneration, organ fibrosis, and cancer progression. EMT is the first step in tumor invasion and metastasis. A detailed knowledge of the molecular requirements for EMT in human cancer will help us to better understand tumor progression and to delineate more effective strategies for future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Zhao
- Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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8
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Liu RY, Lei Z, Li W, Xu L, Liu Z, Chen XF, Zhao J, Zhang HT. Infrequently methylated event at sites -181 to -9 within the 5' CpG island of E-cadherin in non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Lung Res 2010; 35:541-53. [PMID: 19842844 DOI: 10.1080/01902140902770016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing of E-cadherin via aberrant methylation has been investigated in various human tumors, whereas evidence for elucidating mechanism underlying reduction of E-cadherin mRNA remains unclear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The authors previously found that reduction of E-cadherin mRNA or protein expression has been frequently observed in NSCLC. In this study, the authors explore the contribution of E-cadherin methylation to the development and progression of NSCLC. The authors directly performed the bisulfite DNA sequencing to examine CpG methylation within the 5' CpG island of E-cadherin in 35 tumor and paired normal tissue specimens from patients with primary NSCLC. Then, the authors measured the level of E-cadherin mRNA by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Despite of reduction in E-cadherin mRNA by 65.7% (23/35) and presence of methylation by 28.6% (10/35) in tumors, the authors found no association of reduction of E-cadherin mRNA level with methylation of 19 sites from -181 to -9 bp located upstream from the translation start of E-cadherin in NSCLC. In conclusion, the authors provide no evidence for the presence of aberrant methylation sites of E-cadherin in tumors from patients with NSCLC, which can explain decrease of E-cadherin mRNA. Decrease in E-cadherin mRNA may be regulated by methylation-independent pathways in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reng-Yun Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
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Plakoglobin interacts with and increases the protein levels of metastasis suppressor Nm23-H2 and regulates the expression of Nm23-H1. Oncogene 2010; 29:2118-29. [PMID: 20101217 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plakoglobin (gamma-catenin) is a homolog of beta-catenin with similar dual adhesive and signaling functions. The adhesive function of these proteins is mediated by their interactions with cadherins, whereas their signaling activity is regulated by association with various intracellular partners. In this respect, beta-catenin has a well-defined oncogenic activity through its role in the Wnt signaling pathway, whereas plakoglobin acts as a tumor/metastasis suppressor through mechanisms that remain unclear. We previously expressed plakoglobin in SCC9 squamous carcinoma cells (SCC9-P) and observed a mesenchymal-to-epidermoid transition. Comparison of the protein and RNA profiles of parental SCC9 cells and SCC9-P transfectants identified various differentially expressed proteins and transcripts, including the nonmetastatic protein 23 (Nm23). In this study, we show that Nm23-H1 mRNA and Nm23-H2 protein are increased after plakoglobin expression. Coimmunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy studies using SCC9-P and various epithelial cell lines with endogenous plakoglobin expression revealed that Nm23 interacts with plakoglobin, cadherins and alpha-catenin. Furthermore, Nm23-H2 is the primary isoform involved in these interactions, which occur prominently in the cytoskeleton-associated pool of cellular proteins. In addition, we show that plakoglobin-Nm23 interaction requires the N-terminal (alpha-catenin interacting) domain of plakoglobin. Our data suggest that by increasing the expression and stability of Nm23, plakoglobin has a role in regulating the metastasis suppressor activity of Nm23, which may further provide a potential mechanism for the tumor/metastasis suppressor function of plakoglobin itself.
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Zhang XF, Wang YM, Ge H, Cao YY, Chen ZF, Wen DG, Guo W, Wang N, Li Y, Zhang JH. Association of CDH1 single nucleotide polymorphisms with susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and gastric cardia carcinomas. Dis Esophagus 2008; 21:21-9. [PMID: 18197935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin (CDH1) is a tumor suppressor involved in epithelial cell-cell interactions. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the CDH1 gene, -160C/A and -347G/GA in the 5'-promoter region and +54C/T in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) have been shown to be associated with tumor development and progression via modifying transcriptional activity, mRNA stability or protein expression. To investigate the influence of CDH1 SNP on susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCA), a case-control study was conducted among 333 ESCC patients, 239 GCA patients and 343 controls from a northern Chinese population. CDH1 polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The results showed that; (i) genotypes with the +54C allele (C/C or C/T) significantly increased the risk of developing both ESCC and GCA compared to the +54T/T genotype (age and gender adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.45 and 2.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-1.99 and 1.58-3.30, respectively), and this association was significant only among non-smokers (OR = 1.68 and 2.64, 95% CI = 1.01-2.80 and 1.43-4.87 for ESCC and GCA, respectively), and individuals without a family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer (OR = 2.63 and 2.97, 95% CI = 1.36-5.10 and 95% CI = 1.32-6.68 for ESCC and GCA, respectively); (ii) compared with the -347G/G genotype, the -347GA and GA/GA genotypes significantly increased the risk of developing GCA (OR = 1.45, 95 % CI = 1.03-2.04); (iii) there was a significant association of CDH1-160C/-347G/+54C and -160C/-347GA/+54C haplotypes with the development of GCA, compared with the -160C/-347G/+54T haplotype (OR = 1.80 and 2.21, 95% CI = 1.33-2.44 and 1.43-3.42, respectively); and (iv) the influence of CDH1 SNP on the depth of tumor invasion and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC and GCA patients was not observed in this study. The present study indicates that CDH1 polymorphisms might modify susceptibility to ESCC and/or GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-F Zhang
- Hebei Cancer Institute and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang Hebei Province, China
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Tsuchiya B, Sato Y, Kameya T, Okayasu I, Mukai K. Differential expression of N-cadherin and E-cadherin in normal human tissues. ARCHIVES OF HISTOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY 2006; 69:135-45. [PMID: 16819153 DOI: 10.1679/aohc.69.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin, which expressed in various epithelial tissues, is important for the maintenance of normal epithelial phenotypes. However, the distribution of N-cadherin in normal human tissues has not been defined systemically. In the present study, we employed a sensitive, reliable immunohistochemical detection system for N-cadherin on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and succeeded in demonstrating N- and E-cadherin protein expressions and their distribution in normal human tissues. E-cadherin immunoreactivity was detected in all the epithelial tissues examined, except for the adrenal cortical cells and granulosa cells. N-cadherin was selectively expressed on epithelial cells of the thymus, pituitary, pancreas, liver, adrenal, endometrium of the uterus, ovary, and stomach as well as in neuronal tissues. Double immunostaining revealed that N-cadherin expression was closely associated with the hormone-producing ability of cells in the pancreas and pituitary. Thus, this study indicated the possibility that N-cadherin is selectively expressed in relation to hormonal regulation in some organs and plays different functions in different situations. The method presented here should prove useful for the further investigation of the N-cadherin expression and function in several disease conditions on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benio Tsuchiya
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Abstract
Within a cell, the levels and activity of multiple pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules act in concert to regulate commitment to apoptosis. Whilst the balance between survival and death can be tipped by the effects of single molecules, cellular apoptosis control pathways very often incorporate key transcription factors that co-ordinately regulate the expression of multiple apoptosis control genes. C-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs), which were originally identified through their binding to the Adenovirus E1A oncoprotein, have been described as such transcriptional regulators of the apoptosis program. Specifically, CtBPs function as transcriptional co-repressors, and have been demonstrated to promote cell survival by suppressing the expression of several pro-apoptotic genes. In this review we summarize the evidence supporting a key role for CtBP proteins in cell survival. We also describe the known mechanisms of transcriptional control by CtBPs, and review the multiplicity of intracellular signaling and transcriptional control pathways with which they are known to be involved. Finally we consider these findings in the context of additional known roles of CtBP molecules, and the potential implications that this combined knowledge may have for our comprehension of diseases of cell survival, notably cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Bergman
- Cancer Sciences Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
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13
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Salon C, Lantuejoul S, Eymin B, Gazzeri S, Brambilla C, Brambilla E. The E-cadherin–β-catenin complex and its implication in lung cancer progression and prognosis. Future Oncol 2005; 1:649-60. [PMID: 16556042 DOI: 10.2217/14796694.1.5.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The E-cadherin–β−catenin complex plays a pivotal role in epithelial cell–cell adhesion and in the maintenance of differentiated adult epithelia. Perturbation of its expression or function is widely involved in tumor progression and metastasis. Recent years have seen a rapid expansion in the understanding of the biology and the clinical relevance of the E-cadherin adhesion complex in human lung cancer. During human lung cancer progression genomic, transcriptionnal and post-transcriptionnal alterations of the E-cadherin–β-catenin adhesion system are implicated and comprise deletion of the chromosomic region 3p21 that comprise the locus of the gene encoding β-catenin, transcriptionnal downregulation of E-cadherin, cytoplasmic redistribution, phosphorylation of both proteins and proteolysis of E-cadherin. E-cadherin-inactivating mutations and oncogenic-activating mutation of β-catenin are not reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Salon
- University Hospital, Department of Pathology, INSERM Unit U578, University Hospital, BP 217, Grenoble, France
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