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Ito R, Yashiro M, Tsukioka T, Izumi N, Komatsu H, Inoue H, Yamamoto Y, Nishiyama N. GLUT1 and PKM2 may be useful prognostic predictors in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer following curative R0 resection. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:129. [PMID: 36844619 PMCID: PMC9950336 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a poor prognosis despite recent progresses being made regarding its treatment. In addition, there is a paucity of reliable and independent prognostic predictors for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following curative resection. Glycolysis is associated with the malignancy and proliferation of cancer cells. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) promotes glucose uptake, whereas pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) promotes anaerobic glycolysis. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the expression of GLUT1 and PKM2 and the clinicopathological features of patients with NSCLC, and to identify a reliable prognostic factor for NSCLC following curative resection. Patients with NSCLC who underwent curative surgery were retrospectively enrolled to the present study. GLUT1 and PKM2 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the association between the clinicopathological features of patients with NSCLC and the expression of GLUT1 and PKM2 was assessed. Of the 445 patients with NSCLC included in the present study, 65 (15%) were positive for both GLUT1 and PKM2 expression (G+/P+ group). GLUT1 and PKM2 positivity was significantly associated with sex, absence of adenocarcinoma, lymphatic invasion and pleural invasion. Furthermore, patients with NSCLC in the G+/P+ group presented significantly poorer survival rates than those expressing other markers. G+/P+ expression was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that the combination of GLUT1 and PKM2 may be considered a reliable prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC following curative resection, especially in patients with stage I NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Ito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan,Correspondence to: Dr Masakazu Yashiro, Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, E-mail:
| | - Takuma Tsukioka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Izumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Inoue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yurie Yamamoto
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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2
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Shepherd DJ, Tabb ES, Kunitoki K, Zhang ML, Kem M, Barth J, Qualls DA, Mooradian MJ, Gainor JF, Mino-Kenudson M, Hung YP. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 in non-small-cell lung carcinomas: correlations with clinicopathologic features and prognostic significance. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:615-624. [PMID: 34880448 PMCID: PMC9050756 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) modulates the tumor microenvironment through immunosuppressive effects. Its associations with clinicopathologic parameters and prognostic significance in non-small-cell lung carcinomas remain unclear. We examined LAG-3 expression in 368 resected non-small-cell lung carcinomas (including 218 adenocarcinomas and 150 squamous-cell carcinomas) using tissue microarrays, with normalization to CD8+ T-cell count (LAG-3/CD8 index), and correlated LAG-3, CD8, and LAG-3/CD8 index with clinicopathologic features, molecular status, and survival. LAG-3 expression in the immune cells (ranged 0.35-540.1 cells/mm²) was identified in 92% of non-small-cell lung carcinomas. In adenocarcinomas and squamous-cell carcinomas, LAG-3 expression correlated with CD8+ T-cell count and PD-L1 expression. In adenocarcinomas, high LAG-3 expression (defined as >median) was additionally associated with smoking history, high T stage, aggressive pathologic features (solid-predominant histologic pattern, lymphovascular invasion, and nodal metastasis), and lack of EGFR mutation. In the entire resected tumor cohort and in adenocarcinomas, high LAG-3 and LAG-3/CD8 index were each associated with worse overall survival. In squamous-cell carcinomas, high CD8 was associated with better overall survival. In an exploratory analysis of pretreatment samples from advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma patients treated with pembrolizumab, high CD8 was predictive of improved overall and progression-free survival, while high LAG-3, but not high LAG-3/CD8 index, was associated with improved progression-free survival. In conclusion, the clinicopathologic correlations and prognostic impact of LAG-3 in non-small-cell lung carcinoma are histotype-dependent, highlighting differences in the immune microenvironment between adenocarcinomas and squamous-cell carcinomas. The predictive impact of LAG-3 warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Shepherd
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabeth S. Tabb
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keiko Kunitoki
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Lisa Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marina Kem
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Jaimie Barth
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - David A. Qualls
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meghan J. Mooradian
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin F. Gainor
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yin P. Hung
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Jiang Y, Willmore E, Wedge SR, Ryan AJ. DNAPK Inhibition Preferentially Compromises the Repair of Radiation-induced DNA Double-strand Breaks in Chronically Hypoxic Tumor Cells in Xenograft Models. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1663-1671. [PMID: 34158348 PMCID: PMC7611623 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can be repaired by homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Recently, it has been found that chronic tumor hypoxia compromises HR repair of DNA DSBs but activates the NHEJ protein DNAPK. We therefore hypothesized that inhibition of DNAPK can preferentially potentiate the sensitivity of chronically hypoxic cancer cells to radiation through contextual synthetic lethality in vivo In this study, we investigated the impact of DNAPK inhibition by a novel selective DNAPK inhibitor, NU5455, on the repair of radiation-induced DNA DSBs in chronically hypoxic and nonhypoxic cells across a range of xenograft models. We found that NU5455 inhibited DSB repair following radiation in both chronically hypoxic and nonhypoxic tumor cells. Most importantly, the inhibitory effect was more pronounced in chronically hypoxic tumor cells than in nonhypoxic tumor cells. This is the first in vivo study to indicate that DNAPK inhibition may preferentially sensitize chronically hypoxic tumor cells to radiotherapy, suggesting a broader therapeutic window for transient DNAPK inhibition combined with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Elaine Willmore
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R Wedge
- Cancer Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anderson J Ryan
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
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4
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Zhang G, Dong R, Kong D, Liu B, Zha Y, Luo M. The Effect of GLUT1 on Survival Rate and the Immune Cell Infiltration of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta and Bioinformatics Analysis. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:223-238. [PMID: 34238200 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210708115406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are two major subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Studies have shown that abnormal expression of glucose transport type 1 (GLUT1) in NSCLC patients has been associated with progression, aggressiveness, and poor clinical outcome. However, the clinical effect of GLUT1 expression on LUAD and LUSC is unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to learn more about the character of GLUT1 in LUAD and LUSC. METHODS A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the GLUT1 protein level, and bioinformatics analysis was used to detect the GLUT1 mRNA expression level, survival differences, and the infiltration abundance of immune cells in samples from TCGA. Meanwhile, functional and network analysis was conducted to detect important signaling pathways and key genes with the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. RESULTS Our results showed that GLUT1 was over-expressed both in LUAD and LUSC. LUAD patients with high GLUT1 expression had a poor prognosis. Additionally, GLUT1 was related to B cell and neutrophil infiltration of LUAD. In LUSC, GLUT1 was correlated with tumor purity, B cell, CD8+ T cell, CD4+ T cell, macrophage, neutrophil, and dendritic cell infiltration. The GEO dataset analysis results suggested GLUT1 potentially participated in the p53 signaling pathway and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 and was associated with KDR, TOX3, AGR2, FOXA1, ERBB3, ANGPT1, and COL4A3 gene in LUAD and LUSC. CONCLUSION GLUT1 might be a potential biomarker for aggressive progression and poor prognosis in LUAD, and a therapeutic biomarker in LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, China
| | - Rong Dong
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, China
| | - Demiao Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Gui Yang, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Gui Yang, China
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5
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Prognostic role of glycolysis for cancer outcome: evidence from 86 studies. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:967-999. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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6
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Jan YH, Lai TC, Yang CJ, Lin YF, Huang MS, Hsiao M. Adenylate kinase 4 modulates oxidative stress and stabilizes HIF-1α to drive lung adenocarcinoma metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:12. [PMID: 30696468 PMCID: PMC6352453 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adenylate kinase 4 (AK4) has been identified as a biomarker of metastasis in lung cancer. However, the impacts of AK4 on metabolic genes and its translational value for drug repositioning remain unclear. Methods Ingenuity upstream analyses were used to identify potential transcription factors that regulate the AK4 metabolic gene signature. The expression of AK4 and its upstream regulators in lung cancer patients was examined via immunohistochemistry. Pharmacological and gene knockdown/overexpression approaches were used to investigate the interplay between AK4 and its upstream regulators during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Drug candidates that reversed AK4-induced gene expression were identified by querying a connectivity map. Orthotopic xenograft mouse models were established to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of drug candidates for metastatic lung cancer. Results We found that HIF-1α is activated in the AK4 metabolic gene signature. IHC analysis confirmed this positive correlation, and the combination of both predicts worse survival in lung cancer patients. Overexpression of AK4 exaggerates HIF-1α protein expression by increasing intracellular ROS levels and subsequently induces EMT under hypoxia. Attenuation of ROS production with N-acetylcysteine abolishes AK4-induced invasion potential under hypoxia. Pharmacogenomics analysis of the AK4 gene signature revealed that withaferin-A could suppress the AK4-HIF-1α signaling axis and serve as a potent anti-metastatic agent in lung cancer. Conclusions Overexpression of AK4 promotes lung cancer metastasis by enhancing HIF-1α stability and EMT under hypoxia. Reversing the AK4 gene signature with withaferin-A may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy to treat metastatic lung cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-019-0698-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ching Lai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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7
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The clinicopathologic impacts and prognostic significance of GLUT1 expression in patients with lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Gene 2018; 689:76-83. [PMID: 30552981 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating studies have reported that GLUT1 is aberrantly expressed in lung cancer; nevertheless, the clinicopathologic significance and the prognostic role of GLUT1 still remain controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify the clinicopathologic and prognostic implications of the GLUT1 expression in lung cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Databases with literature published in English, including Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang database in Chinese were searched comprehensively for relevant studies in August 2017. The pooled odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the clinicopathologic significance and prognostic value of GLUT1 in lung cancer. RESULTS A total of 26 studies (2653 cases) were included in the current study. Totally, 1423 patients from nineteen studies were included to assess the relationships between GLUT1 and clinicopathological parameters, the pooled OR indicated that positive GLUT1 expression was significantly related with classification (adenocarcinomas vs. squamous carcinomas, OR = 0.276, 95% CIs: 0.117-0.651, P = 0.003), tumor differentiation (G3-4 vs. G2~1, OR = 1.944, 95% CIs: 1.384-2.730; P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (positive vs. negative, OR = 3.65, 95% CIs: 1.82-7.32, P < 0.001),tumor size (large tumor size vs. small tumor size, OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.42-2.91, P < 0.001), and advanced tumor stages (OR = 2.527, 95% CIs: 1.325-4.820). Regarding the significance of GLUT1 in the overall survival (OS) of lung cancer, the pooled HRs with 1731 lung cancer patients was 1.41 (P = 0.002; 95% CIs: 1.13-1.76). Additionally, the overexpression of GLUT1 could significantly predict the shorter disease-free survival (HR = 1.68, 95% CIs: 1.01-2.79) and disease-specific survival (HR = 1.59, 95% CIs: 1.11-2.29). CONCLUSIONS A positive expression of GLUT1 significantly predicts a poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. GLUT1 may server as a helpful biomarker and a potential target for the treatment strategies of lung cancer.
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8
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Martínez-Terroba E, Behrens C, Agorreta J, Monsó E, Millares L, Felip E, Rosell R, Ramirez JL, Remirez A, Torre W, Gil-Bazo I, Idoate MA, de-Torres JP, Pio R, Wistuba II, Pajares MJ, Montuenga LM. 5 protein-based signature for resectable lung squamous cell carcinoma improves the prognostic performance of the TNM staging. Thorax 2018; 74:371-379. [PMID: 30472670 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prognostic biomarkers have been very elusive in the lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and none is currently being used in the clinical setting. We aimed to identify and validate the clinical utility of a protein-based prognostic signature to stratify patients with early lung SCC according to their risk of recurrence or death. METHODS Patients were staged following the new International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) staging criteria (eighth edition, 2018). Three independent retrospective cohorts of 117, 96 and 105 patients with lung SCC were analysed to develop and validate a prognostic signature based on immunohistochemistry for five proteins. RESULTS We identified a five protein-based signature whose prognostic index (PI) was an independent and significant predictor of disease-free survival (DFS) (p<0.001; HR=4.06, 95% CI 2.18 to 7.56) and overall survival (OS) (p=0.004; HR=2.38, 95% CI 1.32 to 4.31). The prognostic capability of PI was confirmed in an external multi-institutional cohort for DFS (p=0.042; HR=2.01, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.94) and for OS (p=0.031; HR=2.29, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.86). Moreover, PI added complementary information to the newly established IASLC TNM 8th edition staging system. A combined prognostic model including both molecular and anatomical (TNM) criteria improved the risk stratification in both cohorts (p<0.05). CONCLUSION We have identified and validated a clinically feasible protein-based prognostic model that complements the updated TNM system allowing more accurate risk stratification. This signature may be used as an advantageous tool to improve the clinical management of the patients, allowing the reduction of lung SCC mortality through a more accurate knowledge of the patient's potential outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martínez-Terroba
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jackeline Agorreta
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Monsó
- Neumology Service, Parc Taulí Universitary Hospital, Sabadell, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Millares
- Neumology Service, Parc Taulí Universitary Hospital, Sabadell, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - José Luis Ramirez
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ana Remirez
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Wenceslao Torre
- Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gil-Bazo
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Idoate
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan P de-Torres
- Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Neumology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - María J Pajares
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Program in Solid Tumors, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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9
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Ibis K, Saglam S, Saglam EK, Firat P, Yilmazbayhan D, Toker A, Ozkan B, Hancer VS, Buyukdogan M, Disci R, Pilanci KN. Prognostic significance of carbonic anhydrase IX overexpression in stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients after neoadjuvant treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1291-1296. [PMID: 30029935 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the prognostic importance of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), a hypoxic biomarker, after neoadjuvant treatment in Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Tissue CA IX expression was examined after surgical resection in 77 patients who had undergone neoadjuvant treatment. The effects of CA IX overexpression and other clinical factors on disease-free survival and overall survival were investigated. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, number of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) courses and gender emerged as significant independent predictors for disease-free survival, where administration of 2-3 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) (HR, 3.2 [95% CI 1.3-7.6], p = 0.009) and female gender were associated with poor survival (HR, 3.2 [95% CI 1.3-7.7], p = 0.009). The only significant independent predictor for overall survival was recurrence (HR, 5.6 [95% CI 2.4-12.8], p < 0.001). On the other hand, CA IX overexpression was not associated with disease free survival (p = 0.560) or overall survival (p = 0.799). DISCUSSION Our results do not suggest a prognostic role for CA IX overexpression in stage III NSCLC patients who received neoadjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamuran Ibis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezer Saglam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Esra Kaytan Saglam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Firat
- Department of Pathology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Alper Toker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berker Ozkan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Veysel S Hancer
- Istinye University, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Rian Disci
- Department of Biostatistics, Basic Medical Sciences, Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kezban Nur Pilanci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Haseki Egitim Arastirma Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Emprou C, Le Van Quyen P, Jégu J, Prim N, Weingertner N, Guérin E, Pencreach E, Legrain M, Voegeli A, Leduc C, Mennecier B, Falcoz P, Olland A, Santelmo N, Quoix E, Massard G, Guenot D, Chenard M, Beau‐Faller M. SNAI2 and TWIST1 in lymph node progression in early stages of NSCLC patients. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3278-3291. [PMID: 29845746 PMCID: PMC6051239 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is an important prognosis factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lymph node progression in the early stages of NSCLC. We studied a retrospective cohort of 160 consecutive surgically treated NSCLC patients with available frozen tumor samples for expression of EMT markers (CDH1, CTNNB1, CDH2, and VIMENTIN), inducers (TGFB1, c-MET, and CAIX), and transcription factors (EMT-TF: SNAI1, SNAI2, ZEB1, TWIST1, and TWIST2). Partial EMT was more frequent in N1-2 (N+) vs N0 patients (P < .01). TGFB1 (P = .02) as well as SNAI2 (P < .01) and TWIST1 (P = .04) were the most differentially expressed genes in N+ tumors. In this group, ZEB1 was correlated with all EMT inducers and other EMT-TFs were overexpressed depending on the inducers. CAIX was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (IC 95% HR: 1.10-5.14, P = .03). Partial EMT is involved in lymph node progression of NSCLC patients and depends on the TGFβ pathway. EMT-TFs are differentially expressed depending on EMT inducers. CAIX might be a relevant prognostic marker in early stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Emprou
- Department of PathologyHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Pauline Le Van Quyen
- Department of PathologyHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Jérémie Jégu
- Department of Public HealthNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- EA3430: Tumoral Progression and Micro‐environment, Translational and Epidemiological ApproachesUniversité de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Nathalie Prim
- Department of PneumologyNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Noëlle Weingertner
- Department of PathologyHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Eric Guérin
- EA3430: Tumoral Progression and Micro‐environment, Translational and Epidemiological ApproachesUniversité de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Department of Molecular BiologyOncobiology LaboratoryRegional Institute of Cancer StrasbourgHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Erwan Pencreach
- EA3430: Tumoral Progression and Micro‐environment, Translational and Epidemiological ApproachesUniversité de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Department of Molecular BiologyOncobiology LaboratoryRegional Institute of Cancer StrasbourgHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Michèle Legrain
- Department of Molecular BiologyOncobiology LaboratoryRegional Institute of Cancer StrasbourgHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Anne‐Claire Voegeli
- Department of Molecular BiologyOncobiology LaboratoryRegional Institute of Cancer StrasbourgHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Charlotte Leduc
- Department of PneumologyNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Bertrand Mennecier
- Department of PneumologyNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Pierre‐Emmanuel Falcoz
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Anne Olland
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Nicolas Santelmo
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Elisabeth Quoix
- Department of PneumologyNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Gilbert Massard
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Dominique Guenot
- EA3430: Tumoral Progression and Micro‐environment, Translational and Epidemiological ApproachesUniversité de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Marie‐Pierre Chenard
- Department of PathologyHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Michèle Beau‐Faller
- EA3430: Tumoral Progression and Micro‐environment, Translational and Epidemiological ApproachesUniversité de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Department of PneumologyNouvel Hôpital CivilUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Department of Molecular BiologyOncobiology LaboratoryRegional Institute of Cancer StrasbourgHôpital de HautepierreUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
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11
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Yu M, Yongzhi H, Chen S, Luo X, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Jin H, Hou B, Deng Y, Tu L, Jian Z. The prognostic value of GLUT1 in cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43356-43367. [PMID: 28498810 PMCID: PMC5522151 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased glycolysis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. The abnormal expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) was reported to be associated with resistance to current therapy and poor prognosis. Numerous studies have investigated the correlation between GLUT1 expression and prognosis in cancers, but the conclusions are still controversial. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the association between GLUT1 and survival in human cancers. PubMed, Springer, Medline, and Cochrane Library were searched carefully to identify eligible studies evaluating prognostic value of GLUT1 in cancers. Twenty-seven studies with 4079 patients were included in the present study. Our pooled results identified that increased expression of GLUT1 was associated with unfavorable overall survival (HR = 1.780, 95% CI = 1.574–.013, p < 0.001)) and poorer disease-free survival (HR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.229–3.095, p = 0.003). Furthermore, overexpression of GLUT1 linked with poor differentiated tumors (RR = 1.380, 95% CI = 1.086–1.755, p = 0.009; I2 = 72.0%, p < 0.001), positive lymph node metastasis (RR = 1.395, 95% CI = 1.082–1.799, p = 0.010; I2 = 70.8%, p = 0.002) and larger tumor size (RR = 1.405, 95% CI = 1.231–1.603, p < 0.001; I2 = 37.3%, p = 0.093). This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that the GLUT1 may serve as an ideal prognostic biomarker in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Yongzhi
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengying Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanying Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Tu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Cohen AS, Khalil FK, Welsh EA, Schabath MB, Enkemann SA, Davis A, Zhou JM, Boulware DC, Kim J, Haura EB, Morse DL. Cell-surface marker discovery for lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113373-113402. [PMID: 29371917 PMCID: PMC5768334 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Novel lung cancer targeted therapeutic and molecular imaging agents are needed to improve outcomes and enable personalized care. Since these agents typically cannot cross the plasma membrane while carrying cytotoxic payload or imaging contrast, discovery of cell-surface targets is a necessary initial step. Herein, we report the discovery and characterization of lung cancer cell-surface markers for use in development of targeted agents. To identify putative cell-surface markers, existing microarray gene expression data from patient specimens were analyzed to select markers with differential expression in lung cancer compared to normal lung. Greater than 200 putative cell-surface markers were identified as being overexpressed in lung cancers. Ten cell-surface markers (CA9, CA12, CXorf61, DSG3, FAT2, GPR87, KISS1R, LYPD3, SLC7A11 and TMPRSS4) were selected based on differential mRNA expression in lung tumors vs. non-neoplastic lung samples and other normal tissues, and other considerations involving known biology and targeting moieties. Protein expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and scoring of patient tumor and normal tissue samples. As further validation, marker expression was determined in lung cancer cell lines using microarray data and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were performed for each of the markers using patient clinical data. High expression for six of the markers (CA9, CA12, CXorf61, GPR87, LYPD3, and SLC7A11) was significantly associated with worse survival. These markers should be useful for the development of novel targeted imaging probes or therapeutics for use in personalized care of lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison S Cohen
- Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Farah K Khalil
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric A Welsh
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steven A Enkemann
- Molecular Genomics Shared Resource, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Davis
- Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jun-Min Zhou
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David C Boulware
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jongphil Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David L Morse
- Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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13
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Zhao ZX, Lu LW, Qiu J, Li QP, Xu F, Liu BJ, Dong JC, Gong WY. Glucose transporter-1 as an independent prognostic marker for cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2728-2738. [PMID: 29416806 PMCID: PMC5788674 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) as the major glucose transporter present in human cells is found overexpressed in a proportion of human malignancies. This meta-analysis is attempted to assess the prognostic significance of GLUT-1 for survival in various cancers. Materials and Methods We conducted an electronic search using the databases PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, from inception to Oct 20th, 2016. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Fourty-one studies with a total of 4794 patients were included. High GLUT-1 expression was significantly associated with poorer prognosis [overall survival: HR = 1.833 (95% CI: 1.597–2.069, P < 0.0001); disease-free survival: HR = 1.838 (95% CI: 1.264–2.673, P < 0.0001); progression-free survival: HR = 2.451 (95% CI: 1.668–3.233, P < 0.0001); disease specific survival: HR = 1.96 (95% CI: 1.05–2.871, P < 0.0001)]. Conclusions High GLUT-1 expression may be an independent prognostic marker to predict poor survival in various types of cancers. Further clinical trials with high quality need to be conducted to confirm our conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xiao Zhao
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Wei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Ping Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Jun Liu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Cheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Yi Gong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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14
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Tan Z, Yang C, Zhang X, Zheng P, Shen W. Expression of glucose transporter 1 and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer: a pooled analysis of 1665 patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60954-60961. [PMID: 28977837 PMCID: PMC5617397 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) plays an important role in the transport and metabolism of glucose in cancer cells. An increasing number of studies have explored the connection between GLUT1 expression and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the results have been controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of the prognostic value of GLUT1 in NSCLC. Relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the effective measures. A total of 10 studies involving 1,665 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that GLUT1 overexpression was associated with poor overall survival (HR = 2.21; 95% CI, 1.42-3.42; p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.35-2.23; p < 0.001). Furthermore, elevated GLUT1 expression correlated with sex (OR = 2.29; 95% CI, 1.17-4.49; p = 0.015), advanced tumor stage (OR = 2.46; 95% CI, 1.79-3.38; p < 0.001), histology (OR = 6.99; 95% CI, 4.71-10.38; p < 0.001), and large tumor size (OR = 2.77; 95% CI, 1.73-4.44; p < 0.001). This meta-analysis revealed overexpression of GLUT1 to be a biomarker of worse prognosis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Tan
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Pingju Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Weixi Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, PR China
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15
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Yang SL, Ren QG, Wen L, Hu JL. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in lung cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:321-327. [PMID: 27376798 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) plays a vital role in the initiation, evaluation and prognosis in lung cancer. The prognostic value of HIF-1α reported in diverse study remains disputable. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was implemented to further understand the prognostic role of HIF-1α in lung cancer. The relationship between HIF-1α and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer were investigated by a meta-analysis. PubMed and Embase were searched from their inception to January 2015 for observational studies. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of different comparisons. A total of 20 studies met the criteria. The results showed that HIF-1α expression in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues. Expression of HIF-1α in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of patients with adenocarcinomas. Similarly, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients had higher HIF-1α expression than small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Moreover, lymph node metastasized tissues had higher HIF-1α expression than non-lymph node metastasized tissues. A high level HIF-1α expression was well correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in the NSCLC. Notably, NSCLC or SCLC patients with positive HIF-1α expression in tumor tissues had lower overall survival rate than patients with negative HIF-1α expression. It was suggested that HIF-1α expression may be a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Staging
- Odds Ratio
- Prognosis
- Survival Analysis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Quan-Guang Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jian-Li Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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16
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Jiang Y, Verbiest T, Devery AM, Bokobza SM, Weber AM, Leszczynska KB, Hammond EM, Ryan AJ. Hypoxia Potentiates the Radiation-Sensitizing Effect of Olaparib in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Xenografts by Contextual Synthetic Lethality. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016; 95:772-81. [PMID: 27020103 PMCID: PMC4856738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors potentiate radiation therapy in preclinical models of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other types of cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying radiosensitization in vivo are incompletely understood. Herein, we investigated the impact of hypoxia on radiosensitization by the PARP inhibitor olaparib in human NSCLC xenograft models. METHODS AND MATERIALS NSCLC Calu-6 and Calu-3 cells were irradiated in the presence of olaparib or vehicle under normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (1% O2) conditions. In vitro radiosensitivity was assessed by clonogenic survival assay and γH2AX foci assay. Established Calu-6 and Calu-3 subcutaneous xenografts were treated with olaparib (50 mg/kg, daily for 3 days), radiation (10 Gy), or both. Tumors (n=3/group) were collected 24 or 72 hours after the first treatment. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess hypoxia (carbonic anhydrase IX [CA9]), vessels (CD31), DNA double strand breaks (DSB) (γH2AX), and apoptosis (cleaved caspase 3 [CC3]). The remaining xenografts (n=6/group) were monitored for tumor growth. RESULTS In vitro, olaparib showed a greater radiation-sensitizing effect in Calu-3 and Calu-6 cells in hypoxic conditions (1% O2). In vivo, Calu-3 tumors were well-oxygenated, whereas Calu-6 tumors had extensive regions of hypoxia associated with down-regulation of the homologous recombination protein RAD51. Olaparib treatment increased unrepaired DNA DSB (P<.001) and apoptosis (P<.001) in hypoxic cells of Calu-6 tumors following radiation, whereas it had no significant effect on radiation-induced DNA damage response in nonhypoxic cells of Calu-6 tumors or in the tumor cells of well-oxygenated Calu-3 tumors. Consequently, olaparib significantly increased radiation-induced growth inhibition in Calu-6 tumors (P<.001) but not in Calu-3 tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that hypoxia potentiates the radiation-sensitizing effects of olaparib by contextual synthetic killing, and that tumor hypoxia may be a potential biomarker for selecting patients who may get the greatest benefit from the addition of olaparib to radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Verbiest
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aoife M Devery
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sivan M Bokobza
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anika M Weber
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna B Leszczynska
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ester M Hammond
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anderson J Ryan
- Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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17
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van Kuijk SJA, Yaromina A, Houben R, Niemans R, Lambin P, Dubois LJ. Prognostic Significance of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Expression in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2016; 6:69. [PMID: 27066453 PMCID: PMC4810028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a characteristic of many solid tumors and an adverse prognostic factor for treatment outcome. Hypoxia increases the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an enzyme that is predominantly found on tumor cells and is involved in maintaining the cellular pH balance. Many clinical studies investigated the prognostic value of CAIX expression, but most have been inconclusive, partly due to small numbers of patients included. The present meta-analysis was therefore performed utilizing the results of all clinical studies to determine the prognostic value of CAIX expression in solid tumors. Renal cell carcinoma was excluded from this meta-analysis due to an alternative mechanism of upregulation. 958 papers were identified from a literature search performed in PubMed and Embase. These papers were independently evaluated by two reviewers and 147 studies were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis revealed strong significant associations between CAIX expression and all endpoints: overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.76, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.58–1.98], disease-free survival (HR = 1.87, 95%CI 1.62–2.16), locoregional control (HR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.22–1.93), disease-specific survival (HR = 1.78, 95%CI 1.41–2.25), metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.33–2.50), and progression-free survival (HR = 1.58, 95%CI 1.27–1.96). Subgroup analyses revealed similar associations in the majority of tumor sites and types. In conclusion, these results show that patients having tumors with high CAIX expression have higher risk of locoregional failure, disease progression, and higher risk to develop metastases, independent of tumor type or site. The results of this meta-analysis further support the development of a clinical test to determine patient prognosis based on CAIX expression and may have important implications for the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J A van Kuijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Ruud Houben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MAASTRO Clinic , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Raymon Niemans
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO Lab), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre , Maastricht , Netherlands
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Kilvaer TK, Khanehkenari MR, Hellevik T, Al-Saad S, Paulsen EE, Bremnes RM, Busund LT, Donnem T, Martinez IZ. Cancer Associated Fibroblasts in Stage I-IIIA NSCLC: Prognostic Impact and Their Correlations with Tumor Molecular Markers. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134965. [PMID: 26252379 PMCID: PMC4529239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) are thought to regulate tumor growth and metastasis. Fibroblast Activating Protein 1 (FAP-1) is a marker for fibroblast activation and by many recognized as the main marker of CAFs. Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA) is a general myofibroblast marker, and can be used to identify CAFs. This study investigates the prognostic impact of FAP-1 and α-SMA in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and correlates their expression to 105 proteins investigated in the same cohort. Methods Tumor specimens from 536 NSCLC patients were obtained and tissue micro-arrays were constructed. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of FAP-1 and α-SMA and explore their impact on survival and association with other tumor molecular markers in NSCLC patients. Results High expression of FAP-1, but not α-SMA, in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, P = 0.043, HR = 0.63 95% CI 0.40–0.99) was significantly associated with increased disease-specific survival. FAP-1 and α-SMA were not significantly correlated to each other. Analyses of FAP-1 and α-SMA associated with other tumor-related proteins revealed histotype-specific correlation patterns. Conclusion The presence of FAP-1 expressing CAFs is an indicator of positive outcome for NSCLC-SCC patients. In addition, correlation analyses suggest FAP-1 and α-SMA to label different subsets of fibroblasts and their associations with other tumor-related proteins diverge according to histological subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Kilvaer
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Turid Hellevik
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Samer Al-Saad
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Erna-Elise Paulsen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Roy M. Bremnes
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Lill-Tove Busund
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Tom Donnem
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Inigo Z. Martinez
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
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Skjefstad K, Richardsen E, Donnem T, Andersen S, Kiselev Y, Grindstad T, Hald SM, Al-Shibli K, Bremnes RM, Busund LT, Al-Saad S. The prognostic role of progesterone receptor expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients: Gender-related impacts and correlation with disease-specific survival. Steroids 2015; 98:29-36. [PMID: 25668612 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Progesterone has been shown to impact the development of hormone-sensitive cancers, such as breast and ovarian cancers. Emerging evidence has revealed a possible role of progesterone in the tumorigenesis of other cancers, including lung cancer. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the prevalence and prognostic significance of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue. EXPERIMENTAL Tumor tissue samples were collected from our patient cohort consisting of 335 NSCLC patients with stage I-IIIA disease. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses were performed to evaluate the PR expression in the tumor epithelial and stromal compartments. RESULTS In a univariate analysis, positive PR expression in the stromal tumor compartment (P=0.005) was significantly and independently associated with a favorable outcome for both genders. Furthermore, positive PR expression in tumor epithelial cells (P=0.003) correlated with a poor prognosis for female patients. In a multivariate analysis, positive PR expression in the tumor stroma (P=0.007) was an independent prognostic factor for improved disease-specific survival (DSS). Positive PR expression in tumor epithelial cells emerged as an independent prognostic factor in female patients (P=0.001) for poor DSS. CONCLUSIONS We show that PR expression in tumor-surrounding stromal cells is associated with improved DSS for both male and female patients. Additionally, we reveal that positive PR expression in tumor epithelial cells is an independent, unfavorable prognosticator for DSS in female patients, making PR expression a potential marker for prognostic stratification in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Skjefstad
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway.
| | - Elin Richardsen
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Tom Donnem
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Sigve Andersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Yury Kiselev
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Thea Grindstad
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Sigurd M Hald
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Khalid Al-Shibli
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Pathology, Nordland Central Hospital, 8005 Bodo, Norway
| | - Roy M Bremnes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Lill-Tove Busund
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
| | - Samer Al-Saad
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9037 Tromso, Norway; Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
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Osugi J, Yamaura T, Muto S, Okabe N, Matsumura Y, Hoshino M, Higuchi M, Suzuki H, Gotoh M. Prognostic impact of the combination of glucose transporter 1 and ATP citrate lyase in node-negative patients with non-small lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2015; 88:310-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Liang H, Yang CX, Zhang B, Wang HB, Liu HZ, Lai XH, Liao MJ, Zhang T. Sevoflurane suppresses hypoxia-induced growth and metastasis of lung cancer cells via inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. J Anesth 2015; 29:821-30. [PMID: 26002230 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-015-2035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoxia promotes the progression of lung cancer cells. Unfortunately, anesthetic technique might aggravate hypoxia of lung cancer cells. Sevoflurane is a commonly used anesthetic. Its effect on hypoxia-induced aggressiveness of lung cancer cells remains unknown. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of sevoflurane on hypoxia-induced growth and metastasis of lung cancer cells. As hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a pivotal role in mediating the adaptation and tolerance of cancer cells under hypoxic microenvironment, the role of HIF-1α in the effect of sevoflurane on hypoxia-induced growth and metastasis has also been elucidated. METHODS A549 cells were treated with normoxia, hypoxia, co-treatment of sevoflurane and hypoxia, and dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG, a HIF-1α agonist) for 4 h, respectively. MTT assay and colony formation assay were used to evaluate cell growth. Transwell assay was performed to detect invasion and migration ability. The protein level of HIF-1α, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), survivin, fascin, heparanase (HPA), and p38 MAPK were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Hypoxia enhanced proliferation and metastatic potential of cells. Sevoflurane could suppress hypoxia-induced growth and metastasis ability of cells. Furthermore, HIF-1α, XIAP, survivin, fascin and HPA were down-regulated significantly by the co-treatment of sevoflurane and hypoxia as compared to hypoxia treatment. DMOG abolished the inhibiting effects of sevoflurane on hypoxia-induced growth and metastasis ability of cells. In addition, sevoflurane partly reversed the increase of p38 MAPK activity that was induced by hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane could suppress hypoxia-induced growth and metastasis of lung cancer cells, which might be associated with modulating HIF-1α and its down-stream genes. Moreover, p38 MAPK signaling pathway was involved in the regulation of HIF-1α by sevoflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China.
| | - Cheng Xiang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Han Bing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Hong Zhen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Xiao Hong Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Mei Juan Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated FoShan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, 528000, Foshan, China
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Vasconcelos MG, Vasconcelos RG, Pereira de Oliveira DHI, de Moura Santos E, Pinto LP, da Silveira ÉJD, Queiroz LMG. Distribution of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Glucose Transporter-1 in Human Tongue Cancers. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73:1753-60. [PMID: 25863229 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral squamous cell carcinomas have the potential for rapid and unlimited growth. Therefore, hypoxic tissue areas are common in these malignant tumors and contribute to cancer progression, therapy resistance, and poor outcomes. The aim of the present study was to analyze the gene product distribution of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) in cases of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and to identify a preliminary correlation between these proteins and clinical staging and Brynes's histologic grading system (HGS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample included 57 cases of TSCC. Histologic sections of 3 μm were submitted to the immunoperoxidase method and semiquantitative analysis. The association between HIF-1α and GLUT-1 expression in TSCC and the clinical stage and the HGS of Bryne (1998) was evaluated using the χ(2) test, with the significance level set at 0.05 (α = 0.05). RESULTS HIF-1α was mainly expressed in the nucleus/cytoplasm of neoplastic cells, most specimens exhibited diffuse staining in neoplastic cells (84.2%), and focal staining was only observed in perinecrotic areas (15.8%). GLUT-1 was expressed in the cytoplasm and membrane of malignant cells, and diffuse staining was observed in all cases. The intensity of HIF-1α expression correlated significantly with clinical stage (P = .011) and HGS (P = .002). A significant association was observed between the distribution of HIF-1α expression and metastasis (P = .040). Immunoexpression of GLUT-1 correlated significantly with clinical stage (P = .002) and HGS (P = .000). GLUT-1 expression in the peripheral island was predominant in most low-grade tumors (78.6%); in the high-grade cases, the expression prevailed in the location center/periphery (55.8%). Comparison of the location of the tumor island in the different histologic grades showed a statistically significant difference (P = .025). CONCLUSION The expression of HIF and GLUT proteins within TSCC appears to be associated with disease stage, grade, and the presence of metastases. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic uses of these proteins in the treatment of TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edilmar de Moura Santos
- PhD Student, Postgraduate Program, Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Leão Pereira Pinto
- Professor, Postgraduate Program, Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Lélia Maria Guedes Queiroz
- Professor, Postgraduate Program, Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Membrane carbonic anhydrase IX expression and relapse risk in resected stage I-II non-small-cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 9:675-84. [PMID: 24662455 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant chemotherapy reduces recurrences of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To determine which patients need adjuvant chemotherapy, we assessed factors associated with time to relapse (TTR). METHODS In 230 resected stage I-II NSCLCs, we correlated immunohistochemistry scores for factors associated with cell growth rate, growth regulation, hypoxia, cell survival, and cell death with TTR. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 82 months (1-158) for those alive and relapse free at last follow-up, median time to recurrence was not reached. The 2- and 5-year probabilities of maintaining freedom from recurrence were 80.7% (95% confidence interval, 75.3%, 86.4%) and 74.6% (95% confidence interval, 68.6%, 81.2%), respectively. TTR curves flattened at an apparent cure rate of 70%. In multicovariate Cox models, factors correlating with shorter TTR were membranous carbonic anhydrase IX (mCAIX) staining (any versus none, hazard ratio = 2.083, p = 0.023) and node stage (N1 versus N0, hazard ratio = 2.591, p = 0.002). mCAIX scores correlated positively with tumor size, grade, squamous histology, necrosis, mitoses, Ki67, p53, nuclear DNA methyltransferase 1, and cytoplasmic enhancer-of-split-and-hairy-related protein, and they correlated inversely with papillary histology, epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (trend), copper transporter-1, and cytoplasmic hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, DNA methyltransferase 1, and excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 1. CONCLUSION Nodal stage and mCAIX immunohistochemistry were the strongest independent predictors of shorter TTR in resected NSCLCs. mCAIX correlated with tumor size, markers of tumor proliferation and necrosis, and tumor genetic characteristics, and it paradoxically correlated inversely with the hypoxia markers, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor. Presence of mCAIX could help determine patients with high risk of recurrence who might require adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Zhao M, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wang S, Zhang M, Chen X, Wang H, Zeng G, Chen X, Liu G, Zhou C. Hypoxia-induced cell stemness leads to drug resistance and poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2014; 87:98-106. [PMID: 25512094 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since cancer stem cells exhibit embryonic-like self-renewal characteristics and malignant behavior, including drug resistance and metastasis, they may be the origin of tumorigenesis and cancer recurrence. Cancer cell stemness is also highly relevant to cancer in hypoxic environments. METHODS In our study, we used cobalt dichloride (CoCl2) to create a hypoxic environment for lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and the cisplatine-resistant cell line A549/DDP. The cancer stem-like CD166 positive population and the cells' stemness were detected by flowcytometry and quantitative real-time PCR after separation using magnetic antibodies. Drug resistance to cisplatine, docetaxel and pemetrexed was also measured. Finally, a tissue array was used to analyze the relationship between hypoxia-induced stemness and overall survival after radical surgery. RESULTS Data showed that chemical-induced hypoxia changed cell stemness by enhancing stem cell transcription factors and markers of chemotherapeutic drug resistance. The CD166-positive cancer stem cell-like population showed greater drug resistance than the CD166-negative cells. Tissue array studies also suggested a poorer prognosis for patients whose tissue expressed higher CD166 levels. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that chemical hypoxia may augment cancer cell stemness and drug resistance in CD166-positive stem cells. Therefore, targeting the stem-like cell population, especially CD166-positive cells, may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yishi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Fuda Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heyong Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zeng
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Gentao Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Monocarboxylate transporters 1-4 in NSCLC: MCT1 is an independent prognostic marker for survival. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105038. [PMID: 25225794 PMCID: PMC4165596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) 1–4 are lactate transporters crucial for cancers cells adaption to upregulated glycolysis. Herein, we aimed to explore their prognostic impact on disease-specific survival (DSS) in both cancer and tumor stromal cells in NSCLC. Methods Tissue micro arrays (TMAs) were constructed, representing both cancer and stromal tumor tissue from 335 unselected patients diagnosed with stage I–IIIA NSCLC. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of MCT1-4. Results In univariate analyses; ↓MCT1 (P = 0.021) and ↑MCT4 (P = 0.027) expression in cancer cells, and ↑MCT1 (P = 0.003), ↓MCT2 (P = 0.006), ↓MCT3 (P = 0.020) expression in stromal cells correlated significantly with a poor DSS. In multivariate analyses; ↓MCT1 expression in cancer cells (HR: 1.9, CI 95%: 1.3–2.8, P = 0.001), ↓MCT2 (HR: 2.4, CI 95%: 1.5–3.9, P<0.001), ↓MCT3 (HR: 1.9, CI 95%: 1.1–3.5, P = 0.031) and ↑MCT1 expression in stromal cells (HR: 1.7, CI 95%: 1.1–2.7, P = 0.016) were significant independent poor prognostic markers for DSS. Conclusions We provide novel information of MCT1 as a candidate marker for prognostic stratification in NSCLC. Interestingly, MCT1 shows diverging, independent prognostic impact in the cancer cell and stromal cell compartments.
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Duran AO, Inanc M, Karaca H, Dogan I, Berk V, Bozkurt O, Ozaslan E, Ucar M, Eroglu C, Ozkan M. Albumin-globulin Ratio for Prediction of Long-term Mortality in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:6449-53. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.15.6449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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LDH5 overexpression is associated with poor survival in patients with solid tumors: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:6973-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Jomrich G, Jesch B, Birner P, Schwameis K, Paireder M, Asari R, Schoppmann SF. Stromal expression of carbonic anhydrase IX in esophageal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 16:966-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-014-1180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang Q, Hu DF, Rui Y, Jiang AB, Liu ZL, Huang LN. Prognosis value of HIF-1α expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Gene 2014; 541:69-74. [PMID: 24631267 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the development and progression of tumors. Various studies evaluating the prognostic value of HIF-1α in patients with lung cancer (LC) remain controversial. To comprehensively and quantitatively summarize the evidence on the effect of HIF-1α expression on the survival of patients with LC, a meta-analysis was carried out. MATERIAL AND METHODS Electronic databases were used to identify published studies before August 31st, 2013. Studies were assessed for quality using REMARK. Data were collected comparing overall survival in patients with high HIF-1α expression with those with low expression. RESULTS Totally, 13 papers including 1420 patients were subjected to final analysis. The combined hazard ratio (HR) was 1.60 (95% CI: 1.14-2.25, P=0.007), suggesting that high expression of HIF-1α was an indicator of poor prognosis. Further, when stratified by LC histological type (SCLC and NSCLC), study region (Asia and Europe), cut-off values (10%), tumor stage (I-III and I-IV), antibody for IHC (H1α67 and ESEE 122), and HR estimated method (univariate/multivariate analysis), most of the results were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this meta-analysis revealed that HIF-1α overexpression might be a predicative factor of poor prognosis for NSCLC particularly in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Basic Research on Respiratory Disease, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Dan-feng Hu
- Department of Respiration, The Third People's Hospital of Bengbu City, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Rui
- Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Basic Research on Respiratory Disease, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - An-bang Jiang
- Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Basic Research on Respiratory Disease, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zi-li Liu
- Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Basic Research on Respiratory Disease, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Li-nian Huang
- Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Basic Research on Respiratory Disease, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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Stenvold H, Donnem T, Andersen S, Al-Saad S, Busund LT, Bremnes RM. Stage and tissue-specific prognostic impact of miR-182 in NSCLC. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:138. [PMID: 24575749 PMCID: PMC3996062 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miR)-182 is frequently upregulated in cancers, has generally been viewed as an oncogene and is possibly connected to angiogenesis. We aimed to explore what impact miR-182 has in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and more explicitly its correlation with angiogenic markers. Methods From 335 unselected stage I to IIIA NSCLC carcinomas, duplicate tumor and tumor-associated stromal cores were collected in tissue microarray blocks (TMAs). In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to detect the expression of miR-182 in tumor cells, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of angiogenesis related protein markers. Results In univariate analyses, high tumor cell expression of miR-182 was a positive prognostic factor for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, P = 0.042) and stage II patients (P = 0.003). Also in the multivariate analysis, high tumor cell miR-182 expression was associated with a good prognosis in the same groups (SCC: HR 0.57, CI 95% 0.33-0.99, P = 0.048; stage II: HR 0.50, CI 95% 0.28-0.90, P = 0.020). We found significant correlations between miR-182 and the angiogenesis related markers FGF2, HIF2α and MMP-7. Conclusion In patients with SCC and in stage II patients, high tumor cell miR-182 expression is an independent positive prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Stenvold
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway.
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Liu B, Liu Q, Song Y, Li X, Wang Y, Wan S, Zhang Z, Su H. Polymorphisms of HIF1A gene are associated with prognosis of early stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients after surgery. Med Oncol 2014; 31:877. [PMID: 24567056 PMCID: PMC3971443 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) activates the transcription of genes that are involved in angiogenesis and cell survival. Over-expression of HIF1α caused by intratumoral hypoxia and its genetic alterations are associated with increased mortality in several cancer types including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HIF1A gene in NSCLC outcomes. We genotyped two functional SNPs (rs2057482 and rs2301113) in HIF1A gene and assessed their associations with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of 494 NSCLC patients by Cox proportional hazard model. There was no significant association between the SNPs and clinical outcomes of NSCLC for overall analysis. However, in stratified analysis for NSCLC patients at early stage (I/II), we observed a protective effect conferred by variant genotype of rs2057482 on overall survival (OS) (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.80) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR 0.60, 95 % CI 0.36-0.97) in a dominant model. Additionally, multivariate Cox analysis based on dominant model indicated that significant increased death and recurrence risks were observed in patients with early T-stage (T1 and T2) tumors, who carrying variant-containing genotype of rs2301113, as well as in patients without lymph node involvement (N0 stage) for rs2057482. Genetic variations on HIF1A gene are significantly associated with NSCLC outcomes in patients with early stage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
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Stenvold H, Donnem T, Andersen S, Al-Saad S, Valkov A, Pedersen MI, Busund LT, Bremnes RM. High tumor cell expression of microRNA-21 in node positive non-small cell lung cancer predicts a favorable clinical outcome. BMC Clin Pathol 2014; 14:9. [PMID: 24524655 PMCID: PMC3931486 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6890-14-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miR)-21 has been revealed as an oncogene in cancer development, and is one of the miRNAs closely connected to angiogenesis. We aimed to explore the impact of miR-21 expression in both tumor and stromal compartments of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and correlations between miR-21 and angiogenic protein markers. METHODS From 335 unselected stage I to IIIA NSCLC carcinomas, duplicate tumor and tumor-associated stromal cores were collected in tissue microarrays (TMAs). In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to detect the expression of miR-21 separately in tumor cells and stromal cells of the tumor, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of the protein markers protein kinase B (Akt), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), hypoxia induced factor 1 (HIF1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). RESULTS In univariate analyses, high tumor cell expression of miR-21 in patients with lymph node metastasis was a positive prognostic factor (P = 0.024). High stromal miR-21 expression had a negative prognostic impact (P = 0.022). In the multivariate analysis, low tumor mir-21 expression in node positive patients was an independent adverse prognostic factor (HR 2.03, CI 95% 1.09-3.78, P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS In patients with lymph node metastasis, miR-21 expression in tumor cells is an independent positive prognostic factor. High stromal miR-21 expression is a negative prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Stenvold
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway.
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Leithner K, Wohlkoenig C, Stacher E, Lindenmann J, Hofmann NA, Gallé B, Guelly C, Quehenberger F, Stiegler P, Smolle-Jüttner FM, Philipsen S, Popper HH, Hrzenjak A, Olschewski A, Olschewski H. Hypoxia increases membrane metallo-endopeptidase expression in a novel lung cancer ex vivo model - role of tumor stroma cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:40. [PMID: 24460801 PMCID: PMC3905926 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia-induced genes are potential targets in cancer therapy. Responses to hypoxia have been extensively studied in vitro, however, they may differ in vivo due to the specific tumor microenvironment. In this study gene expression profiles were obtained from fresh human lung cancer tissue fragments cultured ex vivo under different oxygen concentrations in order to study responses to hypoxia in a model that mimics human lung cancer in vivo. Methods Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fragments from altogether 70 patients were maintained ex vivo in normoxia or hypoxia in short-term culture. Viability, apoptosis rates and tissue hypoxia were assessed. Gene expression profiles were studied using Affymetrix GeneChip 1.0 ST microarrays. Results Apoptosis rates were comparable in normoxia and hypoxia despite different oxygenation levels, suggesting adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia. Gene expression profiles in hypoxic compared to normoxic fragments largely overlapped with published hypoxia-signatures. While most of these genes were up-regulated by hypoxia also in NSCLC cell lines, membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME, neprilysin, CD10) expression was not increased in hypoxia in NSCLC cell lines, but in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts isolated from non-small cell lung cancers. High MME expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in 342 NSCLC patients in a meta-analysis of published microarray datasets. Conclusions The novel ex vivo model allowed for the first time to analyze hypoxia-regulated gene expression in preserved human lung cancer tissue. Gene expression profiles in human hypoxic lung cancer tissue overlapped with hypoxia-signatures from cancer cell lines, however, the elastase MME was identified as a novel hypoxia-induced gene in lung cancer. Due to the lack of hypoxia effects on MME expression in NSCLC cell lines in contrast to carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, a direct up-regulation of stroma fibroblast MME expression under hypoxia might contribute to enhanced aggressiveness of hypoxic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Horst Olschewski
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 20, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Positive prognostic impact of miR-210 in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2013; 83:272-8. [PMID: 24305009 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES miR-210 is an important regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. Therefore, we aimed to explore the prognostic significance of miR-210 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with stage I-IIIA disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS In addition to clinicopathological and demograpic information, tumor tissues were collected and tissue micro arrays (TMAs) were constructed from 335 patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC. Expression of miR-210 in cancer cells and stromal cells of the tumor was assessed by in situ hybridization. RESULTS In univariate analyses, high cancer cell (p=0.039) and high stromal cell expression (p=0.008) of miR-210 were both significantly associated with an improved disease-spesific survival (DSS). High co-expression of miR-210 in cancer and stromal cells was also a positive prognostic factor for DSS (p=0.010). In multivariate analysis, miR-210 in stromal cells (p=0.011), and miR-210 co-expressed in cancer and stromal cells was an independent prognosticator for DSS (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS We show that miR-210 in stromal cells, and co-expressed in cancer cells and stromal cells mediates an independent prognostic impact. It is a candidate marker for prognostic stratification in NSCLC.
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Donnem T, Fenton CG, Lonvik K, Berg T, Eklo K, Andersen S, Stenvold H, Al-Shibli K, Al-Saad S, Bremnes RM, Busund LT. MicroRNA signatures in tumor tissue related to angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29671. [PMID: 22295063 PMCID: PMC3266266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is regarded as a hallmark in cancer development, and anti-angiogenic treatment is presently used in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding, endogenous, single stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression. In this study we aimed to identify significantly altered miRs related to angiogenesis in NSCLC. METHODS From a large cohort of 335 NSCLC patients, paraffin-embedded samples from 10 patients with a short disease specific survival (DSS), 10 with a long DSS and 10 normal controls were analyzed. The miRs were quantified by microarray hybridization and selected miRs were validated by real-time qPCR. The impacts of different pathways, including angiogenesis, were evaluated by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) derived from Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationship (PANTHER). One of the most interesting candidate markers, miR-155, was validated by in situ hybridization (ISH) in the total cohort (n = 335) and correlation analyses with several well-known angiogenic markers were done. RESULTS 128 miRs were significantly up- or down-regulated; normal versus long DSS (n = 68) and/or normal versus short DSS (n = 63) and/or long versus short DSS (n = 37). The pathway analysis indicates angiogenesis-related miRs to be involved in NSCLC. There were strong significant correlations between the array hybridization and qPCR validation data. The significantly altered angiogenesis-related miRs of high interest were miR-21, miR-106a, miR-126, miR-155, miR-182, miR-210 and miR-424. miR-155 correlated significantly with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in the total cohort (r = 0.17, P = 0.002), though most prominent in the subgroup with nodal metastasis (r = 0.34, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Several angiogenesis-related miRs are significantly altered in NSCLC. Further studies to understand their biological functions and explore their clinical relevance are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Donnem
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsφ, Norway.
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Meijer TWH, Schuurbiers OCJ, Kaanders JHAM, Looijen-Salamon MG, de Geus-Oei LF, Verhagen AFTM, Lok J, van der Heijden HFM, Rademakers SE, Span PN, Bussink J. Differences in metabolism between adeno- and squamous cell non-small cell lung carcinomas: spatial distribution and prognostic value of GLUT1 and MCT4. Lung Cancer 2011; 76:316-23. [PMID: 22153830 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia leads to changes in tumor cell metabolism such as increased glycolysis. In this study, we examined the spatial distribution of the glycolysis and hypoxia related markers glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) expression in relation to the vasculature in stage I, II and resectable stage IIIA NSCLC. Furthermore, associations of these markers with survival were investigated. METHODS GLUT1 and MCT4 expression were determined in 90 NSCLC fresh frozen biopsies using immunohistochemical techniques and a computerized image analysis system. Markers were analyzed for adenocarcinomas (n=41) and squamous cell carcinomas (n=34) separately. Eighty-four patients were retrospectively evaluated for relapse and survival. RESULTS Squamous cell carcinomas demonstrated higher GLUT1 expression, relative to adenocarcinomas. Also, in squamous cell carcinomas, GLUT1 and MCT4 expression increased with increasing distance from the vasculature, whereas in adenocarcinomas upregulation of MCT4 was already found at closer distance from vessels. In adenocarcinomas, high GLUT1 expression correlated with a poor differentiation grade and positive lymph nodes at diagnosis. High GLUT1 plus high MCT4 expression was associated with a poor disease-specific survival in only adenocarcinomas (p=0.032). CONCLUSION Analysis of GLUT1 and MCT4 expression on the histological level suggested a different metabolism for adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Likely, adenocarcinomas rely mainly on aerobic glycolysis for ATP production, whereas the behavior of squamous cell carcinomas is more physiologically, i.e. mitochondrial oxidation with anaerobic glycolysis under hypoxic conditions. High GLUT1 plus high MCT4 expression indicated an aggressive tumor behavior in adenocarcinomas. This subgroup of tumors may benefit from new treatment approaches, such as MCT4 inhibitors. Since this study has an exploratory character, our results warrant further investigation and need independent validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke W H Meijer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 874 Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Andersen S, Donnem T, Stenvold H, Al-Saad S, Al-Shibli K, Busund LT, Bremnes RM. Overexpression of the HIF hydroxylases PHD1, PHD2, PHD3 and FIH are individually and collectively unfavorable prognosticators for NSCLC survival. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23847. [PMID: 21887331 PMCID: PMC3161788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypoxia induced factors (HIFs) are at the heart of the adaptive mechanisms cancer cells must implement for survival. HIFs are regulated by four hydroxylases; Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)-1,-2,-3 and factor inhibiting HIF (FIH). We aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of these oxygen sensors in NSCLC. Methods Tumor tissue samples from 335 resected stages I to IIIA NSCLC patients was obtained and tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed. Hydroxylase expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Principal Findings There was scorable expression for all HIF hydroxylases in tumor cells, but not in stroma. In univariate analyses, high tumor cell expression of all the HIF hydroxylases were unfavorable prognosticators for disease-specific survival (DSS); PHD1 (P = 0.023), PHD2 (P = 0.013), PHD3 (P = 0.018) and FIH (P = 0.033). In the multivariate analyses we found high tumor cell expression of PHD2 (HR = 2.03, CI 95% 1.20–3.42, P = 0.008) and PHD1 (HR = 1.45, CI 95% 1.01–2.10, P = 0.047) to be significant independent prognosticators for DSS. Besides, there was an additive prognostic effect by the increasing number of highly expressed HIF hydroxylases. Provided none high expression HIF hydroxylases, the 5-year survival was 80% vs. 23% if all four were highly expressed (HR = 6.48, CI 95% 2.23–18.8, P = 0.001). Conclusions HIF hydroxylases are, in general, poor prognosticators for NSCLC survival. PHD1 and PHD2 are independent negative prognostic factors in NSCLC. Moreover, there is an additive poor prognostic impact by an increasing number of highly expressed HIF hydroxylases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigve Andersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway.
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Donnem T, Eklo K, Berg T, Sorbye SW, Lonvik K, Al-Saad S, Al-Shibli K, Andersen S, Stenvold H, Bremnes RM, Busund LT. Prognostic impact of MiR-155 in non-small cell lung cancer evaluated by in situ hybridization. J Transl Med 2011; 9:6. [PMID: 21219656 PMCID: PMC3023703 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play an essential role in tumor development. In lung tumorigenesis, targets and pathways of miRNAs are being revealed, and further translational research in this field is warranted. MiR-155 is one of the miRNAs most consistently involved in various neoplastic diseases. We aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of the multifunctional miR-155 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Tumor tissue samples from 335 resected stage I to IIIA NSCLC patients were obtained and tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed with four cores from each tumor specimen. In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to evaluate the expression of miR-155. RESULTS There were 191 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 95 adenocarcinomas (ACs), 31 large cell carcinomas and 18 bronchioalveolar carcinomas. MiR-155 expression did not have a significant prognostic impact in the total cohort (P = 0.43). In ACs, high miR-155 expression tended to a significant negative prognostic effect on survival in univariate analysis (P = 0.086) and was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis (HR 1.87, CI 95% 1.01 - 3.48, P = 0.047). In SCC patients with lymph node metastasis, however, miR-155 had a positive prognostic impact on survival in univariate (P = 0.034) as well as in multivariate (HR 0.45, CI 95% 0.21-0.96, P = 0.039) analysis. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic impact of miR-155 depends on histological subtype and nodal status in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Donnem
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
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