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Paulsen EE, Andersen S, Rakaee M, Pedersen MI, Lombardi AP, Pøhl M, Kilvaer T, Busund LT, Pezzella F, Donnem T. Impact of microvessel patterns and immune status in NSCLC: a non-angiogenic vasculature is an independent negative prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1157461. [PMID: 37182191 PMCID: PMC10169734 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1157461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) exhibit different microvessel patterns (MVPs). Basal (BA), diffuse (DA) and papillary (PA) patterns show signs of angiogenesis (new blood vessels), while an alveolar pattern indicates that tumors are co-opting existing normal vessels (non-angiogenic alveolar, NAA). NAA tumor growth is known to exist in NSCLC, but little is known about its prognostic impact in different histological subgroups, and about associations between MVPs and immune cell infiltration. Methods Detailed patterns of angiogenic and non-angiogenic tumor growth were evaluated by CD34 immunohistochemistry in whole tissue slides from 553 surgically treated patients with NSCLC stage I-IIIB disease. Associations with clinicopathological variables and markers related to tumor immunology-, angiogenesis- and hypoxia/metabolism were explored, and disease-specific survival (DSS) was analyzed according to histological subtypes. Results The predominant MVP was angiogenic in 82% of tumors: BA 40%, DA 34%, PA 8%, while a NAA pattern dominated in 18%. A contribution of the NAA pattern >5% (NAA+), i.e., either dominant or minority, was observed in 40.1% of tumors and was associated with poor disease-specific survival (DSS) (p=0.015). When stratified by histology, a significantly decreased DSS for NAA+ was found for adenocarcinomas (LUAD) only (p< 0.003). In multivariate analyses, LUAD NAA+ pattern was a significant independent prognostic factor; HR 2.37 (CI 95%, 1.50-3.73, p< 0.001). The immune cell density (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, CD204, PD1) added prognostic value in squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and LUAD with 0-5% NAA (NAA-), but not in LUAD NAA+. In correlation analyses, there were several significant associations between markers related to tumor metabolism (MCT1, MCT4, GLUT1) and different MVPs. Conclusion The NAA+ pattern is an independent poor prognostic factor in LUAD. In NAA+ tumors, several immunological markers add prognostic impact in LUSC but not in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna-Elise Paulsen
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Sigve Andersen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mehrdad Rakaee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mona Irene Pedersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Ana Paola Lombardi
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mette Pøhl
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kilvaer
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Lill-Tove Busund
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Francesco Pezzella
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Donnem
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
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li M, Yan T, Cai Y, Wei Y, Xie Q. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their association with clinical characteristics of solid tumors. Gene X 2023; 850:146927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Shi C, Xie Y, Li X, Li G, Liu W, Pei W, Liu J, Yu X, Liu T. Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes Signature Predicting the Efficiency of Invasion and Metastasis Ability in Colon Adenocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:815104. [PMID: 35155451 PMCID: PMC8826729 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.815104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and has become a leading cause of cancer death. Although many potential biomarkers of COAD have been screened with the bioinformatics method, it is necessary to explore novel markers for the diagnosis and appropriate individual treatments for COAD patients due to the high heterogeneity of this disease. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated tumor metastasis suggests poor prognosis of cancers. Ferroptosis is involved in tumor development. EMT signaling can increase the cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis in tumors. The aim of our study is finding novel prognostic biomarkers to determine COAD patients for predicting efficiency of metastasis status and targeting precise ferroptosis-related therapy. Methods: A novel gene signature related to metastasis and ferroptosis was identified combing with risk model and WGCNA analysis with R software. The biological functions and predictive ability of the signature in COAD were explored through bioinformatics analysis. Results: We established a four-gene prognostic signature (MMP7, YAP1, PCOLCE, and HOXC11) based on EMT and ferroptosis related genes and validated the reliability and effectiveness of this model in COAD. This four-gene prognostic signature was closely connected with metastasis and ferroptosis sensitivity of COAD. Moreover, WGCNA analysis further confirmed the correlation between PCOLCE, HOXC11, and liver and lymphatic invasion of COAD. Conclusion: The four genes may become potential prognostic biomarkers to identify COAD patients with metastasis. Moreover, this four-gene signature may be able to determine the COAD suitable with ferroptosis induction therapy. Finally, PCOLCE2 and HOXC11 were selected individually because of their novelties and precise prediction ability. Overall, this signature provided novel possibilities for better prognostic evaluation of COAD patients and may be of great guiding significance for individualized treatment and clinical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Weishuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pain Relief, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenju Pei
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Liu, ; Xiaozhou Yu, ; Tong Liu,
| | - Xiaozhou Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Liu, ; Xiaozhou Yu, ; Tong Liu,
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin General Surgery Institute, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Liu, ; Xiaozhou Yu, ; Tong Liu,
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Zhang J, Fu B, Li M, Mi S. Secretome of Activated Fibroblasts Induced by Exosomes for the Discovery of Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2004750. [PMID: 33373110 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecules involved in crosstalk between tumor cells and fibroblasts play vital roles in tumor progression. Extracellular matrix proteins, whose abundance is altered after being affected by tumor-derived exosomes, possess considerable promise as biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis. In this study, quantitative proteomics is employed to determine the abundance of proteins secreted by normal fibroblasts and exosome-activated fibroblasts, which first identify differentially secreted proteins affected by lung cancer cell-derived exosomes. Based on the differentially secreted proteins and multiple independent datasets comprising 1897 patient samples with non-small cell lung carcinoma or other lung diseases, a diagnostic marker is identified that can effectively distinguish tumor tissues from normal tissue, as well as tumor-associated stroma from normal stroma, and a five-gene prognostic signature is presented with independent prognostic impact to identify patients who may require further adjuvant therapy after surgical resection. In addition, the secretome provides novel potential targets for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Proteomics Technological Platform, National Center for Proteins Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Meng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuangli Mi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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5
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Jafarian AH, Kooshki Forooshani M, Reisi H, Mohamadian Roshan N. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathologic Factors. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 15:326-333. [PMID: 32944046 PMCID: PMC7477682 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.95177.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) is one of the most important enzymes to breakdown extracellular matrix which plays a major role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aimed to determine tumor MMP-9 expression in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and whether it is associated with histopathologic factors and has prognostic value to affect overall survival (OS). Methods: The specimens of 92 patients with NSCLC diagnosis were included. Tumor sections were stained by immunohistochemistry method. Using scores for the percentage of cells positively stained and the intensity of staining, MMP-9 expression total score was classified as low-score (scores of 0 to 2), moderate-score (scores of 3 to 5), or high-score (scores of 6 or 7). OS was defined as the time interval since the diagnosis of NSCLC to the status at the last follow-up (dead or alive). The follow up period was up to 70 months. Results: About 74% of undifferentiated specimens (grade III tumors) showed high scores for MMP-9 expression which was significantly higher than moderately differentiated tumors (25% had high scores for MMP-9 expression) and well differentiated ones which did not have high scores (P<0.001). A total of 74 patients (80.4%) died during the follow-up period. Of this, 36% had high scores for MMP-9 expression. In contrast, none of the patients who were alive at the last follow-up had high scores for MMP-9 expression (P<0.001). Median OS was significantly lower in high score group (6 months) compared to moderate score (9 months) and high score group (15 months) (P<0.001). Conclusion: MMP-9 expression may serve as a significant prognostic factor for mortality and overall survival in NSCLC. Undifferentiated tumors significantly express higher MMP-9 immunohistochemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Reisi
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nema Mohamadian Roshan
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Yuan S, Lin LS, Gan RH, Huang L, Wu XT, Zhao Y, Su BH, Zheng D, Lu YG. Elevated matrix metalloproteinase 7 expression promotes the proliferation, motility and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:33. [PMID: 31937294 PMCID: PMC6958600 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7), as the smallest member of the matrix metalloproteinase family, has been verified to be implicated in cancer progression, especially metastasis. However, its expression pattern and function in tongue cancer is not clear. METHODS The expression of MMP7 in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) specimens compared with their respective paired nontumour tissues by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The effect of MMP7 on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion of tongue cancer cells was tested in appropriate ways after MMP7 siRNA knockdown or overexpression. The effect of MMP7 on lymph node metastasis in vivo was analyzed using a high-metastasis orthotopic nude mouse tongue transplanted tumour model. RESULTS We found markedly elevated expression of MMP7 in human TSCC specimens compared with their respective paired nontumour tissues, and this high expression was correlated with the patients' lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, the results of molecular functional assays confirmed that MMP7 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion of TSCC cells. Knockdown of MMP7 inhibited lymph nodes metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MMP7 plays an oncogenic role in carcinogenesis and metastasis of tongue cancer, and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Li-Song Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Rui-Huan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Wu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
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7
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Thorlacius-Ussing J, Kehlet SN, Rønnow SR, Karsdal MA, Willumsen N. Non-invasive profiling of protease-specific elastin turnover in lung cancer: biomarker potential. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 145:383-392. [PMID: 30467633 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Elastin is a signature protein of lungs. Increased elastin turnover driven by altered proteolytic activity is an important part of lung tumorigenesis. Elastin-derived fragments have been shown to be pro-tumorigenic, however, little is known regarding the biomarker potential of such elastin fragments. Here, we present an elastin turnover profile by non-invasively quantifying five specific elastin degradation fragments generated by different proteases. METHODS Elastin fragments were assessed in serum from patients with stage I-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 30) using competitive ELISAs targeting different protease-generated fragments of elastin: ELM12 (generated by matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9 and -12), ELM7 (MMP-7), EL-NE (neutrophil elastase), EL-CG (cathepsin G) and ELP-3 (proteinase 3). RESULTS ELM12, ELM7, EL-NE and EL-CG were all significantly elevated in NSCLC patients (n = 40) when compared to healthy controls (n = 30) (ELM12, p = 0.0191; ELM7, p < 0.0001; EL-NE, p < 0.0001; EL-CG, p < 0.0001). ELP-3 showed no significant difference between patients and controls (p = 0.8735). All fragments correlated positively (Spearman, r: 0.69-0.81) when compared pairwise, except ELM12 (Spearman, r: 0.042-0.097). In general, all fragments were detectable across all stages of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Elastin fragments generated by different proteases are elevated in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls but differ in their presence. This demonstrates non-invasive biomarker potential of elastin fragments in serum from lung cancer patients and suggests that different pathological mechanisms may be responsible for the elastin turnover, warranting further validation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Thorlacius-Ussing
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Nina Kehlet
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sarah Rank Rønnow
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Morten Asser Karsdal
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Nicholas Willumsen
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
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Guo H, Dai Y, Wang A, Wang C, Sun L, Wang Z. Association between expression of MMP-7 and MMP-9 and pelvic lymph node and para-aortic lymph node metastasis in early cervical cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018; 44:1274-1283. [PMID: 29767419 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and MMP-9 with pelvic lymph node and para-aortic lymph node metastasis in early cervical cancer. METHODS A total of 137 patients with early cervical cancer (Stage Ia2-IIa2) were recruited from the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tumor Hospital of Liaoning Province from January 2009 to May 2014. We evaluated the expression of MMP-7 and MMP-9 by immunohistochemistry and their association with the clinicopathological parameters such as pelvic, common iliac and para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Spearman correlation was performed to analyze the correlation between MMP-7 and MMP-9 in cervical cancer. Finally, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in pelvic lymph node metastasis were assessed. RESULTS MMP-7 expression was significantly higher in patients with adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas (P = 0.014), vascular cancer embolus (P = 0.041), pelvic lymph node metastasis (P = 0.000) and a higher level of Ki-67 (P = 0.000). MMP-9 expression was significantly associated with vascular cancer embolus (P = 0.003), depth of stromal invasion (P = 0.001), pelvic lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003), common iliac lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001) and para-aortic lymph nodes metastasis (P = 0.004). Coexpression of MMP-7 and MMP-9 was significantly associated with vascular cancer embolus (P < 0.001), higher expression of Ki-67 (P < 0.001) and pelvic lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between MMP-7 and MMP-9 (r = 0.263, P = 0.002). Areas under the ROC of MMP-7 and MMP-9 were 0.707 and 0.646, respectively. CONCLUSION MMP-7 and MMP-9 expressions were associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with early cervical cancers, suggesting a positive correlation of MMP-7 and MMP-9 with invasive potential in early cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University & Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University & Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Anna Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University & Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University & Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University & Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University & Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
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Kuo CHS, Liu CY, Pavlidis S, Lo YL, Wang YW, Chen CH, Ko HW, Chung FT, Lin TY, Wang TY, Lee KY, Guo YK, Wang TH, Yang CT. Unique Immune Gene Expression Patterns in Bronchoalveolar Lavage and Tumor Adjacent Non-Neoplastic Lung Tissue in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 9:232. [PMID: 29483918 PMCID: PMC5816075 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune cells in the local environments surrounding non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) implicate the balance of pro- and antitumor immunity; however, their transcriptomic profiles remain poorly understood. Methods A transcriptomic microarray study of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells harvested from tumor-bearing lung segments was performed in a discovery group. The findings were validated (1) in published microarray datasets, (2) in an independent group by RT-qPCR, and (3) in non-diseased and tumor adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissue by immunohistochemistry and in BAL cell lysates by immunoblotting. Result The differential expression of 129 genes was identified in the discovery group. These genes revealed functional enrichment in Fc gamma receptor-dependent phagocytosis and circulating immunoglobulin complex among others. Microarray datasets analysis (n = 607) showed that gene expression of BAL cells of tumor-bearing lung segment was also the unique transcriptomic profile of tumor adjacent non-neoplastic lung of early stage NSCLC and a significantly gradient increase of immunoglobulin genes’ expression for non-diseased lungs, tumor adjacent non-neoplastic lungs, and tumors was identified (ANOVA, p < 2 × 10−16). A 53-gene signature was determined with significant correlation with inhibitory checkpoint PDCD1 (r = 0.59, p = 0.0078) among others, where the nine top genes including IGJ and IGKC were RT-qPCR validated with high diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.920, 95% CI: 0.831–0.985, p = 2.98 × 10−7). Increased staining and expression of IGKC revealed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting in tumor adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissues (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.001) and in BAL cell lysates (p < 0.01) of NSCLC, respectively, were noted. Conclusion The BAL cells of tumor-bearing lung segments and tumor adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissues present a unique gene expression characterized by IGKC in relation to inhibitory checkpoints. Further study of humoral immune responses to NSCLC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsi Scott Kuo
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Computing, Imperial College London, Data Science Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chien-Ying Liu
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Stelios Pavlidis
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, Data Science Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Lun Lo
- Division of Airway Diseases, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Wang
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chen
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - How-Wen Ko
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tsai Chung
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tin-Yu Lin
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yu Wang
- Division of Airway Diseases, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ke Guo
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, Data Science Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Division of Lung Cancer and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Jiang T, Xiao W, Zhao S, Yu X, Han F. FGFR3 silencing by siRNA inhibits invasion of A549 cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 12:4319-4326. [PMID: 28105147 PMCID: PMC5228408 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study identified that fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) was significantly upregulated in bone metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful approach for treating a wide range of human diseases, including cancer, through downregulating the expression of selected genes. In the present study, the invasiveness of A549 cells cultured in vitro was altered by small interfering (si)RNA targeting FGFR3, and the regulatory effect of silencing FGFR3 on the expression levels of E-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 was investigated. Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were transfected with synthetic specific siRNAs targeting a fragment of the FGFR3 gene (namely, siRNA-855, siRNA-1447 and siRNA-2076) or with negative control (NC) siRNA. Cells were divided into five groups (A, siRNA-855 group; B, siRNA-1447 group; C, siRNA-2076 group; D, NC-siRNA group; and E, blank control group). The effect of the above siRNAs targeting FGFR3 on the invasion capacity of A549 cells was detected by Transwell assay. siRNAs against FGFR3 were transfected into A549 cells with by Lipofectamine® 2000, and the expression levels of FGFR3, E-cadherin and MMP9 were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay. The experimental findings indicated that the expression levels of FGFR3 and MMP9 were significantly reduced in the siRNA-FGFR3-transfected groups (A-C groups), compared with those in the D and E groups (P<0.01). In addition, the expression levels of E-cadherin were markedly elevated in the A-C groups, compared with those in the D and E groups (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in E-cadherin expression between the A-C groups, or between the D and E groups (P>0.05). These results indicated that siRNA-FGFR3 was able to decrease the invasiveness of A549 cells, inhibit the expression of MMP9 and increase the expression of E-cadherin by downregulating the expression of FGFR3. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that the upregulation of E-cadherin expression and the downregulation of MMP9 expression are able to inhibit the migration of A549 cells, and siRNA silencing FGFR3 acts as a tumor suppressor in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiguang Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Fanjie Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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Sun Y, Li D, Lv XH, Hua SC, Han JC, Xu F, Li XD. Roles of osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase-7 in occurrence, progression, and prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 20:1138-46. [PMID: 26958047 PMCID: PMC4766819 DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.172980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study detected osteopontin (OPN) and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) expressions to explore the roles of OPN and MMP-7 in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on NSCLC tissues (n = 152; case group) and adjacent nonneoplastic lung parenchyma (adjacent to tumor >5 cm; n = 152; control group) collected from 152 NSCLC patients. The protein expressions of OPN and MMP-7 were detected by immunohistochemistry. OPN and MMP-7 messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS The protein and mRNA expressions of OPN and MMP-7 in NSCLC tissues were evidently higher than those in adjacent nonneoplastic lung parenchyma (all P < 0.05). OPN protein and mRNA expression were associated with the degree of differentiation, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC (all P < 0.05). MMP-7 protein expression was associated with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis (both P < 0.05) while MMP-7 mRNA expression was associated with the degree of differentiation, TNM staging, and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). A significantly positive relativity was revealed between OPN expression and MMP-7 expression (protein: r = 0.789, P < 0.001; mRNA: r = 0.377, P < 0.001). Lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, OPN, and MMP-7 protein expressions were independent risk factors for the prognosis of NSCLC (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION High MMP-7 and OPN protein expressions are closely related to the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of NSCLC, and can be served as unfavorable prognostic factors for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji-Chang Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xian-Dong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Lee CY, Shim HS, Lee S, Lee JG, Kim DJ, Chung KY. Prognostic effect of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with resected Non small cell lung cancer. J Cardiothorac Surg 2015; 10:44. [PMID: 25888323 PMCID: PMC4379698 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-015-0248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of tumor matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the prognostic value of tumor MMP-9 expression and other clinicopathologic factors in patients with completely resected NSCLC. Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent complete resection of pathological stage I–IIIA NSCLC at Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, between 1998 and 2009. Tumor samples of 417 patients were stained by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of MMP-9 in tumor cells was evaluated, using the median immunohistochemical score of 10 (range, 0-300) as the cut-off. Results Tumor MMP-9 expression was observed in 161 (38.6%) of 417 patients. Log-rank analysis showed a significant association of tumor MMP-9 expression with shortened disease-free survival (p = 0.01) but not with overall survival (p = 0.109). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumor MMP-9 expression was not an independent prognostic factor of recurrence (p = 0.142) or survival (p = 0.807). However, among patients with adenocarcinoma, tumor MMP-9 expression was associated with relapse (p = 0.003) and poor survival (p = 0.033). Furthermore, tumor MMP-9 expression was an independent prognostic indicator of relapse in patients with adenocarcinoma (p = 0.035). Conclusions Among patients with NSCLC, tumor MMP-9 expression was associated with poor outcomes in those with adenocarcinoma, but not in those with squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, MMP-9 expression was identified as an independent predictor of relapse of completely resected lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Young Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-Gu, CPO box 8044, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Seokkee Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
| | - Jin Gu Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-Gu, CPO box 8044, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Dae Joon Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-Gu, CPO box 8044, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Young Chung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-Gu, CPO box 8044, Seoul, South Korea.
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Han JC, Li XD, Du J, Xu F, Wei YJ, Li HB, Zhang YJ. Elevated matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression promotes metastasis in human lung carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:5. [PMID: 25588786 PMCID: PMC4326471 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-13-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis in several cancers. However, its role in lung cancer progression is understudied. In this study, we investigated the correlation between MMP-7 expression and lung cancer pathology. Methods We searched the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CISCOM, CINAHL, China BioMedicine (CBM) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for scientific literature relevant to MMP-7 and lung cancer. Carefully selected studies were pooled and ORs with 95% CI were calculated. Subgroup analyses and publication bias were analyzed to understand the retrieved data in greater detail. Version 12.0 STATA software was used for statistical analysis. Results We retrieved a total of 121 studies through database searches. Finally, 14 cohort studies satisfied our inclusion/exclusion criteria, and these 14 studies, published between 2004 and 2012, were selected for meta-analysis to understand the influence of MMP-7 expression in lung cancer progression. Our results showed consistent differences in MMP-7 expression when comparisons were made between TNM I-II versus III-IV (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.78, P = 0.006); histologic grade 1 to 2 versus 3 to 4 (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.42, P = 0.008); and lymph node-negative versus lymph node-positive samples (OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.73 to 4.58, P <0.001), with significantly higher MMP-7 expression levels found in the more advanced stages. Subgroup analysis showed that age was not the factor influencing the associations between histologic grade, LN metastasis and MMP-7 expression in lung cancer patients, as both under 60 and over 60 age groups showed strong correlations (all P <0.05). However, when TNM staging was analyzed for its association with MMP-7 expression, only patients under age 60 showed a statistically significant correlation. Conclusions Our meta-analysis results revealed that MMP-7 overexpression is associated with advanced TNM and histological grades, and is linked to aggressive LN metastasis in lung cancer patients; thus MMP-7 is a useful biomarker to assess the disease status in lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Ximen Street No, 115, Kaifeng 475000, P,R China.
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A multigenic approach to evaluate genetic variants of PLCE1, LXRs, MMPs, TIMP, and CYP genes in gallbladder cancer predisposition. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8597-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Li Z, Guo Y, Jiang H, Zhang T, Jin C, Young CYF, Yuan H. Differential regulation of MMPs by E2F1, Sp1 and NF-kappa B controls the small cell lung cancer invasive phenotype. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:276. [PMID: 24755270 PMCID: PMC4077048 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background E2F1 transcription factor plays a vital role in the regulation of diverse cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. E2F1 overexpression has been demonstrated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and extensive metastasis in early phase is the most important feature of SCLC. In this study, we investigated the involvement of E2F1 in the process of invasion and metastasis in SCLC by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of E2F1 and MMPs in SCLC samples in a Chinese Han population. The impact of E2F1 on invasion and metastasis was observed by transwell and wound healing experiments with depletion of E2F1 by specific siRNA. The target genes regulated by E2F1 were identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-to-sequence, and the expressions of target genes were detected by real time PCR and western blotting. The dual luciferase reporter system was performed to analyze the regulatory relationship between E2F1 and MMPs. Results E2F1 is an independent and adverse prognosis factor that is highly expressed in SCLC in a Chinese Han population. Knockdown of E2F1 by specific siRNA resulted in the downregulation of migration and invasion in SCLC. The expressions of MMP-9 and −16 in SCLC were higher than other MMPs, and their expressions were most significantly reduced after silencing E2F1. ChIP-to-sequence and promoter-based luciferase analysis demonstrated that E2F1 directly controlled MMP-16 expression via an E2F1 binding motif in the promoter. Although one E2F1 binding site was predicted in the MMP-9 promoter, luciferase analysis indicated that this binding site was not functionally required. Further study demonstrated that E2F1 transcriptionally controlled the expression of Sp1 and p65, which in turn enhanced the MMP-9 promoter activity in SCLC cells. The associations between E2F1, Sp1, p65, and MMP-9 were validated by immunohistochemistry staining in SCLC tumors. Conclusions E2F1 acts as a transcriptional activator for MMPs and directly enhances MMP transcription by binding to E2F1 binding sequences in the promoter, or indirectly activates MMPs through enhanced Sp1 and NF-kappa B as a consequence of E2F1 activation in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huiqing Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China.
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16
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Makowiecki C, Nolte A, Sutaj B, Keller T, Avci-Adali M, Stoll H, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, Walker T. New basic approach to treat non-small cell lung cancer based on RNA-interference. Thorac Cancer 2014; 5:112-20. [PMID: 26766987 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date the therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with severe side effects, frustrating outcomes, and does not consider different tumor characteristics. The RNA-interference (RNAi) pathway represents a potential new approach to treat NSCLC. With small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs), it is possible to reduce the expression of proliferation-dependent proteins in tumor cells, leading to their apoptosis. We propose that siRNAs could be adapted to the tumor type and may cause fewer side effects than current therapy. METHODS Four NSCLC cell lines were cultured under standard conditions and transfected with three different concentrations of siRNAs targeted against the hypoxia-inducible factors 1α and 2α (HIF1α and HIF2α) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The expression was observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. For the analysis of cell growth three days after transfection, the cell number was detected using a CASY cell counter system. RESULTS The results of the silencing of the analyzed factors differ in each cell line. Cell growth was significantly reduced in all cell lines after transfection with HIF1α- and STAT3-siRNA. The silencing of HIF2α resulted in a significant effect on cell growth in squamous, and large-cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the knockdown and viability to siRNA transfection differ in each tumor type according to the used siRNA. This implies that the tumor types differ among themselves and should be treated differently. Therefore, the authors suggest a possible approach to a more personalized treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Makowiecki
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Nolte
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Besmire Sutaj
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Timea Keller
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Heidi Stoll
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schlensak
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hans Peter Wendel
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Walker
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
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Stenvold H, Donnem T, Andersen S, Al-Saad S, Busund LT, Bremnes RM. Stage and tissue-specific prognostic impact of miR-182 in NSCLC. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:138. [PMID: 24575749 PMCID: PMC3996062 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miR)-182 is frequently upregulated in cancers, has generally been viewed as an oncogene and is possibly connected to angiogenesis. We aimed to explore what impact miR-182 has in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and more explicitly its correlation with angiogenic markers. Methods From 335 unselected stage I to IIIA NSCLC carcinomas, duplicate tumor and tumor-associated stromal cores were collected in tissue microarray blocks (TMAs). In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to detect the expression of miR-182 in tumor cells, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of angiogenesis related protein markers. Results In univariate analyses, high tumor cell expression of miR-182 was a positive prognostic factor for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, P = 0.042) and stage II patients (P = 0.003). Also in the multivariate analysis, high tumor cell miR-182 expression was associated with a good prognosis in the same groups (SCC: HR 0.57, CI 95% 0.33-0.99, P = 0.048; stage II: HR 0.50, CI 95% 0.28-0.90, P = 0.020). We found significant correlations between miR-182 and the angiogenesis related markers FGF2, HIF2α and MMP-7. Conclusion In patients with SCC and in stage II patients, high tumor cell miR-182 expression is an independent positive prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Stenvold
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway.
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Zhang J, Luo J, Ni J, Tang L, Zhang HP, Zhang L, Xu JF, Zheng D. MMP-7 is upregulated by COX-2 and promotes proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Eur J Histochem 2014; 58:2262. [PMID: 24704993 PMCID: PMC3980206 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2014.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in a variety of pathophysiological conditions, of which MMP-7 is expressed by tumor cells of epithelial and mesenchymal origin. However, the function of MMP-7 in human lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is unclear. In the present study the expression of MMP-7 in LAC was examined by immunohistochemical assay using a tissue microarray procedure. A loss-of-function experiment was performed to explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of lentiviral vector-mediated MMP-7 siRNA (siMMP-7) on cell proliferation and invasive potential in LAC A549 cells, measured by MTT and Transwell assays, respectively. It was found that, the expression of MMP-7 protein in LAC was significantly increased compared with that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT) (76.0% vs 44.0%, P<0.001), and positively correlated with lymph node metastases of the tumor (P=0.014). Furthermore, targeted inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by siRNA downregulated the expression of MMP-7 and inhibited invasion of LAC cells, and knockdown of MMP-7 suppressed tumor proliferation and invasion in LAC cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that increased expression of MMP-7 is associated with lymph node metastasis and upregulated by COX-2, and promotes the tumorigenesis of LAC, suggesting that MMP-7 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer.
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Prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3717-24. [PMID: 24338766 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) for survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of the literatures to clarify its impact. Trials were selected for meta-analysis if they provided an independent assessment of MMP-7 in NSCLC and reported the analysis of survival data based on MMP-7 status. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to evaluate the associations between MMP-7 expression and survival of NSCLC patients. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed. Seven studies involving 1,446 patients were identified. The combined HR for all studies was 1.28 (95% CI 0.86-1.91; P = 0.22). Subgroup analysis revealed that MMP-7 overexpression had a favorable impact on survival in Caucasians (HR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.55-0.99; P = 0.043) but showed a poor survival prognosis in Asians (HR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.05-2.88, P = 0.031). Its effect also appeared significant when the analysis was restricted to Asian patients with squamous cell cancer (HR =3.42; 95% CI 1.92-6.11, P = 0.000) and adenocarcinoma (HR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.34-3.29, P = 0.001). Our meta-analysis suggests that there are ethnic differences in the clinical significance of MMP-7 expression for patients with NSCLC.
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Abstract
Tumour-induced granulocytic hyperplasia is associated with tumour vasculogenesis and escape from immunity via T cell suppression. Initially, these myeloid cells were identified as granulocytes or monocytes; however, recent studies have revealed that this hyperplasia is associated with populations of multipotent progenitor cells that have been identified as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The study of MDSCs has provided a wealth of information regarding tumour pathobiology, has extended our understanding of neoplastic progression and has modified our approaches to immune adjuvant therapy. In this Timeline article, we discuss the history of MDSCs, their influence on tumour progression and metastasis, and the crosstalk between tumour cells, MDSCs and the host macroenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Talmadge
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 986495 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha NE 68198-6495, USA
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Sharma KL, Misra S, Kumar A, Mittal B. Higher risk of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, 7, 9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-2) genetic variants to gallbladder cancer. Liver Int 2012; 32:1278-86. [PMID: 22621753 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2012.02822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase belong to family of pericellular collagenases which degrade extracellular matrix (ECM), and is involved in the modulation and susceptibility of various cancers. METHODOLOGY The present study included 410 gallbladder (GBC) cases and 230 healthy controls from North India. Study examined the associations of polymorphisms of MMP-2c.735C>T (rs2285053), MMP-2c.1306 C>T (rs243865), MMP7c.181A>G (rs11568818), MMP-9p.R279Q (rs17556) MMP-9p.P574R (rs2250889), MMP-9 p.R668Q (rs17577) and TIMP2c.418 G>C (rs8179090) to GBC susceptibility. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS ver16. RESULTS The MMP-2 c.735 [CT+TT], MMP-2c.1306 [CT+TT], MMP7 c.181 [AG+GG] and MMP-9 p.668 [RQ+QQ],TIMP2c.418 [GG+GC] genotypes were significantly associated with increased risk of GBC (P = 0.01; [OR]1.87, P = 0.02; [OR] 1.68, P = 0.02; [OR]=1.61, P = 0.002; [OR]=1.91,P = 0.01; [OR]=1.78 and (P = 0.03; [OR]=1.68; P = 0.01; [OR]=1.78 respectively). Haplotypes [C(-735) -T(-1306) ] and [T(-1306) -C(-735) ] of MMP-2 (P = <0.005; [OR] =1.78 P = <0.0001; [OR] =2.09) and haplotype [Q(279) -P(574) -Q(668) ]of the MMP-9 (P = 0.04; [OR] =2.75) were significantly associated with GBC risk. On stratification of GBC patients with/without gallstones, MMP-2 haplotypes were associated with higher GBC risk in patients accompanying gallstones whereas MMP-9 haplotypes showed risk in patients without stones. Combined effect of > 3 MMP/TIMP variant containing genotypes imparted increased risk of GBC (P < 0.0001; [OR] =3.36). Multivariate logistic regression results also supported association of MMP-2 (c.735C>T, c.1306 C>T), MMP-9 p.R668Q and TIMP2c.418G>C variants with GBC susceptibility. CONCLUSION This study suggests that genetic variants in MMP-2,7,9 and TIMP-2genes are associated with higher susceptibility of gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran L Sharma
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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