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Li G, Wang X, Zhu H, Li G, Du J, Song X, Erihemu. Use of different food additives to control browning in fresh-cut potatoes. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7967-7973. [PMID: 38107148 PMCID: PMC10724629 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fresh-cut potato browning is a severe problem in the potato processing industry. Ascorbic acid, L-cysteine, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and nitric oxide (NO) have been reported to reduce the browning in fresh-cut vegetables and fruits. We compared the effect of each food additive at its commonly used concentration on fresh-cut potato browning in order to choose a highly efficient treatment and explore its mechanism. Fresh-cut potato slices were immersed in 0.3 mmol L-1 ascorbic acid, 0.7 mmol L-1 L-cysteine, 0.7 mmol L-1 H2S, or 2.0 mmol L-1 NO for 10 min and stored at 4°C until the measurements finished. Results showed that the ascorbic acid and L-cysteine treatments showed less browning than the control treatment, while the H2S and NO treatments did not. Ascorbic acid increased total phenolic content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities, while L-cysteine decreased PPO and POD activities with no change in total phenolic content. In addition, these two treatments did not influence respiration rate, weight loss, or rot index. In conclusion, ascorbic acid (0.3 mmol L-1) and L-cysteine (0.7 mmol L-1) can be valuable means to control fresh-cut potato browning. Ascorbic acid inhibits the browning mainly by reducing quinones back to phenolic compounds, but L-cysteine inhibits the browning mainly by decreasing PPO and POD activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqin Li
- School of Food ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
- Department of LifeModern College of Humanities and Sciences of Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfenChina
| | - Xinxin Wang
- School of Food ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- School of Food ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Guifeng Li
- School of Food ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Junjie Du
- School of Life ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xiaoqing Song
- School of Food ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Erihemu
- School of Food ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanChina
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2
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Yıkmış S, Tokatlı Demirok N, Levent O, Apaydın D. Impact of thermal pasteurization and thermosonication treatments on black grape juice ( Vitis vinifera L): ICP-OES, GC-MS/MS and HPLC analyses. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19314. [PMID: 37662818 PMCID: PMC10474434 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape juice is a widely consumed fruit due to its bioactive compounds, minerals, and aroma components. Our objective was to investigate ultrasound treatment of black grape juice affects its bioactive components due to using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) optimization. At the same time, mineral components, sugar components, organic acids, and volatile aroma profiles were compared in black grape juice treated with thermal and ultrasound pasteurization. ANN showed superior predictive values (>99%) to RSM. Optimal combinations were obtained at 40 °C, 12 min, and 65% amplitude for thermosonication. Under these conditions, phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, and anthocyanin values were 822.80 mg GAE/L, 97.50 mg CE/L, 24.51 mmol Trolox/L, and 368, 81 mg of mv-3-glu/L, respectively. Thermosonicated grape juice (TT-BGJ) was tested against black grape juice (P-BGJ) produced with conventional thermal methods. This study investigated the effects of thermal pasteurization and thermosonication on black grape juice bioactive compounds and minerals, aroma profile, and sensory evaluation. Thermosonication affected the aroma profile less, 329.98 μg/kg (P-BGJ) and 495.31 μg/kg (TT-BGJ). TT-BGJ was detected to contain seven different mineral elements (Mn, K, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, and Na). Thermosonication caused an increase in Fe, Zn, Mn, and K minerals. Panelists generally liked the TT-BGJ sample. These results suggest that the thermosonication process may potentially replace the traditional black grape juice processing thermal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seydi Yıkmış
- Department of Food Technology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, 59830, Turkey
| | - Nazan Tokatlı Demirok
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, 59030, Turkey
| | - Okan Levent
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
| | - Demet Apaydın
- Department of Restaurant and Catering Services, Hitit University, Corum, 19000, Turkey
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3
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Saini R, Kaur S, Aggarwal P, Dhiman A. The influence of conventional and novel blanching methods on potato granules, phytochemicals, and thermal properties of colored varieties. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1178797. [PMID: 37215207 PMCID: PMC10196190 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1178797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colored potatoes comprise many bioactive compounds that potentially support human health. Polyphenols present in them have associated therapeutic benefits like antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. Method The current study aimed to explore the effects of different blanching methods (steam blanching, hot water blanching, and microwave-assisted blanching) on the phytochemical and structural aspects of PP-1901 and Lady Rosetta (LR) potato varieties. Changes in the antioxidant activity, color, total ascorbic acid, phenolic, and flavonoid content were based on the variations in parameters including temperature (blanching using hot water and steam) and capacity 100- 900 W (blanching using microwave). Results For both PP-1901 and LR varieties, all the blanching methods led to a significant reduction in residual peroxidase activity, as well as affecting their color. The preservation of bioactive substances exhibited a microwave steam>hot water blanching trend. Blanching significantly increased the antioxidant activity of all the samples. Additionally, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that phytocompounds were retained to their maximum in microwave-blanched samples, especially at 300 W. The type of blanching method significantly affected the thermal properties of potatoes by disrupting the ordered structure of the matrix. Discussion Microwaves at 300 W can be used as a novel and suitable alternative technique for blanching potatoes, which successfully retained the original quality of it in comparison to steam and hot water blanching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Saini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhpreet Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Poonam Aggarwal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Atul Dhiman
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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4
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Huang J, Gao X, Su L, Liu X, Guo L, Zhang Z, Zhao D, Hao J. Purification, characterization and inactivation kinetics of polyphenol oxidase extracted from Cistanche deserticola. PLANTA 2023; 257:85. [PMID: 36944703 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PPO was purified from Cistanche deserticola, and its enzymatic characteristics were clarified. It was found that microwave treatment was an efficient way to inactivate PPO. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) from Cistanche deserticola was obtained and purified through an acetone precipitation and anion exchange column, the enzymatic characteristics and inactivation kinetics of PPO were studied. The specific activity of PPO was 73135.15 ± 6625.7 U/mg after purification, the purification multiple was 48.91 ± 4.43 times, and the recovery was 30.96 ± 0.27%. The molecular weight of the PPO component is about 66 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis. The optimum substrate of PPO was catechol (Vmax = 0.048 U/mL, Km = 21.70 mM) and the optimum temperature and pH were 30 °C and 7, respectively. When the temperature is above 50 °C, pH < 3 or pH > 10, the enzyme activity can be significantly inhibited. The first-order kinetic fitting shows that microwave inactivation has lesser k values, larger D values and shorter t1/2. It was found that microwave treatment is considered as an efficient and feasible way to inactive PPO by comparing the Z values and Ea values of the two thermal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xiaoguang Gao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Lingling Su
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xueqiang Liu
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Limin Guo
- Institute of Agro-Production Storage and Processing, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ürümqi, 830091, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry CAS, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Jianxiong Hao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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Recent Advances of Polyphenol Oxidases in Plants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052158. [PMID: 36903403 PMCID: PMC10004730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is present in most higher plants, but also in animals and fungi. PPO in plants had been summarized several years ago. However, recent advances in studies of PPO in plants are lacking. This review concludes new researches on PPO distribution, structure, molecular weights, optimal temperature, pH, and substrates. And, the transformation of PPO from latent to active state was also discussed. This state shift is a vital reason for elevating PPO activity, but the activation mechanism in plants has not been elucidated. PPO has an important role in plant stress resistance and physiological metabolism. However, the enzymatic browning reaction induced by PPO is a major problem in the production, processing, and storage of fruits and vegetables. Meanwhile, we summarized various new methods that had been invented to decrease enzymatic browning by inhibiting PPO activity. In addition, our manuscript included information on several important biological functions and the transcriptional regulation of PPO in plants. Furthermore, we also prospect some future research areas of PPO and hope they will be useful for future research in plants.
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Preparation of a Phosphate Ion-Selective Electrode Using One-Step Process Optimized with Response Surface Method and its Application in Real Sample Detections. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00750-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Yıldız G, Yildiz G, Rafiq Khan M, Aadil RM. High intensity ultrasound treatment to produce and preserve the quality of fresh‐cut kiwifruit. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gökçen Yıldız
- Bursa Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department Bursa Turkey
| | - Gulcin Yildiz
- Igdir University Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Iğdır, 76000 Turkey
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
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8
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Chao E, Li J, Fan L. Enhancing drying efficiency and quality of seed-used pumpkin using ultrasound, freeze-thawing and blanching pretreatments. Food Chem 2022; 384:132496. [PMID: 35245751 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Effects of blanching (BL), ultrasound (US) and freeze-thawing (FT) pretreatments prior to far-infrared drying (FIRD) on drying characteristics, water distribution, and quality parameters of seed-used pumpkin (SUP) slices were investigated in this study. US, BL and FT pretreatments significantly accelerated drying rate due to the destruction of cell structure. Modified Page model was the fittest model for predicting the FIRD process. Low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) results revealed that T2 distribution curves of all pretreated samples moved rapidly to the positive x-axis direction, indicating an increase in the rate of water migration. The color of US-FIRD was closer to fresh SUP. BL-FIRD exhibited the highest free polyphenols content (241.28 ± 1.11 mg GAE/100 g DW) and total carotenoids content (129.69 ± 2.49 μg/ g DW), increasing by 45% and 34% respectively compared to the untreated sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erpeng Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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9
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Environmentally Friendly Techniques for the Recovery of Polyphenols from Food By-Products and Their Impact on Polyphenol Oxidase: A Critical Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Even though food by-products have many negative financial and environmental impacts, they contain a considerable quantity of precious bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. The recovery of these compounds from food wastes could diminish their adverse effects in different aspects. For doing this, various nonthermal and conventional methods are used. Since conventional extraction methods may cause plenty of problems, due to their heat production and extreme need for energy and solvent, many novel technologies such as microwave, ultrasound, cold plasma, pulsed electric field, pressurized liquid, and ohmic heating technology have been regarded as alternatives assisting the extraction process. This paper highlights the competence of mild technologies in the recovery of polyphenols from food by-products, the effect of these technologies on polyphenol oxidase, and the application of the recovered polyphenols in the food industry.
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10
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Xu B, Feng M, Tiliwa ES, Yan W, Wei B, Zhou C, Ma H, Wang B, Chang L. Multi-frequency power ultrasound green extraction of polyphenols from Pingyin rose: Optimization using the response surface methodology and exploration of the underlying mechanism. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.113037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Tsikrika K, Tzima K, Rai DK. Recent advances in anti‐browning methods in minimally processed potatoes—A review. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Tsikrika
- Department of Food Biosciences Teagasc Food Research Centre Dublin Ireland
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of Food Science and Technology Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Katerina Tzima
- Department of Food Biosciences Teagasc Food Research Centre Dublin Ireland
| | - Dilip K. Rai
- Department of Food Biosciences Teagasc Food Research Centre Dublin Ireland
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12
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Zhang M, Suo W, Deng Y, Jiang L, Qi M, Liu Y, Li L, Wang C, Zheng H, Li H. Effect of ultrasound-assisted dough fermentation on the quality of dough and steamed bread with 50% sweet potato pulp. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 82:105912. [PMID: 35033979 PMCID: PMC8760544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound at an intensity of 17.5, 20.0, 22.5, 25.0 and 27.5 W/L was used to assist dough fermentation to prepare steamed bread with 50% sweet potato pulp (SB-50% SPP), which was compared with SB-50% SPP without ultrasonic treatment. The dough rheology, starch-gluten network, texture characteristics and sensory quality of steamed bread with different ultrasonic power densities (UPDs) were investigated. Dough samples at UPD of 22.5 W/L showed optimal viscoelasticity. The microstructure images exhibited that the content of starch particles wrapped in the gluten network increased significantly after sonication. In addition, the reduction in free sulfhydryl (SH) content and increase in wet gluten content after ultrasonic treatment led to significantly improved dough extensibility (p < 0.05). Results exhibited that the specific volume of SB-50% SPP increased by 13.93% and the hardness decreased by 21.96% compared with the control under UPD of 22.5 W/L. This study suggested that the application of ultrasound as a green technology to dough fermentation could lead to SB-50% SPP with good quality and sensory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Suo
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxin Deng
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Mingming Qi
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Luxia Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Chenjie Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Gaoqing Inspection and Testing Center, Gaoqing 256300, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, Shandong, China.
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13
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Ji D, Wang Q, Lu T, Ma H, Chen X. The effects of ultrasonication on the phytochemicals, antioxidant, and polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities in coffee leaves. Food Chem 2021; 373:131480. [PMID: 34731790 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the impacts of ultrasonic conditions on the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant activity, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities in coffee leaves. Ultrasonic frequency, power, and time, pH, and incubation time affected PPO and POD differently, thus resulting in different ABTS scavenging capacity and phenolic content in coffee leaves. Triple-frequency (20/35/50 kHz) ultrasound significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited trigonelline, caffeine, mangiferin, rutin, chlorogenic acids, antioxidant activity, and PPO activity, while the single frequency of 35 kHz increased the phenolics compounds, which was associated with the lowest POD activity. Increasing the incubation time after ultrasonication gradually decreased phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities, however, POD activity followed a temporal pattern of first increase and then decrease. Our results showed that PPO and POD were temporally inactivated after ultrasonication, which leading to the continuous decrease of phenolics in coffee leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayi Ji
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
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14
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Improving the quality and reducing oil absorption of fried potato chips by ultrasound pretreatment. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Optimization of Enzyme-Assisted Extraction and Purification of Flavonoids from Pinus koraiensis Nut-Coated Film and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071950. [PMID: 33808428 PMCID: PMC8038113 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinus koraiensis nut-coated film is a kind of by-product of nut processing, which has been shown to contain flavonoids, polyphenols, and other substances that can be used to produce natural antioxidant extracts. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction process of flavonoids of P. koraiensis nut-coated film (PNF), and macroporous resin HPD600 was used to purify PNF (P-PNF). Its antioxidant activity was examined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity, oxygen free radical absorption capacity (ORAC), total oxygen radical capture (TRAP), and iron ion reduction capacity. Under the ideal extraction conditions comprising a cellulase dosage of 90 U/g, a material/liquid ratio of 1:20 (g/mL), and an extraction time of 2 h, the PNF yield was 3.37%. Purification conditions were sample concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, pH of 5, water washing volume of 3 bed volume (BV), eluent ethanol concentration of 50%, and volume of 2 BV. The P-PNF recovery was 84.32%, and purity increased from 33.80% to 61.70%. Additionally, P-PNF showed increased antioxidant activity compared to PNF. Cumulatively, this study obtained the optimal values for the process parameters in order to achieve the maximum rates of extraction of PNF for economically optimal production at an industrial scale.
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