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Shin S, Kim S, Choi W, Do J, Son J, Kim K, Jang S, Lee JS. Sensing Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Using Aptamer-Functionalized Si-Based Electrolyte-Gated Field-Effect Transistor (EGT). BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:124. [PMID: 38534231 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The sensing responses of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using top-down-fabricated Si-based electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) have been investigated. An aptamer was employed as a receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The EGT demonstrated excellent intrinsic characteristics and higher sensitivity in the subthreshold regime compared to the linear regime. The limit of detection (LOD) was achieved as low as 0.94 pg/mL and 20 pg/mL for the current and voltage sensitivity, respectively. To analyze the sensing responses of EGT in detecting the aptamer-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein conjugate, a lumped-capacitive model with the presence of an effective dipole potential and an effective capacitance of the functionalized layer component was employed. The aptamer-functionalized EGT showed high sensitivity even in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. These results suggest that Si-based EGTs are a highly promising method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghwan Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyeong Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Do
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Son
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Division of Electronics Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkey Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Medrano-Lopez JA, Villalpando I, Salazar MI, Torres-Torres C. Hierarchical Nanobiosensors at the End of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:108. [PMID: 38392027 PMCID: PMC10887370 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructures have played a key role in the development of different techniques to attack severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Some applications include masks, vaccines, and biosensors. The latter are of great interest for detecting diseases since some of their features allowed us to find specific markers in secretion samples such as saliva, blood, and even tears. Herein, we highlight how hierarchical nanoparticles integrated into two or more low-dimensional materials present outstanding advantages that are attractive for photonic biosensing using their nanoscale functions. The potential of nanohybrids with their superlative mechanical characteristics together with their optical and optoelectronic properties is discussed. The progress in the scientific research focused on using nanoparticles for biosensing a variety of viruses has become a medical milestone in recent years, and has laid the groundwork for future disease treatments. This perspective analyzes the crucial information about the use of hierarchical nanostructures in biosensing for the prevention, treatment, and mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jael Abigail Medrano-Lopez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Eléctrica, Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Isaela Villalpando
- Centro de Investigación para los Recursos Naturales, Salaices 33941, Mexico
| | - Ma Isabel Salazar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Carlos Torres-Torres
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Eléctrica, Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
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Sifana NO, Melyna, Septiani NLW, Septama AW, Manurung RV, Yuliarto B, Jenie SNA. Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus using vancomycin conjugated silica-based fluorescent nanoprobe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123643. [PMID: 37979538 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is a worldwide major pathogenic bacteria that has emerged over the past three decades as the leading cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Biosensors can provide rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of the presence and number of bacteria in various environments. Herein, a novel fluorescence nanoprobe was designed as a biosensor for MRSA detection using dye-incorporated silica nanoparticles (FSiNP). Based on the results of specific surface area analysis using the Brauner Emmett-Teller (BET) method, the surface area of the nanoparticles was obtained at 377.127 m2/g, and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that it was in the amorphous phase. Vancomycin, as the bioreceptor, was immobilized on the silica surface through a hydrosilylation reaction, generating the biosensing platform FSiNP-Van. Each modification step was corroborated by the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The sensing principle was based on the fluorescence-quenching mechanism of FSiNP-Van at 515 nm obtaining a rapid response time of 20 min. The FSiNP-Van nanoprobe provided a wide linear concentration range of 10-106 CFU/mL with a limit of MRSA detection calculated at 1 CFU/mL. The fluorescent nanoprobe demonstrated here is expected to find applications in point-of-care (POC) diagnostics to detect the presence of MRSA bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nining Oktafina Sifana
- Master Program of Nanotechnology, Graduate School, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Advanced Functional Material Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 41032, Indonesia
| | - Melyna
- Master Program of Analytical Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh Wulan Septiani
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek, South Tangerang 15134, Indonesia; BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia
| | - Abdi Wira Septama
- Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek, South Tangerang, Banten 15134, Indonesia
| | - Robeth Viktoria Manurung
- BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia; Research Centre for Electronics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Komplek LIPI Gd. 20, Jl. Cisitu Lama, Dago, Kecamatan Coblong, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40135, Indonesia
| | - Brian Yuliarto
- Master Program of Nanotechnology, Graduate School, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Advanced Functional Material Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 41032, Indonesia; BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia.
| | - S N Aisyiyah Jenie
- BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia; Research Centre for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Building 452, Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia.
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Tessaro L, Aquino A, Panzenhagen P, Ochioni AC, Mutz YS, Raymundo-Pereira PA, Vieira IRS, Belem NKR, Conte-Junior CA. Development and Application of an SPR Nanobiosensor Based on AuNPs for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 on Food Surfaces. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12121101. [PMID: 36551068 PMCID: PMC9776341 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 through food was recently considered by the World Health Organization (WHO), and, given the pandemic scenario, the search for fast, sensitive, and low-cost methods is necessary. Biosensors have become a viable alternative for large-scale testing because they overcome the limitations of standard techniques. Herein, we investigated the ability of gold spherical nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with oligonucleotides to detect SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrated their potential to be used as plasmonic nanobiosensors. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique was used to amplify the viral genetic material from the raw virus-containing solution without any preparation. The detection of virus presence or absence was performed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, by monitoring the absorption band of the surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) of the AuNPs. The displacement of the peak by 525 nm from the functionalized AuNPs indicated the absence of the virus (particular region of gold). On the other hand, the region ~300 nm indicated the presence of the virus when RNA bound to the functionalized AuNPs. The nanobiosensor system was designed to detect a region of the N gene in a dynamic concentration range from 0.1 to 50 × 103 ng·mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 ng·mL-1 (2.7 × 103 copy per µL), indicating excellent sensitivity. The nanobiosensor was applied to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the surfaces of vegetables and showed 100% accuracy compared to the standard quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique. Therefore, the nanobiosensor is sensitive, selective, and simple, providing a viable alternative for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in ready-to-eat vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Tessaro
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program of Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano Aquino
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program of Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Panzenhagen
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alan Clavelland Ochioni
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yhan S. Mutz
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo A. Raymundo-Pereira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Italo Rennan Sousa Vieira
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Natasha Kilsy Rocha Belem
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Molecular Biology of the General Hospital and Maternity Hospital of Cuiabá, Cuiabá 78020-840, MT, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Analytical and Molecular Laboratorial Center (CLAn), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- COVID-19 Research Group, Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program of Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
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