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Dennery PA, Yao H. Emerging role of cellular senescence in normal lung development and perinatal lung injury. CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2024; 2:10-16. [PMID: 38567372 PMCID: PMC10987039 DOI: 10.1016/j.pccm.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a status of irreversible growth arrest, which can be triggered by the p53/p21cip1 and p16INK4/Rb pathways via intrinsic and external factors. Senescent cells are typically enlarged and flattened, and characterized by numerous molecular features. The latter consists of increased surfaceome, increased residual lysosomal activity at pH 6.0 (manifested by increased activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase [SA-β-gal]), senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, cytoplasmic chromatin fragment, nuclear lamin b1 exclusion, telomere-associated foci, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. These features vary depending on the stressor leading to senescence and the type of senescence. Cellular senescence plays pivotal roles in organismal aging and in the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases. Interestingly, senescence can also both promote and inhibit wound healing processes. We recently report that senescence as a programmed process contributes to normal lung development. Lung senescence is also observed in Down Syndrome, as well as in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and in a hyperoxia-induced rodent model of this disease. Furthermore, this senescence results in neonatal lung injury. In this review, we briefly discuss the molecular features of senescence. We then focus on the emerging role of senescence in normal lung development and in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as well as putative signaling pathways driving senescence. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic approaches targeting senescent cells to prevent perinatal lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis A. Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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2
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Bhattacharya S, Cherry C, Deutsch G, Glass IA, Mariani TJ, Alam DA, Danopoulos S. A Trisomy 21 Lung Cell Atlas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.30.534839. [PMID: 37066313 PMCID: PMC10103948 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trisomy 21 (T21), resulting in Down Syndrome (DS), is the most prevalent chromosomal abnormality worldwide. While pulmonary disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in DS, the ontogeny of pulmonary complications remains poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that T21 lung anomalies, including airway branching and vascular lymphatic abnormalities, are initiated in utero. Here, we aimed to describe molecular changes at the single cell level in prenatal T21 lungs. Our results demonstrate differences in the proportion of cell populations and detail changes in gene expression at the time of initiation of histopathological abnormalities. Notably, we identify shifts in the distribution of alveolar epithelial progenitors, widespread induction of key extracellular matrix molecules in mesenchymal cells and hyper-activation of IFN signaling in endothelial cells. This single cell atlas of T21 lungs greatly expands our understanding of antecedents to pulmonary complications and should facilitate efforts to mitigate respiratory disease in DS.
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3
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Ishihara K, Kawashita E, Akiba S. Bio-Metal Dyshomeostasis-Associated Acceleration of Aging and Cognitive Decline in Down Syndrome. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1169-1175. [PMID: 37661395 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), which is caused by triplication of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), exhibits some physical signs of accelerated aging, such as graying hair, wrinkles and menopause at an unusually young age. Development of early-onset Alzheimer's disease, which is frequently observed in adults with DS, is also suggested to occur due to accelerated aging of the brain. Several Hsa21 genes are suggested to be responsible for the accelerated aging in DS. In this review, we summarize these candidate genes and possible molecular mechanisms, and discuss the related key factors. In particular, we focus on copper, an essential trace element, as a key factor in the accelerated aging in DS. In addition, the physiological significance of brain copper accumulation in cognitive impairment is discussed. We herein provide our hypothesis on the copper dyshomeostasis-based pathophysiology of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Ishihara
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry (Currently known as Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Eri Kawashita
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry (Currently known as Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Satoshi Akiba
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry (Currently known as Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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4
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Barone M, D'Amico F, Rampelli S, Brigidi P, Turroni S. Age-related diseases, therapies and gut microbiome: A new frontier for healthy aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111711. [PMID: 35868543 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is undoubtedly a key modulator of human health, which can promote or impair homeostasis throughout life. This is even more relevant in old age, when there is a gradual loss of function in multiple organ systems, related to growth, metabolism, and immunity. Several studies have described changes in the gut microbiome across age groups up to the extreme limits of lifespan, including maladaptations that occur in the context of age-related conditions, such as frailty, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiometabolic diseases. The gut microbiome can also interact bi-directionally with anti-age-related disease therapies, being affected and in turn influencing their efficacy. In this framework, the development of integrated microbiome-based intervention strategies, aimed at favoring a eubiotic configuration and trajectory, could therefore represent an innovative approach for the promotion of healthy aging and the achievement of longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Barone
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Federica D'Amico
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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5
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Li X, Cao G, Liu X, Tang TS, Guo C, Liu H. Polymerases and DNA Repair in Neurons: Implications in Neuronal Survival and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:852002. [PMID: 35846567 PMCID: PMC9279898 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.852002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the neurodegenerative diseases and aging are associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) or other intracellular damaging agents that challenge the genome integrity of the neurons. As most of the mature neurons stay in G0/G1 phase, replication-uncoupled DNA repair pathways including BER, NER, SSBR, and NHEJ, are pivotal, efficient, and economic mechanisms to maintain genomic stability without reactivating cell cycle. In these progresses, polymerases are prominent, not only because they are responsible for both sensing and repairing damages, but also for their more diversified roles depending on the cell cycle phase and damage types. In this review, we summarized recent knowledge on the structural and biochemical properties of distinct polymerases, including DNA and RNA polymerases, which are known to be expressed and active in nervous system; the biological relevance of these polymerases and their interactors with neuronal degeneration would be most graphically illustrated by the neurological abnormalities observed in patients with hereditary diseases associated with defects in DNA repair; furthermore, the vicious cycle of the trinucleotide repeat (TNR) and impaired DNA repair pathway is also discussed. Unraveling the mechanisms and contextual basis of the role of the polymerases in DNA damage response and repair will promote our understanding about how long-lived postmitotic cells cope with DNA lesions, and why disrupted DNA repair contributes to disease origin, despite the diversity of mutations in genes. This knowledge may lead to new insight into the development of targeted intervention for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xiaoling Li
| | - Guanghui Cao
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaokang Liu
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Tie-Shan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Caixia Guo
| | - Hongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Hongmei Liu
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6
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Martinez de Lagran M, Elizalde-Torrent A, Paredes R, Clotet B, Dierssen M. Lamivudine, a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, rescues cognitive deficits in a mouse model of down syndrome. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4210-4215. [PMID: 35762509 PMCID: PMC9344819 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An elevated activity of retrotransposons is increasingly recognized to be implicated in a wide range of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability and a genetic form of Alzheimer's disease. For this reason, we hypothesized that treatment with reverse transcriptase inhibitors could ameliorate DS phenotypes. In this proof of concept study, we treated trisomic (Ts65Dn) mice, a model of DS, with lamivudine, a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. We detected a significant improvement of neurobehavioural phenotypes, and a complete rescue of the hippocampal‐dependent recognition memory upon treatment with lamivudine. Despite clinical studies in patients with DS are warranted, this study lays the groundwork for a novel and actionable therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martinez de Lagran
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Franco I, Revêchon G, Eriksson M. Challenges of proving a causal role of somatic mutations in the aging process. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13613. [PMID: 35435316 PMCID: PMC9124308 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by the progressive accumulation of permanent changes to the genomic sequence, termed somatic mutations. Small mutations, including single‐base substitutions and insertions/deletions, are key determinants of the malignant transformations leading to cancer, but their role as initiators of other age‐related phenotypes is controversial. Here, we present recent advances in the study of somatic mutagenesis in aging tissues and posit that the current uncertainty about its causal effects in the aging process is due to technological and methodological weaknesses. We highlight classical and novel experimental systems, including premature aging syndromes, that could be used to model the increase of somatic mutation burden and understand its functional role. It is important that studies are designed to take into account the biological context and peculiarities of each tissue and that the downstream impact of somatic mutation accumulation is measured by methods able to resolve subtle cellular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Franco
- Cystic Kidney Disorders Unit Division of Genetics and Cell Biology IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy
| | - Gwladys Revêchon
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Center for Innovative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Center for Innovative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
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8
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Lovos A, Bottrill K, Sakhon S, Nyhuis C, Egleson E, Luongo A, Murphy M, Thurman AJ, Abbeduto L, Lee NR, Hughes K, Edgin J. Circadian Sleep-Activity Rhythm across Ages in Down Syndrome. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111403. [PMID: 34827402 PMCID: PMC8615672 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Across all ages, individuals with Down syndrome (DS) experience high rates of sleep problems as well as cognitive impairments. This study sought to investigate whether circadian rhythm disruption was also experienced by people with DS and whether this kind of sleep disorder may be correlated with cognitive performance. A cross-sectional study of 101 participants (58 with DS, 43 with typical development) included individuals in middle childhood (6–10 years old), adolescence (11–18 years old), and young adulthood (19–26 years old). Sleep and markers of circadian timing and robustness were calculated using actigraphy. Cognitive and behavioral data were gathered via a novel touchscreen battery (A-MAPTM, Arizona Memory Assessment for Preschoolers and Special Populations) and parent questionnaire. Results indicated that children and adolescents with DS slept the same amount as peers with typical development, but significant group differences were seen in phase timing. The circadian robustness markers, interdaily stability and intradaily variability of sleep-wake rhythms, were healthiest for children regardless of diagnostic group and worst for adults with DS. Amplitude of the 24-h activity profile was elevated for all individuals with DS. In analyses of the correlations between sleep quality, rhythms, and cognition in people with DS, interdaily stability was positively correlated with reaction time and negatively correlated with verbal and scene recall, a finding that indicates increased stability may paradoxically correlate with poorer cognitive outcomes. Further, we found no relations with sleep efficiency previously found in preschool and adult samples. Therefore, the current findings suggest that a thorough examination of sleep disorders in DS must take into account age as well as circadian robustness to better understand sleep-cognitive correlations in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalysa Lovos
- Department of Psychology, School of Mind, Brain and Behavior, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (K.B.); (E.E.); (A.L.); (J.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kenneth Bottrill
- Department of Psychology, School of Mind, Brain and Behavior, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (K.B.); (E.E.); (A.L.); (J.E.)
| | - Stella Sakhon
- Statistics Department, Los Angeles Valley College, Van Nuys, Los Angeles, CA 91401, USA;
| | - Casandra Nyhuis
- College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Elizabeth Egleson
- Department of Psychology, School of Mind, Brain and Behavior, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (K.B.); (E.E.); (A.L.); (J.E.)
| | - Alison Luongo
- Department of Psychology, School of Mind, Brain and Behavior, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (K.B.); (E.E.); (A.L.); (J.E.)
| | - Melanie Murphy
- Department of Physiology and Buiphysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Angela John Thurman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.J.T.); (L.A.)
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.J.T.); (L.A.)
| | - Nancy Raitano Lee
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | | | - Jamie Edgin
- Department of Psychology, School of Mind, Brain and Behavior, College of Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (K.B.); (E.E.); (A.L.); (J.E.)
- Sonoran University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities (UCEDD), University of Arizona, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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9
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Ageing affects subtelomeric DNA methylation in blood cells from a large European population enrolled in the MARK-AGE study. GeroScience 2021; 43:1283-1302. [PMID: 33870444 PMCID: PMC8190237 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing leaves characteristic traces in the DNA methylation make-up of the genome. However, the importance of DNA methylation in ageing remains unclear. The study of subtelomeric regions could give promising insights into this issue. Previously reported associations between susceptibility to age-related diseases and epigenetic instability at subtelomeres suggest that the DNA methylation profile of subtelomeres undergoes remodelling during ageing. In the present work, this hypothesis has been tested in the context of the European large-scale project MARK-AGE. In this cross-sectional study, we profiled the DNA methylation of chromosomes 5 and 21 subtelomeres, in more than 2000 age-stratified women and men recruited in eight European countries. The study included individuals from the general population as well as the offspring of nonagenarians and Down syndrome subjects, who served as putative models of delayed and accelerated ageing, respectively. Significant linear changes of subtelomeric DNA methylation with increasing age were detected in the general population, indicating that subtelomeric DNA methylation changes are typical signs of ageing. Data also show that, compared to the general population, the dynamics of age-related DNA methylation changes are attenuated in the offspring of centenarian, while they accelerate in Down syndrome individuals. This result suggests that subtelomeric DNA methylation changes reflect the rate of ageing progression. We next attempted to trace the age-related changes of subtelomeric methylation back to the influence of diverse variables associated with methylation variations in the population, including demographics, dietary/health habits and clinical parameters. Results indicate that the effects of age on subtelomeric DNA methylation are mostly independent of all other variables evaluated.
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10
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Erythrocytes as markers of oxidative stress related pathologies. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 191:111333. [PMID: 32814082 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocytes are deeply sensitive cells and important health indicators. During inflammatory response RBC, as a part of haematological system, are exposed to circulating inflammatory mediators and related oxidative stress. They present a highly specialized and organized cell membrane that interacts with inflammatory mediators and oxidative agents, leading to a variety of structural changes that promptly signal an abnormal situation. This review is aimed to provide an overview on erythrocyte involvement in physiological and pathological processes related to oxidative stress, such as aging, Down syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, for instance Alzheimer Disease, erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. In particular this review will focus on the effects of oxidative stress on structural changes in the cell membrane and also on in the activity of erythrocyte enzymes such as membrane-bound, cytosolic glycohydrolases and RBC-eNOS. This review also underlines the potential clinical application of erythrocyte specific related parameters, which can be important tools not only for the study but also for the monitoring of several oxidative stress related diseases.
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11
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Down syndrome, accelerated aging and immunosenescence. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:635-645. [PMID: 32705346 PMCID: PMC7666319 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder, associated with moderate to severe intellectual disability. While life expectancy of Down syndrome population has greatly increased over the last decades, mortality rates are still high and subjects are facing prematurely a phenomenon of atypical and accelerated aging. The presence of an immune impairment in Down syndrome subjects is suggested for a long time by the existence of an increased incidence of infections, the incomplete efficacy of vaccinations, and a high prevalence of autoimmunity. Immunologic abnormalities have been described since many years in this population, both from a numerical and a functional points of view, and these abnormalities can mirror the ones observed during normal aging. In this review, we summarize our knowledge on immunologic disturbances commonly observed in subjects with Down syndrome, and in innate and adaptive immunity, as well as regarding chronic inflammation. We then discuss the role of accelerated aging in these observed abnormalities and finally review the potential age-associated molecular and cellular mechanisms involved.
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12
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Niedernhofer LJ, Gurkar AU, Wang Y, Vijg J, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Robbins PD. Nuclear Genomic Instability and Aging. Annu Rev Biochem 2019; 87:295-322. [PMID: 29925262 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear genome decays as organisms age. Numerous studies demonstrate that the burden of several classes of DNA lesions is greater in older mammals than in young mammals. More challenging is proving this is a cause rather than a consequence of aging. The DNA damage theory of aging, which argues that genomic instability plays a causal role in aging, has recently gained momentum. Support for this theory stems partly from progeroid syndromes in which inherited defects in DNA repair increase the burden of DNA damage leading to accelerated aging of one or more organs. Additionally, growing evidence shows that DNA damage accrual triggers cellular senescence and metabolic changes that promote a decline in tissue function and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases. Here, we examine multiple lines of evidence correlating nuclear DNA damage with aging. We then consider how, mechanistically, nuclear genotoxic stress could promote aging. We conclude that the evidence, in toto, supports a role for DNA damage as a nidus of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA;
| | - Aditi U Gurkar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA; .,Department of Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Michael F. Price Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Jan H J Hoeijmakers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA;
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13
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Abstract
During the past decades, life expectancy of subjects with Down syndrome (DS) has greatly improved, but age-specific mortality rates are still important and DS subjects are characterized by an acceleration of the ageing process, which affects particularly the immune and central nervous systems. In this chapter, we will first review the characteristics of the ageing phenomenon in brain and in immune system in DS and we will then discuss the biological hallmarks of ageing in this specific population. Finally, we will also consider in detail the knowledge on epigenetics in DS, particularly DNA methylation.
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14
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Duval N, Vacano GN, Patterson D. Rapamycin Treatment Ameliorates Age-Related Accumulation of Toxic Metabolic Intermediates in Brains of the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome and Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:263. [PMID: 30237765 PMCID: PMC6135881 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Individuals with DS exhibit changes in neurochemistry and neuroanatomy that worsen with age, neurological delay in learning and memory, and predisposition to Alzheimer's disease. The Ts65Dn mouse is the best characterized model of DS and has many features reminiscent of DS, including developmental anomalies and age-related neurodegeneration. The mouse carries a partial triplication of mouse chromosome 16 containing roughly 100 genes syntenic to human chromosome 21 genes. We hypothesized that there would be differences in brain metabolites with trisomy and age, and that long-term treatment with rapamycin, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor and immunosuppressant, would correct these differences. Using HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection, we identified differences in levels of metabolites involved in dopaminergic, serotonergic, and kynurenine pathways in trisomic mice that are exacerbated with age. These include homovanillic acid, norepinephrine, and kynurenine. In addition, we demonstrate that prolonged treatment with rapamycin reduces accumulation of toxic metabolites (such as 6-hydroxymelatonin and 3-hydroxykynurenine) in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Duval
- Department of Biological Sciences, Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
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15
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Ahmed AA, Smoczer C, Pace B, Patterson D, Cress Cabelof D. Loss of DNA polymerase β induces cellular senescence. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2018; 59:603-612. [PMID: 29968395 PMCID: PMC6203593 DOI: 10.1002/em.22206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We aim to establish that accelerated aging and premature cellular senescence seen in individuals with Down syndrome is related to reduced DNA polymeraseβ. We report here that primary fibroblasts from Down syndrome individuals exhibit greater SA-β-gal staining (fourfold increase, P < 0.001), increased p16 transcript abundance (threefold increase, P < 0.01), and reduced HMGB1 nuclear localization (1.5-fold lower, P < 0.01). We also find that DNA polymerase β expression is significantly reduced in Down syndrome primary fibroblasts (53% decline, P < 0.01). To evaluate whether DNA polymerase β might be causative in senescence induction, we evaluated the impact of murine DNA polymerase β nullizygosity on senescence. We find that unexposed DNA polymerase β -null primary fibroblasts exhibit a robust increase in the number of senescent cells compared to wild-type (11-fold, P < 0.001), demonstrating that loss DNA polymerase β is sufficient to induce senescence. We also see an additional increase in response to hydroxyurea (threefold greater than WT-HU, P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that loss of DNA polymerase β is sufficient to induce senescence. Additionally, we report a significant induction in spontaneous DNA double strand breaks in DNA polymerase β null MEFs (fivefold increase from wild-type, P < 0.0001). Our findings strongly suggest that DNA polymerase β is causative in senescence induction, reasonably pointing to DNA polymerase β as a likely factor driving the premature senescence in Down syndrome. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:603-612, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqila A. Ahmed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Cristine Smoczer
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Brianna Pace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - David Patterson
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Diane Cress Cabelof
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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16
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Ciccarone F, Valentini E, Malavolta M, Zampieri M, Bacalini MG, Calabrese R, Guastafierro T, Reale A, Franceschi C, Capri M, Breusing N, Grune T, Moreno‐Villanueva M, Bürkle A, Caiafa P. DNA Hydroxymethylation Levels Are Altered in Blood Cells From Down Syndrome Persons Enrolled in the MARK-AGE Project. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:737-744. [PMID: 29069286 PMCID: PMC5946825 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the presence of part or an entire extra copy of chromosome 21, a phenomenon that can cause a wide spectrum of clinically defined phenotypes of the disease. Most of the clinical signs of DS are typical of the aging process including dysregulation of immune system. Beyond the causative genetic defect, DS persons display epigenetic alterations, particularly aberrant DNA methylation patterns that can contribute to the heterogeneity of the disease. In the present work, we investigated the levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and of the Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenase enzymes, which are involved in DNA demethylation processes and are often deregulated in pathological conditions as well as in aging. Analyses were carried out on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of DS volunteers enrolled in the context of the MARK-AGE study, a large-scale cross-sectional population study with subjects representing the general population in eight European countries. We observed a decrease in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, TET1, and other components of the DNA methylation/demethylation machinery in DS subjects, indicating that aberrant DNA methylation patterns in DS, which may have consequences on the transcriptional status of immune cells, may be due to a global disturbance of methylation control in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ciccarone
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome
| | - Elisabetta Valentini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | - Marco Malavolta
- National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Nutrition and Ageing Centre, Scientific and Technological Research Area, Ancona
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | | | - Roberta Calabrese
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | - Tiziana Guastafierro
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- CIG-Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani,” Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- CIG-Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani,” Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine (180c), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal
| | - María Moreno‐Villanueva
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Paola Caiafa
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
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17
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Hou Y, Lautrup S, Cordonnier S, Wang Y, Croteau DL, Zavala E, Zhang Y, Moritoh K, O'Connell JF, Baptiste BA, Stevnsner TV, Mattson MP, Bohr VA. NAD + supplementation normalizes key Alzheimer's features and DNA damage responses in a new AD mouse model with introduced DNA repair deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1876-E1885. [PMID: 29432159 PMCID: PMC5828618 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718819115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging findings suggest that compromised cellular bioenergetics and DNA repair contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their role in disease-defining pathology is unclear. We developed a DNA repair-deficient 3xTgAD/Polβ+/- mouse that exacerbates major features of human AD including phosphorylated Tau (pTau) pathologies, synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death, and cognitive impairment. Here we report that 3xTgAD/Polβ+/- mice have a reduced cerebral NAD+/NADH ratio indicating impaired cerebral energy metabolism, which is normalized by nicotinamide riboside (NR) treatment. NR lessened pTau pathology in both 3xTgAD and 3xTgAD/Polβ+/- mice but had no impact on amyloid β peptide (Aβ) accumulation. NR-treated 3xTgAD/Polβ+/- mice exhibited reduced DNA damage, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and increased activity of SIRT3 in the brain. NR improved cognitive function in multiple behavioral tests and restored hippocampal synaptic plasticity in 3xTgAD mice and 3xTgAD/Polβ+/- mice. In general, the deficits between genotypes and the benefits of NR were greater in 3xTgAD/Polβ+/- mice than in 3xTgAD mice. Our findings suggest a pivotal role for cellular NAD+ depletion upstream of neuroinflammation, pTau, DNA damage, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal degeneration in AD. Interventions that bolster neuronal NAD+ levels therefore have therapeutic potential for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Hou
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Sofie Lautrup
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Cordonnier
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Deborah L Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Eduardo Zavala
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Kanako Moritoh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Jennifer F O'Connell
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Beverly A Baptiste
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Tinna V Stevnsner
- Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224;
- Danish Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Hartley SL, Handen BL, Devenny D, Mihaila I, Hardison R, Lao PJ, Klunk WE, Bulova P, Johnson SC, Christian BT. Cognitive decline and brain amyloid-β accumulation across 3 years in adults with Down syndrome. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 58:68-76. [PMID: 28715661 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adults with Down syndrome (DS) have a high incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), providing a unique opportunity to explore the early, preclinical stages of AD neuropathology. We examined change in brain amyloid-β accumulation via the positron emission tomography tracer [11C] Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) across 2 data collection cycles, spaced 3 years apart, and decline in cognitive functioning in 58 adults with DS without clinical AD. PiB retention increased in the anterior cingulate gyrus, precuneus cortex, parietal cortex, and anterior ventral striatum. Across the 2 cycles, 14 (27.5%) participants were consistently PiB+, 31 (60.8%) were consistently PiB-, and 6 (11.7%) converted from PiB- at cycle 1 to PiB+ at cycle 2. Increased global amyloid-β was related to decline in verbal episodic memory, visual episodic memory, executive functioning, and fine motor processing speed. Participants who were consistently PiB+ demonstrated worsening of episodic memory, whereas participants who were consistently PiB- evidenced stable or improved performance. Amyloid-β accumulation may be a contributor to or biomarker of declining cognitive functioning in preclinical AD in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigan L Hartley
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Benjamin L Handen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Darlynne Devenny
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Iulia Mihaila
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Regina Hardison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J Lao
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William E Klunk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Bulova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bradley T Christian
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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19
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Mihaila I, Hartley SL, Handen BL, Bulova PD, Tumuluru RV, Devenny DA, Johnson SC, Lao PJ, Christian BT. Leisure Activity and Caregiver Involvement in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Down Syndrome. INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 55:97-109. [PMID: 28375797 PMCID: PMC5580086 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-55.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined leisure activity and its association with caregiver involvement (i.e., residence and time spent with primary caregiver) in 62 middle-aged and older adults with Down syndrome (aged 30-53 years). Findings indicated that middle-aged and older adults with Down syndrome frequently participated in social and passive leisure activities, with low participation in physical and mentally stimulating leisure activities. Residence and time spent with primary caregiver were associated with participation in physical leisure activity. The findings suggest a need for support services aimed at increasing opportunities for participating in physical and mentally stimulating leisure activity by middle-aged and older adults with Down syndrome. These support services should partner with primary caregivers in order to best foster participation in physical leisure activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Mihaila
- Iulia Mihaila and Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison
| | - Sigan L Hartley
- Iulia Mihaila and Sigan L. Hartley, University of Wisconsin - Madison
| | - Benjamin L Handen
- Benjamin L. Handen, Peter D. Bulova, and Rameshwari V. Tumuluru, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Peter D Bulova
- Benjamin L. Handen, Peter D. Bulova, and Rameshwari V. Tumuluru, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Rameshwari V Tumuluru
- Benjamin L. Handen, Peter D. Bulova, and Rameshwari V. Tumuluru, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Darlynne A Devenny
- Darlynne A. Devenny, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; and
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Sterling C. Johnson, Patrick J. Lao, and Bradley T. Christian, University of Wisconsin - Madison
| | - Patrick J Lao
- Sterling C. Johnson, Patrick J. Lao, and Bradley T. Christian, University of Wisconsin - Madison
| | - Bradley T Christian
- Sterling C. Johnson, Patrick J. Lao, and Bradley T. Christian, University of Wisconsin - Madison
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20
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Misiak M, Vergara Greeno R, Baptiste BA, Sykora P, Liu D, Cordonnier S, Fang EF, Croteau DL, Mattson MP, Bohr VA. DNA polymerase β decrement triggers death of olfactory bulb cells and impairs olfaction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Aging Cell 2017; 16:162-172. [PMID: 27686631 PMCID: PMC5242308 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves the progressive degeneration of neurons critical for learning and memory. In addition, patients with AD typically exhibit impaired olfaction associated with neuronal degeneration in the olfactory bulb (OB). Because DNA base excision repair (BER) is reduced in brain cells during normal aging and AD, we determined whether inefficient BER due to reduced DNA polymerase‐β (Polβ) levels renders OB neurons vulnerable to degeneration in the 3xTgAD mouse model of AD. We interrogated OB histopathology and olfactory function in wild‐type and 3xTgAD mice with normal or reduced Polβ levels. Compared to wild‐type control mice, Polβ heterozygous (Polβ+/−), and 3xTgAD mice, 3xTgAD/Polβ+/− mice exhibited impaired performance in a buried food test of olfaction. Polβ deficiency did not affect the proliferation of OB neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone. However, numbers of newly generated neurons were reduced by approximately 25% in Polβ+/− and 3xTgAD mice, and by over 60% in the 3xTgAD/Polβ+/− mice compared to wild‐type control mice. Analyses of DNA damage and apoptosis revealed significantly greater degeneration of OB neurons in 3xTgAD/Polβ+/− mice compared to 3xTgAD mice. Levels of amyloid β‐peptide (Aβ) accumulation in the OB were similar in 3xTgAD and 3xTgAD/Polβ+/− mice, and cultured Polβ‐deficient neurons exhibited increased vulnerability to Aβ‐induced death. Olfactory deficit is an early sign in human AD, but the mechanism is not yet understood. Our findings in a new AD mouse model demonstrate that diminution of BER can endanger OB neurons, and suggest a mechanism underlying early olfactory impairment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Misiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
- Laboratory of Neurosciences; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Rebeca Vergara Greeno
- Laboratory of Neurosciences; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Beverly A. Baptiste
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Peter Sykora
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Dong Liu
- Laboratory of Neurosciences; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Stephanie Cordonnier
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
- Laboratory of Neurosciences; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Evandro F. Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Deborah L. Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Mark P. Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
| | - Vilhelm A. Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology; National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; Biomedical Research Center; 251 Bayview Blvd Baltimore MD 21224 USA
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21
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Créau N, Cabet E, Daubigney F, Souchet B, Bennaï S, Delabar J. Specific age-related molecular alterations in the cerebellum of Down syndrome mouse models. Brain Res 2016; 1646:342-353. [PMID: 27297494 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome, or trisomy 21, has been modeled with various trisomic and transgenic mice to help understand the consequences of an altered gene dosage in brain development and function. Though Down syndrome has been associated with premature aging, little is known about the molecular and cellular alterations that target brain function. To help identify alterations at specific ages, we analyzed the cerebellum of Ts1Cje mice, trisomic for 77 HSA21 orthologs, at three ages-young (4 months), middle-age (12 months), and old (17 months)-compared to age-matched controls. Quantification of neuronal and glial markers (n=11) revealed increases in GFAP, with an age effect, and S100B, with age and genotype effects. The genotype effect on S100B with age was unexpected as Ts1Cje has only two copies of the S100b gene. Interestingly, the different increase in GFAP observed between Ts1Cje (trisomic segment includes Pcp4 gene) and controls was magnified in TgPCP4 mice (1 extra copy of the human PCP4 gene) at the same age. S100B increase was not found in the TgPCP4 confirming a difference of regulation with aging for GFAP and S100B and excluding the calcium signaling regulator, Pcp4, as a potential candidate for increase of S100B in the Ts1Cje. To understand these differences, comparison of GFAP and S100B immunostainings at young and middle-age were performed. Immunohistochemical detection of differences in GFAP and S100B localization with aging implicate S100B+ oligodendrocytes as a new phenotypic target in this specific aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Créau
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France.
| | - Eva Cabet
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Daubigney
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Souchet
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Soumia Bennaï
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jean Delabar
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
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22
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Walker RF, Liu JS, Peters BA, Ritz BR, Wu T, Ophoff RA, Horvath S. Epigenetic age analysis of children who seem to evade aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 7:334-9. [PMID: 25991677 PMCID: PMC4468314 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the unusual case of a teenage girl stricken with multifocal developmental dysfunctions whose physical development was dramatically delayed resulting in her appearing to be a toddler or at best a preschooler, even unto the occasion of her death at the age of 20 years. Her life-long physician felt that the disorder was unique in the world and that future treatments for age-related diseases might emerge from its study. The objectives of our research were to determine if other such cases exist, and if so, whether aging is actually slowed. Of seven children characterized by dramatically slow developmental rates, five also had associated disorders displayed by the first case. All of the identified subjects were female. To objectively measure the age of blood tissue from these subjects, we used a highly accurate biomarker of aging known as “epigenetic clock” based on DNA methylation levels. No statistically significant differences in chronological and epigenetic ages were detected in any of the newly discovered cases. Our study shows that a) there are multiple children who maintain the façade of persistent toddler-like features while aging from birth to young adulthood and b) blood tissue from these cases is not younger than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard F Walker
- Physician's Scientific and Regulatory Services, Inc., Indian Rocks Beach, FL 33785, USA
| | - Jia Sophie Liu
- Department of Research, Complete Genomics Inc. Mountain View CA94043 USA,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Brock A Peters
- Department of Research, Complete Genomics Inc. Mountain View CA94043 USA,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Beate R Ritz
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Timothy Wu
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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23
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Borelli V, Vanhooren V, Lonardi E, Reiding KR, Capri M, Libert C, Garagnani P, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Wuhrer M. Plasma N-Glycome Signature of Down Syndrome. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4232-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Borelli
- Department
of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Valerie Vanhooren
- Inflammation
Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biomedical Molecular Biology, UGent, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emanuela Lonardi
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karli R. Reiding
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department
of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Claude Libert
- Inflammation
Research Center, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biomedical Molecular Biology, UGent, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department
of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Centre “L. Galvani” for Integrated Studies of Bioinformatics,
Biophysics and Biocomplexity (CIG), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department
of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department
of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Centre “L. Galvani” for Integrated Studies of Bioinformatics,
Biophysics and Biocomplexity (CIG), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
- IGM-CNR
Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna IOR, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division
of BioAnalytical Chemistry, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Necchi D, Pinto A, Tillhon M, Dutto I, Serafini MM, Lanni C, Govoni S, Racchi M, Prosperi E. Defective DNA repair and increased chromatin binding of DNA repair factors in Down syndrome fibroblasts. Mutat Res 2015; 780:15-23. [PMID: 26258283 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by genetic instability, neurodegeneration, and premature aging. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to this phenotype are not yet well understood. Here, we report that DS fibroblasts from both fetal and adult donors show the presence of oxidative DNA base damage, such as dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxodG), and activation of a DNA damage response (DDR), already during unperturbed growth conditions. DDR with checkpoint activation was indicated by histone H2AX and Chk2 protein phosphorylation, and by increased p53 protein levels. In addition, both fetal and adult DS fibroblasts were more sensitive to oxidative DNA damage induced by potassium bromate, and were defective in the removal of 8-oxodG, as compared with age-matched cells from control healthy donors. The analysis of core proteins participating in base excision repair (BER), such as XRCC1 and DNA polymerase β, showed that higher amounts of these factors were bound to chromatin in DS than in control cells, even in the absence of DNA damage. These findings occurred in concomitance with increased levels of phosphorylated XRCC1 detected in DS cells. These results indicate that DS cells exhibit a BER deficiency, which is associated with prolonged chromatin association of core BER factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Necchi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonella Pinto
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Micol Tillhon
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the National Research Council (CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dutto
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the National Research Council (CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Lanni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ennio Prosperi
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the National Research Council (CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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25
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Bacalini MG, Gentilini D, Boattini A, Giampieri E, Pirazzini C, Giuliani C, Fontanesi E, Scurti M, Remondini D, Capri M, Cocchi G, Ghezzo A, Del Rio A, Luiselli D, Vitale G, Mari D, Castellani G, Fraga M, Di Blasio AM, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Garagnani P. Identification of a DNA methylation signature in blood cells from persons with Down Syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2015; 7:82-96. [PMID: 25701644 PMCID: PMC4359691 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Down Syndrome (DS) is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical signs, which include segmental premature aging of central nervous and immune systems. Although it is well established that the causative defect of DS is the trisomy of chromosome 21, the molecular bases of its phenotype are still largely unknown. We used the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip to investigate DNA methylation patterns in whole blood from 29 DS persons, using their relatives (mothers and unaffected siblings) as controls. This family-based model allowed us to monitor possible confounding effects on DNA methylation patterns deriving from genetic and environmental factors. Although differentially methylated regions (DMRs) displayed a genome-wide distribution, they were enriched on chromosome 21. DMRs mapped in genes involved in developmental functions, including embryonic development (HOXA family) and haematological (RUNX1 and EBF4) and neuronal (NCAM1) development. Moreover, genes involved in the regulation of chromatin structure (PRMD8, KDM2B, TET1) showed altered methylation. The data also showed that several pathways are affected in DS, including PI3K-Akt signaling. In conclusion, we identified an epigenetic signature of DS that sustains a link between developmental defects and disease phenotype, including segmental premature aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Bacalini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy.,Personal Genomics S.r.l., Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan 20095, Italy
| | - Alessio Boattini
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Enrico Giampieri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Chiara Pirazzini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Elisa Fontanesi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Maria Scurti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Daniel Remondini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Guido Cocchi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ghezzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Alberto Del Rio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council (CNR), Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan 20095, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan 20095, Italy
| | - Daniela Mari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan 20095, Italy.,Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Milan 20095, Italy
| | - Gastone Castellani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Mario Fraga
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Instituto Universitario de de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), HUCA, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Immunology & Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Maria Di Blasio
- Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan 20095, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy.,IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani", University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy.,Personal Genomics S.r.l., Verona 37134, Italy.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna 40138, Italy
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26
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Horvath S, Garagnani P, Bacalini MG, Pirazzini C, Salvioli S, Gentilini D, Di Blasio AM, Giuliani C, Tung S, Vinters HV, Franceschi C. Accelerated epigenetic aging in Down syndrome. Aging Cell 2015; 14:491-5. [PMID: 25678027 PMCID: PMC4406678 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Down Syndrome (DS) entails an increased risk of many chronic diseases that are typically associated with older age. The clinical manifestations of accelerated aging suggest that trisomy 21 increases the biological age of tissues, but molecular evidence for this hypothesis has been sparse. Here, we utilize a quantitative molecular marker of aging (known as the epigenetic clock) to demonstrate that trisomy 21 significantly increases the age of blood and brain tissue (on average by 6.6 years, P = 7.0 × 10−14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Horvath
- Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Biostatistics Fielding School of Public Health University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- Interdepartmental Center ‘L. Galvani’ University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- CNR Applied Biomedical Research Center S. Orsola‐Malpighi Polyclinic Bologna 40138 Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Bacalini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- Interdepartmental Center ‘L. Galvani’ University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- Personal Genomics S.r.l. Verona 37134 Italy
| | - Chiara Pirazzini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- Interdepartmental Center ‘L. Galvani’ University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- Interdepartmental Center ‘L. Galvani’ University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Center of Research and Biomedical Technology Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS Via Zucchi 18 Cusano Milanino 20095 Milan Italy
| | - Anna Maria Di Blasio
- Center of Research and Biomedical Technology Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS Via Zucchi 18 Cusano Milanino 20095 Milan Italy
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Spencer Tung
- Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Harry V. Vinters
- Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Interdepartmental Center ‘L. Galvani’ University of Bologna Bologna 40126 Italy
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna 40139 Bologna Italy
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27
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Sykora P, Misiak M, Wang Y, Ghosh S, Leandro GS, Liu D, Tian J, Baptiste BA, Cong WN, Brenerman BM, Fang E, Becker KG, Hamilton RJ, Chigurupati S, Zhang Y, Egan JM, Croteau DL, Wilson DM, Mattson MP, Bohr VA. DNA polymerase β deficiency leads to neurodegeneration and exacerbates Alzheimer disease phenotypes. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:943-59. [PMID: 25552414 PMCID: PMC4333403 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore the role of DNA damage processing in the progression of cognitive decline by creating a new mouse model. The new model is a cross of a common Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse (3xTgAD), with a mouse that is heterozygous for the critical DNA base excision repair enzyme, DNA polymerase β. A reduction of this enzyme causes neurodegeneration and aggravates the AD features of the 3xTgAD mouse, inducing neuronal dysfunction, cell death and impairing memory and synaptic plasticity. Transcriptional profiling revealed remarkable similarities in gene expression alterations in brain tissue of human AD patients and 3xTg/Polβ(+/-) mice including abnormalities suggestive of impaired cellular bioenergetics. Our findings demonstrate that a modest decrement in base excision repair capacity can render the brain more vulnerable to AD-related molecular and cellular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sykora
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Magdalena Misiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Somnath Ghosh
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Giovana S Leandro
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Dong Liu
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jane Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Beverly A Baptiste
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Wei-Na Cong
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Boris M Brenerman
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Evandro Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo-Ribeirao Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Royce J Hamilton
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Soumya Chigurupati
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Deborah L Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David M Wilson
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program (NIA IRP), Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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28
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Biagi E, Candela M, Centanni M, Consolandi C, Rampelli S, Turroni S, Severgnini M, Peano C, Ghezzo A, Scurti M, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Brigidi P. Gut microbiome in Down syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112023. [PMID: 25386941 PMCID: PMC4227691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature aging seriously compromises the health status of Down Syndrome (DS) persons. Since human aging has been associated with a deterioration of the gut microbiota (GM)-host mutualism, here we investigated the composition of GM in DS. METHODS The observational study presented involved 17 adult DS persons. We characterized the GM structure by 454 pyrosequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. DS microbiome was compared with that of age-matched healthy non-trisomic adults enrolled in the same geographic area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The dominant GM fraction of DS persons showed an overall mutualistic immune-modulatory layout, comparable to that of healthy controls. This makes GM a possible factor counteracting the genetic determined acceleration of immune senescence in DS persons. However, we also found detectable signatures specific for DS among subdominant GM components, such as the increase of Parasporobacterium and Sutterella. In particular, the abundance of this last microorganism significantly correlated with the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) total score, allowing us to hypothesize a possible role for this microbial genus in behavioral features in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Biagi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Manuela Centanni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Consolandi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies - Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Severgnini
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies - Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies - Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ghezzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Scurti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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29
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Nickson CM, Parsons JL. Monitoring regulation of DNA repair activities of cultured cells in-gel using the comet assay. Front Genet 2014; 5:232. [PMID: 25076968 PMCID: PMC4100063 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Base excision repair (BER) is the predominant cellular mechanism by which human cells repair DNA base damage, sites of base loss, and DNA single strand breaks of various complexity, that are generated in their thousands in every human cell per day as a consequence of cellular metabolism and exogenous agents, including ionizing radiation. Over the last three decades the comet assay has been employed in scientific research to examine the cellular response to these types of DNA damage in cultured cells, therefore revealing the efficiency and capacity of BER. We have recently pioneered new research demonstrating an important role for post-translational modifications (particularly ubiquitylation) in the regulation of cellular levels of BER proteins, and that subtle changes (∼20-50%) in protein levels following siRNA knockdown of E3 ubiquitin ligases or deubiquitylation enzymes can manifest in significant changes in DNA repair capacity monitored using the comet assay. For example, we have shown that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mule, the tumor suppressor protein ARF, and the deubiquitylation enzyme USP47 modulate DNA repair by controlling cellular levels of DNA polymerase β, and also that polynucleotide kinase phosphatase levels are controlled by ATM-dependant phosphorylation and Cul4A-DDB1-STRAP-dependent ubiquitylation. In these studies we employed a modification of the comet assay whereby cultured cells, following DNA damage treatment, are embedded in agarose and allowed to repair in-gel prior to lysis and electrophoresis. Whilst this method does have its limitations, it avoids the extensive cell culture-based processing associated with the traditional approach using attached cells and also allows for the examination of much more precise DNA repair kinetics. In this review we will describe, using this modified comet assay, our accumulating evidence that ubiquitylation-dependant regulation of BER proteins has important consequences for overall cellular DNA repair capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Nickson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, North West Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
| | - Jason L Parsons
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, North West Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
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30
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Satgé D. Are GATA1 mutations occurring at random in Down syndrome transient leukemia? Med Hypotheses 2014; 83:154-9. [PMID: 24880866 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The somatic mutation theory of cancer proposes that cancer begins with a somatic mutation occurring at random in a single cell that then passes the mutation to its progeny, generating a clone of premalignant cells. This clone leads to a full malignant tumor through additional mutations and selection processes. Strikingly, the best-documented human model of early oncogenesis, i.e., transient myeloproliferative disorder followed by acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) in infants with Down syndrome (DS, or trisomy 21), exhibits important discrepancies with the SMT. Somatic mutations in megakaryocytic precursors occur at least 100,000 times more frequently in the GATA1 gene in fetuses with DS compared to the general population. Further, mutations are limited to GATA1 only; the general mutation rate does not significantly differ between individuals with DS and euploid individuals. Importantly, the mutations are also lineage-specific, occurring only in the megakaryocytic lineage, and proliferative anomalies of the megakaryocytic lineage are observed before the occurrence of GATA1 mutations. Thus, GATA1 mutations in fetuses with DS cannot be random events occurring in normal cells. Here, transcription-associated mutagenesis is proposed as the mechanism by which the earliest mutations of AMKL occur in DS. Transcription-associated mutagenesis is observed in non-dividing cells when a gene is over-expressed. The over-expression of GATA1 in the megakaryocytic lineage in DS fetal liver cells is proposed to be the cause of targeted GATA1 somatic mutations. As transcription-associated mutagenesis is a universal process, this mechanism may also apply to early oncogenesis in other situations, including after birth and following exposure to a carcinogenic agent. Thus, this hypothesis represents a new avenue for understanding and exploring oncogenesis in the context of DS and in other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Satgé
- Team Biostatistics Epidemiology Public Health, EA 2415, Oncodefi Project, University Institute for Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.
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31
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Collino S, Montoliu I, Martin FPJ, Scherer M, Mari D, Salvioli S, Bucci L, Ostan R, Monti D, Biagi E, Brigidi P, Franceschi C, Rezzi S. Metabolic signatures of extreme longevity in northern Italian centenarians reveal a complex remodeling of lipids, amino acids, and gut microbiota metabolism. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56564. [PMID: 23483888 PMCID: PMC3590212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging phenotype in humans has been thoroughly studied but a detailed metabolic profiling capable of shading light on the underpinning biological processes of longevity is still missing. Here using a combined metabonomics approach compromising holistic 1H-NMR profiling and targeted MS approaches, we report for the first time the metabolic phenotype of longevity in a well characterized human aging cohort compromising mostly female centenarians, elderly, and young individuals. With increasing age, targeted MS profiling of blood serum displayed a marked decrease in tryptophan concentration, while an unique alteration of specific glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids are seen in the longevity phenotype. We hypothesized that the overall lipidome changes specific to longevity putatively reflect centenarians' unique capacity to adapt/respond to the accumulating oxidative and chronic inflammatory conditions characteristic of their extreme aging phenotype. Our data in centenarians support promotion of cellular detoxification mechanisms through specific modulation of the arachidonic acid metabolic cascade as we underpinned increased concentration of 8,9-EpETrE, suggesting enhanced cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme activity. Such effective mechanism might result in the activation of an anti-oxidative response, as displayed by decreased circulating levels of 9-HODE and 9-oxoODE, markers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative products of linoleic acid. Lastly, we also revealed that the longevity process deeply affects the structure and composition of the human gut microbiota as shown by the increased extrection of phenylacetylglutamine (PAG) and p-cresol sulfate (PCS) in urine of centenarians. Together, our novel approach in this representative Italian longevity cohort support the hypothesis that a complex remodeling of lipid, amino acid metabolism, and of gut microbiota functionality are key regulatory processes marking exceptional longevity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Collino
- Proteomics and Metabonomics, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Campus EPFL, Quartier de l'innovation, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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32
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Menezes MR, Sweasy JB. Mouse models of DNA polymerases. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2012; 53:645-665. [PMID: 23001998 DOI: 10.1002/em.21731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In 1956, Arthur Kornberg discovered the mechanism of the biological synthesis of DNA and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959 for this contribution, which included the isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. Now there are 15 known DNA polymerases in mammalian cells that belong to four different families. These DNA polymerases function in many different cellular processes including DNA replication, DNA repair, and damage tolerance. Several biochemical and cell biological studies have provoked a further investigation of DNA polymerase function using mouse models in which polymerase genes have been altered using gene-targeting techniques. The phenotypes of mice harboring mutant alleles reveal the prominent role of DNA polymerases in embryogenesis, prevention of premature aging, and cancer suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam R Menezes
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Biselli JM, Zampieri BL, Goloni-Bertollo EM, Haddad R, Fonseca MFR, Eberlin MN, Vannucchi H, Carvalho VM, Pavarino EC. Genetic polymorphisms modulate the folate metabolism of Brazilian individuals with Down syndrome. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9277-84. [PMID: 22903356 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) carry three copies of the Cystathionine β-synthase (CβS) gene. The increase in the dosage of this gene results in an altered profile of metabolites involved in the folate pathway, including reduced homocysteine (Hcy), methionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Furthermore, previous studies in individuals with DS have shown that genetic variants in genes involved in the folate pathway influence the concentrations of this metabolism's products. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism affect the plasma concentrations of Hcy and methylmalonic acid (MMA) along with the concentration of serum folate in individuals with DS. Twelve genetic polymorphisms were investigated in 90 individuals with DS (median age 1.29 years, range 0.07-30.35 years; 49 male and 41 female). Genotyping for the polymorphisms was performed either by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques or by direct sequencing. Plasma concentrations of Hcy and MMA were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as previously described, and serum folate was quantified using a competitive immunoassay. Our results indicate that the MTHFR C677T, MTR A2756G, TC2 C776G and BHMT G742A polymorphisms along with MMA concentration are predictors of Hcy concentration. They also show that age and Hcy concentration are predictors of MMA concentration. These findings could help to understand how genetic variation impacts folate metabolism and what metabolic consequences these variants have in individuals with trisomy 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Biselli
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Unidade de Pesquisa em Genética e Biologia Molecular (UPGEM), Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, n.o 5416-Bloco U-6, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP: 15.090-000, Brazil
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Aging and down syndrome. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2012; 2012:412536. [PMID: 22844278 PMCID: PMC3400297 DOI: 10.1155/2012/412536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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The use of mouse models for understanding the biology of down syndrome and aging. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2012; 2012:717315. [PMID: 22461792 PMCID: PMC3296169 DOI: 10.1155/2012/717315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is a complex condition caused by trisomy of human chromosome 21. The biology of aging may be different in individuals with Down syndrome; this is not well understood in any organism. Because of its complexity, many aspects of Down syndrome must be studied either in humans or in animal models. Studies in humans are essential but are limited for ethical and practical reasons. Fortunately, genetically altered mice can serve as extremely useful models of Down syndrome, and progress in their production and analysis has been remarkable. Here, we describe various mouse models that have been used to study Down syndrome. We focus on segmental trisomies of mouse chromosome regions syntenic to human chromosome 21, mice in which individual genes have been introduced, or mice in which genes have been silenced by targeted mutagenesis. We selected a limited number of genes for which considerable evidence links them to aspects of Down syndrome, and about which much is known regarding their function. We focused on genes important for brain and cognitive function, and for the altered cancer spectrum seen in individuals with Down syndrome. We conclude with observations on the usefulness of mouse models and speculation on future directions.
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